Delia Davin and Barbara Harriss-White (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780197265673
- eISBN:
- 9780191771903
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265673.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
China and India, the world’s most populous countries, have rapidly developing economies that are shaping world politics in the 21st century. They are often compared in terms of lagged outcomes and ...
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China and India, the world’s most populous countries, have rapidly developing economies that are shaping world politics in the 21st century. They are often compared in terms of lagged outcomes and contrasted trajectories. The present volume aims to examine more closely their commonalities as well as differences. In sections covering domestic economy, international economy, demography, migration and labour, and the environment, paired chapters examine each country. Probing behind the obvious contrasts, the essays disclose important ways in which the two countries are alike in facing the problems produced in large, formerly agrarian societies by rapid economic development and interaction with the global economy.Less
China and India, the world’s most populous countries, have rapidly developing economies that are shaping world politics in the 21st century. They are often compared in terms of lagged outcomes and contrasted trajectories. The present volume aims to examine more closely their commonalities as well as differences. In sections covering domestic economy, international economy, demography, migration and labour, and the environment, paired chapters examine each country. Probing behind the obvious contrasts, the essays disclose important ways in which the two countries are alike in facing the problems produced in large, formerly agrarian societies by rapid economic development and interaction with the global economy.
Christopher Dow
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199241231
- eISBN:
- 9780191596179
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199241236.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Macro- and Monetary Economics
This chapter covers the period of accelerating growth experienced the UK in the late 1980s, particularly the years 1985–8, which was followed by a protracted decline into deep recession; other ...
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This chapter covers the period of accelerating growth experienced the UK in the late 1980s, particularly the years 1985–8, which was followed by a protracted decline into deep recession; other industrial countries went through something like the same phases, though with many differences in degree and timing, and these developments were everywhere unexpected––each stage came as a surprise, and forecasts were repeatedly wrong. In hindsight, the recession is widely seen to have resulted from the boom, a view with which this survey agrees. Once more, this recession was very different from its predecessors––each of the two 1970s recessions seemed due in large part to external shocks, but on this latest occasion, it now seems clear that the causes of the recession grew out of previous developments in the domestic economy, which at the time lay undetected. The explanation proposed agrees with the common view that the recession was not due to exogenous shocks of the normal sort, but attributes the boom to over‐optimism rather than (as often argued) to financial deregulation. Section 9.1 sets out this thesis more fully before going on to describe the evidence that bears on it; Sect. 9.2 summarizes the parallel fluctuations in other industrial countries, since they are an important part of the background; Sect. 9.3 then gives an analysis of boom and recession in the UK; Sect. 9.4 considers what the experience of this decade contributes to our understanding of recessions; and Sect. 9.5 discusses the resumption of growth after the recession.Less
This chapter covers the period of accelerating growth experienced the UK in the late 1980s, particularly the years 1985–8, which was followed by a protracted decline into deep recession; other industrial countries went through something like the same phases, though with many differences in degree and timing, and these developments were everywhere unexpected––each stage came as a surprise, and forecasts were repeatedly wrong. In hindsight, the recession is widely seen to have resulted from the boom, a view with which this survey agrees. Once more, this recession was very different from its predecessors––each of the two 1970s recessions seemed due in large part to external shocks, but on this latest occasion, it now seems clear that the causes of the recession grew out of previous developments in the domestic economy, which at the time lay undetected. The explanation proposed agrees with the common view that the recession was not due to exogenous shocks of the normal sort, but attributes the boom to over‐optimism rather than (as often argued) to financial deregulation. Section 9.1 sets out this thesis more fully before going on to describe the evidence that bears on it; Sect. 9.2 summarizes the parallel fluctuations in other industrial countries, since they are an important part of the background; Sect. 9.3 then gives an analysis of boom and recession in the UK; Sect. 9.4 considers what the experience of this decade contributes to our understanding of recessions; and Sect. 9.5 discusses the resumption of growth after the recession.
