Zain Abdullah
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195314250
- eISBN:
- 9780199871797
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195314250.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Family is at the center of both African Muslim community life in New York City and Harlem society, and this chapter explores a number of issues related to it. But what family means to each group ...
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Family is at the center of both African Muslim community life in New York City and Harlem society, and this chapter explores a number of issues related to it. But what family means to each group might differ in particular contexts and overlap in others. In today’s world, the secularization of sex and marriage, which reflects the blurring of the line between formal and informal unions, has had an impact on African Muslims seeking to maintain more traditional marital arrangements, while others look for more flexibility regarding their sexuality. Far away from the familial networks of their home countries, questions about cross-cultural marriage, polygyny, or homosexuality require new answers. In the New York arena, some find themselves becoming marriage guardians, assisting their fellows with mate selection, and others become fictive relatives for local residents, expanding the notion of extended family.Less
Family is at the center of both African Muslim community life in New York City and Harlem society, and this chapter explores a number of issues related to it. But what family means to each group might differ in particular contexts and overlap in others. In today’s world, the secularization of sex and marriage, which reflects the blurring of the line between formal and informal unions, has had an impact on African Muslims seeking to maintain more traditional marital arrangements, while others look for more flexibility regarding their sexuality. Far away from the familial networks of their home countries, questions about cross-cultural marriage, polygyny, or homosexuality require new answers. In the New York arena, some find themselves becoming marriage guardians, assisting their fellows with mate selection, and others become fictive relatives for local residents, expanding the notion of extended family.
Sudhir Kakar
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198077152
- eISBN:
- 9780199081103
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198077152.003.0019
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter tries to identify the central psychological themes in Indian infancy and childhood and to interpret the long shadow they cast on the horizons of individual and cultural consciousness. It ...
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This chapter tries to identify the central psychological themes in Indian infancy and childhood and to interpret the long shadow they cast on the horizons of individual and cultural consciousness. It considers the psycho-social outcomes of the traditional form of family organization in India: the extended family. The extended family is, in one sense, a large group, its members engaged in the manifold activities necessary to maintain the group as a cohesive, co-operative unit, to enable its survival and promote the collective welfare of its members and to protect it from the incursions of the outside world. The period of childhood, the next step in the evolution of Indian identity, can only be interpreted in the context of the family relationships within which it occurs.Less
This chapter tries to identify the central psychological themes in Indian infancy and childhood and to interpret the long shadow they cast on the horizons of individual and cultural consciousness. It considers the psycho-social outcomes of the traditional form of family organization in India: the extended family. The extended family is, in one sense, a large group, its members engaged in the manifold activities necessary to maintain the group as a cohesive, co-operative unit, to enable its survival and promote the collective welfare of its members and to protect it from the incursions of the outside world. The period of childhood, the next step in the evolution of Indian identity, can only be interpreted in the context of the family relationships within which it occurs.
Jody Heymann
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195156591
- eISBN:
- 9780199943333
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195156591.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
This chapter examines the experiences of families raising children from birth through preschool in Latin America, Asia, Europe, and North America. It reports findings from in-depth studies of more ...
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This chapter examines the experiences of families raising children from birth through preschool in Latin America, Asia, Europe, and North America. It reports findings from in-depth studies of more than 1,000 parents, childcare providers, and employers. When parents of preschool children used informal care provided by children and youths, their young children were more likely to experience accidents or emergencies while the parents worked. Parents who were unable to find or afford adequate childcare often brought their children to work—even when they were aware that their work environments were perilous—because they lacked any other alternative. When families used formal childcare, their children were less likely to develop behavioral or academic difficulties than when they used informal childcare. While in theory, care provided by adults in informal care settings could be of equal quality to formal settings, this was not the common experience of most parents, especially low-income families.Less
This chapter examines the experiences of families raising children from birth through preschool in Latin America, Asia, Europe, and North America. It reports findings from in-depth studies of more than 1,000 parents, childcare providers, and employers. When parents of preschool children used informal care provided by children and youths, their young children were more likely to experience accidents or emergencies while the parents worked. Parents who were unable to find or afford adequate childcare often brought their children to work—even when they were aware that their work environments were perilous—because they lacked any other alternative. When families used formal childcare, their children were less likely to develop behavioral or academic difficulties than when they used informal childcare. While in theory, care provided by adults in informal care settings could be of equal quality to formal settings, this was not the common experience of most parents, especially low-income families.
