Michael S. Kogan
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195112597
- eISBN:
- 9780199872275
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195112597.003.0011
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
This chapter argues that the construction of a Jewish theology of Christianity can only be undertaken by those willing to move beyond the notion that religious truth is restricted to only one faith ...
More
This chapter argues that the construction of a Jewish theology of Christianity can only be undertaken by those willing to move beyond the notion that religious truth is restricted to only one faith tradition. But the openness to a wider truth that underlies that move must eventually — and sooner rather than later — lead us beyond the Jewish-Christian dialogue to a consideration of other religions: to Islam, the third of the Abrahamic faiths, and beyond, to religions outside this tripartite tradition. Thus, the underlying assumptions of the Jewish-Christian dialogue must open the participants to a full multifaith pluralism. This chapter outlines the structure of a possible pluralist theology of Judaism, hinting at the great promise of universal religious understanding and the hope for human fellowship that lies before us.Less
This chapter argues that the construction of a Jewish theology of Christianity can only be undertaken by those willing to move beyond the notion that religious truth is restricted to only one faith tradition. But the openness to a wider truth that underlies that move must eventually — and sooner rather than later — lead us beyond the Jewish-Christian dialogue to a consideration of other religions: to Islam, the third of the Abrahamic faiths, and beyond, to religions outside this tripartite tradition. Thus, the underlying assumptions of the Jewish-Christian dialogue must open the participants to a full multifaith pluralism. This chapter outlines the structure of a possible pluralist theology of Judaism, hinting at the great promise of universal religious understanding and the hope for human fellowship that lies before us.
Robert McKim
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199774029
- eISBN:
- 9780199932610
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199774029.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
This book explores some responses to religious diversity, with particular attention to attitudes that a member of a religious tradition might take to the beliefs and salvific prospects of outsiders. ...
More
This book explores some responses to religious diversity, with particular attention to attitudes that a member of a religious tradition might take to the beliefs and salvific prospects of outsiders. The book aims to provide deeper analyses of the familiar options of exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism than have previously been provided. Much attention is focused on the question of whether more than one religious tradition might give a correct account of reality. This is the issue of truth. There is also much attention to questions about salvation, or whatever the goal of a tradition may be, whether this is understood to consist in enlightenment, liberation from rebirth, moksha, samadhi, Nirvana, union with God, or something else. There is detailed examination of many positions, including inclusivism about truth and inclusivism about salvation. For example, we might think of inclusivism about truth as involving both the idea that others may be right about beliefs that we do not hold and an openness on our part to learning from them. Some versions of salvific inclusivism involve a single route to salvation and some involve multiple routes. But all versions contend that while salvation is available to outsiders, they are not as well situated with respect to salvation as are insiders. This might, for example, be because whatever salvific efficacy their tradition possesses is derived from the insider’s tradition. The religiously ambiguous nature of the human situation is treated at length. On account of this ambiguity, people with different perspectives on religious matters have their own bodies of evidence to which they can appeal, and each person can have access only to a small portion of the available evidence. Some responses to outsiders, such as curiosity about their views and avoiding judgment about their salvific status, are advocated in light of this ambiguity.Less
This book explores some responses to religious diversity, with particular attention to attitudes that a member of a religious tradition might take to the beliefs and salvific prospects of outsiders. The book aims to provide deeper analyses of the familiar options of exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism than have previously been provided. Much attention is focused on the question of whether more than one religious tradition might give a correct account of reality. This is the issue of truth. There is also much attention to questions about salvation, or whatever the goal of a tradition may be, whether this is understood to consist in enlightenment, liberation from rebirth, moksha, samadhi, Nirvana, union with God, or something else. There is detailed examination of many positions, including inclusivism about truth and inclusivism about salvation. For example, we might think of inclusivism about truth as involving both the idea that others may be right about beliefs that we do not hold and an openness on our part to learning from them. Some versions of salvific inclusivism involve a single route to salvation and some involve multiple routes. But all versions contend that while salvation is available to outsiders, they are not as well situated with respect to salvation as are insiders. This might, for example, be because whatever salvific efficacy their tradition possesses is derived from the insider’s tradition. The religiously ambiguous nature of the human situation is treated at length. On account of this ambiguity, people with different perspectives on religious matters have their own bodies of evidence to which they can appeal, and each person can have access only to a small portion of the available evidence. Some responses to outsiders, such as curiosity about their views and avoiding judgment about their salvific status, are advocated in light of this ambiguity.
