Eugene Bereza
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199694143
- eISBN:
- 9780191739255
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199694143.003.0068
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making
This chapter presents a case study to illustrate the desired skills, attitudes, and knowledge required to deal with ethical issues. It describes a four-step approach to appreciating and resolving ...
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This chapter presents a case study to illustrate the desired skills, attitudes, and knowledge required to deal with ethical issues. It describes a four-step approach to appreciating and resolving ethical issues in clinical care that involves identifying the ethical dilemmas; gathering all of the pertinent information; analyzing the information in the context of the dilemma; and prioritizing recommendations and articulate supporting argumentation.Less
This chapter presents a case study to illustrate the desired skills, attitudes, and knowledge required to deal with ethical issues. It describes a four-step approach to appreciating and resolving ethical issues in clinical care that involves identifying the ethical dilemmas; gathering all of the pertinent information; analyzing the information in the context of the dilemma; and prioritizing recommendations and articulate supporting argumentation.
Adil E. Shamoo and David B. Resnik
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195368246
- eISBN:
- 9780199867615
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195368246.003.0004
- Subject:
- Biology, Disease Ecology / Epidemiology, Biochemistry / Molecular Biology
Mentoring and collaboration are cornerstones of modern science, but they also raise some ethical problems and dilemmas. This chapter explores a variety of issues related to mentoring and ...
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Mentoring and collaboration are cornerstones of modern science, but they also raise some ethical problems and dilemmas. This chapter explores a variety of issues related to mentoring and collaboration. It discusses some of the moral dimensions of mentoring and collaboration, such as proper training, setting examples, trust, accountability, and collegiality. It also considers some reasons why collaborations sometimes fail in research and addresses policies designed to promote collaboration and effective mentoring. The chapter also discusses leadership in mentoring, collaboration, and other professional relationships in science.Less
Mentoring and collaboration are cornerstones of modern science, but they also raise some ethical problems and dilemmas. This chapter explores a variety of issues related to mentoring and collaboration. It discusses some of the moral dimensions of mentoring and collaboration, such as proper training, setting examples, trust, accountability, and collegiality. It also considers some reasons why collaborations sometimes fail in research and addresses policies designed to promote collaboration and effective mentoring. The chapter also discusses leadership in mentoring, collaboration, and other professional relationships in science.
Robert Rosenthal and Ralph L. Rosnow
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195385540
- eISBN:
- 9780199869824
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195385540.003.0036
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter presents an ethical dilemma when societal and scientific imperatives collide. It also covers the threat to the robustness of generalizations and the threat to inferred causality.
This chapter presents an ethical dilemma when societal and scientific imperatives collide. It also covers the threat to the robustness of generalizations and the threat to inferred causality.
Katrina A. Bramstedt
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198570288
- eISBN:
- 9780191730030
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198570288.003.0024
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
This chapter explores the concept of therapy withdrawal on heart failure and offers guidance for the resolution of ethical dilemmas that can occur in such situations. It introduces burdens, benefits, ...
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This chapter explores the concept of therapy withdrawal on heart failure and offers guidance for the resolution of ethical dilemmas that can occur in such situations. It introduces burdens, benefits, and futility. It also deals with the patient's treatment preferences. It then covers surrogate decision-making and the termination of implantable interventions, specifically the termination of pacemaker, defibrillators, ventricular assist devices, and total artificial heart. All therapies, whether implantable or not, should be regularly evaluated to ascertain their burdens and the patient's capacity to benefit from them. Patients with decision-making capacity should be routinely invited to comment on their quality of life, as well as their health-care goals. When advance directive documentation exists, it should be reviewed by the health-care team and decision-making surrogates. All treatment decisions should reflect the burdens, benefits, and values of the patient or the patient's best interests when discrete values are unknown.Less
This chapter explores the concept of therapy withdrawal on heart failure and offers guidance for the resolution of ethical dilemmas that can occur in such situations. It introduces burdens, benefits, and futility. It also deals with the patient's treatment preferences. It then covers surrogate decision-making and the termination of implantable interventions, specifically the termination of pacemaker, defibrillators, ventricular assist devices, and total artificial heart. All therapies, whether implantable or not, should be regularly evaluated to ascertain their burdens and the patient's capacity to benefit from them. Patients with decision-making capacity should be routinely invited to comment on their quality of life, as well as their health-care goals. When advance directive documentation exists, it should be reviewed by the health-care team and decision-making surrogates. All treatment decisions should reflect the burdens, benefits, and values of the patient or the patient's best interests when discrete values are unknown.