Yue Chim Richard Wong
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9789888139446
- eISBN:
- 9789888180349
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888139446.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
The Hong Kong dollar was fixed against the pound sterling until June 1972. Since 1983, it has been fixed against the US dollar. The linked exchange rate connects Hong Kong with the international ...
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The Hong Kong dollar was fixed against the pound sterling until June 1972. Since 1983, it has been fixed against the US dollar. The linked exchange rate connects Hong Kong with the international economy, and provides an anchor which maintains the community's faith in the currency and people's confidence in the government's management of monetary policy. However, the linked exchange rate also narrows the policy options available to the authorities to withstand external shocks. The opening of China, the Asian financial crisis and the global financial tsunami placed conflicting requirements on the direction of price adjustments. The public and quasi-public sector have not adjusted well in response to these events, and the property wealth has become more unevenly distributed. The domestic economy and its numerous sectors therefore have to possess a higher degree of flexibility and agility in an attempt to accommodate and absorb the external impacts.Less
The Hong Kong dollar was fixed against the pound sterling until June 1972. Since 1983, it has been fixed against the US dollar. The linked exchange rate connects Hong Kong with the international economy, and provides an anchor which maintains the community's faith in the currency and people's confidence in the government's management of monetary policy. However, the linked exchange rate also narrows the policy options available to the authorities to withstand external shocks. The opening of China, the Asian financial crisis and the global financial tsunami placed conflicting requirements on the direction of price adjustments. The public and quasi-public sector have not adjusted well in response to these events, and the property wealth has become more unevenly distributed. The domestic economy and its numerous sectors therefore have to possess a higher degree of flexibility and agility in an attempt to accommodate and absorb the external impacts.
Berenice M. Kerr
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198207528
- eISBN:
- 9780191677717
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207528.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History, History of Religion
This chapter examines the domestic economy of the priories of Amesbury, Westwood, and Nuneaton, looking at monastic revenue, population, income, and ...
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This chapter examines the domestic economy of the priories of Amesbury, Westwood, and Nuneaton, looking at monastic revenue, population, income, and expenditure. The examination shows that generally each priory responded to changing times in a constructive manner. The centralised system of government which was characteristic of the order of Fontevraud overall was advantageous to the priories, allowing them to utilise the resources of the order and to deploy personnel where they were most needed. In the fourteenth century, under the strong leadership of Eleanor of Brittany, the order in England seems to have prospered and weathered the setbacks of an agricultural crisis, internal dissension at Nuneaton, and chronic poverty at Westwood. Whatever else, all three seem to have presented a picture of success to the outside world.Less
This chapter examines the domestic economy of the priories of Amesbury, Westwood, and Nuneaton, looking at monastic revenue, population, income, and expenditure. The examination shows that generally each priory responded to changing times in a constructive manner. The centralised system of government which was characteristic of the order of Fontevraud overall was advantageous to the priories, allowing them to utilise the resources of the order and to deploy personnel where they were most needed. In the fourteenth century, under the strong leadership of Eleanor of Brittany, the order in England seems to have prospered and weathered the setbacks of an agricultural crisis, internal dissension at Nuneaton, and chronic poverty at Westwood. Whatever else, all three seem to have presented a picture of success to the outside world.
MARK CONNELLY
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199278602
- eISBN:
- 9780191707056
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199278602.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Military History
This chapter focuses on 1917, which is often identified as the year in which the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) perfected the set-piece operation: the Somme fighting taught the British many ...
