Joanne Bailey
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199565191
- eISBN:
- 9780191740664
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199565191.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Family History
This book is about the world of parenting and parenthood in the Georgian era. It navigates recent ‘turns’ towards emotions, subjectivity, memory, the body and materiality. This approach reveals the ...
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This book is about the world of parenting and parenthood in the Georgian era. It navigates recent ‘turns’ towards emotions, subjectivity, memory, the body and materiality. This approach reveals the profound emotions provoked by motherhood and fatherhood and the labour and hard work it entailed. Such parental investment meant that the experience was fundamental to the forging of national, family and personal identities. Society called upon parents to transmit prized values across generations and this study explores how this was achieved. All in all, raising children needed more than two parents. At all levels of society, household and kinship ties were drawn upon to lighten the labours of parenting and this book reveals how crucial grandparents, aunts, uncles and servants were to raising children. It also discusses the ways in which parenting adapted across the life‐course, changed by the transitions of ageing, marriage and family, adversity and crisis, and death and memory.Less
This book is about the world of parenting and parenthood in the Georgian era. It navigates recent ‘turns’ towards emotions, subjectivity, memory, the body and materiality. This approach reveals the profound emotions provoked by motherhood and fatherhood and the labour and hard work it entailed. Such parental investment meant that the experience was fundamental to the forging of national, family and personal identities. Society called upon parents to transmit prized values across generations and this study explores how this was achieved. All in all, raising children needed more than two parents. At all levels of society, household and kinship ties were drawn upon to lighten the labours of parenting and this book reveals how crucial grandparents, aunts, uncles and servants were to raising children. It also discusses the ways in which parenting adapted across the life‐course, changed by the transitions of ageing, marriage and family, adversity and crisis, and death and memory.
Peter Widdicombe
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199242481
- eISBN:
- 9780191697111
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199242481.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
The fatherhood of God has a central, if increasingly controversial, place in Christian thinking about God. Yet although Christians have referred to God as Father from the earliest days of the faith, ...
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The fatherhood of God has a central, if increasingly controversial, place in Christian thinking about God. Yet although Christians have referred to God as Father from the earliest days of the faith, it was not until Athanasius in the 4th century that the idea of God as Father became a topic of sustained analysis. Looking at the genesis of Athanasius' understanding of divine fatherhood against the background of the Alexandrian tradition, the author of this book demonstrates how the concept came to occupy such a prominent place in Christian theology. He argues that there is a continuity in the Alexandrian tradition that runs from Origen to Athanasius, and shows how in the detail of their language and in the structure of their arguments, the 3rd and 4th century Alexandrians drew on Origen's portrayal of God as Father. For Origen, the fatherhood of God lay at the heart of the Christian faith: to know God fully and thus to be saved is to know God as Father. For Athanasius, the fatherhood of God was integral to the defence of the divinity of the Son against the Arian challenge: Fatherhood identified God as the loving and fruitful source of all things and as the one who has sought to meet us in his Son Jesus Christ. Arius, however, was an important exception, and for him it was logically possible to refer to God without calling him Father.Less
The fatherhood of God has a central, if increasingly controversial, place in Christian thinking about God. Yet although Christians have referred to God as Father from the earliest days of the faith, it was not until Athanasius in the 4th century that the idea of God as Father became a topic of sustained analysis. Looking at the genesis of Athanasius' understanding of divine fatherhood against the background of the Alexandrian tradition, the author of this book demonstrates how the concept came to occupy such a prominent place in Christian theology. He argues that there is a continuity in the Alexandrian tradition that runs from Origen to Athanasius, and shows how in the detail of their language and in the structure of their arguments, the 3rd and 4th century Alexandrians drew on Origen's portrayal of God as Father. For Origen, the fatherhood of God lay at the heart of the Christian faith: to know God fully and thus to be saved is to know God as Father. For Athanasius, the fatherhood of God was integral to the defence of the divinity of the Son against the Arian challenge: Fatherhood identified God as the loving and fruitful source of all things and as the one who has sought to meet us in his Son Jesus Christ. Arius, however, was an important exception, and for him it was logically possible to refer to God without calling him Father.
