Peter Brock (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195151220
- eISBN:
- 9780199870424
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195151224.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
While conscientious objection in the twentieth century has been well documented, there has been surprisingly little study of its long history in America's early conflicts, defined as these have been ...
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While conscientious objection in the twentieth century has been well documented, there has been surprisingly little study of its long history in America's early conflicts, defined as these have been by accounts of patriotism and nation building. In fact, during the period of conscription from the late 1650s to the end of the Civil War, many North Americans refused military service on the grounds of conscience. The author, who is one of the foremost historians of American pacifism, seeks to remedy this oversight by presenting a rich and varied collection of documents, many drawn from obscure sources, that shed new light on American religious and military history. These include legal findings, church and meeting proceedings, appeals by nonconformists to government authorities, and illuminating excerpts from personal journals. One of the most striking features to emerge from these documents is the critical role of religion in the history of American pacifism. The author finds that virtually all who refused military service in this period were inspired by religious convictions, with Quakers frequently being the most ardent dissenters. In the antebellum period, however, the pacifist spectrum expanded to include nonsectarians such as William Lloyd Garrison, founder of the New England Non‐Resistance Society. The book is arranged in six parts: Colonial America; English West Indies; Revolutionary America; Upper Canada [now Ontario]; The new republic to antebellum America; and Civil war America.Less
While conscientious objection in the twentieth century has been well documented, there has been surprisingly little study of its long history in America's early conflicts, defined as these have been by accounts of patriotism and nation building. In fact, during the period of conscription from the late 1650s to the end of the Civil War, many North Americans refused military service on the grounds of conscience. The author, who is one of the foremost historians of American pacifism, seeks to remedy this oversight by presenting a rich and varied collection of documents, many drawn from obscure sources, that shed new light on American religious and military history. These include legal findings, church and meeting proceedings, appeals by nonconformists to government authorities, and illuminating excerpts from personal journals. One of the most striking features to emerge from these documents is the critical role of religion in the history of American pacifism. The author finds that virtually all who refused military service in this period were inspired by religious convictions, with Quakers frequently being the most ardent dissenters. In the antebellum period, however, the pacifist spectrum expanded to include nonsectarians such as William Lloyd Garrison, founder of the New England Non‐Resistance Society. The book is arranged in six parts: Colonial America; English West Indies; Revolutionary America; Upper Canada [now Ontario]; The new republic to antebellum America; and Civil war America.
John Ellershaw and Susie Wilkinson (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198509332
- eISBN:
- 9780191730177
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198509332.001.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
Even for the most experienced healthcare professional, managing the last few days of life can be difficult. This book provides guidelines for the care of the dying based on the Liverpool Integrated ...
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Even for the most experienced healthcare professional, managing the last few days of life can be difficult. This book provides guidelines for the care of the dying based on the Liverpool Integrated Care Pathway for the Dying Patient (LCP). Developed at a hospice, the information can be disseminated and adapted to fit different settings such as hospitals and nursing homes. The LCP is a multiprofessional document that incorporates evidence-based practice and appropriate guidelines related to care of the dying. It provides a template that describes the process of care, which is generally delivered in a clinical situation and incorporates the expected outcome of care delivery. The LCP replaces all other documentation in this phase of care. Care pathways can provide a potentially powerful aid to professionals involved in palliative care. Basic principles of treatment are translated into daily practice, including bedside documentation systems, policies and procedures, standards of practice, continuing education, and quality improvement programmes. The book also includes chapters on symptom control, ethical issues, communication skills, and spiritual care.Less
Even for the most experienced healthcare professional, managing the last few days of life can be difficult. This book provides guidelines for the care of the dying based on the Liverpool Integrated Care Pathway for the Dying Patient (LCP). Developed at a hospice, the information can be disseminated and adapted to fit different settings such as hospitals and nursing homes. The LCP is a multiprofessional document that incorporates evidence-based practice and appropriate guidelines related to care of the dying. It provides a template that describes the process of care, which is generally delivered in a clinical situation and incorporates the expected outcome of care delivery. The LCP replaces all other documentation in this phase of care. Care pathways can provide a potentially powerful aid to professionals involved in palliative care. Basic principles of treatment are translated into daily practice, including bedside documentation systems, policies and procedures, standards of practice, continuing education, and quality improvement programmes. The book also includes chapters on symptom control, ethical issues, communication skills, and spiritual care.
