Donald Markwell
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198292364
- eISBN:
- 9780191715525
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198292364.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of the writings of John Maynard Keynes and how students of Keynes have failed to study his thinking from the perspective of international ...
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This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of the writings of John Maynard Keynes and how students of Keynes have failed to study his thinking from the perspective of international relations. It then provides an overview of this book, which seeks to explain the thinking about international relations which underlay Keynes’s writings and actions. It does so through a systematic exegesis of Keynes’s thinking on international relations as it evolved from his undergraduate days until his death.Less
This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of the writings of John Maynard Keynes and how students of Keynes have failed to study his thinking from the perspective of international relations. It then provides an overview of this book, which seeks to explain the thinking about international relations which underlay Keynes’s writings and actions. It does so through a systematic exegesis of Keynes’s thinking on international relations as it evolved from his undergraduate days until his death.
Donald Markwell
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198292364
- eISBN:
- 9780191715525
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198292364.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Sixty years after his death, the life and thought of the economist, John Maynard Keynes, continues to be a subject of the greatest interest to scholars. Yet one of the most significant areas of ...
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Sixty years after his death, the life and thought of the economist, John Maynard Keynes, continues to be a subject of the greatest interest to scholars. Yet one of the most significant areas of Keynes's thinking has been strangely overlooked — international relations, a subject that was always of central importance to him. This book explores comprehensively, for the first time, the evolution of Keynes's thinking on international relations. It shows how this is linked to the changing of his opinions on economic matters, in a way which deepens the understanding of both. Drawing upon a wide range of significant source material in American and British archives, the book shows entirely new aspects of Keynes.Less
Sixty years after his death, the life and thought of the economist, John Maynard Keynes, continues to be a subject of the greatest interest to scholars. Yet one of the most significant areas of Keynes's thinking has been strangely overlooked — international relations, a subject that was always of central importance to him. This book explores comprehensively, for the first time, the evolution of Keynes's thinking on international relations. It shows how this is linked to the changing of his opinions on economic matters, in a way which deepens the understanding of both. Drawing upon a wide range of significant source material in American and British archives, the book shows entirely new aspects of Keynes.
Till Wahnbaeck
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199269839
- eISBN:
- 9780191710056
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199269839.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Economic History
This book charts the development of political economy in eighteenth-century Italy, and it argues that the focus on economic thought is characteristic of the Italian enlightenment at large. Through an ...
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This book charts the development of political economy in eighteenth-century Italy, and it argues that the focus on economic thought is characteristic of the Italian enlightenment at large. Through an analysis of the debate about luxury, it traces the shaping of a new language of political economy which was inspired by, and contributed to, European debate, but which offered solutions that were as much shaped by intellectual traditions and socio-economic circumstances as by French or Scottish precedent. Ultimately, those traditions were responsible for the development of very distinct ‘cultures of enlightenment’ across the peninsula -from the insertion of the economy into the edifice of enlightened Catholicism, to the development of physiocracy in Tuscany, to a new analytical approach to economics in the Milanese enlightenment. The author draws on treatises, academic debates, university lectures, sermons, letters, dictionaries, and personal sketches to trace the development of a public culture in Italy in the middle of the century, to establish the channels for the transmission of ideas between Italy, France, and Scotland, and the development of an analytical language of economy in Milan in the second half of the century. This work relates those developments to the socio-economic and political contexts in which they occurred and argues that the focus on the economy (especially in northern Italy) can be explained by a triple reason: against the background of a declining economy and a shift towards agriculture in a competitive European environment, economic thought addressed the region's most pressing needs; secondly, subjection to Habsburg rule meant that political reform was monopolized in Vienna, whereas economic policy was an area of developed government and hence offered a safe route to influence without infringing on Habsburg prerogatives; and finally, advances in economic thinking in Milan in particular provided a claim to power against the previous generation which had dominated the field of jurisprudence.Less
