Massimo Montanari
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231167864
- eISBN:
- 9780231539081
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231167864.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This chapter identifies the distinctions between poor food and rich food with regard to modes of preparation and tastes. A humble product is ennobled by making it part of a different gastronomic or ...
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This chapter identifies the distinctions between poor food and rich food with regard to modes of preparation and tastes. A humble product is ennobled by making it part of a different gastronomic or symbolic system, such as making it merely one ingredient—not the main one—of a prestigious dish. Another sign of ennoblement is the enrichment of a humble product with costly ingredients, such as spices. On the other hand, poor foods include polentas and gruels made of inferior grains, such as legumes and chestnuts—key elements in a cuisine marked by the need to fill the belly so as to assure daily survival. Another typical product of poor cooking, which both medieval and ancient cultures associate with the world of peasants and shepherds, is cheese.Less
This chapter identifies the distinctions between poor food and rich food with regard to modes of preparation and tastes. A humble product is ennobled by making it part of a different gastronomic or symbolic system, such as making it merely one ingredient—not the main one—of a prestigious dish. Another sign of ennoblement is the enrichment of a humble product with costly ingredients, such as spices. On the other hand, poor foods include polentas and gruels made of inferior grains, such as legumes and chestnuts—key elements in a cuisine marked by the need to fill the belly so as to assure daily survival. Another typical product of poor cooking, which both medieval and ancient cultures associate with the world of peasants and shepherds, is cheese.
Hai-Anh H. Dang, Peter F. Lanjouw, and Rob Swinkels
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198797692
- eISBN:
- 9780191839054
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198797692.003.0008
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Assessment of poverty dynamics can usefully inform poverty reduction policy, notably for the design of social protection interventions, but require panel data. Without actual panel data for Senegal, ...
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Assessment of poverty dynamics can usefully inform poverty reduction policy, notably for the design of social protection interventions, but require panel data. Without actual panel data for Senegal, this chapter applies new statistical methods to construct synthetic panel data from cross-sectional household surveys in 2005 and 2011 to study poverty transitions. In marked contrast to the picture obtained from cross-sectional data, the results suggest much mobility in and out of poverty during this period. More than half the population experiences poverty transition and more than two-thirds of the extreme (food) poor move up one or two welfare categories. Factors such as rural residence, disability, exposure to some kind of natural disaster, and informality in the labour market are associated with heightened risk of falling into poverty, while the opposite holds for factors such as belonging to certain ethnicities, migration, working in the non-agricultural sector, and having access to social capital.Less
Assessment of poverty dynamics can usefully inform poverty reduction policy, notably for the design of social protection interventions, but require panel data. Without actual panel data for Senegal, this chapter applies new statistical methods to construct synthetic panel data from cross-sectional household surveys in 2005 and 2011 to study poverty transitions. In marked contrast to the picture obtained from cross-sectional data, the results suggest much mobility in and out of poverty during this period. More than half the population experiences poverty transition and more than two-thirds of the extreme (food) poor move up one or two welfare categories. Factors such as rural residence, disability, exposure to some kind of natural disaster, and informality in the labour market are associated with heightened risk of falling into poverty, while the opposite holds for factors such as belonging to certain ethnicities, migration, working in the non-agricultural sector, and having access to social capital.