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This chapter focuses on 1917, which is often identified as the year in which the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) perfected the set-piece operation: the Somme fighting taught the British many lessons that were applied the following year. The Buffs fought in the four British battles of 1917 — Arras, Messines, Third Ypres (‘Passchendaele’), and Cambrai — and will thus help to test this particular thesis. New developments forged both by experiences on the battlefield and improved efficiency in the domestic war economy were breaking through by the winter of 1916-17. The Royal Artillery was the vital force, and the Somme had transformed its equipment and personnel into a far more effective weapon.Less
This chapter focuses on 1917, which is often identified as the year in which the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) perfected the set-piece operation: the Somme fighting taught the British many lessons that were applied the following year. The Buffs fought in the four British battles of 1917 — Arras, Messines, Third Ypres (‘Passchendaele’), and Cambrai — and will thus help to test this particular thesis. New developments forged both by experiences on the battlefield and improved efficiency in the domestic war economy were breaking through by the winter of 1916-17. The Royal Artillery was the vital force, and the Somme had transformed its equipment and personnel into a far more effective weapon.
R. Bin Wong
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814772836
- eISBN:
- 9780814748695
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814772836.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
This chapter discusses how domestic, regional, and global concerns intersect in Chinese thinking and mutually affect the policy choices leaders make. It starts with an examination of Chinese domestic ...
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This chapter discusses how domestic, regional, and global concerns intersect in Chinese thinking and mutually affect the policy choices leaders make. It starts with an examination of Chinese domestic political economy and then moves outward through the Asian region to the global economy. This offers a distinctive perspective not only on China but also on Europe—a region of comparable size and diversity to the single country China. It also provides for an unconventional assessment of such factors as income disparities. National diversity and competition fueled an engine of growth in Europe despite the daunting challenges of unification. On both sides, the comparison sheds light on China as it achieves some of the world's highest growth rates and indeed works to sustain political unity. Thus, it should be no surprise that China's leaders work to reduce income diversity and increase political cohesion, even while their capacities for growth are constrained by collapsed global demand.Less
This chapter discusses how domestic, regional, and global concerns intersect in Chinese thinking and mutually affect the policy choices leaders make. It starts with an examination of Chinese domestic political economy and then moves outward through the Asian region to the global economy. This offers a distinctive perspective not only on China but also on Europe—a region of comparable size and diversity to the single country China. It also provides for an unconventional assessment of such factors as income disparities. National diversity and competition fueled an engine of growth in Europe despite the daunting challenges of unification. On both sides, the comparison sheds light on China as it achieves some of the world's highest growth rates and indeed works to sustain political unity. Thus, it should be no surprise that China's leaders work to reduce income diversity and increase political cohesion, even while their capacities for growth are constrained by collapsed global demand.
René Reeves
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780813041629
- eISBN:
- 9780813043432
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813041629.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter by René Reeves focuses on aguardiente in nineteenth-century Guatemala to uncover the crucial, albeit hidden, role that women played in the economy and politics of the era. Aguardiente ...
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This chapter by René Reeves focuses on aguardiente in nineteenth-century Guatemala to uncover the crucial, albeit hidden, role that women played in the economy and politics of the era. Aguardiente not only generated a large proportion of the revenues collected by the national treasury, but it also was critical to sugar growers and the domestic economy of innumerable Guatemalan households. Based on archival sources from western Quezaltenango, this chapter demonstrates that women were overwhelmingly present in the illegal facets of the aguardiente industry given their traditional importance as domestic petty commodity producers and vendors. With so many women depending on contraband aguardiente—they were referred to as clandestinistas—it was but a short step for them to intervene collectively in the local- and national-level conflicts that marked state efforts to formulate and enforce alcohol restrictions. Rural women struggled to use aguardiente to sustain themselves and their families, and in the process they connected their households to the nation by creating an exceptionally dynamic sector of the Guatemalan economy and contributing to the watershed political events of the nineteenth century.Less
This chapter by René Reeves focuses on aguardiente in nineteenth-century Guatemala to uncover the crucial, albeit hidden, role that women played in the economy and politics of the era. Aguardiente not only generated a large proportion of the revenues collected by the national treasury, but it also was critical to sugar growers and the domestic economy of innumerable Guatemalan households. Based on archival sources from western Quezaltenango, this chapter demonstrates that women were overwhelmingly present in the illegal facets of the aguardiente industry given their traditional importance as domestic petty commodity producers and vendors. With so many women depending on contraband aguardiente—they were referred to as clandestinistas—it was but a short step for them to intervene collectively in the local- and national-level conflicts that marked state efforts to formulate and enforce alcohol restrictions. Rural women struggled to use aguardiente to sustain themselves and their families, and in the process they connected their households to the nation by creating an exceptionally dynamic sector of the Guatemalan economy and contributing to the watershed political events of the nineteenth century.