Peter Widdicombe
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199242481
- eISBN:
- 9780191697111
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199242481.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This introductory chapter sets out the purpose of the book, which is to examine the genesis of Athanasius' theology of God as Father and to analyse its structure against the background of the ...
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This introductory chapter sets out the purpose of the book, which is to examine the genesis of Athanasius' theology of God as Father and to analyse its structure against the background of the Alexandrian tradition. It is important to recognize that Athanasius was not the first Alexandrian to write about the divine fatherhood. He was writing within the context of an Alexandrian tradition of reflection on the fatherhood of God, a tradition in which the terms Father and Son were the determinative metaphors for theological discussion. The book also demonstrates that Origen believed that the affirmation God is Father lay at the heart of the Christian faith.Less
This introductory chapter sets out the purpose of the book, which is to examine the genesis of Athanasius' theology of God as Father and to analyse its structure against the background of the Alexandrian tradition. It is important to recognize that Athanasius was not the first Alexandrian to write about the divine fatherhood. He was writing within the context of an Alexandrian tradition of reflection on the fatherhood of God, a tradition in which the terms Father and Son were the determinative metaphors for theological discussion. The book also demonstrates that Origen believed that the affirmation God is Father lay at the heart of the Christian faith.
Patricia Crawford
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199204809
- eISBN:
- 9780191709517
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199204809.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Social History
This book studies the mothers and fathers of poor children in the England of the early modern and early industrial period. Although we know a good deal about the family life of monarchs in this ...
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This book studies the mothers and fathers of poor children in the England of the early modern and early industrial period. Although we know a good deal about the family life of monarchs in this period, much less is known about what life was like for poor single mothers, or for ordinary people who were trying to bring up their children. What were poor mothers and fathers trying to achieve, and what support did they have from their society, especially from the welfare system? This book attempts to answer these important questions, in order to illuminate the experience of parenting at this time from the perspective of the poor, a group who have naturally left little in the way of literary testimony. In doing this, it draws upon a wide range of archival material, including quarter session records, petitions for assistance, applications for places in the London Foundling Hospital, and evidence from criminal trials in London's Old Bailey. England in this period had a developing system of welfare, unique in Europe, by which parish rates were collected and administered to those deemed worthy of relief. The ‘civic fathers’ who administered this welfare drew upon a code of fatherhood framed in the Elizabethan period, by which a patriarch took responsibility for maintaining and exercising authority over wives and children. This code of family conduct was the product of a material world completely alien to that which the poor inhabited. Parents of the poor were different from those of middling and elite status. Poverty, not property, dictated their relationships with their children. Poor families were frequently broken by death. Fathers were frequently absent, and mothers had to rear their children with whatever forms of relief they could find.Less
This book studies the mothers and fathers of poor children in the England of the early modern and early industrial period. Although we know a good deal about the family life of monarchs in this period, much less is known about what life was like for poor single mothers, or for ordinary people who were trying to bring up their children. What were poor mothers and fathers trying to achieve, and what support did they have from their society, especially from the welfare system? This book attempts to answer these important questions, in order to illuminate the experience of parenting at this time from the perspective of the poor, a group who have naturally left little in the way of literary testimony. In doing this, it draws upon a wide range of archival material, including quarter session records, petitions for assistance, applications for places in the London Foundling Hospital, and evidence from criminal trials in London's Old Bailey. England in this period had a developing system of welfare, unique in Europe, by which parish rates were collected and administered to those deemed worthy of relief. The ‘civic fathers’ who administered this welfare drew upon a code of fatherhood framed in the Elizabethan period, by which a patriarch took responsibility for maintaining and exercising authority over wives and children. This code of family conduct was the product of a material world completely alien to that which the poor inhabited. Parents of the poor were different from those of middling and elite status. Poverty, not property, dictated their relationships with their children. Poor families were frequently broken by death. Fathers were frequently absent, and mothers had to rear their children with whatever forms of relief they could find.