John Ellershaw and Susie Wilkinson (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199550838
- eISBN:
- 9780191730528
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199550838.001.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
Even for the most experienced healthcare professional, managing the last few days of life can be difficult. This book provides guidelines for the care of the dying based on the Liverpool Care Pathway ...
More
Even for the most experienced healthcare professional, managing the last few days of life can be difficult. This book provides guidelines for the care of the dying based on the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient (LCP). Developed at a hospice, the information can be disseminated and adapted to fit different settings such as hospitals and nursing homes. The LCP is a multiprofessional document that incorporates evidence-based practice and appropriate guidelines related to care of the dying. It provides a template that describes the process of care which is generally delivered in a clinical situation and incorporates the expected outcome of care delivery. The LCP replaces all other documentation in this phase of care. Care pathways can provide a potentially powerful aid to professionals involved in palliative care. Basic principles of treatment are translated into daily practice, including bedside documentation systems, policies and procedures, standards of practice, continuing education, and quality-improvement programmes. This book includes chapters on symptom control, ethical issues, communication skills, and spiritual care, which underpin the use of the LCP.Less
Even for the most experienced healthcare professional, managing the last few days of life can be difficult. This book provides guidelines for the care of the dying based on the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient (LCP). Developed at a hospice, the information can be disseminated and adapted to fit different settings such as hospitals and nursing homes. The LCP is a multiprofessional document that incorporates evidence-based practice and appropriate guidelines related to care of the dying. It provides a template that describes the process of care which is generally delivered in a clinical situation and incorporates the expected outcome of care delivery. The LCP replaces all other documentation in this phase of care. Care pathways can provide a potentially powerful aid to professionals involved in palliative care. Basic principles of treatment are translated into daily practice, including bedside documentation systems, policies and procedures, standards of practice, continuing education, and quality-improvement programmes. This book includes chapters on symptom control, ethical issues, communication skills, and spiritual care, which underpin the use of the LCP.
Sydney D. Bailey and Sam Daws
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198280736
- eISBN:
- 9780191598746
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198280734.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The Procedure of the UN Security Council is the definitive book of its kind and has been widely used by UN practitioners and scholars for over twenty years. This new revised and ...
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The Procedure of the UN Security Council is the definitive book of its kind and has been widely used by UN practitioners and scholars for over twenty years. This new revised and thoroughly updated third edition encompasses the many changes in Council procedure that have occurred since the end of the Cold War, which ushered in new possibilities for international co‐operation, and increased recourse to the UN. The last decade has seen the Gulf War and a plethora of new and often complex peacekeeping operations, from Bosnia to Rwanda, and such increased demands and associated expectations have placed a spotlight on the role and functioning of the Security Council. Recent years have seen a greater recourse to informal consultations of Council members prior to Council meetings, and the search for consensual Council decision‐making has led to differences of opinion on both procedural and substantive matters being dealt with largely during such consultations. This has produced calls from non‐members for greater Council transparency. Other proposals, both from within and outside the UN, have advocated reforms to the Council's composition or working methods to ensure its continued effectiveness and legitimacy. The new edition attempts to reflect the many recent developments in the procedure of the Security Council, while still reflecting the considerable continuity that exists with the past. In particular, to illustrate and illuminate aspects of Council procedure, many examples have been used from the UN's early years, since this was the time when many of the original precedents were created. Some of the anecdotes that touch on the human side of Council diplomacy have also been retained. The new edition includes new information on the following: the Provisional Rules of Procedure; public and private meetings; consultations and briefings with non‐members and troop‐contributors, including transparency, Presidential briefings, and orientation debates; informal consultations and ‘Arria formula’ meetings; the appointment of the Secretary‐General of the UN; relationships with the UN General Assembly, the UN International Court of Justice, the UN Trusteeship Council, and the UN Military Staff Committee; subsidiary organs, including sanctions committees; the veto and Security Council membership; Chapter VII resolutions, UN peacekeeping and UN‐authorized enforcement; Council enlargement and de jure and de facto Charter amendments; changes in Council documentation; and ad hoc and regional groupings in the Council.Less