This book charts the development of political economy in eighteenth-century Italy, and it argues that the focus on economic thought is characteristic of the Italian enlightenment at large. Through an analysis of the debate about luxury, it traces the shaping of a new language of political economy which was inspired by, and contributed to, European debate, but which offered solutions that were as much shaped by intellectual traditions and socio-economic circumstances as by French or Scottish precedent. Ultimately, those traditions were responsible for the development of very distinct ‘cultures of enlightenment’ across the peninsula -from the insertion of the economy into the edifice of enlightened Catholicism, to the development of physiocracy in Tuscany, to a new analytical approach to economics in the Milanese enlightenment. The author draws on treatises, academic debates, university lectures, sermons, letters, dictionaries, and personal sketches to trace the development of a public culture in Italy in the middle of the century, to establish the channels for the transmission of ideas between Italy, France, and Scotland, and the development of an analytical language of economy in Milan in the second half of the century. This work relates those developments to the socio-economic and political contexts in which they occurred and argues that the focus on the economy (especially in northern Italy) can be explained by a triple reason: against the background of a declining economy and a shift towards agriculture in a competitive European environment, economic thought addressed the region's most pressing needs; secondly, subjection to Habsburg rule meant that political reform was monopolized in Vienna, whereas economic policy was an area of developed government and hence offered a safe route to influence without infringing on Habsburg prerogatives; and finally, advances in economic thinking in Milan in particular provided a claim to power against the previous generation which had dominated the field of jurisprudence.
TILL WAHNBAECK
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199269839
- eISBN:
- 9780191710056
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199269839.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Economic History
This chapter investigates the treatment of luxury by Ferdinando Paoletti, who was influenced by the issue of economic stagnation, peasant ministry, and improvement of the countryside. It explains ...
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This chapter investigates the treatment of luxury by Ferdinando Paoletti, who was influenced by the issue of economic stagnation, peasant ministry, and improvement of the countryside. It explains that Paoletti argues that luxury detracts from efforts to make agriculture profitable and that the inspiration that he drew from physiocratic writings was visible enough. It discusses how the pragmatic tradition of Tuscan thought together with the powerful influence of French economic thinking had substantially altered the discussion. It stresses that even the enlightened Catholic tradition had to accept the vocabulary and the concepts of the pragmatic school in order to say their moral concerns.Less
This chapter investigates the treatment of luxury by Ferdinando Paoletti, who was influenced by the issue of economic stagnation, peasant ministry, and improvement of the countryside. It explains that Paoletti argues that luxury detracts from efforts to make agriculture profitable and that the inspiration that he drew from physiocratic writings was visible enough. It discusses how the pragmatic tradition of Tuscan thought together with the powerful influence of French economic thinking had substantially altered the discussion. It stresses that even the enlightened Catholic tradition had to accept the vocabulary and the concepts of the pragmatic school in order to say their moral concerns.
Nancy E. Gutman
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198288848
- eISBN:
- 9780191684654
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198288848.003.0003
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter attempts to illustrate how John Maynard Keynes came up with an effort to reclaim the authority attributed to the lived experiences of economic agents to establish a basis for formulating ...
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This chapter attempts to illustrate how John Maynard Keynes came up with an effort to reclaim the authority attributed to the lived experiences of economic agents to establish a basis for formulating various economic theories. In addressing the bias of mainstream theory against obtaining knowledge through means of experimentation, Keynes focuses on the alarming changes and events that occurred over the period in which he had expressed his thoughts. In doing so, his innovations have gone beyond mere economic theory to economic thought’s methodology. This chapter attempts to derive the prominent themes from Keynes’s works, develops these themes, and analyzes how they have resulted as consequences of his endeavours to establish the connection between human conduct and various human beliefs.Less
This chapter attempts to illustrate how John Maynard Keynes came up with an effort to reclaim the authority attributed to the lived experiences of economic agents to establish a basis for formulating various economic theories. In addressing the bias of mainstream theory against obtaining knowledge through means of experimentation, Keynes focuses on the alarming changes and events that occurred over the period in which he had expressed his thoughts. In doing so, his innovations have gone beyond mere economic theory to economic thought’s methodology. This chapter attempts to derive the prominent themes from Keynes’s works, develops these themes, and analyzes how they have resulted as consequences of his endeavours to establish the connection between human conduct and various human beliefs.