Jürgen Martschukat
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781479892273
- eISBN:
- 9781479804740
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479892273.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This book explains the unbending ideal of the nuclear family and how it has seeped so deeply into American society and consciousness without ever becoming the actual norm for most people in the ...
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This book explains the unbending ideal of the nuclear family and how it has seeped so deeply into American society and consciousness without ever becoming the actual norm for most people in the nation. It presents the rich diversity of family lives in American history from the American Revolution to the twenty-first century and at the same time the persistence and normative power of the nuclear family model. American society—one of the major arguments—is “governed through the family,” and to govern, in this sense, is “to structure the possible field of action.” To make this broad examination of the discourse and practice of the family in American life more accessible, this book focuses on the relations of fathers, families, and society. Throughout American history “the father” has been posed as provider and moral leader of his family, American society, and the nation. At the same time power and difference were established around “the father,” and fatherhood meant many different things for different people. To tell this history of fatherhood, families, and American society, the author presents biographical “close-ups” of twelve iconic characters, embedded in contextual “long shots” so that readers can see the enduring power of the family and father ideals along with the complexity and varieties of everyday life in American history. Each protagonist covers a crucial period or event in American history, presents a different family constellation, and makes a different argument with regard to how American society is governed through the family.Less
This book explains the unbending ideal of the nuclear family and how it has seeped so deeply into American society and consciousness without ever becoming the actual norm for most people in the nation. It presents the rich diversity of family lives in American history from the American Revolution to the twenty-first century and at the same time the persistence and normative power of the nuclear family model. American society—one of the major arguments—is “governed through the family,” and to govern, in this sense, is “to structure the possible field of action.” To make this broad examination of the discourse and practice of the family in American life more accessible, this book focuses on the relations of fathers, families, and society. Throughout American history “the father” has been posed as provider and moral leader of his family, American society, and the nation. At the same time power and difference were established around “the father,” and fatherhood meant many different things for different people. To tell this history of fatherhood, families, and American society, the author presents biographical “close-ups” of twelve iconic characters, embedded in contextual “long shots” so that readers can see the enduring power of the family and father ideals along with the complexity and varieties of everyday life in American history. Each protagonist covers a crucial period or event in American history, presents a different family constellation, and makes a different argument with regard to how American society is governed through the family.
Patricia Crawford
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199204809
- eISBN:
- 9780191709517
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199204809.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Social History
The formulation and implementation of Poor Laws from the late Elizabethan period brought public fatherhood into poor families. ‘Civic fathers’ are men who undertook public roles as fathers of poor ...
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The formulation and implementation of Poor Laws from the late Elizabethan period brought public fatherhood into poor families. ‘Civic fathers’ are men who undertook public roles as fathers of poor children, substituting adequate fathers for inadequate or absent ones. This chapter examines the rhetoric and practices of civic fathers, who, in exercising their paternal authority and granting or withholding relief, reduced all the poor including adults to the state of childhood. Furthermore, the authority of these public fathers was applied not only to the poor in England, but to the indigenous inhabitants of Britain's empire.Less
The formulation and implementation of Poor Laws from the late Elizabethan period brought public fatherhood into poor families. ‘Civic fathers’ are men who undertook public roles as fathers of poor children, substituting adequate fathers for inadequate or absent ones. This chapter examines the rhetoric and practices of civic fathers, who, in exercising their paternal authority and granting or withholding relief, reduced all the poor including adults to the state of childhood. Furthermore, the authority of these public fathers was applied not only to the poor in England, but to the indigenous inhabitants of Britain's empire.
Brid Featherstone
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861349880
- eISBN:
- 9781447301974
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861349880.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Comparative and Historical Sociology
Since 1997, child-welfare services have been faced with new demands to engage fathers or develop father-inclusive services. This book emerges from work by the author as a researcher and educator over ...