Jane Idleman Smith
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195307313
- eISBN:
- 9780199867875
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195307313.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Americans generally understand pluralism to be a descriptive term for the multiplicity of religions and cultures in their country. This chapter and the next, however, are concerned with another kind ...
More
Americans generally understand pluralism to be a descriptive term for the multiplicity of religions and cultures in their country. This chapter and the next, however, are concerned with another kind of pluralism, namely the theological response of each faith to the presence of other religions, most specifically how Christians and Muslims look at each other. This chapter considers how some American Christian thinkers have thought about issues of pluralism and the encounter with Islam. Christian evangelicals, moderates, and pluralists, both Roman Catholics and Protestants, have all contributed to the conversation about how Christians might look personally and spiritually at the religion of Islam.Less
Americans generally understand pluralism to be a descriptive term for the multiplicity of religions and cultures in their country. This chapter and the next, however, are concerned with another kind of pluralism, namely the theological response of each faith to the presence of other religions, most specifically how Christians and Muslims look at each other. This chapter considers how some American Christian thinkers have thought about issues of pluralism and the encounter with Islam. Christian evangelicals, moderates, and pluralists, both Roman Catholics and Protestants, have all contributed to the conversation about how Christians might look personally and spiritually at the religion of Islam.
Reid L. Neilson
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195369786
- eISBN:
- 9780199871292
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195369786.003.014
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter turns to the subject of what Joseph Smith himself had to say about Mormonism's relationship to other religions, and ways of accommodating religious pluralism. It further traces the ...
More
This chapter turns to the subject of what Joseph Smith himself had to say about Mormonism's relationship to other religions, and ways of accommodating religious pluralism. It further traces the trajectories of Mormon thought on Eastern religious traditions, following the death of Smith, during the balance of the 19th century. Rather than fitting neatly into conventional religious studies paradigms, the chapter argues that the Latter-day Saints warrant their own categorization as restoration inclusivists.Less
This chapter turns to the subject of what Joseph Smith himself had to say about Mormonism's relationship to other religions, and ways of accommodating religious pluralism. It further traces the trajectories of Mormon thought on Eastern religious traditions, following the death of Smith, during the balance of the 19th century. Rather than fitting neatly into conventional religious studies paradigms, the chapter argues that the Latter-day Saints warrant their own categorization as restoration inclusivists.
David Mislin
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801453946
- eISBN:
- 9781501701436
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801453946.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This book chronicles the transformative historical moment when Americans began to reimagine their nation as one strengthened by the diverse faiths of its peoples. Between 1875 and 1925, liberal ...
More
This book chronicles the transformative historical moment when Americans began to reimagine their nation as one strengthened by the diverse faiths of its peoples. Between 1875 and 1925, liberal Protestant leaders abandoned religious exclusivism and leveraged their considerable cultural influence to push others to do the same. This reorientation came about as an ever-growing group of Americans found their religious faith under attack on social, intellectual, and political fronts. A new generation of outspoken agnostics assailed the very foundation of belief, while noted intellectuals embraced novel spiritual practices and claimed that Protestant Christianity had outlived its usefulness. Faced with these grave challenges, Protestant clergy and their allies realized that the successful defense of religion against secularism required a defense of all religious traditions. They affirmed the social value—and ultimately the religious truth—of Catholicism, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam. They also came to view doubt and uncertainty as expressions of faith. Ultimately, the re-examination of religious difference paved the way for Protestant elites to reconsider ethnic, racial, and cultural difference. This book offers insight into the historical constructions of faith and doubt, the interconnected relationship of secularism and pluralism, and the enormous influence of liberal Protestant thought on the political, cultural, and spiritual values of the twentieth-century United States.Less
This book chronicles the transformative historical moment when Americans began to reimagine their nation as one strengthened by the diverse faiths of its peoples. Between 1875 and 1925, liberal Protestant leaders abandoned religious exclusivism and leveraged their considerable cultural influence to push others to do the same. This reorientation came about as an ever-growing group of Americans found their religious faith under attack on social, intellectual, and political fronts. A new generation of outspoken agnostics assailed the very foundation of belief, while noted intellectuals embraced novel spiritual practices and claimed that Protestant Christianity had outlived its usefulness. Faced with these grave challenges, Protestant clergy and their allies realized that the successful defense of religion against secularism required a defense of all religious traditions. They affirmed the social value—and ultimately the religious truth—of Catholicism, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam. They also came to view doubt and uncertainty as expressions of faith. Ultimately, the re-examination of religious difference paved the way for Protestant elites to reconsider ethnic, racial, and cultural difference. This book offers insight into the historical constructions of faith and doubt, the interconnected relationship of secularism and pluralism, and the enormous influence of liberal Protestant thought on the political, cultural, and spiritual values of the twentieth-century United States.
