Anin Aroonruengsawat and Maximilian Auffhammer
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226479880
- eISBN:
- 9780226479903
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226479903.003.0012
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter provides information critical for formulating policy in the energy sector and describes analysis of an unusually complete panel data set for California from 2003 to 2006. Supplementing ...
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This chapter provides information critical for formulating policy in the energy sector and describes analysis of an unusually complete panel data set for California from 2003 to 2006. Supplementing these data with weather data and census information by zip code and controlling for household, month, and year fixed effects, the electricity consumption response to changes in temperature across sixteen climate zones is examined. Flexible temperature response functions are estimated by zone, and there is heterogeneity in the response. The greatest impact occurs in areas with the largest number of high and extremely high temperatures. The impact of other variables on electricity consumption, including the percent of households using electricity for heating, the percent using natural gas, urban location, and age of the structure is also explored. Overall, the study finds larger and more nonlinear impacts on electricity consumption from temperature extremes than had been previously found.Less
This chapter provides information critical for formulating policy in the energy sector and describes analysis of an unusually complete panel data set for California from 2003 to 2006. Supplementing these data with weather data and census information by zip code and controlling for household, month, and year fixed effects, the electricity consumption response to changes in temperature across sixteen climate zones is examined. Flexible temperature response functions are estimated by zone, and there is heterogeneity in the response. The greatest impact occurs in areas with the largest number of high and extremely high temperatures. The impact of other variables on electricity consumption, including the percent of households using electricity for heating, the percent using natural gas, urban location, and age of the structure is also explored. Overall, the study finds larger and more nonlinear impacts on electricity consumption from temperature extremes than had been previously found.
LeRoy Paddock and Charlotte Youngblood
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199645039
- eISBN:
- 9780191738647
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199645039.003.0009
- Subject:
- Law, Environmental and Energy Law, Public International Law
Demand response (DR) describes approaches to reducing electricity demand by end-users rather than adding generation to increase the ‘supply’ of electricity. DR programmes attempt to encourage ...
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Demand response (DR) describes approaches to reducing electricity demand by end-users rather than adding generation to increase the ‘supply’ of electricity. DR programmes attempt to encourage consumers to either change their electricity usage at certain time periods (‘load shifting’ or ‘peak load shaving’), or to reduce overall electricity use permanently (energy efficiency). Under United States law, ‘demand response’ is defined as ‘a reduction in the consumption of electric energy by customers from their expected consumption in response to an increase in the price of electric energy or to incentive payments designed to induce lower consumption of electric energy’. This chapter explores the evolution of DR programmes in the United States and their impact on electricity networks.Less
Demand response (DR) describes approaches to reducing electricity demand by end-users rather than adding generation to increase the ‘supply’ of electricity. DR programmes attempt to encourage consumers to either change their electricity usage at certain time periods (‘load shifting’ or ‘peak load shaving’), or to reduce overall electricity use permanently (energy efficiency). Under United States law, ‘demand response’ is defined as ‘a reduction in the consumption of electric energy by customers from their expected consumption in response to an increase in the price of electric energy or to incentive payments designed to induce lower consumption of electric energy’. This chapter explores the evolution of DR programmes in the United States and their impact on electricity networks.
Roger Karapin
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262027120
- eISBN:
- 9780262323871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027120.003.0005
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Environmental Studies
This chapter compares wind-power development in Germany and the United States by focusing on the share of each country's total electricity generation or consumption that is produced from wind. More ...
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This chapter compares wind-power development in Germany and the United States by focusing on the share of each country's total electricity generation or consumption that is produced from wind. More specifically, it examines the differences between the two countries in the extent to which they have developed wind power successfully based on two contrasting theoretical perspectives, one dealing with socioeconomic structures and political institutions, and the other on the interaction between problem and political streams. It also discusses three phases in wind-power development in the two countries: US leadership (1978–1993); Germany's rise into a growing leadership role (1993–2004); and the beginning of catch-up by the United States (2004–present). Finally, it explains how certain combinations of structures and processes drove the turning points between these phases, along with the implications for theories of environmental outcomes and for multiple-streams theory.Less
This chapter compares wind-power development in Germany and the United States by focusing on the share of each country's total electricity generation or consumption that is produced from wind. More specifically, it examines the differences between the two countries in the extent to which they have developed wind power successfully based on two contrasting theoretical perspectives, one dealing with socioeconomic structures and political institutions, and the other on the interaction between problem and political streams. It also discusses three phases in wind-power development in the two countries: US leadership (1978–1993); Germany's rise into a growing leadership role (1993–2004); and the beginning of catch-up by the United States (2004–present). Finally, it explains how certain combinations of structures and processes drove the turning points between these phases, along with the implications for theories of environmental outcomes and for multiple-streams theory.