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Since 1997, child-welfare services have been faced with new demands to engage fathers or develop father-inclusive services. This book emerges from work by the author as a researcher and educator over many years, on the issues posed by this agenda for child-welfare practitioners, in a variety of contexts. In locating fathers, fathering, and fatherhood within a historical and social landscape, it addresses issues seldom taken up in practice settings. The book explores diversity and complexity in fathering in different disciplines such as psychoanalysis, sociology, and psychology, and analyses contemporary developments in social policies and welfare practices. The author employs a feminist perspective to highlight the opportunities and dangers in contemporary developments for those wishing to advance gender equity. A key strength of the book is its inter-disciplinary focus.Less
Since 1997, child-welfare services have been faced with new demands to engage fathers or develop father-inclusive services. This book emerges from work by the author as a researcher and educator over many years, on the issues posed by this agenda for child-welfare practitioners, in a variety of contexts. In locating fathers, fathering, and fatherhood within a historical and social landscape, it addresses issues seldom taken up in practice settings. The book explores diversity and complexity in fathering in different disciplines such as psychoanalysis, sociology, and psychology, and analyses contemporary developments in social policies and welfare practices. The author employs a feminist perspective to highlight the opportunities and dangers in contemporary developments for those wishing to advance gender equity. A key strength of the book is its inter-disciplinary focus.
Philip A. Cowan, Carolyn Pape Cowan, Nancy Cohen, Marsha Kline Pruett, and Kyle Pruett
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195310122
- eISBN:
- 9780199865284
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195310122.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy, Children and Families
Although fathers' involvement is a critical factor in the well-being and development of children, today fathers are less involved than they used to be. This chapter looks at how fathers' positive ...
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Although fathers' involvement is a critical factor in the well-being and development of children, today fathers are less involved than they used to be. This chapter looks at how fathers' positive relationships with children foster their children's well-being, and what facilitates and interferes with such relationships. Reviewing the research on a range of programs that attempt to encourage responsible fatherhood, this chapter recommends a program approach based on a family systems model, which places the couple's relationship at the center of the intervention. To promote fathers' engagement, basic principles and strategies are identified for designing interventions, which address five central domains of a family systems model. In addition to its focus on the couple's relationship and co-parenting, the five domains of this model include building on men's strengths as individuals, promoting the quality of father-child relationships, bringing intergenerational relationships into the picture, and attending to stresses and supports outside the family.Less
Although fathers' involvement is a critical factor in the well-being and development of children, today fathers are less involved than they used to be. This chapter looks at how fathers' positive relationships with children foster their children's well-being, and what facilitates and interferes with such relationships. Reviewing the research on a range of programs that attempt to encourage responsible fatherhood, this chapter recommends a program approach based on a family systems model, which places the couple's relationship at the center of the intervention. To promote fathers' engagement, basic principles and strategies are identified for designing interventions, which address five central domains of a family systems model. In addition to its focus on the couple's relationship and co-parenting, the five domains of this model include building on men's strengths as individuals, promoting the quality of father-child relationships, bringing intergenerational relationships into the picture, and attending to stresses and supports outside the family.
Mary Ann Mason and Eve Mason Ekman
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195182675
- eISBN:
- 9780199944019
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182675.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
This chapter suggests that the decade between thirty and forty is when women today make the hardest choices: whether to seek a fast-track position after securing their degree; whether to have a ...
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This chapter suggests that the decade between thirty and forty is when women today make the hardest choices: whether to seek a fast-track position after securing their degree; whether to have a child; whether to stay on the fast track after having a child or to leave the race and find a less competitive role. They face new and formidable challenges, and there are rarely second chances if they opt out. This is also the decade when the career and family trajectories of men and women distinctly diverge. Many women leave the fast track during these years to accommodate motherhood, but few men do so for fatherhood. Men who remain on the fast track are more likely to have children than career women. In both work and family measures, men and women are no longer on an equal footing.Less
This chapter suggests that the decade between thirty and forty is when women today make the hardest choices: whether to seek a fast-track position after securing their degree; whether to have a child; whether to stay on the fast track after having a child or to leave the race and find a less competitive role. They face new and formidable challenges, and there are rarely second chances if they opt out. This is also the decade when the career and family trajectories of men and women distinctly diverge. Many women leave the fast track during these years to accommodate motherhood, but few men do so for fatherhood. Men who remain on the fast track are more likely to have children than career women. In both work and family measures, men and women are no longer on an equal footing.