Victor W. Sidel and Barry S. Levy
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195311181
- eISBN:
- 9780199865086
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311181.003.0024
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter describes the roles and ethical dilemmas for military medical care workers, including obligations to enhance military strength versus obligations to meet the needs of individual military ...
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This chapter describes the roles and ethical dilemmas for military medical care workers, including obligations to enhance military strength versus obligations to meet the needs of individual military personnel, the ability to override the patient's wishes for “the patient's benefit,” obligations of medical care workers to serve those in need of care, blurring combatant and noncombatant roles, and enhancing the ability of medical care workers to serve as moral agents.Less
This chapter describes the roles and ethical dilemmas for military medical care workers, including obligations to enhance military strength versus obligations to meet the needs of individual military personnel, the ability to override the patient's wishes for “the patient's benefit,” obligations of medical care workers to serve those in need of care, blurring combatant and noncombatant roles, and enhancing the ability of medical care workers to serve as moral agents.
David S. Wendler
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199730087
- eISBN:
- 9780199776689
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199730087.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
The first chapter begins with an example of an important series of pediatric research studies, the studies that led to the development of vaccines for rotavirus. This example illustrates the dilemma ...
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The first chapter begins with an example of an important series of pediatric research studies, the studies that led to the development of vaccines for rotavirus. This example illustrates the dilemma posed by pediatric research between protecting individual children and improving pediatric medical care. The chapter then explains the importance and prevalence of pediatric research and ends with a summary of the argument that we have an interest in contributing to valuable projects. This interest suggests that “nonbeneficial” pediatric research can be justified when it involves the participating children contributing to a valuable project to help others.Less
The first chapter begins with an example of an important series of pediatric research studies, the studies that led to the development of vaccines for rotavirus. This example illustrates the dilemma posed by pediatric research between protecting individual children and improving pediatric medical care. The chapter then explains the importance and prevalence of pediatric research and ends with a summary of the argument that we have an interest in contributing to valuable projects. This interest suggests that “nonbeneficial” pediatric research can be justified when it involves the participating children contributing to a valuable project to help others.
MELVIN DELGADO and DENISE HUMM-DELGADO
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199735846
- eISBN:
- 9780199315864
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199735846.003.0004
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
Community asset assessments are a distinctive form of community-based participatory research, with all of its rewards and challenges. This form of research, as the reader will see, has its share of ...
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Community asset assessments are a distinctive form of community-based participatory research, with all of its rewards and challenges. This form of research, as the reader will see, has its share of tension areas that are natural points for the ethical dilemmas that are quite familiar to most social work practitioners. These dilemmas are partly tied to the tensions inherent in practicing in communities, as well as the tensions related to being “outsider” researchers. There is little question that community asset assessments have tremendous potential for helping community social workers carry out initiatives that reinforce key antioppression aspects of our mission and Code of Ethics. These rewards, so to speak, are limitless and so, unfortunately, are the challenges. This chapter highlights some of the most obvious and significant rewards and challenges. Local circumstances wield considerable influence on the rewards and challenges of community asset assessments. The reader, as a result, may well have additional examples of both that have been dictated by what is happening in their respective communities.Less
Community asset assessments are a distinctive form of community-based participatory research, with all of its rewards and challenges. This form of research, as the reader will see, has its share of tension areas that are natural points for the ethical dilemmas that are quite familiar to most social work practitioners. These dilemmas are partly tied to the tensions inherent in practicing in communities, as well as the tensions related to being “outsider” researchers. There is little question that community asset assessments have tremendous potential for helping community social workers carry out initiatives that reinforce key antioppression aspects of our mission and Code of Ethics. These rewards, so to speak, are limitless and so, unfortunately, are the challenges. This chapter highlights some of the most obvious and significant rewards and challenges. Local circumstances wield considerable influence on the rewards and challenges of community asset assessments. The reader, as a result, may well have additional examples of both that have been dictated by what is happening in their respective communities.