Joseph B. Richardson
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195314366
- eISBN:
- 9780199865567
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195314366.003.0005
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations, Health and Mental Health
This chapter examines the role of nonbiological fathers, specifically the African American “uncle” as a vital but often overlooked source of social support in the lives of African American male ...
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This chapter examines the role of nonbiological fathers, specifically the African American “uncle” as a vital but often overlooked source of social support in the lives of African American male youth. It explores the relationships between men in extended familial networks (uncles), single-female-headed households, and at-risk male youth. It highlights the significant functions of these relationships such as trustworthiness, social obligations/expectations, reciprocity, information channels, and the social norms that men within these relationships provide to single-female households and at-risk youth to foster prosocial youth behavior and successful adolescent male development. All of these factors are significant determinants of social capital.Less
This chapter examines the role of nonbiological fathers, specifically the African American “uncle” as a vital but often overlooked source of social support in the lives of African American male youth. It explores the relationships between men in extended familial networks (uncles), single-female-headed households, and at-risk male youth. It highlights the significant functions of these relationships such as trustworthiness, social obligations/expectations, reciprocity, information channels, and the social norms that men within these relationships provide to single-female households and at-risk youth to foster prosocial youth behavior and successful adolescent male development. All of these factors are significant determinants of social capital.
Lewis V. Baldwin
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195380316
- eISBN:
- 9780199869299
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195380316.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Martin Luther King, Jr.s upbringing in the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia, in the 1930s and ’40s is treated, with some focus on how “the Ebenezer tradition” and the larger African ...
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Martin Luther King, Jr.s upbringing in the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia, in the 1930s and ’40s is treated, with some focus on how “the Ebenezer tradition” and the larger African American church culture in Atlanta and the South impacted his growing understanding of and vision for the Christian church as a whole, from his childhood to his adult years. As the son and grandson of Ebenezer pastors and of pious women who were an active presence in that congregation for generations, King is pictured as one who always attached great significance to the church and church-related concerns. His early sense of the church as “a second home,” as extended family, as the fountainhead of culture, as a refuge, as educational center, as custodian of a deep and vital spirituality, and as a benchmark for congregational activism is underscored. The chapter concludes with attention to King’s struggle to negotiate the boundaries between the Christian fundamentalism to which he was exposed at Ebenezer and the theological liberalism he studied as a student at Morehouse College, Crozer Theological Seminary, and Boston University.Less
Martin Luther King, Jr.s upbringing in the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia, in the 1930s and ’40s is treated, with some focus on how “the Ebenezer tradition” and the larger African American church culture in Atlanta and the South impacted his growing understanding of and vision for the Christian church as a whole, from his childhood to his adult years. As the son and grandson of Ebenezer pastors and of pious women who were an active presence in that congregation for generations, King is pictured as one who always attached great significance to the church and church-related concerns. His early sense of the church as “a second home,” as extended family, as the fountainhead of culture, as a refuge, as educational center, as custodian of a deep and vital spirituality, and as a benchmark for congregational activism is underscored. The chapter concludes with attention to King’s struggle to negotiate the boundaries between the Christian fundamentalism to which he was exposed at Ebenezer and the theological liberalism he studied as a student at Morehouse College, Crozer Theological Seminary, and Boston University.
Brenda E. Stevenson
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195118032
- eISBN:
- 9780199853793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195118032.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
Interstate slave trade and the nature of a slave's work—be it in the plantation or for domestic duties—has greatly hindered the formation of social connections among these people. For the minority ...