ERIK GRIMMER-SOLEM
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199260416
- eISBN:
- 9780191717369
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199260416.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Social History, Economic History
This chapter presents a critical assessment of the ‘German Historical School’, testing the validity of this rubric in the history of economic thought by evaluating how it has been used and abused ...
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This chapter presents a critical assessment of the ‘German Historical School’, testing the validity of this rubric in the history of economic thought by evaluating how it has been used and abused over time, what it came to mean, and some of the problems this raises.Less
This chapter presents a critical assessment of the ‘German Historical School’, testing the validity of this rubric in the history of economic thought by evaluating how it has been used and abused over time, what it came to mean, and some of the problems this raises.
Jim Tomlinson
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199236589
- eISBN:
- 9780191730955
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199236589.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter charts the career of metropolitan beliefs about the economic meaning and importance of the British empire in the twentieth century. It analyses the waxing and waning of such sentiments, ...
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This chapter charts the career of metropolitan beliefs about the economic meaning and importance of the British empire in the twentieth century. It analyses the waxing and waning of such sentiments, and how they related to the broad context of shifting approaches to the British economy. But an aggregate chronological picture of ‘waxing and waning’, while important and accurate in the round, obscures some of the cross‐cutting patterns which emphasize that there was never one ‘thing’ called the empire, but different empires according to the understandings brought to bear by a range of analysts and policy‐makers. For much of this period London's focus was on the dominions, the dependent empire only periodically being a source of serious concern. Within Britain, empire had greatly varying significance for different regions; for some parts of the country the direct economic connections were small, for others absolutely crucial to their welfare.Less
This chapter charts the career of metropolitan beliefs about the economic meaning and importance of the British empire in the twentieth century. It analyses the waxing and waning of such sentiments, and how they related to the broad context of shifting approaches to the British economy. But an aggregate chronological picture of ‘waxing and waning’, while important and accurate in the round, obscures some of the cross‐cutting patterns which emphasize that there was never one ‘thing’ called the empire, but different empires according to the understandings brought to bear by a range of analysts and policy‐makers. For much of this period London's focus was on the dominions, the dependent empire only periodically being a source of serious concern. Within Britain, empire had greatly varying significance for different regions; for some parts of the country the direct economic connections were small, for others absolutely crucial to their welfare.
Janine Aron, Brian Kahn, and Geeta Kingdon
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199551460
- eISBN:
- 9780191720376
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199551460.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare, Economic Systems
This chapter begins with a discussion of the social and economic legacy of the apartheid era. It then discusses the evolution of economic policy thinking in South Africa, international reintegration, ...
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This chapter begins with a discussion of the social and economic legacy of the apartheid era. It then discusses the evolution of economic policy thinking in South Africa, international reintegration, trends in inequality and poverty, and growth and the reduction of unemployment.Less
This chapter begins with a discussion of the social and economic legacy of the apartheid era. It then discusses the evolution of economic policy thinking in South Africa, international reintegration, trends in inequality and poverty, and growth and the reduction of unemployment.
Anton Hemerijck (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847429247
- eISBN:
- 9781447305613
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847429247.003.0002
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
This chapter analyses three distinct phases of welfare state reconfiguration: the era of welfare state expansion and class compromise, starting at the end of World War II; the period of welfare ...