The Procedure of the UN Security Council is the definitive book of its kind and has been widely used by UN practitioners and scholars for over twenty years. This new revised and thoroughly updated third edition encompasses the many changes in Council procedure that have occurred since the end of the Cold War, which ushered in new possibilities for international co‐operation, and increased recourse to the UN. The last decade has seen the Gulf War and a plethora of new and often complex peacekeeping operations, from Bosnia to Rwanda, and such increased demands and associated expectations have placed a spotlight on the role and functioning of the Security Council. Recent years have seen a greater recourse to informal consultations of Council members prior to Council meetings, and the search for consensual Council decision‐making has led to differences of opinion on both procedural and substantive matters being dealt with largely during such consultations. This has produced calls from non‐members for greater Council transparency. Other proposals, both from within and outside the UN, have advocated reforms to the Council's composition or working methods to ensure its continued effectiveness and legitimacy. The new edition attempts to reflect the many recent developments in the procedure of the Security Council, while still reflecting the considerable continuity that exists with the past. In particular, to illustrate and illuminate aspects of Council procedure, many examples have been used from the UN's early years, since this was the time when many of the original precedents were created. Some of the anecdotes that touch on the human side of Council diplomacy have also been retained. The new edition includes new information on the following: the Provisional Rules of Procedure; public and private meetings; consultations and briefings with non‐members and troop‐contributors, including transparency, Presidential briefings, and orientation debates; informal consultations and ‘Arria formula’ meetings; the appointment of the Secretary‐General of the UN; relationships with the UN General Assembly, the UN International Court of Justice, the UN Trusteeship Council, and the UN Military Staff Committee; subsidiary organs, including sanctions committees; the veto and Security Council membership; Chapter VII resolutions, UN peacekeeping and UN‐authorized enforcement; Council enlargement and de jure and de facto Charter amendments; changes in Council documentation; and ad hoc and regional groupings in the Council.
Sydney D. Bailey and Sam Daws
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198280736
- eISBN:
- 9780191598746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198280734.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Discusses subsidiary organs of the UN Security Council, the establishment of which is empowered by Article 29 of the UN Charter. The first section of the chapter describes organs concerned with ...
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Discusses subsidiary organs of the UN Security Council, the establishment of which is empowered by Article 29 of the UN Charter. The first section of the chapter describes organs concerned with Council procedure: the Committee of Experts (details are tabulated of tasks entrusted to this committee and of its reports for the period 1946–1996); and the Committee on Council Meetings away from Headquarters. The second section describes the organs concerned with membership: the Committee on Admission of New Members (details are tabulated of applications for membership from 1946 to 1996); and the Committee of Experts established for the admission of mini‐States. The third section describes organs concerned with the maintenance of international peace and security: fact‐finding missions; peacekeeping operations; international tribunals; sanctions committees; UN peace‐enforcement; and other miscellaneous organs for the maintenance of international peace and security. The last section describes one other subsidiary body of the UN Security Council: the Informal Working Group of the Security Council concerning the Council's documentation and other procedural questions.Less
Discusses subsidiary organs of the UN Security Council, the establishment of which is empowered by Article 29 of the UN Charter. The first section of the chapter describes organs concerned with Council procedure: the Committee of Experts (details are tabulated of tasks entrusted to this committee and of its reports for the period 1946–1996); and the Committee on Council Meetings away from Headquarters. The second section describes the organs concerned with membership: the Committee on Admission of New Members (details are tabulated of applications for membership from 1946 to 1996); and the Committee of Experts established for the admission of mini‐States. The third section describes organs concerned with the maintenance of international peace and security: fact‐finding missions; peacekeeping operations; international tribunals; sanctions committees; UN peace‐enforcement; and other miscellaneous organs for the maintenance of international peace and security. The last section describes one other subsidiary body of the UN Security Council: the Informal Working Group of the Security Council concerning the Council's documentation and other procedural questions.