Takatoshi Ito and Andrew K. Rose (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226386898
- eISBN:
- 9780226386904
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226386904.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia
Fluctuations of commodity prices, most notably of oil, capture considerable attention and have been tied to important economic effects, such as inflation and low rates of economic growth. This book ...
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Fluctuations of commodity prices, most notably of oil, capture considerable attention and have been tied to important economic effects, such as inflation and low rates of economic growth. This book advances our understanding of the consequences of these fluctuations, providing both general analysis and a particular focus on the countries of the Pacific Rim. The book addresses three distinct subjects: the difficulties in forecasting commodity prices, the effects of exogenous commodity price shocks on the domestic economy, and the relationship between price shocks and monetary policy. The ability to forecast commodity prices is difficult but of great importance to businesses and governments.Less
Fluctuations of commodity prices, most notably of oil, capture considerable attention and have been tied to important economic effects, such as inflation and low rates of economic growth. This book advances our understanding of the consequences of these fluctuations, providing both general analysis and a particular focus on the countries of the Pacific Rim. The book addresses three distinct subjects: the difficulties in forecasting commodity prices, the effects of exogenous commodity price shocks on the domestic economy, and the relationship between price shocks and monetary policy. The ability to forecast commodity prices is difficult but of great importance to businesses and governments.
Mahmoud Al Iriani, Ibrahim Elbadawi, and Dhuha Fadhel
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198758389
- eISBN:
- 9780191818325
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198758389.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Free zones have been common initiatives by many countries aiming at enhancing exports and economic growth. Dubai adopted a policy of encouraging the establishment of free zones on its territory to ...
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Free zones have been common initiatives by many countries aiming at enhancing exports and economic growth. Dubai adopted a policy of encouraging the establishment of free zones on its territory to benefit from technology and managerial skills transfer, job creation, exports promotion, and foreign exchange earnings, and through the free zones forward and backward linkages with the domestic economy. Given the current economic significance of Dubai’s free zones in the emirate’s economy and their phenomenal expansion, assessing their linkages to the rest of the economy outside the free zone is an important policy issue. This chapter examines the evolution of free zones in Dubai and assesses their impacts through the backward linkages they create with the local economy. Based on evidence gleaned from the analysis the chapter draws some policy recommendations for further enhancing the economic linkages and the contribution of free zones to the overall economy of Dubai.Less
Free zones have been common initiatives by many countries aiming at enhancing exports and economic growth. Dubai adopted a policy of encouraging the establishment of free zones on its territory to benefit from technology and managerial skills transfer, job creation, exports promotion, and foreign exchange earnings, and through the free zones forward and backward linkages with the domestic economy. Given the current economic significance of Dubai’s free zones in the emirate’s economy and their phenomenal expansion, assessing their linkages to the rest of the economy outside the free zone is an important policy issue. This chapter examines the evolution of free zones in Dubai and assesses their impacts through the backward linkages they create with the local economy. Based on evidence gleaned from the analysis the chapter draws some policy recommendations for further enhancing the economic linkages and the contribution of free zones to the overall economy of Dubai.
Peter J. Kastor
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300101195
- eISBN:
- 9780300128246
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300101195.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This chapter discusses various events that happened in Louisiana from 1815 to 1820. At the same time, the White men in Louisiana were building a raucous state political system with an elaborate set ...