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This chapter analyses three distinct phases of welfare state reconfiguration: the era of welfare state expansion and class compromise, starting at the end of World War II; the period of welfare retrenchment and neo-liberalism, which took shape in the wake of the oil shocks of mid- to late-1970s; and the more recent epoch since the mid-1990s, in which social investment policy prescriptions took root. It provides us with an understanding of each period as marked by distinctive social policy repertoires, anchored in hegemonic economic theories, designed to respond to both socioeconomic and political contexts and the challenges of the day. The chapter analyses the economic thinking that can be associated with the social investment perspective.Less
This chapter analyses three distinct phases of welfare state reconfiguration: the era of welfare state expansion and class compromise, starting at the end of World War II; the period of welfare retrenchment and neo-liberalism, which took shape in the wake of the oil shocks of mid- to late-1970s; and the more recent epoch since the mid-1990s, in which social investment policy prescriptions took root. It provides us with an understanding of each period as marked by distinctive social policy repertoires, anchored in hegemonic economic theories, designed to respond to both socioeconomic and political contexts and the challenges of the day. The chapter analyses the economic thinking that can be associated with the social investment perspective.
Ramprasad Sengupta
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198081654
- eISBN:
- 9780199082407
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198081654.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
The introductory chapter describes the scopes of the sciences of ecology and economics pointing out how the former analyses the life process in biosphere abstracting from human society while the ...
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The introductory chapter describes the scopes of the sciences of ecology and economics pointing out how the former analyses the life process in biosphere abstracting from human society while the latter analyses the behaviour of human well being as driven by the processes of production and exchange of commodities abstracting from the nature. It shows the limitation of such segmentation of scopes and points to the necessity of a holistic approach for understanding the interactive relationship between the human economy and the natural environment. This relationship as determined by the laws of entropy and material balances sets ecological limits to the growth and development of an economy expressed in the forms of resource scarcity and environmental degradation. Finally, the chapter has also traced the roles of the natural resources or the bio-physical foundation of production in the evolution of economic thought from the physiocrats to the neoclassicals of modern times.Less
The introductory chapter describes the scopes of the sciences of ecology and economics pointing out how the former analyses the life process in biosphere abstracting from human society while the latter analyses the behaviour of human well being as driven by the processes of production and exchange of commodities abstracting from the nature. It shows the limitation of such segmentation of scopes and points to the necessity of a holistic approach for understanding the interactive relationship between the human economy and the natural environment. This relationship as determined by the laws of entropy and material balances sets ecological limits to the growth and development of an economy expressed in the forms of resource scarcity and environmental degradation. Finally, the chapter has also traced the roles of the natural resources or the bio-physical foundation of production in the evolution of economic thought from the physiocrats to the neoclassicals of modern times.
Joe Earle, Cahal Moran, and Zach Ward-Perkins
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781526110121
- eISBN:
- 9781526120748
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526110121.003.0005
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, History of Economic Thought
Chapter 4 details the history of how the discipline of economics came to be so narrow and the more recent student led movements to reform it. It also includes a critique of the new CORE syllabus.
Chapter 4 details the history of how the discipline of economics came to be so narrow and the more recent student led movements to reform it. It also includes a critique of the new CORE syllabus.
Thomas Bay
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748620920
- eISBN:
- 9780748652365
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748620920.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This chapter addresses the problem concerning Gilles Deleuze's assertion that the link between man and the world is broken and that we need reasons to believe in this world. It argues that if we ...
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This chapter addresses the problem concerning Gilles Deleuze's assertion that the link between man and the world is broken and that we need reasons to believe in this world. It argues that if we consider the functioning of an economy or that capacity for subordinating the vitalities of life to its own workings, then we need we think of economy beyond the universal law of exchange. It attempts to affirm the practice of begging as the non-thought within economic thought itself, the outside that always remains to be thought, that which the economy is unable to think.Less
This chapter addresses the problem concerning Gilles Deleuze's assertion that the link between man and the world is broken and that we need reasons to believe in this world. It argues that if we consider the functioning of an economy or that capacity for subordinating the vitalities of life to its own workings, then we need we think of economy beyond the universal law of exchange. It attempts to affirm the practice of begging as the non-thought within economic thought itself, the outside that always remains to be thought, that which the economy is unable to think.