David W. DeLong
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195170979
- eISBN:
- 9780199789719
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195170979.003.0006
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Knowledge Management
This chapter begins with a detailed explanation of the confusion surrounding different knowledge types. It includes a practical description using one form of knowledge classification, which includes ...
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This chapter begins with a detailed explanation of the confusion surrounding different knowledge types. It includes a practical description using one form of knowledge classification, which includes explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge, or know-how. But an argument is made that an overlooked and more useful hybrid concept is the notion of implicit knowledge. The three most common ways that explicit knowledge is likely to be transferred and retained are: documentation, interviews and debriefings, and training. Each section includes detailed implications for action when applying these solutions for knowledge transfer and knowledge retention.Less
This chapter begins with a detailed explanation of the confusion surrounding different knowledge types. It includes a practical description using one form of knowledge classification, which includes explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge, or know-how. But an argument is made that an overlooked and more useful hybrid concept is the notion of implicit knowledge. The three most common ways that explicit knowledge is likely to be transferred and retained are: documentation, interviews and debriefings, and training. Each section includes detailed implications for action when applying these solutions for knowledge transfer and knowledge retention.
David W. DeLong
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195170979
- eISBN:
- 9780199789719
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195170979.003.0008
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Knowledge Management
This chapter describes a range of information technology (IT) applications that can be used to enhance knowledge capture, storage, and knowledge sharing. Although definitely a solution that must be ...
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This chapter describes a range of information technology (IT) applications that can be used to enhance knowledge capture, storage, and knowledge sharing. Although definitely a solution that must be coordinated with cultural and behavioral changes, IT applications can accelerate learning and problem solving, as well as knowledge storage. Applications described include the use of expert locator and e-learning systems, collaboration technologies, expert systems, document repositories, electronic documentation, lessons learned databases, and knowledge mapping systems.Less
This chapter describes a range of information technology (IT) applications that can be used to enhance knowledge capture, storage, and knowledge sharing. Although definitely a solution that must be coordinated with cultural and behavioral changes, IT applications can accelerate learning and problem solving, as well as knowledge storage. Applications described include the use of expert locator and e-learning systems, collaboration technologies, expert systems, document repositories, electronic documentation, lessons learned databases, and knowledge mapping systems.
Margaret Florey (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199544547
- eISBN:
- 9780191720260
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199544547.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This book explores challenges to linguistic vitality confronting many minority languages in the highly diverse and geographically far-flung Austronesian language family. The contributions bring ...
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This book explores challenges to linguistic vitality confronting many minority languages in the highly diverse and geographically far-flung Austronesian language family. The contributions bring together Indigenous language activists and academic researchers with a long-standing commitment to language documentation in Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, East Timor, and Vanuatu. Working in partnership with Indigenous communities, the research in this book is the forefront of the development of innovative capacity building strategies and is part of cutting edge, practical solutions for language revitalization.Less
This book explores challenges to linguistic vitality confronting many minority languages in the highly diverse and geographically far-flung Austronesian language family. The contributions bring together Indigenous language activists and academic researchers with a long-standing commitment to language documentation in Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, East Timor, and Vanuatu. Working in partnership with Indigenous communities, the research in this book is the forefront of the development of innovative capacity building strategies and is part of cutting edge, practical solutions for language revitalization.
John Hajek and John Bowden
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199544547
- eISBN:
- 9780191720260
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199544547.003.0010
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
East Timor is the world's newest nation. The process of nation building has largely focused on the two official languages, Tetum and Portuguese. The preservation and promotion of the twenty minority ...