Abdulaziz Sachedina
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195388428
- eISBN:
- 9780199866755
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195388428.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society, Islam
This chapter lays the groundwork for assessing traditionalist Muslim scholarship on human rights to date. It undertakes to argue that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights cannot be dismissed ...
More
This chapter lays the groundwork for assessing traditionalist Muslim scholarship on human rights to date. It undertakes to argue that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights cannot be dismissed outright as a product of Western secular thought with deep roots in Enlightenment thought. Nor can one entertain the charge of a Eurocentric bias of the document as valid because liberal views about human individuality, dignity, and agency are compatible with Islamic revelation as developed in Muslim philosophical theology and juridical methodology to understand human personhood. Thus far Muslim studies of the Declaration have concentrated on investigating the compatibility or the lack of it from the point of view of the Shari'a—the Sacred Law of Islam—without engaging the juridical system's theological‐ethical foundations. Given the declaration's intellectual anchoring in the historically specific secular and Christian experience of the drafters, academically such an investigation about the Shari'a's compatibility with the declaration is unproductive for understanding the origins of the universal underpinnings of both the Islamic tradition and the secular international document. To get to the root of Muslim traditionalists' arguments against the antireligion bias of the declaration, this chapter endeavors to undertake a critical analysis of Muslim theological resources to propose a fresh understanding of Muslim theology to support universal human rights that envisions the derivation of human rights on the basis of the principle of the inherency and inalienability of the rights that accrue to all humans as humans.Less
This chapter lays the groundwork for assessing traditionalist Muslim scholarship on human rights to date. It undertakes to argue that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights cannot be dismissed outright as a product of Western secular thought with deep roots in Enlightenment thought. Nor can one entertain the charge of a Eurocentric bias of the document as valid because liberal views about human individuality, dignity, and agency are compatible with Islamic revelation as developed in Muslim philosophical theology and juridical methodology to understand human personhood. Thus far Muslim studies of the Declaration have concentrated on investigating the compatibility or the lack of it from the point of view of the Shari'a—the Sacred Law of Islam—without engaging the juridical system's theological‐ethical foundations. Given the declaration's intellectual anchoring in the historically specific secular and Christian experience of the drafters, academically such an investigation about the Shari'a's compatibility with the declaration is unproductive for understanding the origins of the universal underpinnings of both the Islamic tradition and the secular international document. To get to the root of Muslim traditionalists' arguments against the antireligion bias of the declaration, this chapter endeavors to undertake a critical analysis of Muslim theological resources to propose a fresh understanding of Muslim theology to support universal human rights that envisions the derivation of human rights on the basis of the principle of the inherency and inalienability of the rights that accrue to all humans as humans.
Robert McKim
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199774029
- eISBN:
- 9780199932610
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199774029.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
Various interpretations of the idea of exclusivism about truth are considered, both in terms of their reasonableness as interpretations of exclusivism about truth and in terms of their overall ...