Xenophon
Gregory A. McBrayer (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781501718496
- eISBN:
- 9781501718519
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501718496.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This volume contains new, literal translations of Xenophon’s eight shorter writings along with interpretive essays on each work: Hiero, or The Skilled Tyrant; Agesilaus; Regime of the Lacedaemonians; ...
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This volume contains new, literal translations of Xenophon’s eight shorter writings along with interpretive essays on each work: Hiero, or The Skilled Tyrant; Agesilaus; Regime of the Lacedaemonians; Regime of the Athenians; Ways and Means, or On Revenue; The Skilled Cavalry Commander; On Horsemanship; and The One Skilled at Hunting with Dogs. The Agesilaos is a eulogy of a Spartan king, and the Hiero, or the Skilled Tyrant recounts a searching dialogue between a poet and a tyrant. The Regime of the Lacedaemonians presents itself as a laudatory examination of what turns out to be an oligarchic regime of a certain type, while The Regime of the Athenians offers an unflattering picture of a democratic regime. Ways and Means, or On Revenues offers suggestions on how to improve the political economy of Athens’ troubled democracy. The other three works included here—The Skilled Cavalry Commander, On Horsemanship, and The One Skilled at Hunting with Dogs—treat skills that are appropriate for gentlemen. By bringing together Xenophon’s shorter writings, this volume aims to help all those interested in Xenophon understand better the core of his thought, political as well as philosophic.Less
This volume contains new, literal translations of Xenophon’s eight shorter writings along with interpretive essays on each work: Hiero, or The Skilled Tyrant; Agesilaus; Regime of the Lacedaemonians; Regime of the Athenians; Ways and Means, or On Revenue; The Skilled Cavalry Commander; On Horsemanship; and The One Skilled at Hunting with Dogs. The Agesilaos is a eulogy of a Spartan king, and the Hiero, or the Skilled Tyrant recounts a searching dialogue between a poet and a tyrant. The Regime of the Lacedaemonians presents itself as a laudatory examination of what turns out to be an oligarchic regime of a certain type, while The Regime of the Athenians offers an unflattering picture of a democratic regime. Ways and Means, or On Revenues offers suggestions on how to improve the political economy of Athens’ troubled democracy. The other three works included here—The Skilled Cavalry Commander, On Horsemanship, and The One Skilled at Hunting with Dogs—treat skills that are appropriate for gentlemen. By bringing together Xenophon’s shorter writings, this volume aims to help all those interested in Xenophon understand better the core of his thought, political as well as philosophic.
Roger W. Spencer and David A. Macpherson (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262027960
- eISBN:
- 9780262325868
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027960.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This book is an informal history of modern economic thought as told through autobiographical chapters by twenty-three Nobel Prize laureates in Economics. The chapters not only provide unique insights ...
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This book is an informal history of modern economic thought as told through autobiographical chapters by twenty-three Nobel Prize laureates in Economics. The chapters not only provide unique insights into major economic ideas of our time but also shed light on the processes of intellectual discovery and creativity. This edition adds four recent Nobelists to its pages: Eric Maskin, who illustrates his explanation of mechanism design with an example involving a mother, a cake, and two children; Joseph Stiglitz, who recounts his field's ideological wars linked to policy disputes; Paul Krugman, who describes the insights he gained from studying the model of the Capitol Hill Babysitting Coop (and the recession it suffered when more people wanted to accumulate babysitting coupons than redeem them); and Peter Diamond, who maps his development from student to teacher to policy analyst. This text grows out of a continuing lecture series at Trinity University in San Antonio, which invites Nobelists from American universities to describe their evolution as economists in personal as well as technical terms.Less
This book is an informal history of modern economic thought as told through autobiographical chapters by twenty-three Nobel Prize laureates in Economics. The chapters not only provide unique insights into major economic ideas of our time but also shed light on the processes of intellectual discovery and creativity. This edition adds four recent Nobelists to its pages: Eric Maskin, who illustrates his explanation of mechanism design with an example involving a mother, a cake, and two children; Joseph Stiglitz, who recounts his field's ideological wars linked to policy disputes; Paul Krugman, who describes the insights he gained from studying the model of the Capitol Hill Babysitting Coop (and the recession it suffered when more people wanted to accumulate babysitting coupons than redeem them); and Peter Diamond, who maps his development from student to teacher to policy analyst. This text grows out of a continuing lecture series at Trinity University in San Antonio, which invites Nobelists from American universities to describe their evolution as economists in personal as well as technical terms.