Sandra L. Bloom and Brian Farragher
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195374803
- eISBN:
- 9780199865420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195374803.003.0011
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
The notion that “punishment works” is simply taken for granted as true, part of our existing mental model for dealing with other people. Here this chapter asks whether punishment actually is ...
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The notion that “punishment works” is simply taken for granted as true, part of our existing mental model for dealing with other people. Here this chapter asks whether punishment actually is effective and under what conditions. In chronically stressed organizations, as leaders become more authoritarian and their efforts to correct problems are ineffective, leaders are likely to become increasingly punitive in an effort to exert control. But organizational practices that are perceived as unjust evoke a very human desire for vengeance. As in the case of the chronically stressed individual, shame, guilt, anger and a desire for justice can combine with unfortunate consequences for individuals and for the organization. When this is happening the organization may become both socially irresponsible and ethically compromised. The chapter explores what happens when good people do bad things, including when otherwise decent people stand around and watch unjust behavior and do nothing.Less
The notion that “punishment works” is simply taken for granted as true, part of our existing mental model for dealing with other people. Here this chapter asks whether punishment actually is effective and under what conditions. In chronically stressed organizations, as leaders become more authoritarian and their efforts to correct problems are ineffective, leaders are likely to become increasingly punitive in an effort to exert control. But organizational practices that are perceived as unjust evoke a very human desire for vengeance. As in the case of the chronically stressed individual, shame, guilt, anger and a desire for justice can combine with unfortunate consequences for individuals and for the organization. When this is happening the organization may become both socially irresponsible and ethically compromised. The chapter explores what happens when good people do bad things, including when otherwise decent people stand around and watch unjust behavior and do nothing.
Stephen Peckham and Alison Hann (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847421029
- eISBN:
- 9781447303114
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847421029.001.0001
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
Ethical dilemmas are not new in the area of health care and policy making, but in recent years, their frequency and diversity have grown considerably. All health professionals now have to consider ...
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Ethical dilemmas are not new in the area of health care and policy making, but in recent years, their frequency and diversity have grown considerably. All health professionals now have to consider the ethical implications of an increasing array of treatments, interventions and health-promotion activities on an almost daily basis. This goes hand in hand with increasing medical knowledge, and the growth of new and innovative medical technologies and pharmaceuticals. In addition, the same technology and knowledge is increasing professional and public awareness of new potential public health threats (e.g. pandemic influenza). At the level of public policy, concerns over the rising costs of health care have led to a more explicit focus on ‘health promotion’, and the surveillance of both ‘patients’ and the so-called ‘worried well’. Health professionals and policy makers also have to consider the implications of managing these risks, for example restricting individual liberty through enforced quarantine (in the wake of SARS and more recently swine flu) and the more general distribution of harms and benefits. Balancing the rights and responsibilities of individuals and wider populations is becoming more complex and problematic. This book will play a key role in opening out a discussion of public health ethics. It examines the principles and values that support an ethical approach to public health practice and provides examples of some of the complex areas which those practising, analysing and planning the health of populations have to navigate.Less
Ethical dilemmas are not new in the area of health care and policy making, but in recent years, their frequency and diversity have grown considerably. All health professionals now have to consider the ethical implications of an increasing array of treatments, interventions and health-promotion activities on an almost daily basis. This goes hand in hand with increasing medical knowledge, and the growth of new and innovative medical technologies and pharmaceuticals. In addition, the same technology and knowledge is increasing professional and public awareness of new potential public health threats (e.g. pandemic influenza). At the level of public policy, concerns over the rising costs of health care have led to a more explicit focus on ‘health promotion’, and the surveillance of both ‘patients’ and the so-called ‘worried well’. Health professionals and policy makers also have to consider the implications of managing these risks, for example restricting individual liberty through enforced quarantine (in the wake of SARS and more recently swine flu) and the more general distribution of harms and benefits. Balancing the rights and responsibilities of individuals and wider populations is becoming more complex and problematic. This book will play a key role in opening out a discussion of public health ethics. It examines the principles and values that support an ethical approach to public health practice and provides examples of some of the complex areas which those practising, analysing and planning the health of populations have to navigate.