David C. Geary
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195320510
- eISBN:
- 9780199786800
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195320510.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Why is fatherhood found at all in humans? This question is central to our understanding of men and families, because human fathers are a scientific riddle. This is because men's parenting is highly ...
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Why is fatherhood found at all in humans? This question is central to our understanding of men and families, because human fathers are a scientific riddle. This is because men's parenting is highly unusual when placed in the context of little, if any, male parenting in at least 95 percent of other mammalian species, including the two species most closely related to humans, that is, chimpanzees and bonobos. This chapter attempts to explain some aspects of this riddle and provides a wider perspective on human fatherhood, its evolution, and its expression in various social and cultural contexts. In the first section, the focus is on the cross-species patterns of male parenting or paternal investment and the implications for understanding the conditions that promote the evolution and proximate expression of this form of parenting. The second consists of an analysis of the evolution and expression of men's parenting.Less
Why is fatherhood found at all in humans? This question is central to our understanding of men and families, because human fathers are a scientific riddle. This is because men's parenting is highly unusual when placed in the context of little, if any, male parenting in at least 95 percent of other mammalian species, including the two species most closely related to humans, that is, chimpanzees and bonobos. This chapter attempts to explain some aspects of this riddle and provides a wider perspective on human fatherhood, its evolution, and its expression in various social and cultural contexts. In the first section, the focus is on the cross-species patterns of male parenting or paternal investment and the implications for understanding the conditions that promote the evolution and proximate expression of this form of parenting. The second consists of an analysis of the evolution and expression of men's parenting.
Sarah M. S. Pearsall
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199532995
- eISBN:
- 9780191714443
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199532995.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter investigates a scandal in a family, examining why a cuckolded ‘old husband,’ a rich West Indian planter, was willing to offer forgiveness to his adulterous wife (who had slept with her ...
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This chapter investigates a scandal in a family, examining why a cuckolded ‘old husband,’ a rich West Indian planter, was willing to offer forgiveness to his adulterous wife (who had slept with her own stepson-in-law, an Anglican clergyman). It raises issues about the lives of families divided between Jamaica and England, focusing on their wealth, ambitions, and sexuality, and the complicated ways in which distance between family members created both crises and the solutions to them. It also exposes how a man defined good fatherhood. The chapter scrutinizes white women's and even slaves' abilities to deploy eloquent sensibility, and the limits of this language. It also traces how Atlantic distance could both undermine and make possible ‘family feeling’.Less
This chapter investigates a scandal in a family, examining why a cuckolded ‘old husband,’ a rich West Indian planter, was willing to offer forgiveness to his adulterous wife (who had slept with her own stepson-in-law, an Anglican clergyman). It raises issues about the lives of families divided between Jamaica and England, focusing on their wealth, ambitions, and sexuality, and the complicated ways in which distance between family members created both crises and the solutions to them. It also exposes how a man defined good fatherhood. The chapter scrutinizes white women's and even slaves' abilities to deploy eloquent sensibility, and the limits of this language. It also traces how Atlantic distance could both undermine and make possible ‘family feeling’.
Patsy Stoneman
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719074479
- eISBN:
- 9781781701188
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719074479.003.0011
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
Between Mary Barton and Wives and Daughters, Elizabeth Gaskell has shifted from public to private themes, from fatherhood to motherhood, and from a self-conscious use of Romantic or Biblical allusion ...
