Justine Cassell
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226720807
- eISBN:
- 9780226720838
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226720838.003.0017
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter, which describes the embodied conversational agents (ECAs) as mechanisms that make people attribute humanness and aliveness to them, conducts experiments on the essence of humanness and ...
More
This chapter, which describes the embodied conversational agents (ECAs) as mechanisms that make people attribute humanness and aliveness to them, conducts experiments on the essence of humanness and aliveness by exploring the interactions between actual and virtual humans. It also discusses the life that ECAs have acquired when they leave the lab—the uses to which companies and research labs have put them. ECAs are cartoonlike, often life-size, depictions of virtual humans that are projected on a screen. Building them has forced researchers in human behavior to attend to the integration of modalities and behaviors in a way that merges approaches from fields that usually do not speak to one another. The development of ECAs from a scientific instrument that simulates human behavior to an attractive interface bears interesting parallels to the history of mechanical automata.Less
This chapter, which describes the embodied conversational agents (ECAs) as mechanisms that make people attribute humanness and aliveness to them, conducts experiments on the essence of humanness and aliveness by exploring the interactions between actual and virtual humans. It also discusses the life that ECAs have acquired when they leave the lab—the uses to which companies and research labs have put them. ECAs are cartoonlike, often life-size, depictions of virtual humans that are projected on a screen. Building them has forced researchers in human behavior to attend to the integration of modalities and behaviors in a way that merges approaches from fields that usually do not speak to one another. The development of ECAs from a scientific instrument that simulates human behavior to an attractive interface bears interesting parallels to the history of mechanical automata.
Timo Sowa, Stefan Kopp, Susan Duncan, David McNeill, and Ipke Wachsmuth
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199231751
- eISBN:
- 9780191696527
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231751.003.0018
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter discusses and assesses the feasibility of operationalising Growth Point Theory's model of language production in embodied conversational agents (ECAs). First, the chapter outlines the ...
More
This chapter discusses and assesses the feasibility of operationalising Growth Point Theory's model of language production in embodied conversational agents (ECAs). First, the chapter outlines the cornerstones of non-modular Growth Point Theory and its empirical basis. It then gives an overview of gesture and speech production models that are currently realised in ECAs, and discuss their potential and limitations with respect to which characteristics of natural speech and gesture they can account for. Finally, it discusses which requirements a technical model must meet in order to be more compatible with Growth Point Theory.Less
This chapter discusses and assesses the feasibility of operationalising Growth Point Theory's model of language production in embodied conversational agents (ECAs). First, the chapter outlines the cornerstones of non-modular Growth Point Theory and its empirical basis. It then gives an overview of gesture and speech production models that are currently realised in ECAs, and discuss their potential and limitations with respect to which characteristics of natural speech and gesture they can account for. Finally, it discusses which requirements a technical model must meet in order to be more compatible with Growth Point Theory.
Kristina Striegnitz, Paul Tepper, Andrew Lovett, and Justine Cassell
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199554201
- eISBN:
- 9780191721236
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199554201.003.0011
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Semantics and Pragmatics, Theoretical Linguistics
This chapter describes a corpus study that shows that the perspective reflected in the gestures people use to refer to landmarks when giving route directions is partly determined by dialogue context. ...
More
This chapter describes a corpus study that shows that the perspective reflected in the gestures people use to refer to landmarks when giving route directions is partly determined by dialogue context. Furthermore, it presents knowledge representation and content determination strategies for automatically generating such gestures for an embodied conversational agent.Less
This chapter describes a corpus study that shows that the perspective reflected in the gestures people use to refer to landmarks when giving route directions is partly determined by dialogue context. Furthermore, it presents knowledge representation and content determination strategies for automatically generating such gestures for an embodied conversational agent.
Justine Cassell
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198524519
- eISBN:
- 9780191689215
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198524519.003.0011
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter discusses ‘embodied conversational agents’ as a way of modeling human gesture–speech behaviour, and as a way of creating a new paradigm for human–computer interaction. In terms of the ...
More
This chapter discusses ‘embodied conversational agents’ as a way of modeling human gesture–speech behaviour, and as a way of creating a new paradigm for human–computer interaction. In terms of the first goal, it provides evidence that gesture and speech are different communicative manifestations of one single mental representation by attempting to model the interaction between them. Research on the relationship between gesture and speech has been difficult to evaluate because of its descriptive basis. One way to move from descriptive to predictive theories is via formal models, which point up gaps in knowledge and fuzziness in theoretical explanations.Less
This chapter discusses ‘embodied conversational agents’ as a way of modeling human gesture–speech behaviour, and as a way of creating a new paradigm for human–computer interaction. In terms of the first goal, it provides evidence that gesture and speech are different communicative manifestations of one single mental representation by attempting to model the interaction between them. Research on the relationship between gesture and speech has been difficult to evaluate because of its descriptive basis. One way to move from descriptive to predictive theories is via formal models, which point up gaps in knowledge and fuzziness in theoretical explanations.