More
Various interpretations of the idea of exclusivism about truth are considered, both in terms of their reasonableness as interpretations of exclusivism about truth and in terms of their overall plausibility. Proposals from David Basinger, Alvin Plantinga, Paul Griffiths, and Kevin Meeker and Philip Quinn, among others, are considered. The issues considered include whether an exclusivist about truth can consistently allow that she is wrong in some of her beliefs and whether it is useful to distinguish between closed and open exclusivism.Less
Various interpretations of the idea of exclusivism about truth are considered, both in terms of their reasonableness as interpretations of exclusivism about truth and in terms of their overall plausibility. Proposals from David Basinger, Alvin Plantinga, Paul Griffiths, and Kevin Meeker and Philip Quinn, among others, are considered. The issues considered include whether an exclusivist about truth can consistently allow that she is wrong in some of her beliefs and whether it is useful to distinguish between closed and open exclusivism.
Paul D. Numrich
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195386219
- eISBN:
- 9780199866731
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195386219.003.0013
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter sorts out the great variety of Christian perspectives in a multireligious America: Does a typology emerge from the case studies of this book that can offer a fresh way of looking at the ...
More
This chapter sorts out the great variety of Christian perspectives in a multireligious America: Does a typology emerge from the case studies of this book that can offer a fresh way of looking at the important topic of Christian relations with other religions? However, this chapter goes beyond mere classification to ask a crucial question of all Christians, regardless of perspective: How would they wish adherents of other religions to think of them and the Christian faith? The chapter examines the well-known categories of exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism, which emphasize religious truth claims, and ends by advocating the attitude of Christian meekness and humility described in the New Testament.Less
This chapter sorts out the great variety of Christian perspectives in a multireligious America: Does a typology emerge from the case studies of this book that can offer a fresh way of looking at the important topic of Christian relations with other religions? However, this chapter goes beyond mere classification to ask a crucial question of all Christians, regardless of perspective: How would they wish adherents of other religions to think of them and the Christian faith? The chapter examines the well-known categories of exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism, which emphasize religious truth claims, and ends by advocating the attitude of Christian meekness and humility described in the New Testament.
Peter Van Inwagen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199226078
- eISBN:
- 9780191594236
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199226078.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This chapter introduces many of the central philosophical puzzles about peer disagreement. It starts with a discussion of disagreements in religion, and then extends the discussion to philosophical, ...
More
This chapter introduces many of the central philosophical puzzles about peer disagreement. It starts with a discussion of disagreements in religion, and then extends the discussion to philosophical, political, and other disagreements. It assesses arguments for and against the skeptical view that the symmetry present in cases of peer disagreements makes suspension of judgment the appropriate attitude. The author of the chapter is unable to give up his beliefs in many of these cases and unable to accept the conclusion that his own beliefs are not rational, but is also unable to answer satisfactorily the arguments for the skeptical view.Less
This chapter introduces many of the central philosophical puzzles about peer disagreement. It starts with a discussion of disagreements in religion, and then extends the discussion to philosophical, political, and other disagreements. It assesses arguments for and against the skeptical view that the symmetry present in cases of peer disagreements makes suspension of judgment the appropriate attitude. The author of the chapter is unable to give up his beliefs in many of these cases and unable to accept the conclusion that his own beliefs are not rational, but is also unable to answer satisfactorily the arguments for the skeptical view.
J. Day
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780198263913
- eISBN:
- 9780191601187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198263910.003.0016
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This is the last of six chapters on the Old Testament and its authors, and its subject is the religion of Israel. The introduction to the chapter briefly reviews previous work on this subject. The ...
More
This is the last of six chapters on the Old Testament and its authors, and its subject is the religion of Israel. The introduction to the chapter briefly reviews previous work on this subject. The sections of the rest of the chapter are devoted to the following topics; the pre‐monarchical period; Canaanite syncretism in the religion of Israel; divination and the cult of the dead; the Deuteronomic movement Josiah's reform and covenant theology; monotheism and the prohibition of images; cultic law; natural theology; universalism and exclusivism; and the apocalyptic movement.Less
This is the last of six chapters on the Old Testament and its authors, and its subject is the religion of Israel. The introduction to the chapter briefly reviews previous work on this subject. The sections of the rest of the chapter are devoted to the following topics; the pre‐monarchical period; Canaanite syncretism in the religion of Israel; divination and the cult of the dead; the Deuteronomic movement Josiah's reform and covenant theology; monotheism and the prohibition of images; cultic law; natural theology; universalism and exclusivism; and the apocalyptic movement.