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Between Mary Barton and Wives and Daughters, Elizabeth Gaskell has shifted from public to private themes, from fatherhood to motherhood, and from a self-conscious use of Romantic or Biblical allusion to the language of family life. The change has been interpreted as her giving up the struggle for social reform, and becoming, in late middle age, gracefully ‘feminine’ and conformist. On the contrary, this book has shown that each of the earlier novels ‘tripped’ on the unfocused ‘woman question’, which in Wives and Daughters becomes the acknowledged subject of debate. The problematic status of Wives and Daughters as a ‘great’ novel, with nothing to account for its ‘greatness’ – no dramatic events, ‘major’ themes or revolutionary conclusions – is related to the minuteness of its effects, dictated by the small scale of women's daily lives, but also by the theories of realism.Less
Between Mary Barton and Wives and Daughters, Elizabeth Gaskell has shifted from public to private themes, from fatherhood to motherhood, and from a self-conscious use of Romantic or Biblical allusion to the language of family life. The change has been interpreted as her giving up the struggle for social reform, and becoming, in late middle age, gracefully ‘feminine’ and conformist. On the contrary, this book has shown that each of the earlier novels ‘tripped’ on the unfocused ‘woman question’, which in Wives and Daughters becomes the acknowledged subject of debate. The problematic status of Wives and Daughters as a ‘great’ novel, with nothing to account for its ‘greatness’ – no dramatic events, ‘major’ themes or revolutionary conclusions – is related to the minuteness of its effects, dictated by the small scale of women's daily lives, but also by the theories of realism.
Jürgen Martschukat
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781479892273
- eISBN:
- 9781479804740
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479892273.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, Social History
The brief concluding chapter wraps up the arguments made with regard to the politics of family and fatherhood in US history. It also connects the historical analyses of the past to the questions and ...
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The brief concluding chapter wraps up the arguments made with regard to the politics of family and fatherhood in US history. It also connects the historical analyses of the past to the questions and issues of the present and thereby comments on the importance of history writing for how we see the world today and how we live our life.Less
The brief concluding chapter wraps up the arguments made with regard to the politics of family and fatherhood in US history. It also connects the historical analyses of the past to the questions and issues of the present and thereby comments on the importance of history writing for how we see the world today and how we live our life.
Waldo E. Johnson (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195314366
- eISBN:
- 9780199865567
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195314366.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations, Health and Mental Health
African American males have never fared as poorly as they do currently on a number of social indicators. They are less likely to complete high school than their white male and female or African ...
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African American males have never fared as poorly as they do currently on a number of social indicators. They are less likely to complete high school than their white male and female or African American female peers, are more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms, and they have fewer sanctioned coping-strategies. Arguably, no other group in American society has been more maligned, regularly faced with tremendous odds that uniquely threaten their existence. When they do receive education, mental health, and physical health services, it is often in correctional settings. They are marginalized in public policies on secondary and higher education attainment, marriage and parental expectations, public welfare, health, housing, and community development. Yet they remain overlooked in health and social science research and are stereotyped in the popular media. Taking a step back from the traditionally myopic view of African American males as criminals and hustlers, this book provides a more nuanced and realistic portrait of their experiences in the world. The chapters offer a comprehensive overview of the social and economic data on black males to date and the significant issues that affect them from adolescence to adulthood. Via in-depth qualitative interviews as well as comprehensive surveys and data sets, their physical, mental, and spiritual health and emerging family roles are considered within both individual and communal contexts. Chapters cover health issues such as HIV and depression; fatherhood and family roles; suicide; violence; academic achievement; and incarceration.Less
African American males have never fared as poorly as they do currently on a number of social indicators. They are less likely to complete high school than their white male and female or African American female peers, are more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms, and they have fewer sanctioned coping-strategies. Arguably, no other group in American society has been more maligned, regularly faced with tremendous odds that uniquely threaten their existence. When they do receive education, mental health, and physical health services, it is often in correctional settings. They are marginalized in public policies on secondary and higher education attainment, marriage and parental expectations, public welfare, health, housing, and community development. Yet they remain overlooked in health and social science research and are stereotyped in the popular media. Taking a step back from the traditionally myopic view of African American males as criminals and hustlers, this book provides a more nuanced and realistic portrait of their experiences in the world. The chapters offer a comprehensive overview of the social and economic data on black males to date and the significant issues that affect them from adolescence to adulthood. Via in-depth qualitative interviews as well as comprehensive surveys and data sets, their physical, mental, and spiritual health and emerging family roles are considered within both individual and communal contexts. Chapters cover health issues such as HIV and depression; fatherhood and family roles; suicide; violence; academic achievement; and incarceration.