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This chapter discusses various events that happened in Louisiana from 1815 to 1820. At the same time, the White men in Louisiana were building a raucous state political system with an elaborate set of national political connections, and were also attempting to realize their goals in public policy. Some of their concerns were to connect the local to the national, to create rational systems of power, and to solidify the prerogatives of the local elite. Politics and administration had proceeded on overlapping trajectories. The chapter also discusses the Monroe administration in Washington and the Villeré administration in Louisiana that oversaw the final stages of administrative incorporation, a process which emerged through the relationship between federal and state governments.Less
This chapter discusses various events that happened in Louisiana from 1815 to 1820. At the same time, the White men in Louisiana were building a raucous state political system with an elaborate set of national political connections, and were also attempting to realize their goals in public policy. Some of their concerns were to connect the local to the national, to create rational systems of power, and to solidify the prerogatives of the local elite. Politics and administration had proceeded on overlapping trajectories. The chapter also discusses the Monroe administration in Washington and the Villeré administration in Louisiana that oversaw the final stages of administrative incorporation, a process which emerged through the relationship between federal and state governments.
Rosella Cappella Zielinski
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781501702495
- eISBN:
- 9781501705960
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702495.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Security Studies
This introductory chapter discusses the topic of war finance and the significance of its study, arguing that military power stems from an economic base. Without wealth, soldiers cannot be paid, ...
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This introductory chapter discusses the topic of war finance and the significance of its study, arguing that military power stems from an economic base. Without wealth, soldiers cannot be paid, weapons cannot be procured, and food cannot be bought. States, however, do not act in a vacuum. They are constrained by domestic and international politics. Understanding how states finance war is essential to understanding the extent to which state capacity and leaders' preferences affect a state's ability to meet its foreign policy goals via military and economic power as well as its pursuit of domestic macroeconomic stability. In doing so the chapter lays out the groundwork for a discussion into the variations of war finance policies.Less
This introductory chapter discusses the topic of war finance and the significance of its study, arguing that military power stems from an economic base. Without wealth, soldiers cannot be paid, weapons cannot be procured, and food cannot be bought. States, however, do not act in a vacuum. They are constrained by domestic and international politics. Understanding how states finance war is essential to understanding the extent to which state capacity and leaders' preferences affect a state's ability to meet its foreign policy goals via military and economic power as well as its pursuit of domestic macroeconomic stability. In doing so the chapter lays out the groundwork for a discussion into the variations of war finance policies.
Li Xin and Xin Daleng
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479844333
- eISBN:
- 9781479809448
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479844333.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This chapter provides a comparative analysis of Chinese and Russian economic interests in Central Asia. Russian economic interests in Central Asia mainly work under the assumption that strengthening ...
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This chapter provides a comparative analysis of Chinese and Russian economic interests in Central Asia. Russian economic interests in Central Asia mainly work under the assumption that strengthening economic ties with Central Asia will lead to Eurasian economic integration or Eurasian Alliance with the region, and promote the development of the Russian economy. In contrast, China's economic interests in Central Asia are aimed at facilitating economic development of both sides through bilateral trade and investment with the region. Moreover, Central Asia's prosperity and stability can not only maintain the safety of Xinjiang Province and even the western region of China, but also provide a secure external barrier for China to resist traditional security threats.Less
This chapter provides a comparative analysis of Chinese and Russian economic interests in Central Asia. Russian economic interests in Central Asia mainly work under the assumption that strengthening economic ties with Central Asia will lead to Eurasian economic integration or Eurasian Alliance with the region, and promote the development of the Russian economy. In contrast, China's economic interests in Central Asia are aimed at facilitating economic development of both sides through bilateral trade and investment with the region. Moreover, Central Asia's prosperity and stability can not only maintain the safety of Xinjiang Province and even the western region of China, but also provide a secure external barrier for China to resist traditional security threats.