Roger W. Spencer and David A. Macpherson
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262027960
- eISBN:
- 9780262325868
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027960.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This chapter describes the life and work of Kenneth J. Arrow who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1972. Arrow was born in 1921, attended City College, and received his Ph.D. from Columbia University. ...
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This chapter describes the life and work of Kenneth J. Arrow who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1972. Arrow was born in 1921, attended City College, and received his Ph.D. from Columbia University. He held the position of professor of economics, statistics, and operations research at Stanford University from 1953–1968. He was interested in the history of economic thought, particularly with reference to the relative importance of different factors in the development of new ideas. He studied developments in fields related to economics. For example, he looked at existence theorems using abstract and mathematical concepts. This research lead him to search for more applications of general equilibrium theory. He introduced the concept of contingent contracts, postulating on the existence of insurance against all conceivable risks. He developed a theorist's view of the economics of medical care for the Ford Foundation. Two books he wrote were Essays in the Theory of Risk-Bearing and The Limits of Organization.Less
This chapter describes the life and work of Kenneth J. Arrow who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1972. Arrow was born in 1921, attended City College, and received his Ph.D. from Columbia University. He held the position of professor of economics, statistics, and operations research at Stanford University from 1953–1968. He was interested in the history of economic thought, particularly with reference to the relative importance of different factors in the development of new ideas. He studied developments in fields related to economics. For example, he looked at existence theorems using abstract and mathematical concepts. This research lead him to search for more applications of general equilibrium theory. He introduced the concept of contingent contracts, postulating on the existence of insurance against all conceivable risks. He developed a theorist's view of the economics of medical care for the Ford Foundation. Two books he wrote were Essays in the Theory of Risk-Bearing and The Limits of Organization.
Stefania Tutino
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- November 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190694098
- eISBN:
- 9780190694128
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190694098.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter provides a thematic analysis of some of the most significant applications of probabilism to a number of epistemological, intellectual, political, and theological questions. It focuses on ...
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This chapter provides a thematic analysis of some of the most significant applications of probabilism to a number of epistemological, intellectual, political, and theological questions. It focuses on four early seventeenth-century authors, each using probabilism to advance a specific intellectual agenda: Tomás Sánchez and his effort to articulate probability as a trait d’union between conscience and law in the context of his elaboration on the doctrine on marriage; Leonardus Lessius and his attempt to use probabilism to update Catholic doctrine and especially Catholic economic thought; Juan Azor and his endeavor to structure probabilism within a stable and coherent system of knowledge; and Emmanuel Sa and his vulgarization of probabilism for the sake of confessors and other readers who did not necessarily have a deep background in, and extensive knowledge of, moral theology.Less
This chapter provides a thematic analysis of some of the most significant applications of probabilism to a number of epistemological, intellectual, political, and theological questions. It focuses on four early seventeenth-century authors, each using probabilism to advance a specific intellectual agenda: Tomás Sánchez and his effort to articulate probability as a trait d’union between conscience and law in the context of his elaboration on the doctrine on marriage; Leonardus Lessius and his attempt to use probabilism to update Catholic doctrine and especially Catholic economic thought; Juan Azor and his endeavor to structure probabilism within a stable and coherent system of knowledge; and Emmanuel Sa and his vulgarization of probabilism for the sake of confessors and other readers who did not necessarily have a deep background in, and extensive knowledge of, moral theology.