Allie Clemans, John Loughran, and Amanda Berry
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781447308997
- eISBN:
- 9781447311447
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447308997.003.0007
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
The chapter explores some interesting ethical issues faced by educational academics in developing the professional practice of teacher leaders through a three year government funded leading ...
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The chapter explores some interesting ethical issues faced by educational academics in developing the professional practice of teacher leaders through a three year government funded leading professional learning (LPL) programme in Australia. The programme was initiated to develop teacher leaders in public schools and was conceptualized around a core set of principles designed to illustrate that teachers and their professional knowledge were highly valued. As the project was funded by the State Education system, negotiations between the representatives of the bureaucracy and academics around programme intent and delivery presented significant ethical issues and tensions which inevitably cut across the ethos of program design and implementation. Ultimately, these influenced the programme and impacted the outcomes anticipated for the development of the teacher leaders’ professional practice. Sadly, they may also have diluted the opportunities for support that these teacher leaders needed to confront their own ethical dilemmas in their workplace settings.Less
The chapter explores some interesting ethical issues faced by educational academics in developing the professional practice of teacher leaders through a three year government funded leading professional learning (LPL) programme in Australia. The programme was initiated to develop teacher leaders in public schools and was conceptualized around a core set of principles designed to illustrate that teachers and their professional knowledge were highly valued. As the project was funded by the State Education system, negotiations between the representatives of the bureaucracy and academics around programme intent and delivery presented significant ethical issues and tensions which inevitably cut across the ethos of program design and implementation. Ultimately, these influenced the programme and impacted the outcomes anticipated for the development of the teacher leaders’ professional practice. Sadly, they may also have diluted the opportunities for support that these teacher leaders needed to confront their own ethical dilemmas in their workplace settings.
Banks Sarah
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861343567
- eISBN:
- 9781447302766
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861343567.003.0007
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
All managers face difficult choices — relating, for example, to conflicts of interest between various stakeholders; political imperatives; resource allocation or staff management decisions. This ...
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All managers face difficult choices — relating, for example, to conflicts of interest between various stakeholders; political imperatives; resource allocation or staff management decisions. This chapter explores some of the ethical conflicts and dilemmas that arise for managers of community practice. It uses two case studies relating to regeneration and mental health work to illustrate how managers conceptualise and handle ethical dilemmas and demonstrates how their practice embodies certain core values or principles.Less
All managers face difficult choices — relating, for example, to conflicts of interest between various stakeholders; political imperatives; resource allocation or staff management decisions. This chapter explores some of the ethical conflicts and dilemmas that arise for managers of community practice. It uses two case studies relating to regeneration and mental health work to illustrate how managers conceptualise and handle ethical dilemmas and demonstrates how their practice embodies certain core values or principles.
Derek Doyle, David Jeffrey, and Kenneth Calman
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780192632272
- eISBN:
- 9780191730245
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192632272.003.0007
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
Caring for terminally ill patients is often framed by ethical issues that arise at all stages of the palliative care period and are an integral part of medical and nursing decision making. Ethical ...
