John Habakkuk
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203988
- eISBN:
- 9780191676062
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203988.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
The chapter discusses the strict settlement and the estates system that prevailed in the past. The arrangements of most landed families were governed by the strict settlement, a form of legal ...
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The chapter discusses the strict settlement and the estates system that prevailed in the past. The arrangements of most landed families were governed by the strict settlement, a form of legal arrangement which made it possible to tie up the succession of a specific landed estate. The transition from land to money occurred earliest for daughters. Some moneyed men effected their marriage settlements by means of bonds whereby they undertook certain obligations. The basic reason for the differences between a settlement of personal estate and the strict settlement of land was that the former was not made with the object of founding a family. This reflected a fundamental difference in the attitude of the bourgeoisie to property and family. It was natural for an established landowner to feel that he was the temporary custodian of the family estate for his descendants.Less
The chapter discusses the strict settlement and the estates system that prevailed in the past. The arrangements of most landed families were governed by the strict settlement, a form of legal arrangement which made it possible to tie up the succession of a specific landed estate. The transition from land to money occurred earliest for daughters. Some moneyed men effected their marriage settlements by means of bonds whereby they undertook certain obligations. The basic reason for the differences between a settlement of personal estate and the strict settlement of land was that the former was not made with the object of founding a family. This reflected a fundamental difference in the attitude of the bourgeoisie to property and family. It was natural for an established landowner to feel that he was the temporary custodian of the family estate for his descendants.
John Habakkuk
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203988
- eISBN:
- 9780191676062
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203988.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Until the later 19th century the great landlords and the gentry were the central element in the social and political life of the country, and even as late as 1940, in the supreme crisis of English ...
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Until the later 19th century the great landlords and the gentry were the central element in the social and political life of the country, and even as late as 1940, in the supreme crisis of English history, the choice of leader lay between a grandson of the 11th Earl of Devon and a grandson of the 7th Duke of Marlborough. This book examines the social and legal foundations of this class — the estate and the family — from the late 17th century, when it freed itself from many of the constraints of royal power, to the present century when it became submerged by mass democracy. It sets out to answer the question why, in the first industrial nation, the landed élite so long retained its role. This book is an examination of the structure of the landed family, its estate, and its relations with other social groups.Less
Until the later 19th century the great landlords and the gentry were the central element in the social and political life of the country, and even as late as 1940, in the supreme crisis of English history, the choice of leader lay between a grandson of the 11th Earl of Devon and a grandson of the 7th Duke of Marlborough. This book examines the social and legal foundations of this class — the estate and the family — from the late 17th century, when it freed itself from many of the constraints of royal power, to the present century when it became submerged by mass democracy. It sets out to answer the question why, in the first industrial nation, the landed élite so long retained its role. This book is an examination of the structure of the landed family, its estate, and its relations with other social groups.
Alexander M. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199605781
- eISBN:
- 9780191750649
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199605781.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Social History
With Chapter Five, the book pivots from intellectual to social history. The chapter explores the interactions between the aristocracy, that is, the socially dominant upper crust of the nobility, and ...
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With Chapter Five, the book pivots from intellectual to social history. The chapter explores the interactions between the aristocracy, that is, the socially dominant upper crust of the nobility, and the “middling sort”—rank-and-file nobles, merchants, clergy, and a smattering of other groups. Four questions structure the chapter. First, how the social hierarchy worked: the institutions, laws, and everyday forms of influence that determined a group’s social status. Next, the material underpinnings of this hierarchy: how wealth and material culture shaped the lives of the aristocracy and the middling sort. Third, the means by which the aristocrats maintained their dominant position, especially their ostentatious display of wealth and authority and their alternation between graciousness and snobbery. The final question is how the school system, with its bifurcation between all-estate schools and estate-specific schools, helped to shape the lives of the middling sort.Less
With Chapter Five, the book pivots from intellectual to social history. The chapter explores the interactions between the aristocracy, that is, the socially dominant upper crust of the nobility, and the “middling sort”—rank-and-file nobles, merchants, clergy, and a smattering of other groups. Four questions structure the chapter. First, how the social hierarchy worked: the institutions, laws, and everyday forms of influence that determined a group’s social status. Next, the material underpinnings of this hierarchy: how wealth and material culture shaped the lives of the aristocracy and the middling sort. Third, the means by which the aristocrats maintained their dominant position, especially their ostentatious display of wealth and authority and their alternation between graciousness and snobbery. The final question is how the school system, with its bifurcation between all-estate schools and estate-specific schools, helped to shape the lives of the middling sort.
Faith Hillis
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452192
- eISBN:
- 9780801469268
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452192.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Russian and Former Soviet Union History
This chapter examines how residents of the Dnieper region came to envision alternatives to the local estate system. During the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Little Russian nobles ...
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This chapter examines how residents of the Dnieper region came to envision alternatives to the local estate system. During the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Little Russian nobles descended from the early modern Cossack generals came to see the Orthodox East Slavs as the “native” inhabitants of the lands surrounding the Dnieper and chronicled their efforts to protect the traditions that they had inherited from Rus´. Presenting their native region as a citadel that had preserved authentic East Slavic values as well as a battlefield on which local residents struggled to defend their traditions, the Little Russian gentry thus insisted that the future of the East Slavs and the Russian empire would be decided on the banks of the Dnieper.Less
This chapter examines how residents of the Dnieper region came to envision alternatives to the local estate system. During the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Little Russian nobles descended from the early modern Cossack generals came to see the Orthodox East Slavs as the “native” inhabitants of the lands surrounding the Dnieper and chronicled their efforts to protect the traditions that they had inherited from Rus´. Presenting their native region as a citadel that had preserved authentic East Slavic values as well as a battlefield on which local residents struggled to defend their traditions, the Little Russian gentry thus insisted that the future of the East Slavs and the Russian empire would be decided on the banks of the Dnieper.
Ernst Fraenkel
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- June 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198716204
- eISBN:
- 9780191784378
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198716204.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History, Comparative Law
This chapter looks at the dual state and the separation of powers within by first considering the prerogative state and the role of the executive. It starts by looking at the history of the doctrine ...
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This chapter looks at the dual state and the separation of powers within by first considering the prerogative state and the role of the executive. It starts by looking at the history of the doctrine of the prerogative in Europe in general and in Germany in particular. It considers the notion of the normative state and what that meant for the German legal system in the late 1930s. It looks at the influence of National-Socialism in terms of the normative state and also the courts. The chapter then goes on to consider the estate system in Germany at that time and relates it to various economic systems, especially labor, as it states that the industrial working class were not adequately included in the estate system of National-Socialist Germany.Less
This chapter looks at the dual state and the separation of powers within by first considering the prerogative state and the role of the executive. It starts by looking at the history of the doctrine of the prerogative in Europe in general and in Germany in particular. It considers the notion of the normative state and what that meant for the German legal system in the late 1930s. It looks at the influence of National-Socialism in terms of the normative state and also the courts. The chapter then goes on to consider the estate system in Germany at that time and relates it to various economic systems, especially labor, as it states that the industrial working class were not adequately included in the estate system of National-Socialist Germany.