Margaret Schabas
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226735696
- eISBN:
- 9780226735719
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226735719.003.0004
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This chapter examines the contribution of Enlightenment philosopher David Hume to the development of the concept of political economy. It explains that though Hume's primary focus was directed toward ...
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This chapter examines the contribution of Enlightenment philosopher David Hume to the development of the concept of political economy. It explains that though Hume's primary focus was directed toward human nature the broader framework of his inquiry was the natural realm. Also his knowledge of natural philosophy seeped into his moral philosophy and, more specifically, his political economy. This chapter also shows that Hume was well acquainted with natural philosophy and that there are aspects of his economic thought that reflect that knowledge.Less
This chapter examines the contribution of Enlightenment philosopher David Hume to the development of the concept of political economy. It explains that though Hume's primary focus was directed toward human nature the broader framework of his inquiry was the natural realm. Also his knowledge of natural philosophy seeped into his moral philosophy and, more specifically, his political economy. This chapter also shows that Hume was well acquainted with natural philosophy and that there are aspects of his economic thought that reflect that knowledge.
Venu Madhav Govindu and Deepak Malghan
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199460816
- eISBN:
- 9780199087150
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199460816.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Indian History
Freedom fighter, economic philosopher, environmentalist and Gandhian constructive worker, Joseph Cornelius Kumarappa (1892–1960) was a man of many parts. Driven by his convictions, he abandoned a ...
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Freedom fighter, economic philosopher, environmentalist and Gandhian constructive worker, Joseph Cornelius Kumarappa (1892–1960) was a man of many parts. Driven by his convictions, he abandoned a life of prosperity and comfort to throw in his lot with that of Mahatma Gandhi. The result was a lifetime spent championing the cause of rural India, both under British Raj and after Independence. Kumarappa was that rare thinker who married theory with practice. He wrote extensively on economic philosophy, political economy, and the fate of agrarian India. Kumarappa’s clear-eyed exposition marked him out as the primary advocate of a decentralized economy and an early Indian environmentalist, but he was also a creative interpreter of Christian thought and Sarvodaya. In order to address the pressing needs of the village, he worked on improving village industries that offered a livelihood to millions. If Gandhi’s swaraj was more than political self-rule, it was Kumarappa who gave it economic content and meaning. In turn, he also influenced Gandhi’s own thinking on economic matters. In his fight for economic justice, Kumarappa challenged received wisdom on industrialization and modernity. Seen from this perspective, this book examines the many vital political and economic choices in the crucial decades before and after the pivotal year of 1947, that is, economic planning in the 1930s, Britain’s exploitation of India during the Second World War, agrarian reform in independent India, the Cold Wars shadow on India’s developmental policy, and the response of the Gandhians and the Congress to the challenges of a post-Gandhi era. Based on extensive archival research, this highly readable intellectual biography presents the fascinating story of Kumarappa’s life, work, and ideas that have a strikingly contemporary resonance.Less
Freedom fighter, economic philosopher, environmentalist and Gandhian constructive worker, Joseph Cornelius Kumarappa (1892–1960) was a man of many parts. Driven by his convictions, he abandoned a life of prosperity and comfort to throw in his lot with that of Mahatma Gandhi. The result was a lifetime spent championing the cause of rural India, both under British Raj and after Independence. Kumarappa was that rare thinker who married theory with practice. He wrote extensively on economic philosophy, political economy, and the fate of agrarian India. Kumarappa’s clear-eyed exposition marked him out as the primary advocate of a decentralized economy and an early Indian environmentalist, but he was also a creative interpreter of Christian thought and Sarvodaya. In order to address the pressing needs of the village, he worked on improving village industries that offered a livelihood to millions. If Gandhi’s swaraj was more than political self-rule, it was Kumarappa who gave it economic content and meaning. In turn, he also influenced Gandhi’s own thinking on economic matters. In his fight for economic justice, Kumarappa challenged received wisdom on industrialization and modernity. Seen from this perspective, this book examines the many vital political and economic choices in the crucial decades before and after the pivotal year of 1947, that is, economic planning in the 1930s, Britain’s exploitation of India during the Second World War, agrarian reform in independent India, the Cold Wars shadow on India’s developmental policy, and the response of the Gandhians and the Congress to the challenges of a post-Gandhi era. Based on extensive archival research, this highly readable intellectual biography presents the fascinating story of Kumarappa’s life, work, and ideas that have a strikingly contemporary resonance.
