Mary Jo Nye
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226610634
- eISBN:
- 9780226610658
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226610658.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter focuses on David Edge, who, among the three founding generations in the social epistemology of science, was a member of the transitional second generation in Great Britain. Edge helped ...
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This chapter focuses on David Edge, who, among the three founding generations in the social epistemology of science, was a member of the transitional second generation in Great Britain. Edge helped establish the Edinburgh program in sociology of scientific knowledge, which became known as SSK. In discussing the origins of the program, he later noted the impact in Great Britain of the kind of argument which Derek de Solla Price was making about big science, as well as the view of Manchester's Lord Bowden that limitations had to be made on scientific growth. That argument was countered immediately by J. D. Bernal, then in his sixties, who suggested in the New Scientist that scientific specialties with the fastest rising curves of growth should be funded as generously as possible.Less
This chapter focuses on David Edge, who, among the three founding generations in the social epistemology of science, was a member of the transitional second generation in Great Britain. Edge helped establish the Edinburgh program in sociology of scientific knowledge, which became known as SSK. In discussing the origins of the program, he later noted the impact in Great Britain of the kind of argument which Derek de Solla Price was making about big science, as well as the view of Manchester's Lord Bowden that limitations had to be made on scientific growth. That argument was countered immediately by J. D. Bernal, then in his sixties, who suggested in the New Scientist that scientific specialties with the fastest rising curves of growth should be funded as generously as possible.
Elizabeth B. Wydra
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781501752216
- eISBN:
- 9781501752230
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501752216.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter addresses how, as Lin Manuel Miranda's Hamilton: An American Musical accurately portrays, much of the force behind the constitutional system of government came from advocates of strong ...
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This chapter addresses how, as Lin Manuel Miranda's Hamilton: An American Musical accurately portrays, much of the force behind the constitutional system of government came from advocates of strong federal power like George Washington and his “right hand man” Alexander Hamilton. They saw firsthand the pitfalls of a weak central government. The result was a vibrant federalist system that empowers the federal government to provide national solutions to national problems. Not ever wanting to see the noble nation barefoot, bloodied, and starving again, Hamilton made sure the federal government established by the enduring Constitution had at least a fraction of the dazzling energy he expended in defending and promoting it. It is important to remember that the Constitution was drafted in 1787 — and not without conflict, as the musical portrays in the “Cabinet Battles” — “in Order to form a more perfect Union” that was both more perfect than the British tyranny against which the Founding generation had revolted and the flawed Articles of Confederation under which Americans had lived for a decade since declaring independence.Less
This chapter addresses how, as Lin Manuel Miranda's Hamilton: An American Musical accurately portrays, much of the force behind the constitutional system of government came from advocates of strong federal power like George Washington and his “right hand man” Alexander Hamilton. They saw firsthand the pitfalls of a weak central government. The result was a vibrant federalist system that empowers the federal government to provide national solutions to national problems. Not ever wanting to see the noble nation barefoot, bloodied, and starving again, Hamilton made sure the federal government established by the enduring Constitution had at least a fraction of the dazzling energy he expended in defending and promoting it. It is important to remember that the Constitution was drafted in 1787 — and not without conflict, as the musical portrays in the “Cabinet Battles” — “in Order to form a more perfect Union” that was both more perfect than the British tyranny against which the Founding generation had revolted and the flawed Articles of Confederation under which Americans had lived for a decade since declaring independence.
Carroll Smith-Rosenberg
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807832967
- eISBN:
- 9781469600390
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9780807832967.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This book traces the origins of American violence, racism, and paranoia to the founding moments of the new nation and the initial instability of Americans' national sense of self. Fusing cultural and ...
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This book traces the origins of American violence, racism, and paranoia to the founding moments of the new nation and the initial instability of Americans' national sense of self. Fusing cultural and political analyses to create a new form of political history, it explores the ways the founding generation, lacking a common history, governmental infrastructures, and shared culture, solidified their national sense of self by imagining a series of “Others” (African Americans, Native Americans, women, the propertyless) whose differences from European American male founders overshadowed the differences that divided those founders. These “Others,” dangerous and polluting, had to be excluded from the European American body politic. Feared, but also desired, they refused to be marginalized, incurring increasingly enraged enactments of their political and social exclusion that shaped our long history of racism, xenophobia, and sexism. Close readings of political rhetoric during the Constitutional debates reveal the genesis of this long history.Less
This book traces the origins of American violence, racism, and paranoia to the founding moments of the new nation and the initial instability of Americans' national sense of self. Fusing cultural and political analyses to create a new form of political history, it explores the ways the founding generation, lacking a common history, governmental infrastructures, and shared culture, solidified their national sense of self by imagining a series of “Others” (African Americans, Native Americans, women, the propertyless) whose differences from European American male founders overshadowed the differences that divided those founders. These “Others,” dangerous and polluting, had to be excluded from the European American body politic. Feared, but also desired, they refused to be marginalized, incurring increasingly enraged enactments of their political and social exclusion that shaped our long history of racism, xenophobia, and sexism. Close readings of political rhetoric during the Constitutional debates reveal the genesis of this long history.
Jeff Broadwater
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781469651200
- eISBN:
- 9781469651224
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469651200.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter profiles the three North Carolina signers of the Declaration of Independence: William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, and John Penn. In doing so, it demythologizes their status as signers of the ...
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This chapter profiles the three North Carolina signers of the Declaration of Independence: William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, and John Penn. In doing so, it demythologizes their status as signers of the Declaration--none of them seemed to recognize the significance of the Declaration as a statement of political principles--without minimizing their achievements. Hooper was a sophisticated political thinker. Hewes was a useful and pragmatic member of the Continental Congress. Penn, though lightly regarded by his contemporaries and most subsequent historians, served in Congress longer than any other North Carolinian of the Revolutionary era. Their careers also illustrate the divisions that existed among the founding generation. Hooper and Hewes were eastern conservatives and reluctant revolutionaries. Penn represented the more reform-minded west. All died in their forties, too soon to have much impact on post-war politics.Less
This chapter profiles the three North Carolina signers of the Declaration of Independence: William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, and John Penn. In doing so, it demythologizes their status as signers of the Declaration--none of them seemed to recognize the significance of the Declaration as a statement of political principles--without minimizing their achievements. Hooper was a sophisticated political thinker. Hewes was a useful and pragmatic member of the Continental Congress. Penn, though lightly regarded by his contemporaries and most subsequent historians, served in Congress longer than any other North Carolinian of the Revolutionary era. Their careers also illustrate the divisions that existed among the founding generation. Hooper and Hewes were eastern conservatives and reluctant revolutionaries. Penn represented the more reform-minded west. All died in their forties, too soon to have much impact on post-war politics.