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Interstate slave trade and the nature of a slave's work—be it in the plantation or for domestic duties—has greatly hindered the formation of social connections among these people. For the minority who were able to establish a nuclear family, the basic lack of rights over their own persons precluded any semblance of normal family life. Thus, several variations—extended nuclear families, single-parent groupings, same-sex groupings, single adolescents, and single or widowed elderly folk living alone—were formed. Another crucial factor in the disruption of the slaves' family is the law on “matrifocality” which mandated that the children of a slave woman take their mother's status, regardless of the father's color or condition. The same law ordered the courts to “banish forever” those men who intermarried with any woman of color and this served to institutionalize female slave's sexual degradation and to “commodify” their offspring.Less
Interstate slave trade and the nature of a slave's work—be it in the plantation or for domestic duties—has greatly hindered the formation of social connections among these people. For the minority who were able to establish a nuclear family, the basic lack of rights over their own persons precluded any semblance of normal family life. Thus, several variations—extended nuclear families, single-parent groupings, same-sex groupings, single adolescents, and single or widowed elderly folk living alone—were formed. Another crucial factor in the disruption of the slaves' family is the law on “matrifocality” which mandated that the children of a slave woman take their mother's status, regardless of the father's color or condition. The same law ordered the courts to “banish forever” those men who intermarried with any woman of color and this served to institutionalize female slave's sexual degradation and to “commodify” their offspring.
Mark Griffith
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199562329
- eISBN:
- 9780191724978
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562329.003.0010
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Greek tragedy, as Aristotle observes in the Poetics, is primarily about elite families and violence committed or threatened within these families. In this chapter, after discussing the evidence ...
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Greek tragedy, as Aristotle observes in the Poetics, is primarily about elite families and violence committed or threatened within these families. In this chapter, after discussing the evidence concerning local vs neolocal marriages (and endogamy vs exogamy) among elite Athenian families during the later fifth century, I go on to explore the ways in which extended family relationships, including inter-city marriages, other non-marital liaisons, and also xenia-relationships, are represented in Greek tragedy, concentrating on the plays of Sophocles and Euripides. I argue that, contrary to received scholarly opinion, Pericles' citizenship law of 451 BCE does not appear to have made a large impact on the marriage and inheritance patterns or long-distance alliances of Athenian (and non-Athenian) elites, and that the plays of this period exhibit a wide range of behaviors and attitudes, not radically dissimilar to those of the earlier period. For the most part, even while dynastic disputes, marital betrayals, and family violence frequently cause tragic conflict and suffering, threatening the stability of the polis, the plays seem at the same time mostly to reflect elite confidence in the effectiveness of extended family arrangements as a means of resolving both dynastic and political problems. My discussion focuses especially on Euripides' Orestes, and constitutes in many respects a ‘sequel’ to my 1995 article on Aeschylus' Oresteia, ‘Brilliant Dynasts’.Less
Greek tragedy, as Aristotle observes in the Poetics, is primarily about elite families and violence committed or threatened within these families. In this chapter, after discussing the evidence concerning local vs neolocal marriages (and endogamy vs exogamy) among elite Athenian families during the later fifth century, I go on to explore the ways in which extended family relationships, including inter-city marriages, other non-marital liaisons, and also xenia-relationships, are represented in Greek tragedy, concentrating on the plays of Sophocles and Euripides. I argue that, contrary to received scholarly opinion, Pericles' citizenship law of 451 BCE does not appear to have made a large impact on the marriage and inheritance patterns or long-distance alliances of Athenian (and non-Athenian) elites, and that the plays of this period exhibit a wide range of behaviors and attitudes, not radically dissimilar to those of the earlier period. For the most part, even while dynastic disputes, marital betrayals, and family violence frequently cause tragic conflict and suffering, threatening the stability of the polis, the plays seem at the same time mostly to reflect elite confidence in the effectiveness of extended family arrangements as a means of resolving both dynastic and political problems. My discussion focuses especially on Euripides' Orestes, and constitutes in many respects a ‘sequel’ to my 1995 article on Aeschylus' Oresteia, ‘Brilliant Dynasts’.
Raaj K. Sah and Joseph E. Stiglitz
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199253579
- eISBN:
- 9780191601682
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199253579.003.0008
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
The effects are analysed of goods pricing and taxation policies on the distribution of welfare and real incomes (wages) of diverse individuals within the rural sector. It is then shown how the ...