Jerry L. Walls
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195113020
- eISBN:
- 9780199834815
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195113020.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
The basic question addressed here is that of who will be in heaven; this is discussed mainly with respect to the issue of whether the adherents of other (world) religions will be saved. The three ...
More
The basic question addressed here is that of who will be in heaven; this is discussed mainly with respect to the issue of whether the adherents of other (world) religions will be saved. The three main positions that Christian theologians have formulated on the salvation of adherents of other religions are described and assessed from the standpoint of some basic theological claims that an adequate Christian account of other religions must meet; these positions are particularism (also called restrictivism and exclusivism), pluralism, and inclusivism. Before this is done, the author briefly discusses the views of J. A. DiNoia, who has proposed an ingenious way to maintain the unique claims of Christianity while eliminating the element of offence to other religions by stressing their distinct conceptions of salvation. The position is then considered of the salvation of Mohandas (called Mahatma) Gandhi, one of the best‐known saints outside the Christian tradition, who rejected Christianity and remained committed to Hinduism. The chapter ends with a discussion of the salvation of infants and others who die at an age before they have had a chance to exercise faith in Christ or develop good character, and of the salvation of subhuman creatures (animals).Less
The basic question addressed here is that of who will be in heaven; this is discussed mainly with respect to the issue of whether the adherents of other (world) religions will be saved. The three main positions that Christian theologians have formulated on the salvation of adherents of other religions are described and assessed from the standpoint of some basic theological claims that an adequate Christian account of other religions must meet; these positions are particularism (also called restrictivism and exclusivism), pluralism, and inclusivism. Before this is done, the author briefly discusses the views of J. A. DiNoia, who has proposed an ingenious way to maintain the unique claims of Christianity while eliminating the element of offence to other religions by stressing their distinct conceptions of salvation. The position is then considered of the salvation of Mohandas (called Mahatma) Gandhi, one of the best‐known saints outside the Christian tradition, who rejected Christianity and remained committed to Hinduism. The chapter ends with a discussion of the salvation of infants and others who die at an age before they have had a chance to exercise faith in Christ or develop good character, and of the salvation of subhuman creatures (animals).
Jason A. Springs
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195395044
- eISBN:
- 9780199866243
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Discontinued
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195395044.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
Chapter 3 further complicates the alignment of Frei's theology with the work of his colleague and friend George Lindbeck. This argument explicitly takes up questions of theology's relationship to ...
More
Chapter 3 further complicates the alignment of Frei's theology with the work of his colleague and friend George Lindbeck. This argument explicitly takes up questions of theology's relationship to philosophy and other nontheological disciplines. It argues that Frei ascribed a regional (as opposed to an all-fields encompassing) grasp to the theological task without compromising the ultimacy of the claims that are its ground and goal. In addition to clarifying Frei's often subtle but important differences from Lindbeck, this chapter distinguishes his position from several other theologians broadly classified as postliberal.Less
Chapter 3 further complicates the alignment of Frei's theology with the work of his colleague and friend George Lindbeck. This argument explicitly takes up questions of theology's relationship to philosophy and other nontheological disciplines. It argues that Frei ascribed a regional (as opposed to an all-fields encompassing) grasp to the theological task without compromising the ultimacy of the claims that are its ground and goal. In addition to clarifying Frei's often subtle but important differences from Lindbeck, this chapter distinguishes his position from several other theologians broadly classified as postliberal.
George Rupp
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231174282
- eISBN:
- 9780231539869
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231174282.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
Despite their often quite central role in contributing to tensions, religious beliefs and practices are potentially a resource for work toward conflict resolution.
Despite their often quite central role in contributing to tensions, religious beliefs and practices are potentially a resource for work toward conflict resolution.
Robert McKim
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199774029
- eISBN:
- 9780199932610
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199774029.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
Exclusivism about salvation, or salvific exclusivism, is understood to combine two claims. First, only one's own tradition delivers salvation, and, second, only members of one's own tradition can ...