Niv Horesh
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780804787192
- eISBN:
- 9780804788540
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804787192.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This book offers an interpretation of the Chinese monetary system, charting its evolution by examining key moments in history – from BCE 600 up to the present. It places these moments in ...
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This book offers an interpretation of the Chinese monetary system, charting its evolution by examining key moments in history – from BCE 600 up to the present. It places these moments in international perspective by comparing primary sources in multiple languages and across three millennia. The book begins exploring the trajectory of Chinese currency at the birth of coinage around the world and ends with the implications of the current global financial crisis for China and the rest of the world. Its narrative highlights the way that Chinese money developed in relation to the currencies of other countries, paying special attention to the origins of paper money, the relationship between the West’s ascendancy and its mineral riches, the linkages between pre-modern finance, debasement, and then inflation with the emergence of nation-statehood. The book then looks ahead to the possible globalization of the RMB, the currency of the People’s Republic of China against the backdrop of growing global uncertainties as to America’s federal debt.Less
This book offers an interpretation of the Chinese monetary system, charting its evolution by examining key moments in history – from BCE 600 up to the present. It places these moments in international perspective by comparing primary sources in multiple languages and across three millennia. The book begins exploring the trajectory of Chinese currency at the birth of coinage around the world and ends with the implications of the current global financial crisis for China and the rest of the world. Its narrative highlights the way that Chinese money developed in relation to the currencies of other countries, paying special attention to the origins of paper money, the relationship between the West’s ascendancy and its mineral riches, the linkages between pre-modern finance, debasement, and then inflation with the emergence of nation-statehood. The book then looks ahead to the possible globalization of the RMB, the currency of the People’s Republic of China against the backdrop of growing global uncertainties as to America’s federal debt.
Melinda Cooper
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780823255962
- eISBN:
- 9780823261284
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823255962.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
The chapter by Cooper argues that Foucault’s engagement with the early phases of the Iranian Revolution sheds a great deal of light on his understanding of neoliberalism as a new normative order of ...
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The chapter by Cooper argues that Foucault’s engagement with the early phases of the Iranian Revolution sheds a great deal of light on his understanding of neoliberalism as a new normative order of the household (oiko-nomia). On Cooper’s reading, Foucault’s fascination with the ideology of the Iranian Revolution betrays his intention to recover the “ancient” understanding of the nomos of the household in order to offset Becker’s neoliberal “new household economics” that threatens to destroy all sexual discipline, all substantive sexual normative order, by turning every individual into the entrepreneur of his or her own body and sexuality.Less
The chapter by Cooper argues that Foucault’s engagement with the early phases of the Iranian Revolution sheds a great deal of light on his understanding of neoliberalism as a new normative order of the household (oiko-nomia). On Cooper’s reading, Foucault’s fascination with the ideology of the Iranian Revolution betrays his intention to recover the “ancient” understanding of the nomos of the household in order to offset Becker’s neoliberal “new household economics” that threatens to destroy all sexual discipline, all substantive sexual normative order, by turning every individual into the entrepreneur of his or her own body and sexuality.