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Caring for terminally ill patients is often framed by ethical issues that arise at all stages of the palliative care period and are an integral part of medical and nursing decision making. Ethical dilemmas provide no easy solution but good communication between the professional health care providers, the patients, and the families can provide the best outcome for the patient. This chapter focuses on the ethical issues encountered by primary care teams providing palliative care at home, the most primary of which is good communication. Good communication plays a vital role in determining the decisions and wishes of the patient and family and maintains a trusting relationship between the professional and the patient. The second ethical issue is informed consent, which reflects the respect for the autonomy of the patient. It means respect for the decision of the patient before administering medical interventions. Another issue prevalent in palliative care is confidentiality, wherein professionals are expected not to divulge information without the explicit consent of the patient. Compassion, which is often ignored by professionals, should be encouraged, as it reflects the emotional aspects of caring and may help to foster a trusting relationship between patients and professionals. Advanced directives and living wills also form part of the ethical issues. General practitioners are often in the best position to discuss wills with the patients and their families. The last, yet most ethically arresting issue, is the withdrawal of feeding and fluids and euthanasia. Both should be reviewed and undertaken within the views of the family and the patient.Less
Caring for terminally ill patients is often framed by ethical issues that arise at all stages of the palliative care period and are an integral part of medical and nursing decision making. Ethical dilemmas provide no easy solution but good communication between the professional health care providers, the patients, and the families can provide the best outcome for the patient. This chapter focuses on the ethical issues encountered by primary care teams providing palliative care at home, the most primary of which is good communication. Good communication plays a vital role in determining the decisions and wishes of the patient and family and maintains a trusting relationship between the professional and the patient. The second ethical issue is informed consent, which reflects the respect for the autonomy of the patient. It means respect for the decision of the patient before administering medical interventions. Another issue prevalent in palliative care is confidentiality, wherein professionals are expected not to divulge information without the explicit consent of the patient. Compassion, which is often ignored by professionals, should be encouraged, as it reflects the emotional aspects of caring and may help to foster a trusting relationship between patients and professionals. Advanced directives and living wills also form part of the ethical issues. General practitioners are often in the best position to discuss wills with the patients and their families. The last, yet most ethically arresting issue, is the withdrawal of feeding and fluids and euthanasia. Both should be reviewed and undertaken within the views of the family and the patient.
R.J. DUNLOP and J.M. HOCKLEY
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780192629807
- eISBN:
- 9780191730061
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192629807.003.0005
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
Decisions about care at the end of life are very difficult. It is often distressing looking after terminally ill patients and their families. This makes decisions about withholding or withdrawing ...
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Decisions about care at the end of life are very difficult. It is often distressing looking after terminally ill patients and their families. This makes decisions about withholding or withdrawing life-prolonging treatment even more emotive. This chapter briefly outlines the basis of such ethical principles, including ideas on exploring what the patient understands about future treatment and how to present treatment options. It also considers some of the major ethical dilemmas within the context of hospital palliative care, including euthanasia and living wills. Palliative care teams are often called on to support the staff. Team members need to have a clear understanding of the ethical basis for making decisions.Less
Decisions about care at the end of life are very difficult. It is often distressing looking after terminally ill patients and their families. This makes decisions about withholding or withdrawing life-prolonging treatment even more emotive. This chapter briefly outlines the basis of such ethical principles, including ideas on exploring what the patient understands about future treatment and how to present treatment options. It also considers some of the major ethical dilemmas within the context of hospital palliative care, including euthanasia and living wills. Palliative care teams are often called on to support the staff. Team members need to have a clear understanding of the ethical basis for making decisions.
Lynn Milgram Mayer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199934621
- eISBN:
- 9780190206352
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199934621.003.0010
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
Although the NASW Code of Ethics clearly articulates the mission of the profession and its core values of service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, ...