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The effects are analysed of goods pricing and taxation policies on the distribution of welfare and real incomes (wages) of diverse individuals within the rural sector. It is then shown how the analysis can be expanded to incorporate specific institutions (the examples used are extended-family farming, share-cropping, and plantations), and rigidities (leading, for instance, to unemployment in the rural sector) that might be important in particular less developed countries (LDCs.)Less
The effects are analysed of goods pricing and taxation policies on the distribution of welfare and real incomes (wages) of diverse individuals within the rural sector. It is then shown how the analysis can be expanded to incorporate specific institutions (the examples used are extended-family farming, share-cropping, and plantations), and rigidities (leading, for instance, to unemployment in the rural sector) that might be important in particular less developed countries (LDCs.)
Jan Luiten
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- March 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190847883
- eISBN:
- 9780190847913
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190847883.003.0007
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter addresses several issues, all with the underlying intention of refining and reorienting the nuclear-hardship debate. There is a need for such reorientation, as several indicators show ...
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This chapter addresses several issues, all with the underlying intention of refining and reorienting the nuclear-hardship debate. There is a need for such reorientation, as several indicators show that the long-term outcome of this process toward a society built upon nuclear households has not led to more hardship; quite the contrary. Nor would it be fair to claim that this outcome has to be entirely due to top-down provisions, and then in particular, to charity. In this chapter the authors stress the institutional diversity of the solutions for hardship and focus on one particular group in society, namely the elderly. They demonstrate that the elderly had more “agency” than is usually expected and that a combination of institutional arrangements in addition to the top-down provisions granted the elderly more options to deal with the supposed hardship of growing old in a nuclear family structure.Less
This chapter addresses several issues, all with the underlying intention of refining and reorienting the nuclear-hardship debate. There is a need for such reorientation, as several indicators show that the long-term outcome of this process toward a society built upon nuclear households has not led to more hardship; quite the contrary. Nor would it be fair to claim that this outcome has to be entirely due to top-down provisions, and then in particular, to charity. In this chapter the authors stress the institutional diversity of the solutions for hardship and focus on one particular group in society, namely the elderly. They demonstrate that the elderly had more “agency” than is usually expected and that a combination of institutional arrangements in addition to the top-down provisions granted the elderly more options to deal with the supposed hardship of growing old in a nuclear family structure.
Barbara Bennett Woodhouse
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780814794845
- eISBN:
- 9780814784655
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814794845.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Comparative Law
Chapter six explores the relationship between declining birth rates and family supportive policies. Research on the social construction of parenthood shows that Italians continue to desire children ...
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Chapter six explores the relationship between declining birth rates and family supportive policies. Research on the social construction of parenthood shows that Italians continue to desire children and see parenthood as an important and fulfilling role. Disincentives to childbearing include economic insecurity, escalating costs of childrearing, and insufficient funding of family supportive policies. Rather than avoiding parental responsibility, fathers are increasingly involved in childrearing and grandparents and extended family provide significant caregiving support. The author’s field observations in the village of Scanno confirm the positive involvement of fathers, extended family, and the community in childrearing. The principle of duty on the part of government to protect and support families is embedded in the Italian Constitution, so there is broad support for policies such as universal healthcare, paid parenting leave, subsidized day care and early childhood education, and cash subsidies for families raising children. In the United States, traditions favouring individualism and assigning responsibility for childrearing to the private family have blocked the development of universal, family-supportive policies. Despite its wealth, the U.S. lags far behind peer nations in providing public support during early childhood, exacerbating inequalities between rich and poor children.Less
Chapter six explores the relationship between declining birth rates and family supportive policies. Research on the social construction of parenthood shows that Italians continue to desire children and see parenthood as an important and fulfilling role. Disincentives to childbearing include economic insecurity, escalating costs of childrearing, and insufficient funding of family supportive policies. Rather than avoiding parental responsibility, fathers are increasingly involved in childrearing and grandparents and extended family provide significant caregiving support. The author’s field observations in the village of Scanno confirm the positive involvement of fathers, extended family, and the community in childrearing. The principle of duty on the part of government to protect and support families is embedded in the Italian Constitution, so there is broad support for policies such as universal healthcare, paid parenting leave, subsidized day care and early childhood education, and cash subsidies for families raising children. In the United States, traditions favouring individualism and assigning responsibility for childrearing to the private family have blocked the development of universal, family-supportive policies. Despite its wealth, the U.S. lags far behind peer nations in providing public support during early childhood, exacerbating inequalities between rich and poor children.