More
Exclusivism about salvation, or salvific exclusivism, is understood to combine two claims. First, only one's own tradition delivers salvation, and, second, only members of one's own tradition can achieve salvation. There is discussion of the relationship between the second of these claims and the requirement that certain beliefs must be held if salvation is to be achieved. A case against salvific exclusivism is provided. Proposals from J. A. DiNoia, William Rowe, Alan Race, and others are considered.Less
Exclusivism about salvation, or salvific exclusivism, is understood to combine two claims. First, only one's own tradition delivers salvation, and, second, only members of one's own tradition can achieve salvation. There is discussion of the relationship between the second of these claims and the requirement that certain beliefs must be held if salvation is to be achieved. A case against salvific exclusivism is provided. Proposals from J. A. DiNoia, William Rowe, Alan Race, and others are considered.
Michael Shalev
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198285137
- eISBN:
- 9780191684494
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198285137.003.0003
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare
This chapter discusses national exclusivism, which characterized the mobilization of the Jewish working class in Palestine. It distinguishes the Israeli case from its social-democratic counterparts. ...
More
This chapter discusses national exclusivism, which characterized the mobilization of the Jewish working class in Palestine. It distinguishes the Israeli case from its social-democratic counterparts. The ability of social-democratic labour movements to organize workers solidaristically as a class was recognized as a hallmark of success of the movement. Moreover, working-class solidarity has some societal and historical contexts that slowed down the gap between classes. A leading theorist regarded pre-capitalist solidarities as the most important alternative force framing worker organization.Less
This chapter discusses national exclusivism, which characterized the mobilization of the Jewish working class in Palestine. It distinguishes the Israeli case from its social-democratic counterparts. The ability of social-democratic labour movements to organize workers solidaristically as a class was recognized as a hallmark of success of the movement. Moreover, working-class solidarity has some societal and historical contexts that slowed down the gap between classes. A leading theorist regarded pre-capitalist solidarities as the most important alternative force framing worker organization.
Gregory A. Wills
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195160994
- eISBN:
- 9780199849574
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195160994.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This chapter discusses Baptist exclusivism, gatherings called “conference days” or “conference meetings”, the ritual of Baptist discipline, and trials of church members. It details how discipline ...
More
This chapter discusses Baptist exclusivism, gatherings called “conference days” or “conference meetings”, the ritual of Baptist discipline, and trials of church members. It details how discipline defined the nature and purpose of Baptist churches, along with orthodox preaching and an evangelistic mission. Establishing communities separate from the world, they protected their purity through the exercise of democratic authority. Driven by the exclusivist agenda, their monthly “days of discipline” uniquely expressed their democratic religion.Less
This chapter discusses Baptist exclusivism, gatherings called “conference days” or “conference meetings”, the ritual of Baptist discipline, and trials of church members. It details how discipline defined the nature and purpose of Baptist churches, along with orthodox preaching and an evangelistic mission. Establishing communities separate from the world, they protected their purity through the exercise of democratic authority. Driven by the exclusivist agenda, their monthly “days of discipline” uniquely expressed their democratic religion.
Gregory A. Wills
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195160994
- eISBN:
- 9780199849574
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195160994.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Baptist discipline manifested fidelity to the evangelical exclusivist temperament, especially to its insistence on a church separate from the world and established in purity. Manifesting the same ...
More
Baptist discipline manifested fidelity to the evangelical exclusivist temperament, especially to its insistence on a church separate from the world and established in purity. Manifesting the same commitment to exclusivism in their approach to theological truth, Baptists turned to ecclesiastical authority to ensure pure belief as well as pure deportment. They strove to repel the onslaught of modern ideas by means of church discipline. Erroneous beliefs merited exclusion from the church, and Baptist covenants linked church discipline to sound belief. They pledged to exert “a Godly Discipline” against any departure from “the Faith, once delivered to the Saints.”.Less
Baptist discipline manifested fidelity to the evangelical exclusivist temperament, especially to its insistence on a church separate from the world and established in purity. Manifesting the same commitment to exclusivism in their approach to theological truth, Baptists turned to ecclesiastical authority to ensure pure belief as well as pure deportment. They strove to repel the onslaught of modern ideas by means of church discipline. Erroneous beliefs merited exclusion from the church, and Baptist covenants linked church discipline to sound belief. They pledged to exert “a Godly Discipline” against any departure from “the Faith, once delivered to the Saints.”.