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Although the NASW Code of Ethics clearly articulates the mission of the profession and its core values of service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, integrity, and competence, school social work consultants are not immune to ethical dilemmas. In fact, they might actually be in a position to feel more challenged than their colleagues in other social service settings due to the complexities of working in an educational host environment. This chapter discusses ethical dilemmas faced by school social work consultants, including privacy of minors, confidentiality, informed consent, and conflicts of interest. Ethical dilemmas are then examined in the context of the school setting and the school situation. Finally, ethical dilemmas are examined from the perspective of consequential theory, principles theory, and virtue ethics.Less
Although the NASW Code of Ethics clearly articulates the mission of the profession and its core values of service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, integrity, and competence, school social work consultants are not immune to ethical dilemmas. In fact, they might actually be in a position to feel more challenged than their colleagues in other social service settings due to the complexities of working in an educational host environment. This chapter discusses ethical dilemmas faced by school social work consultants, including privacy of minors, confidentiality, informed consent, and conflicts of interest. Ethical dilemmas are then examined in the context of the school setting and the school situation. Finally, ethical dilemmas are examined from the perspective of consequential theory, principles theory, and virtue ethics.
Antonie Vos
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748624621
- eISBN:
- 9780748652372
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748624621.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This chapter explores the works of John Duns Scotus related to ethics. It presents the bare challenge of Scotian ethical dilemma and interprets the key words of Scotus's ethical terminology with a ...
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This chapter explores the works of John Duns Scotus related to ethics. It presents the bare challenge of Scotian ethical dilemma and interprets the key words of Scotus's ethical terminology with a view to his language of argumentation in ethics. The chapter discusses the essentials of his philosophy of love, proposes solutions to the Quintonian and Harrisian fallacies, and also considers the Scotian solution of the problem of dispensation from law and the structure of virtue.Less
This chapter explores the works of John Duns Scotus related to ethics. It presents the bare challenge of Scotian ethical dilemma and interprets the key words of Scotus's ethical terminology with a view to his language of argumentation in ethics. The chapter discusses the essentials of his philosophy of love, proposes solutions to the Quintonian and Harrisian fallacies, and also considers the Scotian solution of the problem of dispensation from law and the structure of virtue.
Mike W. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195133257
- eISBN:
- 9780199848706
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195133257.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
The expression “professional ethics” can mean three things: de facto morality, justified morality, and moral inquiry. Professional ethics consists entirely of the moral requirements attached to a ...
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The expression “professional ethics” can mean three things: de facto morality, justified morality, and moral inquiry. Professional ethics consists entirely of the moral requirements attached to a profession and imposed on all its members, together with the ethical dilemmas created when the requirements conflict or are too vague to provide guidance. This dominant perspective is called the consensus paradigm, which the present book argues is implausible and constricting. The consensus paradigm neglects how personal moral commitments and ideals motivate, sustain, and guide professionals in their work. In exploring personal commitments, this book introduces narrative case studies and also includes portrayals of professionals in works of fiction. Case studies are ubiquitous in studying professional ethics, but almost invariably they consist of episodic (time-slice) dilemmas about how to act when confronted with conflicting obligations. A diachronic perspective reveals the importance of caring relationships, meaningful work, voluntary service, burnout, self-betrayal, balancing family with other commitments, and other topics examined in this book.Less
The expression “professional ethics” can mean three things: de facto morality, justified morality, and moral inquiry. Professional ethics consists entirely of the moral requirements attached to a profession and imposed on all its members, together with the ethical dilemmas created when the requirements conflict or are too vague to provide guidance. This dominant perspective is called the consensus paradigm, which the present book argues is implausible and constricting. The consensus paradigm neglects how personal moral commitments and ideals motivate, sustain, and guide professionals in their work. In exploring personal commitments, this book introduces narrative case studies and also includes portrayals of professionals in works of fiction. Case studies are ubiquitous in studying professional ethics, but almost invariably they consist of episodic (time-slice) dilemmas about how to act when confronted with conflicting obligations. A diachronic perspective reveals the importance of caring relationships, meaningful work, voluntary service, burnout, self-betrayal, balancing family with other commitments, and other topics examined in this book.