John Demos
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195128901
- eISBN:
- 9780199853960
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195128901.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter examines the typical membership of a colonial family in Plymouth Colony. It suggests that small and essentially nuclear families were standard during this period, contrary to the widely ...
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This chapter examines the typical membership of a colonial family in Plymouth Colony. It suggests that small and essentially nuclear families were standard during this period, contrary to the widely held belief that the norm was some sort of extended family, with a variety of kinship connections, all gathered under one roof. An analysis of the 1689 census reveals that a typical household usually had four to six members consisting of head-of-household, wife, children, and servant.Less
This chapter examines the typical membership of a colonial family in Plymouth Colony. It suggests that small and essentially nuclear families were standard during this period, contrary to the widely held belief that the norm was some sort of extended family, with a variety of kinship connections, all gathered under one roof. An analysis of the 1689 census reveals that a typical household usually had four to six members consisting of head-of-household, wife, children, and servant.
Marianne Holm Pedersen
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780719089589
- eISBN:
- 9781781706930
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719089589.003.0004
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
This chapter analyses Iraqi women’s celebration of ‘Id al-fitr in order to explore the possibilities and difficulties of reconstructing religious ritual in a new social setting. For Iraqi families, ...
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This chapter analyses Iraqi women’s celebration of ‘Id al-fitr in order to explore the possibilities and difficulties of reconstructing religious ritual in a new social setting. For Iraqi families, ‘Id al-fitr comes to symbolize the ways in which they do not belong in Denmark, partly because the holiday is not officially recognised, and partly because they miss the extended family and neighbours with whom they used to celebrate in Iraq. Yet, despite the fact that the ritual cannot be ‘properly’ reproduced in Denmark, its continued performance implicitly entails that families over time gain a sense of attachment to Copenhagen. The chapter ultimately takes issue with the widespread notion that the performance of traditions and religious rituals among migrants should be interpreted as a site of resistance to incorporation in local society.Less
This chapter analyses Iraqi women’s celebration of ‘Id al-fitr in order to explore the possibilities and difficulties of reconstructing religious ritual in a new social setting. For Iraqi families, ‘Id al-fitr comes to symbolize the ways in which they do not belong in Denmark, partly because the holiday is not officially recognised, and partly because they miss the extended family and neighbours with whom they used to celebrate in Iraq. Yet, despite the fact that the ritual cannot be ‘properly’ reproduced in Denmark, its continued performance implicitly entails that families over time gain a sense of attachment to Copenhagen. The chapter ultimately takes issue with the widespread notion that the performance of traditions and religious rituals among migrants should be interpreted as a site of resistance to incorporation in local society.
Ricardo Carrillo and Jerry Tello
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195309034
- eISBN:
- 9780199863877
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195309034.003.0008
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Crime and Justice
This chapter describes pioneering work with Latino men in California who batter. The chapter discusses efforts to reconnect these men to positive concepts of parenting and manhood which are ...
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This chapter describes pioneering work with Latino men in California who batter. The chapter discusses efforts to reconnect these men to positive concepts of parenting and manhood which are indigenous to Latino culture. Latino fathers have indicated that many public-welfare program requirements are at best confusing to them. In many cases, these programs create additional barriers to the fulfillment of Latino men's fatherhood responsibilities. For programs to fully understand essential values of the Latino population, it is imperative to explore the issues of cultural identity, language, the extended family system, immigration, the work ethic, self-sufficiency, and internalized oppression that impact the involvement of Latino fathers in their recovery process and their involvement with their children.Less
This chapter describes pioneering work with Latino men in California who batter. The chapter discusses efforts to reconnect these men to positive concepts of parenting and manhood which are indigenous to Latino culture. Latino fathers have indicated that many public-welfare program requirements are at best confusing to them. In many cases, these programs create additional barriers to the fulfillment of Latino men's fatherhood responsibilities. For programs to fully understand essential values of the Latino population, it is imperative to explore the issues of cultural identity, language, the extended family system, immigration, the work ethic, self-sufficiency, and internalized oppression that impact the involvement of Latino fathers in their recovery process and their involvement with their children.
