S. E. Barnes and S. Maekawa
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198568216
- eISBN:
- 9780191718212
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198568216.003.0007
- Subject:
- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials
This chapter develops the theory for the dynamics of domain walls in the context of spin electronic devices. The transfer of angular momentum (torque transfer) between an electrical current and a ...
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This chapter develops the theory for the dynamics of domain walls in the context of spin electronic devices. The transfer of angular momentum (torque transfer) between an electrical current and a magnetic domain is discussed in the context of the Landau-Lifshitz equations and different relaxation models. In the context of these equations the transfer is reflected by a finite divergence of the spin current. In this context the Stoner and local moment models of ferromagnets are introduced. The Landau-Lifshitz description involves the classical magnetization and such a description implies a coupling to the environment which continually ‘measures’ the system. The experimental consequences of this are elaborated. The essential role of a ‘spin motive force’ in connection with conservation of energy is explained, and some device applications are outlined. The Lagrangian description of the dynamical modes of spin valves and domain walls is developed.Less
This chapter develops the theory for the dynamics of domain walls in the context of spin electronic devices. The transfer of angular momentum (torque transfer) between an electrical current and a magnetic domain is discussed in the context of the Landau-Lifshitz equations and different relaxation models. In the context of these equations the transfer is reflected by a finite divergence of the spin current. In this context the Stoner and local moment models of ferromagnets are introduced. The Landau-Lifshitz description involves the classical magnetization and such a description implies a coupling to the environment which continually ‘measures’ the system. The experimental consequences of this are elaborated. The essential role of a ‘spin motive force’ in connection with conservation of energy is explained, and some device applications are outlined. The Lagrangian description of the dynamical modes of spin valves and domain walls is developed.
Sadamichi Maekawa (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198568216
- eISBN:
- 9780191718212
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198568216.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials
Nowadays, information technology is based on semiconductor and ferromagnetic materials. Information processing and computation are performed using electron charge in semiconductor transistors and ...
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Nowadays, information technology is based on semiconductor and ferromagnetic materials. Information processing and computation are performed using electron charge in semiconductor transistors and integrated circuits, and the information is stored by electron spins on magnetic high-density hard disks. Recently, a new branch of physics and nanotechnology, called magneto-electronics, spintronics, or spin electronics, has emerged, which aims to exploit both the charge and the spin of electrons in the same device. A broader goal is to develop new functionality that does not exist separately in a ferromagnet or a semiconductor. This book presents new directions in the development of spin electronics in both the basic physics and the technology which will become the foundation of future electronics.Less
Nowadays, information technology is based on semiconductor and ferromagnetic materials. Information processing and computation are performed using electron charge in semiconductor transistors and integrated circuits, and the information is stored by electron spins on magnetic high-density hard disks. Recently, a new branch of physics and nanotechnology, called magneto-electronics, spintronics, or spin electronics, has emerged, which aims to exploit both the charge and the spin of electrons in the same device. A broader goal is to develop new functionality that does not exist separately in a ferromagnet or a semiconductor. This book presents new directions in the development of spin electronics in both the basic physics and the technology which will become the foundation of future electronics.
P. V. Yudin and L. J. McGilly
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- October 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198862499
- eISBN:
- 9780191895319
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198862499.003.0013
- Subject:
- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials, Theoretical, Computational, and Statistical Physics
This chapter addresses the experimental control of ferroelectric DW motion in thin films using electron-beam induced deposition (EBID) electrodes with limited conductivity which governs the supply of ...
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This chapter addresses the experimental control of ferroelectric DW motion in thin films using electron-beam induced deposition (EBID) electrodes with limited conductivity which governs the supply of charges required for DW nucleation and propagation. The problem of a moving domain boundary, addressed in this chapter, belongs to the general class of free-boundary problems, or Stefan problems, after Josef Stefan who mathematically described ice formation and then demonstrated generality of his approach by applying the same technique to describe diffusion. In the frame of this approach the position of the boundary is determined from the transport of a physical quantity, flowing through and partially consumed at the boundary. Nowadays mathematical modelling of Stefan problems has developed into a rich field of knowledge where both analytical and numerical methods are applied to solve various important applied tasks. In this chapter, the process is described by analogy to the classical Stefan model, historically applied to the motion of phase boundaries under propagation of heat but which is here applied to precisely describe DW motion under linear electrodes and the 2D growth of a circular domain.Less
This chapter addresses the experimental control of ferroelectric DW motion in thin films using electron-beam induced deposition (EBID) electrodes with limited conductivity which governs the supply of charges required for DW nucleation and propagation. The problem of a moving domain boundary, addressed in this chapter, belongs to the general class of free-boundary problems, or Stefan problems, after Josef Stefan who mathematically described ice formation and then demonstrated generality of his approach by applying the same technique to describe diffusion. In the frame of this approach the position of the boundary is determined from the transport of a physical quantity, flowing through and partially consumed at the boundary. Nowadays mathematical modelling of Stefan problems has developed into a rich field of knowledge where both analytical and numerical methods are applied to solve various important applied tasks. In this chapter, the process is described by analogy to the classical Stefan model, historically applied to the motion of phase boundaries under propagation of heat but which is here applied to precisely describe DW motion under linear electrodes and the 2D growth of a circular domain.