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East Timor is the world's newest nation. The process of nation building has largely focused on the two official languages, Tetum and Portuguese. The preservation and promotion of the twenty minority languages have been given relatively little attention. This chapter discusses the small Austronesian language of Waima'a, looking at its recent history, the authors' efforts to document the language and to provide technical and other assistance to the Waima'a speaking community, and the impact these strategies might have had on language maintenance.Less
East Timor is the world's newest nation. The process of nation building has largely focused on the two official languages, Tetum and Portuguese. The preservation and promotion of the twenty minority languages have been given relatively little attention. This chapter discusses the small Austronesian language of Waima'a, looking at its recent history, the authors' efforts to document the language and to provide technical and other assistance to the Waima'a speaking community, and the impact these strategies might have had on language maintenance.
Keith Breckenridge and Simon Szreter (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265314
- eISBN:
- 9780191760402
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265314.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
This book is a comparative investigation of different regional histories of registration — a feature of societies common across Asia, Europe, and the Americas, but poorly understood in contemporary ...
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This book is a comparative investigation of different regional histories of registration — a feature of societies common across Asia, Europe, and the Americas, but poorly understood in contemporary social science. Identity recognition of individuals by the groups they are born into or wish to affiliate themselves with has been a ubiquitous phenomenon of human experience. It has left widespread records in the form of legal, civic, and religious registration documentation. Yet, unlike the proliferation of censuses and state enumeration exercises of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, registration has attracted remarkably little scholarly attention. This volume provides an introduction to this new subject and presents a wide-ranging set of original studies of registration processes, offering a comparative conspectus across a time-span of over two thousand years. Registration has typically been viewed as coercive, and as a product of the rise of the modern European state. This book shows that the registration of individuals has taken remarkably similar, and interestingly comparable, forms in very different societies across the world. The book also suggests that registration has many hitherto neglected benefits for individuals, and that modern states have frequently sought to curtail, or avoid responsibility for, it. The book shows that the close study of practices of registration provides a tool that supports analytical comparisons across time and region, raising a common, limited set of comparative questions that highlight the differences between the forms of state power and the responsibilities and entitlements of individuals and families.Less
This book is a comparative investigation of different regional histories of registration — a feature of societies common across Asia, Europe, and the Americas, but poorly understood in contemporary social science. Identity recognition of individuals by the groups they are born into or wish to affiliate themselves with has been a ubiquitous phenomenon of human experience. It has left widespread records in the form of legal, civic, and religious registration documentation. Yet, unlike the proliferation of censuses and state enumeration exercises of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, registration has attracted remarkably little scholarly attention. This volume provides an introduction to this new subject and presents a wide-ranging set of original studies of registration processes, offering a comparative conspectus across a time-span of over two thousand years. Registration has typically been viewed as coercive, and as a product of the rise of the modern European state. This book shows that the registration of individuals has taken remarkably similar, and interestingly comparable, forms in very different societies across the world. The book also suggests that registration has many hitherto neglected benefits for individuals, and that modern states have frequently sought to curtail, or avoid responsibility for, it. The book shows that the close study of practices of registration provides a tool that supports analytical comparisons across time and region, raising a common, limited set of comparative questions that highlight the differences between the forms of state power and the responsibilities and entitlements of individuals and families.
Alexander K. Adelaar
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199544547
- eISBN:
- 9780191720260
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199544547.003.0002
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter introduces the Austronesian languages, with emphasis on the languages of Western Austronesia and Vanuatu which are the focus of this book. It gives an overview of the Austronesian ...