Joanne Bailey
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199565191
- eISBN:
- 9780191740664
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199565191.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Family History
This chapter discusses the ways in which parenthood was central to a number of Georgian societal and national concerns, such as population, consumption, and poverty. Commentators invoked parenthood ...
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This chapter discusses the ways in which parenthood was central to a number of Georgian societal and national concerns, such as population, consumption, and poverty. Commentators invoked parenthood as a means to ensure a strong, healthy nation and to produce a patriotic and stable society. Healthy parental bodies produced healthy children and morals were central to explanations for lack of health: worldly women and dissolute men produced unhealthy children or were sterile. Worldliness threatened morals, public spirit and masculinity, especially in times of national crisis. Fatherhood was a central metaphor for patriotism, political, and social stability. This was the case with representations of military men as fathers. The idealised rural labouring family also symbolised a stable social and gender order, and stimulated feeling and patriotism. Religion and charity were other key discourses by which parents were used to promote ideal social relationships, particularly those of nursing fathers and familial benevolence.Less
This chapter discusses the ways in which parenthood was central to a number of Georgian societal and national concerns, such as population, consumption, and poverty. Commentators invoked parenthood as a means to ensure a strong, healthy nation and to produce a patriotic and stable society. Healthy parental bodies produced healthy children and morals were central to explanations for lack of health: worldly women and dissolute men produced unhealthy children or were sterile. Worldliness threatened morals, public spirit and masculinity, especially in times of national crisis. Fatherhood was a central metaphor for patriotism, political, and social stability. This was the case with representations of military men as fathers. The idealised rural labouring family also symbolised a stable social and gender order, and stimulated feeling and patriotism. Religion and charity were other key discourses by which parents were used to promote ideal social relationships, particularly those of nursing fathers and familial benevolence.
Constance M. Dallas and Karen Kavanaugh
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195314366
- eISBN:
- 9780199865567
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195314366.003.0002
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations, Health and Mental Health
This chapter describes ideal and expected fatherhood behavior during pregnancy from the perspectives of unmarried, low-income, African American adolescent expectant fathers. It is important to know ...
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This chapter describes ideal and expected fatherhood behavior during pregnancy from the perspectives of unmarried, low-income, African American adolescent expectant fathers. It is important to know what these young fathers expect from themselves and how they view their role during the prenatal period, because these fathers are often a significant source of support for adolescent mothers. Johnson (2001) reported that despite high levels of involvement during pregnancy, unwed nonresidential fathers have weaker intentions for future involvement with their children and commitment to fatherhood. The chapter contributes to knowledge of the intentions of unwed nonresidential adolescent fathers to provide emotional support, care, and economic support for their children and the mothers of their children.Less
This chapter describes ideal and expected fatherhood behavior during pregnancy from the perspectives of unmarried, low-income, African American adolescent expectant fathers. It is important to know what these young fathers expect from themselves and how they view their role during the prenatal period, because these fathers are often a significant source of support for adolescent mothers. Johnson (2001) reported that despite high levels of involvement during pregnancy, unwed nonresidential fathers have weaker intentions for future involvement with their children and commitment to fatherhood. The chapter contributes to knowledge of the intentions of unwed nonresidential adolescent fathers to provide emotional support, care, and economic support for their children and the mothers of their children.
Kevin M. Roy, Omari L. Dyson, and Ja-Nee Jackson
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195314366
- eISBN:
- 9780199865567
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195314366.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations, Health and Mental Health
This chapter explores men's perceptions of a vital relationship in their lives: the one they have with their own mothers. It examines how men are socialized at early ages into parenting behavior, and ...