Lars Schoultz
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807832608
- eISBN:
- 9781469603445
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9780807888605_schoultz.14
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This chapter shows how the administration's handling of foreign policy was certain to be a central campaign issue as long as fifty-two U.S. embassy personnel remained hostages in Iran. President ...
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This chapter shows how the administration's handling of foreign policy was certain to be a central campaign issue as long as fifty-two U.S. embassy personnel remained hostages in Iran. President Carter had a second Achilles heel, however: the domestic economy. In announcing that he would mount a challenge for the Democratic nomination, Senator Edward Kennedy asked the faithful party why anyone would support the reelection of a Democrat who had brought the nation “three more years of Republican inflation, three more years of Republican interest rates, and three more years of Republican economics.” Over the next six months, the Massachusetts senator captured much of Carter's base, scooping up a third of the party's delegates in the primaries and, at the very end of his challenge, flatly ignoring the nominee, an incumbent president, standing inches away on the podium at their convention's closing ceremony.Less
This chapter shows how the administration's handling of foreign policy was certain to be a central campaign issue as long as fifty-two U.S. embassy personnel remained hostages in Iran. President Carter had a second Achilles heel, however: the domestic economy. In announcing that he would mount a challenge for the Democratic nomination, Senator Edward Kennedy asked the faithful party why anyone would support the reelection of a Democrat who had brought the nation “three more years of Republican inflation, three more years of Republican interest rates, and three more years of Republican economics.” Over the next six months, the Massachusetts senator captured much of Carter's base, scooping up a third of the party's delegates in the primaries and, at the very end of his challenge, flatly ignoring the nominee, an incumbent president, standing inches away on the podium at their convention's closing ceremony.
David M. Webber
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781474423564
- eISBN:
- 9781474438384
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423564.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
Drawing this book to a close, this concluding chapter returns to the core theoretical and empirical claims made in the opening chapter and throughout the book. It summarises those policies that ...
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Drawing this book to a close, this concluding chapter returns to the core theoretical and empirical claims made in the opening chapter and throughout the book. It summarises those policies that Gordon Brown transposed from New Labour’s domestic political economy to meet his undoubted concern for international development, and the analysis offered in respect of each of these policies. The significance of this policy transmission from the domestic to the international spheres is explored, and the critical tensions inherent in such a strategy, are teased out. Gordon Brown was clearly passionate about matters of global poverty (and indeed, even out of office, remains so). Yet in his zeal to deliver lasting change in some of the world’s poorest areas, Brown attempted to address global poverty by explicitly working with and indeed enhancing the self-same structures of market capitalism that had reinforced and reproduced the levels of inequality and underdevelopment experienced across the global South. Gordon Brown’s development strategy therefore did not simply assimilate ‘market’ actors in the development process but more often than not, ended up prioritising the expectations of these actors over the delivery of a more socially just and equitable set of outcomes.Less
Drawing this book to a close, this concluding chapter returns to the core theoretical and empirical claims made in the opening chapter and throughout the book. It summarises those policies that Gordon Brown transposed from New Labour’s domestic political economy to meet his undoubted concern for international development, and the analysis offered in respect of each of these policies. The significance of this policy transmission from the domestic to the international spheres is explored, and the critical tensions inherent in such a strategy, are teased out. Gordon Brown was clearly passionate about matters of global poverty (and indeed, even out of office, remains so). Yet in his zeal to deliver lasting change in some of the world’s poorest areas, Brown attempted to address global poverty by explicitly working with and indeed enhancing the self-same structures of market capitalism that had reinforced and reproduced the levels of inequality and underdevelopment experienced across the global South. Gordon Brown’s development strategy therefore did not simply assimilate ‘market’ actors in the development process but more often than not, ended up prioritising the expectations of these actors over the delivery of a more socially just and equitable set of outcomes.
Jordi Gali and Mark Gertler (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226278865
- eISBN:
- 9780226278872
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226278872.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Macro- and Monetary Economics
United States monetary policy has traditionally been modeled under the assumption that the domestic economy is immune to international factors and exogenous shocks. Such an assumption is increasingly ...