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This chapter introduces the Austronesian languages, with emphasis on the languages of Western Austronesia and Vanuatu which are the focus of this book. It gives an overview of the Austronesian languages, detailing their number, the locations where they are spoken, and their numbers of speakers. It informs readers about the linguistic vitality of the languages of the region, and about teams and research centres concerned with the study of Austronesian languages, pointing out the extent of urgency for language documentation in various areas.Less
This chapter introduces the Austronesian languages, with emphasis on the languages of Western Austronesia and Vanuatu which are the focus of this book. It gives an overview of the Austronesian languages, detailing their number, the locations where they are spoken, and their numbers of speakers. It informs readers about the linguistic vitality of the languages of the region, and about teams and research centres concerned with the study of Austronesian languages, pointing out the extent of urgency for language documentation in various areas.
Nick Thieberger
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199544547
- eISBN:
- 9780191720260
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199544547.003.0008
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter presents several initiatives aimed at supporting various aspects of language documentation. The locus of these initiatives is the group of people associated with the Pacific and Regional ...
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This chapter presents several initiatives aimed at supporting various aspects of language documentation. The locus of these initiatives is the group of people associated with the Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC) and Resource Network for Linguistic Diversity (RNLD). Training researchers is critical both for maintaining their professionalism and for the benefit of the data recorded, and, ultimately, accessibility of the data for the people recorded and their descendants. The activities range from training in the use of computer-based tools for linguistic recording and analysis, through software tool development to the provision of an infrastructure for curation of linguistic data.Less
This chapter presents several initiatives aimed at supporting various aspects of language documentation. The locus of these initiatives is the group of people associated with the Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC) and Resource Network for Linguistic Diversity (RNLD). Training researchers is critical both for maintaining their professionalism and for the benefit of the data recorded, and, ultimately, accessibility of the data for the people recorded and their descendants. The activities range from training in the use of computer-based tools for linguistic recording and analysis, through software tool development to the provision of an infrastructure for curation of linguistic data.
Jonathan P. J. Stock
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195167498
- eISBN:
- 9780199867707
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195167498.003.0002
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This chapter reviews approaches to the empirical documentation of music as found in comparative musicology, folklore studies, and through the fifty-year history of ethnomusicology. Means of gathering ...
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This chapter reviews approaches to the empirical documentation of music as found in comparative musicology, folklore studies, and through the fifty-year history of ethnomusicology. Means of gathering and measuring research data are shown to be linked to available technology as well as to prevailing intellectual paradigms. The central part of the chapter focuses on empirical aspects of participant-observation, including the keeping of field notes, interviewing, photography, and audio- and video-recording. Good practice conventions for data preservation are explained and illustrated. The chapter's coda emphasizes the importance of ethics in research that documents the voices of live people.Less
This chapter reviews approaches to the empirical documentation of music as found in comparative musicology, folklore studies, and through the fifty-year history of ethnomusicology. Means of gathering and measuring research data are shown to be linked to available technology as well as to prevailing intellectual paradigms. The central part of the chapter focuses on empirical aspects of participant-observation, including the keeping of field notes, interviewing, photography, and audio- and video-recording. Good practice conventions for data preservation are explained and illustrated. The chapter's coda emphasizes the importance of ethics in research that documents the voices of live people.
Henning Morgen
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781781381373
- eISBN:
- 9781781384886
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781381373.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
History Documentation in A.P. Moller-Maersk is about supporting communication with historical facts and adding to the right perspective on today’s business. Our communication is about our impact; on ...
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History Documentation in A.P. Moller-Maersk is about supporting communication with historical facts and adding to the right perspective on today’s business. Our communication is about our impact; on the societies we operate in, individual lives, and the industries we're part of. Based on the company’s values, we aim to be professional and accurate in our research. We aim to establish relevant context for historical facts. But we do not aim to be objective. We are subjective simply because we are neither neutral nor independent, but part of the company’s communication effort to support its premise: making profit for its shareholders. High business standards will ensure that we produce a comprehensive, appropriate, and trustworthy product – but not an objective one. Two large book projects currently underway in A.P. Moller-Maersk have challenged our views on research and communication – and set the scene for a new approach to our archival research.Less
History Documentation in A.P. Moller-Maersk is about supporting communication with historical facts and adding to the right perspective on today’s business. Our communication is about our impact; on the societies we operate in, individual lives, and the industries we're part of. Based on the company’s values, we aim to be professional and accurate in our research. We aim to establish relevant context for historical facts. But we do not aim to be objective. We are subjective simply because we are neither neutral nor independent, but part of the company’s communication effort to support its premise: making profit for its shareholders. High business standards will ensure that we produce a comprehensive, appropriate, and trustworthy product – but not an objective one. Two large book projects currently underway in A.P. Moller-Maersk have challenged our views on research and communication – and set the scene for a new approach to our archival research.