Jenny Trinitapoli and Alexander Weinreb
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195335941
- eISBN:
- 9780199979080
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195335941.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Throughout most of sub-Saharan Africa, publicly funded social safety nets are weak or non-existent. Religious organizations are among the only social institutions, outside the extended family, with ...
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Throughout most of sub-Saharan Africa, publicly funded social safety nets are weak or non-existent. Religious organizations are among the only social institutions, outside the extended family, with the capacity to address community needs. This chapter looks at religious differences in contemporary caregiving in Africa, focusing on the provision of care for the sick and support for orphans. It documents how strong congregational care models combine longstanding religious traditions with preexisting extrafamilial support system and shows that such models of care are particularly strong within Christian traditions. In the arena of caregiving, distinct patterns across religious traditions are evident. Visiting sick members has become a distinctively Christian practice that is buoyed by local religious leaders. It is also positively associated with religiosity. Religious patterns in caring for the large number of orphans being left behind by AIDS-related adult mortality are less clear.Less
Throughout most of sub-Saharan Africa, publicly funded social safety nets are weak or non-existent. Religious organizations are among the only social institutions, outside the extended family, with the capacity to address community needs. This chapter looks at religious differences in contemporary caregiving in Africa, focusing on the provision of care for the sick and support for orphans. It documents how strong congregational care models combine longstanding religious traditions with preexisting extrafamilial support system and shows that such models of care are particularly strong within Christian traditions. In the arena of caregiving, distinct patterns across religious traditions are evident. Visiting sick members has become a distinctively Christian practice that is buoyed by local religious leaders. It is also positively associated with religiosity. Religious patterns in caring for the large number of orphans being left behind by AIDS-related adult mortality are less clear.
Allen Johnson
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520232419
- eISBN:
- 9780520936294
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520232419.003.0005
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Latin American Cultural Anthropology
This chapter focuses on Matsigenka Indian society and politics. It shows the remarkable extent to which their everyday lives and interactions focus on the hearth and homestead of the nuclear-family ...
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This chapter focuses on Matsigenka Indian society and politics. It shows the remarkable extent to which their everyday lives and interactions focus on the hearth and homestead of the nuclear-family household, even in cases of hamlet living and polygynous marriage. It explains that in a family level society, the everyday social world varies between periods of dispersed nuclear-family living and aggregation in extended-family camps or hamlets.Less
This chapter focuses on Matsigenka Indian society and politics. It shows the remarkable extent to which their everyday lives and interactions focus on the hearth and homestead of the nuclear-family household, even in cases of hamlet living and polygynous marriage. It explains that in a family level society, the everyday social world varies between periods of dispersed nuclear-family living and aggregation in extended-family camps or hamlets.
Nickie Charles, Charlotte Aull Davies, and Chris Harris
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861347893
- eISBN:
- 9781447302308
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861347893.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
This chapter describes how patterns of family formation and kin relationships have changed between 1960 and 2002, showing that there is more differentiation within families than there was in 1960 and ...
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This chapter describes how patterns of family formation and kin relationships have changed between 1960 and 2002, showing that there is more differentiation within families than there was in 1960 and that there is greater geographical mobility. Despite this, there are still very high levels of contact between members of families living in different households and there is little evidence of disembedding processes except among the most geographically mobile section of the middle class. The discussion looks at extended family networks, the extent to which they form kin groups, and their increased heterogeneity in terms of residence and occupation.Less
This chapter describes how patterns of family formation and kin relationships have changed between 1960 and 2002, showing that there is more differentiation within families than there was in 1960 and that there is greater geographical mobility. Despite this, there are still very high levels of contact between members of families living in different households and there is little evidence of disembedding processes except among the most geographically mobile section of the middle class. The discussion looks at extended family networks, the extent to which they form kin groups, and their increased heterogeneity in terms of residence and occupation.
Jane Gray, Ruth Geraghty, and David Ralph
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719091513
- eISBN:
- 9781526109972
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719091513.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
This chapter describes how both sociological and lay understandings of family change have been informed by the belief that modern families are fundamentally different from traditional families. It ...