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This chapter explores men's perceptions of a vital relationship in their lives: the one they have with their own mothers. It examines how men are socialized at early ages into parenting behavior, and the roles that their mothers play in “teaching” them to be fathers. It addresses: unfolding reciprocity between aging mothers and their adult sons, with a focus on shared residency and household responsibilities; kin work, through care offered by paternal grandmothers, which helps to secure involvement of nonresidential fathers; and exchange of financial, emotional, and social support. The chapter concludes with implications for family policies, and work with African American fathers in community-based programs and interventions.Less
This chapter explores men's perceptions of a vital relationship in their lives: the one they have with their own mothers. It examines how men are socialized at early ages into parenting behavior, and the roles that their mothers play in “teaching” them to be fathers. It addresses: unfolding reciprocity between aging mothers and their adult sons, with a focus on shared residency and household responsibilities; kin work, through care offered by paternal grandmothers, which helps to secure involvement of nonresidential fathers; and exchange of financial, emotional, and social support. The chapter concludes with implications for family policies, and work with African American fathers in community-based programs and interventions.
Henry French and Mark Rothery
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199576692
- eISBN:
- 9780191738852
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199576692.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Social History
Chapter Four focuses on the role and perceptions of adults (particularly fathers) in shaping, adapting, and projecting societal stereotypes about appropriate masculine values. The chapter stresses ...
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Chapter Four focuses on the role and perceptions of adults (particularly fathers) in shaping, adapting, and projecting societal stereotypes about appropriate masculine values. The chapter stresses that intergenerational conflicts over values were often muted or sublimated, because of the range of control mechanisms available to families, not least threats of dispossession of the family patrimony. The chapter argues that societal norms and stereotypes were often understood through Gentry families, and often by reference to their dynastic identities and traditions. As a result, it stresses the importance of this context in understanding how wider cultural norms or stereotypes might be received and articulated among this social segment, and the fact that this process was often more complex than is suggested within existing models of the cultural transmission of masculine values.Less
Chapter Four focuses on the role and perceptions of adults (particularly fathers) in shaping, adapting, and projecting societal stereotypes about appropriate masculine values. The chapter stresses that intergenerational conflicts over values were often muted or sublimated, because of the range of control mechanisms available to families, not least threats of dispossession of the family patrimony. The chapter argues that societal norms and stereotypes were often understood through Gentry families, and often by reference to their dynastic identities and traditions. As a result, it stresses the importance of this context in understanding how wider cultural norms or stereotypes might be received and articulated among this social segment, and the fact that this process was often more complex than is suggested within existing models of the cultural transmission of masculine values.
Jeffrey L. Edleson and Oliver J. Williams
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195309034
- eISBN:
- 9780199863877
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195309034.003.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Crime and Justice
This introductory chapter begins with an overview of the subsequent chapters in this book. It then discusses growing movement in North America to engage fathers and to maximize their participation in ...
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This introductory chapter begins with an overview of the subsequent chapters in this book. It then discusses growing movement in North America to engage fathers and to maximize their participation in their children's daily lives; and the lack of research on fathering and domestic violence.Less
This introductory chapter begins with an overview of the subsequent chapters in this book. It then discusses growing movement in North America to engage fathers and to maximize their participation in their children's daily lives; and the lack of research on fathering and domestic violence.
Katreena L. Scott, Karen J. Francis, Claire V. Crooks, Michelle Paddon, and David A. Wolfe
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195309034
- eISBN:
- 9780199863877
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195309034.003.0006
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Crime and Justice
Caring Dads is one program developed to better meet the safety and security needs of children and their mothers by providing intervention for fathers who have perpetrated violence in their families. ...
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Caring Dads is one program developed to better meet the safety and security needs of children and their mothers by providing intervention for fathers who have perpetrated violence in their families. This chapter draws on experiences with the Caring Dads program to describe issues that arise in designing and providing intervention with fathers who have abused their children and/or intimate partners and to outline a series of guidelines for program accountability. Due to the importance of child and woman safety and the complexity of multisystem involvement, the delivery of a program like Caring Dads requires a high level of program accountability.Less
Caring Dads is one program developed to better meet the safety and security needs of children and their mothers by providing intervention for fathers who have perpetrated violence in their families. This chapter draws on experiences with the Caring Dads program to describe issues that arise in designing and providing intervention with fathers who have abused their children and/or intimate partners and to outline a series of guidelines for program accountability. Due to the importance of child and woman safety and the complexity of multisystem involvement, the delivery of a program like Caring Dads requires a high level of program accountability.