James C. Raines and Nic T. Dibble
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199735853
- eISBN:
- 9780199863457
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199735853.003.0006
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
There is an important difference between “managing” the ethical predicament, rather than “resolving” it. Managing a problem does not mean that we can necessarily prevent all negative outcomes whereas ...
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There is an important difference between “managing” the ethical predicament, rather than “resolving” it. Managing a problem does not mean that we can necessarily prevent all negative outcomes whereas resolving a problem implies that it can be reconciled to everyone's complete satisfaction. Prior to implementing a course of action, practitioners should subject it to five tests: the Golden Rule, the fiduciary relationship, generalizability, publicity, and universality. Regardless of the decision, some stakeholders will be unhappy so it is important to be able to justify the decision. Criticism can be managed by focusing on three strengths: protection of the student or others from harm; handling the present crisis; and focusing on the positives of the situation such as the fact that the student confided in a trustworthy adult. Finally, it is important to document the ethical decision making steps before implementing the decision.Less
There is an important difference between “managing” the ethical predicament, rather than “resolving” it. Managing a problem does not mean that we can necessarily prevent all negative outcomes whereas resolving a problem implies that it can be reconciled to everyone's complete satisfaction. Prior to implementing a course of action, practitioners should subject it to five tests: the Golden Rule, the fiduciary relationship, generalizability, publicity, and universality. Regardless of the decision, some stakeholders will be unhappy so it is important to be able to justify the decision. Criticism can be managed by focusing on three strengths: protection of the student or others from harm; handling the present crisis; and focusing on the positives of the situation such as the fact that the student confided in a trustworthy adult. Finally, it is important to document the ethical decision making steps before implementing the decision.
Kathleen Coulborn Faller
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195311778
- eISBN:
- 9780199865055
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311778.003.0006
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Crime and Justice
The documentation debate revolves around whether or not to video record child assessment interviews. In the 1980s, a videotape of the child’s interview promised to be a solution to the documentation ...
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The documentation debate revolves around whether or not to video record child assessment interviews. In the 1980s, a videotape of the child’s interview promised to be a solution to the documentation dilemma and a substitute for child testimony in court. Videos haven’t been entirely satisfactory in meeting either goal. This chapter covers various forms of documentation such as audiotaping and note taking, the professional debate about documentation, advantages and disadvantages of videotaping, and offers suggestions about how to and whether to videotape.Less
The documentation debate revolves around whether or not to video record child assessment interviews. In the 1980s, a videotape of the child’s interview promised to be a solution to the documentation dilemma and a substitute for child testimony in court. Videos haven’t been entirely satisfactory in meeting either goal. This chapter covers various forms of documentation such as audiotaping and note taking, the professional debate about documentation, advantages and disadvantages of videotaping, and offers suggestions about how to and whether to videotape.
Deborah R. Becker and Robert E. Drake
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195131215
- eISBN:
- 9780199863808
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195131215.003.0009
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
Developing a comprehensive picture of a client’s strengths, interests, experiences, and challenges informs the job search in terms of job type and employment setting. Instead of conducting ...