Gregory A. Wills
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195160994
- eISBN:
- 9780199849574
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195160994.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This chapter begins with a discussion of the relationships between Baptist churches. Baptist churches cooperated with one another in large part in order to define and protect the boundaries of ...
More
This chapter begins with a discussion of the relationships between Baptist churches. Baptist churches cooperated with one another in large part in order to define and protect the boundaries of primitive democratic religion. When Baptists organized new churches, they invited “helps”—ministers of other congregations, who examined the applicants, assessed their proposed constitution, and evaluated their orthodoxy. The chapter then discusses Calvinism, the exclusivism of orthodoxy, and Baptist views regarding creeds.Less
This chapter begins with a discussion of the relationships between Baptist churches. Baptist churches cooperated with one another in large part in order to define and protect the boundaries of primitive democratic religion. When Baptists organized new churches, they invited “helps”—ministers of other congregations, who examined the applicants, assessed their proposed constitution, and evaluated their orthodoxy. The chapter then discusses Calvinism, the exclusivism of orthodoxy, and Baptist views regarding creeds.
Nicholas Wolterstorff and Terence Cuneo
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199558957
- eISBN:
- 9780191744808
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558957.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
What is the proper role, in a liberal democracy, of religious reasons for and against proposed laws or abolition of laws? The various positions taken on the issue have come to be classified as ...
More
What is the proper role, in a liberal democracy, of religious reasons for and against proposed laws or abolition of laws? The various positions taken on the issue have come to be classified as “exclusivist” or “inclusivist.” This chapter identifies and critiques what may be the deepest component in the line of thought of those who espouse the exclusivist position. Instead of focusing on respect, this line of thought focuses on coercion. It tells us that a condition of a citizen’s properly supporting a piece of coercive legislation is not only that he or she (entitledly) believe the coercion justified, but also that, he or she must offer or make available, to those one believes do not already have them, reasons that they do or would regard as justifying the coercive legislation.Less
What is the proper role, in a liberal democracy, of religious reasons for and against proposed laws or abolition of laws? The various positions taken on the issue have come to be classified as “exclusivist” or “inclusivist.” This chapter identifies and critiques what may be the deepest component in the line of thought of those who espouse the exclusivist position. Instead of focusing on respect, this line of thought focuses on coercion. It tells us that a condition of a citizen’s properly supporting a piece of coercive legislation is not only that he or she (entitledly) believe the coercion justified, but also that, he or she must offer or make available, to those one believes do not already have them, reasons that they do or would regard as justifying the coercive legislation.
William Doyle
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199559855
- eISBN:
- 9780191701788
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199559855.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
During the 18th century, trappings of nobility were everywhere. No private coach was complete without the arms of its owners. Men carried swords and fashion was at its peak. Exclusivism was measured ...
More
During the 18th century, trappings of nobility were everywhere. No private coach was complete without the arms of its owners. Men carried swords and fashion was at its peak. Exclusivism was measured by generations, or ‘degrees’; as was family prestige itself. A hereditary distinction was pride in ancestry. There was a time in the 18th century that les grands spent much of their time capturing the most lucrative Court offices, military commands, and ecclesiastical beneficiaries in the royal gift. These events described the inequality between the rich and the poor during the 18th century.Less
During the 18th century, trappings of nobility were everywhere. No private coach was complete without the arms of its owners. Men carried swords and fashion was at its peak. Exclusivism was measured by generations, or ‘degrees’; as was family prestige itself. A hereditary distinction was pride in ancestry. There was a time in the 18th century that les grands spent much of their time capturing the most lucrative Court offices, military commands, and ecclesiastical beneficiaries in the royal gift. These events described the inequality between the rich and the poor during the 18th century.
