Maria Scannapieco and Kelli Connell-Carrick
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195156782
- eISBN:
- 9780199864164
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195156782.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This book analyzes in a developmental context understanding, assessing, and treating child maltreatment within the ecological framework. This framework is used to help systematically organize and ...
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This book analyzes in a developmental context understanding, assessing, and treating child maltreatment within the ecological framework. This framework is used to help systematically organize and integrate the complexity of the child maltreatment and developmental empirical literature by the following developmental stages: infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence. Two chapters cover each developmental stage: the first chapter presents a comprehensive discussion of normal development and the developmental consequences of child maltreatment; and the second chapter applies this knowledge to the assessment and intervention strategies of child maltreatment. Research has yielded support for viewing child maltreatment from an ecological perspective, in that a spectrum of factors has been found to be correlated with protective and risk factors of abuse and neglect of children. These factors interact to create potentially protective or harmful conditions for children. Throughout the book, consideration of multiple risk and protective factors are utilized in assessing child maltreatment at each stage of development within the ecological perspective. This framework enables assessment of individual, family, and environmental elements and their interactions. To assess completely child maltreatment, all potential categories of contributory factors are considered. In addition, a case illustration at the end of each major chapter allows for the application of information presented in those chapters to enhance learning.Less
This book analyzes in a developmental context understanding, assessing, and treating child maltreatment within the ecological framework. This framework is used to help systematically organize and integrate the complexity of the child maltreatment and developmental empirical literature by the following developmental stages: infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence. Two chapters cover each developmental stage: the first chapter presents a comprehensive discussion of normal development and the developmental consequences of child maltreatment; and the second chapter applies this knowledge to the assessment and intervention strategies of child maltreatment. Research has yielded support for viewing child maltreatment from an ecological perspective, in that a spectrum of factors has been found to be correlated with protective and risk factors of abuse and neglect of children. These factors interact to create potentially protective or harmful conditions for children. Throughout the book, consideration of multiple risk and protective factors are utilized in assessing child maltreatment at each stage of development within the ecological perspective. This framework enables assessment of individual, family, and environmental elements and their interactions. To assess completely child maltreatment, all potential categories of contributory factors are considered. In addition, a case illustration at the end of each major chapter allows for the application of information presented in those chapters to enhance learning.
NANCY CARTWRIGHT and JACOB STEGENGA
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780197264843
- eISBN:
- 9780191754050
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264843.003.0011
- Subject:
- Sociology, Methodology and Statistics
Evidence-based policy is all the rage now. But no one knows quite how to do it. Policy questions do not generally fall neatly within any one of our scientific or social science disciplines, where the ...
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Evidence-based policy is all the rage now. But no one knows quite how to do it. Policy questions do not generally fall neatly within any one of our scientific or social science disciplines, where the standards and rules of evidence for the questions studied are fairly clearly delineated. There is by now a variety of guides available on standards of evidence for evidence-based policy. But these focus narrowly on only part of the problem. This chapter lays the foundations for a guide for the use of evidence in predicting policy effectiveness in situ — a more comprehensive guide than current standard offerings such as the Maryland rules in criminology, the weight of evidence scheme of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or the US ‘What Works Clearinghouse’. The guide itself is meant to be well-grounded but at the same time to give practicable advice, that is, advice that can be used by policy-makers not experts in the natural and social sciences, assuming they are well-intentioned and have a reasonable but limited amount of time and resources available for searching out evidence and deliberating.Less
Evidence-based policy is all the rage now. But no one knows quite how to do it. Policy questions do not generally fall neatly within any one of our scientific or social science disciplines, where the standards and rules of evidence for the questions studied are fairly clearly delineated. There is by now a variety of guides available on standards of evidence for evidence-based policy. But these focus narrowly on only part of the problem. This chapter lays the foundations for a guide for the use of evidence in predicting policy effectiveness in situ — a more comprehensive guide than current standard offerings such as the Maryland rules in criminology, the weight of evidence scheme of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, or the US ‘What Works Clearinghouse’. The guide itself is meant to be well-grounded but at the same time to give practicable advice, that is, advice that can be used by policy-makers not experts in the natural and social sciences, assuming they are well-intentioned and have a reasonable but limited amount of time and resources available for searching out evidence and deliberating.
Nancy Cartwright and Jeremy Hardie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- February 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199841608
- eISBN:
- 9780190252618
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199841608.003.0012
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter discusses randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and evidence-ranking schemes as a set of rules. It presents a case study that starts by showing how good the use of rules can be at the ...
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This chapter discusses randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and evidence-ranking schemes as a set of rules. It presents a case study that starts by showing how good the use of rules can be at the early stage of a process, not just because they economize on the risks and costs of the alternative, but because they actually work better. This is an example of how to follow the rules as far as possible, and then having to make changes based on judgment. The chapter also describes when rules are toxic and the search for solutions.Less
This chapter discusses randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and evidence-ranking schemes as a set of rules. It presents a case study that starts by showing how good the use of rules can be at the early stage of a process, not just because they economize on the risks and costs of the alternative, but because they actually work better. This is an example of how to follow the rules as far as possible, and then having to make changes based on judgment. The chapter also describes when rules are toxic and the search for solutions.