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Developing a comprehensive picture of a client’s strengths, interests, experiences, and challenges informs the job search in terms of job type and employment setting. Instead of conducting traditional vocational assessment that is characterized by office-based assessment, testing, work adjustment activities, and set-aside jobs, the employment specialist seeks to gather information about the person over the first few meetings. Using information from the vocational profile, the employment specialist and client develop an individualized employment plan. The vocational assessment is ongoing. New information about the client is gleaned from regular work experiences and is added to the vocational profile.Less
Developing a comprehensive picture of a client’s strengths, interests, experiences, and challenges informs the job search in terms of job type and employment setting. Instead of conducting traditional vocational assessment that is characterized by office-based assessment, testing, work adjustment activities, and set-aside jobs, the employment specialist seeks to gather information about the person over the first few meetings. Using information from the vocational profile, the employment specialist and client develop an individualized employment plan. The vocational assessment is ongoing. New information about the client is gleaned from regular work experiences and is added to the vocational profile.
R. R. Davies
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199542918
- eISBN:
- 9780191715648
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199542918.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
The concept of ‘lordship’ has been more central to the historiography of medieval France and Germany than to that of England or Britain. This may be because England was a king-focused political ...
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The concept of ‘lordship’ has been more central to the historiography of medieval France and Germany than to that of England or Britain. This may be because England was a king-focused political community; the sources were for the most part produced by the royal government; and English historians have concentrated instead on such issues as state-formation. The approach of this book is thematic and analytical; it is sensitive to the chronological and geographical varieties of lordship within the British Isles. The chronological limits of the book are explained, with particular reference to the wealth of documentation available for the chosen period. The focus on the very highest element of the aristocracy is justified, as is the decision to exclude consideration of ecclesiastical lordship and the nature of power in ‘Celtic’ societies. The choice of the British Isles as the unit of investigation is defended.Less
The concept of ‘lordship’ has been more central to the historiography of medieval France and Germany than to that of England or Britain. This may be because England was a king-focused political community; the sources were for the most part produced by the royal government; and English historians have concentrated instead on such issues as state-formation. The approach of this book is thematic and analytical; it is sensitive to the chronological and geographical varieties of lordship within the British Isles. The chronological limits of the book are explained, with particular reference to the wealth of documentation available for the chosen period. The focus on the very highest element of the aristocracy is justified, as is the decision to exclude consideration of ecclesiastical lordship and the nature of power in ‘Celtic’ societies. The choice of the British Isles as the unit of investigation is defended.
Carol Jacobs
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231171823
- eISBN:
- 9780231540100
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231171823.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This is a reading of Sebald's “The Emigrants” which takes up the interrelated issues of memory, repetition, photographic documentation, image and representation, and the Holocaust.
This is a reading of Sebald's “The Emigrants” which takes up the interrelated issues of memory, repetition, photographic documentation, image and representation, and the Holocaust.
Lawrence W. Levine
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195082975
- eISBN:
- 9780199854035
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195082975.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
The chapter discusses the impact of photographs as compared to isolated shots. The series of pictures taken were among the best-known representations of the Depression. Photographic images do not ...
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The chapter discusses the impact of photographs as compared to isolated shots. The series of pictures taken were among the best-known representations of the Depression. Photographic images do not lie, though the truth that they communicate is elusive and incomplete. This is beguiling because these photographs seem to act as the quintessential objective document which makes a greater claim on credibility. Photographs are a source that needs to be interpreted and supplemented by other evidence. They behave much like other sources historians depend on. The process of visual documentation is not simple. The photographer's own needs and perceptions influence those of their subjects. It is a medium that gives an opportunity to explore the past's hidden dimensions.Less
The chapter discusses the impact of photographs as compared to isolated shots. The series of pictures taken were among the best-known representations of the Depression. Photographic images do not lie, though the truth that they communicate is elusive and incomplete. This is beguiling because these photographs seem to act as the quintessential objective document which makes a greater claim on credibility. Photographs are a source that needs to be interpreted and supplemented by other evidence. They behave much like other sources historians depend on. The process of visual documentation is not simple. The photographer's own needs and perceptions influence those of their subjects. It is a medium that gives an opportunity to explore the past's hidden dimensions.