Yasmin Gunaratnam and David Oliviere (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199546695
- eISBN:
- 9780191730214
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546695.001.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Palliative Medicine Research, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making
The use of narrative methods has a long history in palliative care, pioneered by Dame Cicely Saunders, founder of the modern hospice movement. This book provides a multidisciplinary examination of ...
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The use of narrative methods has a long history in palliative care, pioneered by Dame Cicely Saunders, founder of the modern hospice movement. This book provides a multidisciplinary examination of work with narrative and stories in contemporary health and social care, with a focus on the care of people who are ill and dying. It animates the academic literature with ‘real-world’ examples from international contributors, including palliative care service users and those working in the social and human sciences, medicine, theology, and the creative arts. The book addresses and clarifies core issues: What is a narrative? What is a story? What are some of the main methods and models that can be used and for what purposes? What practical and ethical dilemmas can the methods entail in work with illness, death, and dying? As well as highlighting the power of stories to create new possibilities, the book also acknowledges the conceptual, methodological, and ethnical problems and challenges inherent in narrative work. As the hospice and palliative care movement evolves to meet the challenges of 21st century health care, this book highlights how narratives and stories can be attended to in ways that are productive, ethical, and caring.Less
The use of narrative methods has a long history in palliative care, pioneered by Dame Cicely Saunders, founder of the modern hospice movement. This book provides a multidisciplinary examination of work with narrative and stories in contemporary health and social care, with a focus on the care of people who are ill and dying. It animates the academic literature with ‘real-world’ examples from international contributors, including palliative care service users and those working in the social and human sciences, medicine, theology, and the creative arts. The book addresses and clarifies core issues: What is a narrative? What is a story? What are some of the main methods and models that can be used and for what purposes? What practical and ethical dilemmas can the methods entail in work with illness, death, and dying? As well as highlighting the power of stories to create new possibilities, the book also acknowledges the conceptual, methodological, and ethnical problems and challenges inherent in narrative work. As the hospice and palliative care movement evolves to meet the challenges of 21st century health care, this book highlights how narratives and stories can be attended to in ways that are productive, ethical, and caring.
Michael Jackson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780520276703
- eISBN:
- 9780520956810
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520276703.003.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
Fieldwork among Sierra Leoneans in London: existential and ethical dilemmas of leaving one’s homeland to seek a better life abroad; the meaning of mobility, metamorphosis and mutation in human life; ...
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Fieldwork among Sierra Leoneans in London: existential and ethical dilemmas of leaving one’s homeland to seek a better life abroad; the meaning of mobility, metamorphosis and mutation in human life; a phenomenological approach to migration; the question of “life itself”; tensions between the legal, moral, and ethical dimensions of the migrant experience; ethics and intersubjectivity in Ricoeur, Levinas, and Sartre; “ordinary ethics” in recent anthropological writing; ethics in Kuranko storytelling.Less
Fieldwork among Sierra Leoneans in London: existential and ethical dilemmas of leaving one’s homeland to seek a better life abroad; the meaning of mobility, metamorphosis and mutation in human life; a phenomenological approach to migration; the question of “life itself”; tensions between the legal, moral, and ethical dimensions of the migrant experience; ethics and intersubjectivity in Ricoeur, Levinas, and Sartre; “ordinary ethics” in recent anthropological writing; ethics in Kuranko storytelling.
Wendy Johnston
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199212934
- eISBN:
- 9780191730368
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212934.003.0004
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
This chapter discusses the decision-making integral to ALS patients and their families. Diagnosis and the quality of life have steadily improved for ALS patients with the advent of improved ...