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United States monetary policy has traditionally been modeled under the assumption that the domestic economy is immune to international factors and exogenous shocks. Such an assumption is increasingly unrealistic in the age of integrated capital markets, tightened links between national economies, and reduced trading costs. This book brings together fresh research to address the repercussions of the continuing evolution toward globalization for the conduct of monetary policy. In this book, the chapters examine the real and potential effects of increased openness and exposure to international economic dynamics from a variety of perspectives. Their findings reveal that central banks continue to influence decisively domestic economic outcomes—even inflation—suggesting that international factors may have a limited role in national performance.Less
United States monetary policy has traditionally been modeled under the assumption that the domestic economy is immune to international factors and exogenous shocks. Such an assumption is increasingly unrealistic in the age of integrated capital markets, tightened links between national economies, and reduced trading costs. This book brings together fresh research to address the repercussions of the continuing evolution toward globalization for the conduct of monetary policy. In this book, the chapters examine the real and potential effects of increased openness and exposure to international economic dynamics from a variety of perspectives. Their findings reveal that central banks continue to influence decisively domestic economic outcomes—even inflation—suggesting that international factors may have a limited role in national performance.
Massimo Montanari
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231160841
- eISBN:
- 9780231535083
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231160841.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
This epilogue presents a discussion of the concept of home cooking. “Home cooking” is a comprehensive knowledge of what people eat. The techniques of preservation are rooted in home cooking, having ...
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This epilogue presents a discussion of the concept of home cooking. “Home cooking” is a comprehensive knowledge of what people eat. The techniques of preservation are rooted in home cooking, having originated in a domestic economy that was intended to provide a reassuring and durable larder for the needs of the family during the hard times. Home cooking is also defined by its connection to feelings. Foods of the domestic tradition have a taste, and an aftertaste, that can revive scents and dissents associated with personal relations, private occasions, collective holidays, and common rituals. Without this, people can have home recipes, but not home cooking.Less
This epilogue presents a discussion of the concept of home cooking. “Home cooking” is a comprehensive knowledge of what people eat. The techniques of preservation are rooted in home cooking, having originated in a domestic economy that was intended to provide a reassuring and durable larder for the needs of the family during the hard times. Home cooking is also defined by its connection to feelings. Foods of the domestic tradition have a taste, and an aftertaste, that can revive scents and dissents associated with personal relations, private occasions, collective holidays, and common rituals. Without this, people can have home recipes, but not home cooking.
Alya Guseva and Akos Rona-Tas
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691168685
- eISBN:
- 9781400885268
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691168685.003.0013
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
This chapter argues that money in its recent digital, immaterial incarnation has acquired a so-called new sociability. In contrast to cash, any transaction involving plastic money always leaves a ...
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This chapter argues that money in its recent digital, immaterial incarnation has acquired a so-called new sociability. In contrast to cash, any transaction involving plastic money always leaves a permanent trace, entangling its issuer and users in a relationship, no matter how small or one-off the transaction. If money talks, plastic money tattles, and this has far-reaching implications for actors at both macro and micro (household) levels. The chapter discusses the theoretical implications of immateriality and re-embedding delivered by plastic money. It then turns to a set of empirical examples to illustrate how plastic money enhances the ability of nation-states to govern and control their citizen-cardholders, focusing on the cases of Russia and China. It discusses plastic cards' potential effects on domestic economies, suggesting that the new sociability of plastic money could be informative (or revealing) not only to states and card lenders, but also to spouses and parents.Less
This chapter argues that money in its recent digital, immaterial incarnation has acquired a so-called new sociability. In contrast to cash, any transaction involving plastic money always leaves a permanent trace, entangling its issuer and users in a relationship, no matter how small or one-off the transaction. If money talks, plastic money tattles, and this has far-reaching implications for actors at both macro and micro (household) levels. The chapter discusses the theoretical implications of immateriality and re-embedding delivered by plastic money. It then turns to a set of empirical examples to illustrate how plastic money enhances the ability of nation-states to govern and control their citizen-cardholders, focusing on the cases of Russia and China. It discusses plastic cards' potential effects on domestic economies, suggesting that the new sociability of plastic money could be informative (or revealing) not only to states and card lenders, but also to spouses and parents.
