Mark Tatham and Katherine Morton
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199250677
- eISBN:
- 9780191719462
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250677.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
This book is about the nature of expression in speech. It is a comprehensive exploration of how such expression is produced and understood, and of how the emotional content of spoken words may be ...
More
This book is about the nature of expression in speech. It is a comprehensive exploration of how such expression is produced and understood, and of how the emotional content of spoken words may be analysed, modelled, tested, and synthesized. Listeners can interpret tone-of-voice, assess emotional pitch, and effortlessly detect the finest modulations of speaker attitude; yet these processes present almost intractable difficulties to the researchers seeking to identify and understand them. In seeking to explain the production and perception of emotive content, the book reviews the potential of biological and cognitive models. It examines how the features that make up the speech production and perception systems have been studied by biologists, psychologists, and linguists, and assesses how far biological, behavioural, and linguistic models generate hypotheses that provide insights into the nature of expressive speech.Less
This book is about the nature of expression in speech. It is a comprehensive exploration of how such expression is produced and understood, and of how the emotional content of spoken words may be analysed, modelled, tested, and synthesized. Listeners can interpret tone-of-voice, assess emotional pitch, and effortlessly detect the finest modulations of speaker attitude; yet these processes present almost intractable difficulties to the researchers seeking to identify and understand them. In seeking to explain the production and perception of emotive content, the book reviews the potential of biological and cognitive models. It examines how the features that make up the speech production and perception systems have been studied by biologists, psychologists, and linguists, and assesses how far biological, behavioural, and linguistic models generate hypotheses that provide insights into the nature of expressive speech.
Mark Tatham and Katherine Morton
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199250677
- eISBN:
- 9780191719462
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250677.003.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
Contemporary speech production theory is introduced as the basis for modelling expression and emotive content in speech. The necessity for a computational approach is argued, together with the need ...
More
Contemporary speech production theory is introduced as the basis for modelling expression and emotive content in speech. The necessity for a computational approach is argued, together with the need for adequate testing of the models. Adding naturalness to synthetic speech, in the form of expressive content, is outlined as well as ideas about the inseparable relationship between production and perception.Less
Contemporary speech production theory is introduced as the basis for modelling expression and emotive content in speech. The necessity for a computational approach is argued, together with the need for adequate testing of the models. Adding naturalness to synthetic speech, in the form of expressive content, is outlined as well as ideas about the inseparable relationship between production and perception.
Mark Tatham and Katherine Morton
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199250677
- eISBN:
- 9780191719462
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250677.003.0008
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
This chapter emphasizes the notion that human speech is listener-centred; speech is intended to be heard and understood. Adding expressive and emotive content provides the listener with information ...
More
This chapter emphasizes the notion that human speech is listener-centred; speech is intended to be heard and understood. Adding expressive and emotive content provides the listener with information about the speaker’s identity (gender, age, education, etc.), the speaker’s attitude and feelings toward the listener, and the nature of what is being said. Adding this to synthesis presents problems, including determining the most useful type of synthesizer, incorporating a proposed prosodic wrapper for speech, linking parameters of emotive content with acoustic parameters, and with underlying theory constructs such as category labels or parameters for driving the synthesizer. The relationship between high- and low-level synthesis, and how to incorporate a range of emotive content and voice quality are discussed.Less
This chapter emphasizes the notion that human speech is listener-centred; speech is intended to be heard and understood. Adding expressive and emotive content provides the listener with information about the speaker’s identity (gender, age, education, etc.), the speaker’s attitude and feelings toward the listener, and the nature of what is being said. Adding this to synthesis presents problems, including determining the most useful type of synthesizer, incorporating a proposed prosodic wrapper for speech, linking parameters of emotive content with acoustic parameters, and with underlying theory constructs such as category labels or parameters for driving the synthesizer. The relationship between high- and low-level synthesis, and how to incorporate a range of emotive content and voice quality are discussed.
Mark Tatham and Katherine Morton
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199250677
- eISBN:
- 9780191719462
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250677.003.0010
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
This chapter outlines some accounts of the biological and cognitive systems which characterize the source of the emotive content of speech, followed by a general description of the biological ...
More
This chapter outlines some accounts of the biological and cognitive systems which characterize the source of the emotive content of speech, followed by a general description of the biological substrate, cognitive sourcing, and the link between biological and cognitive accounts. The function of emotion, the parameterization of emotion, and the problems of labelling emotion categories are developed.Less
This chapter outlines some accounts of the biological and cognitive systems which characterize the source of the emotive content of speech, followed by a general description of the biological substrate, cognitive sourcing, and the link between biological and cognitive accounts. The function of emotion, the parameterization of emotion, and the problems of labelling emotion categories are developed.
Mark Tatham and Katherine Morton
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199250677
- eISBN:
- 9780191719462
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250677.003.0005
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
This chapter emphasizes the distinction between intelligible synthetic speech and natural-sounding synthetic speech: expressive and emotive content contribute greatly to naturalness. All natural ...
More
This chapter emphasizes the distinction between intelligible synthetic speech and natural-sounding synthetic speech: expressive and emotive content contribute greatly to naturalness. All natural speech has expressive content; no natural speech is ever neutral. It follows that synthetic speech must incorporate expressive and emotive content in order to create natural-sounding speech, although the acoustic parameters of expression have not been adequately determined. The advantages and disadvantages of formant and concatenative synthesis for synthesizing expressive and emotive content are outlined.Less
This chapter emphasizes the distinction between intelligible synthetic speech and natural-sounding synthetic speech: expressive and emotive content contribute greatly to naturalness. All natural speech has expressive content; no natural speech is ever neutral. It follows that synthetic speech must incorporate expressive and emotive content in order to create natural-sounding speech, although the acoustic parameters of expression have not been adequately determined. The advantages and disadvantages of formant and concatenative synthesis for synthesizing expressive and emotive content are outlined.