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This chapter discusses the decision-making integral to ALS patients and their families. Diagnosis and the quality of life have steadily improved for ALS patients with the advent of improved nutrition, respiratory support, and the riluzole. However, amidst these developments, treatments face certain limitations and the daunting task of making decisions on accepting or forgoing life-sustaining therapies will inevitably be made. These decisions include requests for assisted suicide or euthanasia, and advance care planning. In the course of decision-making, several factors affecting decisions and their implementation such as the social and spiritual context of each individual, the family, the medical community including financial resources often come into play. The cognitive deficits and the depression of ALS patients also affect decision-making related to end-of-the-life care. Discussion of end-of-life issues is often combined with ethical dilemmas and difficult choices where conflict is never distant resulting to avoidance of clinicians to openly discuss advance life planning however, open discussion of end-of-life issues is integral as it helps ALS patients and their families to achieve quality life and to prepare for the inevitable end. Informing and guiding patients and their families in the decision-making process to a peaceful death should be integral to medical practice.Less
This chapter discusses the decision-making integral to ALS patients and their families. Diagnosis and the quality of life have steadily improved for ALS patients with the advent of improved nutrition, respiratory support, and the riluzole. However, amidst these developments, treatments face certain limitations and the daunting task of making decisions on accepting or forgoing life-sustaining therapies will inevitably be made. These decisions include requests for assisted suicide or euthanasia, and advance care planning. In the course of decision-making, several factors affecting decisions and their implementation such as the social and spiritual context of each individual, the family, the medical community including financial resources often come into play. The cognitive deficits and the depression of ALS patients also affect decision-making related to end-of-the-life care. Discussion of end-of-life issues is often combined with ethical dilemmas and difficult choices where conflict is never distant resulting to avoidance of clinicians to openly discuss advance life planning however, open discussion of end-of-life issues is integral as it helps ALS patients and their families to achieve quality life and to prepare for the inevitable end. Informing and guiding patients and their families in the decision-making process to a peaceful death should be integral to medical practice.
Peter-Paul Verbeek
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226852911
- eISBN:
- 9780226852904
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226852904.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
Technology permeates nearly every aspect of our daily lives. Cars enable us to travel long distances, mobile phones help us to communicate, and medical devices make it possible to detect and cure ...
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Technology permeates nearly every aspect of our daily lives. Cars enable us to travel long distances, mobile phones help us to communicate, and medical devices make it possible to detect and cure diseases. However, these aids to existence are not simply neutral instruments, they give shape to what we do and how we experience the world. Because technology plays such an active role in shaping our daily actions and decisions, it is crucial, this book argues, that we consider the moral dimension of technology. As such, the book offers an in-depth study of the ethical dilemmas and moral issues surrounding the interaction of humans and technology. Drawing from Heidegger and Foucault, as well as from philosophers of technology such as Don Ihde and Bruno Latour, it locates morality not just in the human users of technology but in the interaction between us and our machines. The book cites concrete examples, including some personal ones, and argues for the morality of things. The book forces us all to consider the virtue of new inventions and to rethink the rightness of the products we use every day.Less
Technology permeates nearly every aspect of our daily lives. Cars enable us to travel long distances, mobile phones help us to communicate, and medical devices make it possible to detect and cure diseases. However, these aids to existence are not simply neutral instruments, they give shape to what we do and how we experience the world. Because technology plays such an active role in shaping our daily actions and decisions, it is crucial, this book argues, that we consider the moral dimension of technology. As such, the book offers an in-depth study of the ethical dilemmas and moral issues surrounding the interaction of humans and technology. Drawing from Heidegger and Foucault, as well as from philosophers of technology such as Don Ihde and Bruno Latour, it locates morality not just in the human users of technology but in the interaction between us and our machines. The book cites concrete examples, including some personal ones, and argues for the morality of things. The book forces us all to consider the virtue of new inventions and to rethink the rightness of the products we use every day.