Edward J. Lincoln
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262622189
- eISBN:
- 9780262288224
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262622189.003.0021
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter finds that Japan has been unable to emerge as a global leader despite being backed by significant economic prosperity and military strength, but has been able to use its external ...
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This chapter finds that Japan has been unable to emerge as a global leader despite being backed by significant economic prosperity and military strength, but has been able to use its external environment to highlight its national interests. Japan has successfully accessed foreign raw materials and supplied its products in international markets despite being unable to influence international global institutions and systems, and has also attracted investments into the domestic economy, and maintains cordial relationships with other countries, including the United States. It has satisfied its own needs by following the policy of limited international agenda and non-interference in the matters of others.Less
This chapter finds that Japan has been unable to emerge as a global leader despite being backed by significant economic prosperity and military strength, but has been able to use its external environment to highlight its national interests. Japan has successfully accessed foreign raw materials and supplied its products in international markets despite being unable to influence international global institutions and systems, and has also attracted investments into the domestic economy, and maintains cordial relationships with other countries, including the United States. It has satisfied its own needs by following the policy of limited international agenda and non-interference in the matters of others.
David M. Carballo
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780190251062
- eISBN:
- 9780190251086
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190251062.003.0002
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Non-Classical
The culture region of the study is introduced with a focus on the ecology and native peoples of highland central Mexico. The chapter examines how certain resources and their management as domestic ...
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The culture region of the study is introduced with a focus on the ecology and native peoples of highland central Mexico. The chapter examines how certain resources and their management as domestic and exchange economies would have encouraged or hindered the development of cities. The elements of well-studied Aztec cities and religion are reviewed with particular attention to their intersection and those issues that are most germane to moving back in time to the Formative period, including the built environment of urban space, the symbolism of religious architecture, and deities that are recognizable in much earlier periods.Less
The culture region of the study is introduced with a focus on the ecology and native peoples of highland central Mexico. The chapter examines how certain resources and their management as domestic and exchange economies would have encouraged or hindered the development of cities. The elements of well-studied Aztec cities and religion are reviewed with particular attention to their intersection and those issues that are most germane to moving back in time to the Formative period, including the built environment of urban space, the symbolism of religious architecture, and deities that are recognizable in much earlier periods.
Sarah Rees Jones
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780198201946
- eISBN:
- 9780191746338
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201946.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
Many studies of medieval urban development have drawn a distinction between planned towns and organic developments. The conclusion argues that such a distinction does not work in York both because of ...
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Many studies of medieval urban development have drawn a distinction between planned towns and organic developments. The conclusion argues that such a distinction does not work in York both because of its poly-focal character and because of the complex interplay between different authorities influencing the development and growth of the city. The conclusion also suggests that York, like many English towns, had more in common with the development of continental cities in this period than has often been acknowledged. The chapter is structured around three binaries often employed in the discussion of medieval towns: planned versus organic development, differences between towns and urban regions in England and Europe versus similarities, and continuity and change as a feature of urban history.Less
Many studies of medieval urban development have drawn a distinction between planned towns and organic developments. The conclusion argues that such a distinction does not work in York both because of its poly-focal character and because of the complex interplay between different authorities influencing the development and growth of the city. The conclusion also suggests that York, like many English towns, had more in common with the development of continental cities in this period than has often been acknowledged. The chapter is structured around three binaries often employed in the discussion of medieval towns: planned versus organic development, differences between towns and urban regions in England and Europe versus similarities, and continuity and change as a feature of urban history.