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This chapter describes how both sociological and lay understandings of family change have been informed by the belief that modern families are fundamentally different from traditional families. It reveals the origins of this idea in nineteenth century evolutionary thinking and shows how it was developed by twentieth century sociologists. The chapter introduces some of the iconic studies on Irish families from this period and evaluates them in light of recent scholarship. It describes how qualitative research on contemporary families and new findings on historical households, together with the growing influence of feminism, prompted the development of more critical perspectives in the second half of the twentieth century. The chapter introduces some of the concepts and theories that are essential for understanding family change, including kinship and family systems and the demographic transition.Less
This chapter describes how both sociological and lay understandings of family change have been informed by the belief that modern families are fundamentally different from traditional families. It reveals the origins of this idea in nineteenth century evolutionary thinking and shows how it was developed by twentieth century sociologists. The chapter introduces some of the iconic studies on Irish families from this period and evaluates them in light of recent scholarship. It describes how qualitative research on contemporary families and new findings on historical households, together with the growing influence of feminism, prompted the development of more critical perspectives in the second half of the twentieth century. The chapter introduces some of the concepts and theories that are essential for understanding family change, including kinship and family systems and the demographic transition.
John Demos
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195128901
- eISBN:
- 9780199853960
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195128901.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter examines extended family, or wider-kin, connections in Plymouth Colony. Though Plymouth households were basically nuclear in structure, the sources from the period show a considerable ...
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This chapter examines extended family, or wider-kin, connections in Plymouth Colony. Though Plymouth households were basically nuclear in structure, the sources from the period show a considerable degree of interconnection among kin. These include the matter of physical contiguity, particularly the possibility that neighbors in the Old Colony Towns were often related as parents and children, or as siblings or cousins.Less
This chapter examines extended family, or wider-kin, connections in Plymouth Colony. Though Plymouth households were basically nuclear in structure, the sources from the period show a considerable degree of interconnection among kin. These include the matter of physical contiguity, particularly the possibility that neighbors in the Old Colony Towns were often related as parents and children, or as siblings or cousins.
Erica Lorraine Williams
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780252042027
- eISBN:
- 9780252050763
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252042027.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter explores Niara Sudarkasa’s trajectory as a scholar, activist, and higher education administrator. Born in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, and educated at Fisk University, Oberlin College, and ...
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This chapter explores Niara Sudarkasa’s trajectory as a scholar, activist, and higher education administrator. Born in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, and educated at Fisk University, Oberlin College, and Columbia University, Sudarkasa is an Africanist who conducted ethnographic fieldwork in Nigeria and other West African countries. She has made significant contributions to scholarship on feminist anthropology, African Studies, gender and migration, and extended families in the African diaspora. She also served as the president of Lincoln University.Less
This chapter explores Niara Sudarkasa’s trajectory as a scholar, activist, and higher education administrator. Born in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, and educated at Fisk University, Oberlin College, and Columbia University, Sudarkasa is an Africanist who conducted ethnographic fieldwork in Nigeria and other West African countries. She has made significant contributions to scholarship on feminist anthropology, African Studies, gender and migration, and extended families in the African diaspora. She also served as the president of Lincoln University.
Edward Jones
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199698707
- eISBN:
- 9780191740756
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199698707.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Milton Studies, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
Focused upon the first three decades of Milton's life, this essay considers both the known and little known and suggests the information gap marking these years might be improved. Based upon the ...
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Focused upon the first three decades of Milton's life, this essay considers both the known and little known and suggests the information gap marking these years might be improved. Based upon the assumption that an understanding of historical contexts must precede an assessment of Milton's early compositions, it accordingly assigns significance to setting (whether Milton composed in his rooms in Cambridge or in homes in London, Hammersmith, or Horton); resources (whether that writing involved access to his own books, those in libraries, or neither); and occasions (a death in the family, an observance of a religious holiday, a commission ensuing from a family connection, a visit to the university by a dignitary).Less
Focused upon the first three decades of Milton's life, this essay considers both the known and little known and suggests the information gap marking these years might be improved. Based upon the assumption that an understanding of historical contexts must precede an assessment of Milton's early compositions, it accordingly assigns significance to setting (whether Milton composed in his rooms in Cambridge or in homes in London, Hammersmith, or Horton); resources (whether that writing involved access to his own books, those in libraries, or neither); and occasions (a death in the family, an observance of a religious holiday, a commission ensuing from a family connection, a visit to the university by a dignitary).
