Leonardo Morlino
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198280828
- eISBN:
- 9780191599965
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198280823.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
The main dimensions and explanations of crisis are discussed. Although a greater space is devoted to the Italian case, aspects of crisis are detected in the other three countries. The key aspects ...
More
The main dimensions and explanations of crisis are discussed. Although a greater space is devoted to the Italian case, aspects of crisis are detected in the other three countries. The key aspects that are considered refer to the reactions to the policies and particularly to the attitudes and behaviour in terms of dissatisfaction, protest, and manifest inefficacy. The mix of fading away of constraints and of emergence of incentives is suggested to be at the core of disanchoring process and, consequently, of internal democratic crisis.Less
The main dimensions and explanations of crisis are discussed. Although a greater space is devoted to the Italian case, aspects of crisis are detected in the other three countries. The key aspects that are considered refer to the reactions to the policies and particularly to the attitudes and behaviour in terms of dissatisfaction, protest, and manifest inefficacy. The mix of fading away of constraints and of emergence of incentives is suggested to be at the core of disanchoring process and, consequently, of internal democratic crisis.
Yves Mény
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199250158
- eISBN:
- 9780191599439
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199250154.003.0015
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
The lack of confidence of citizens in their democratic institutions is not new, although the current context differs in various ways: first, the unchallenged supremacy of the two victorious paradigms ...
More
The lack of confidence of citizens in their democratic institutions is not new, although the current context differs in various ways: first, the unchallenged supremacy of the two victorious paradigms of market and democracy; second, the weaker capacity of new or old democracies to deal with the new challenges they have to face; and third, the relative position of market and democracy, which has changed in favour of the market and to the detriment of democracy. The chapter first considers the nature of the democratic malaise and its manifestations; has it to do with the democratic principle itself or is it only a temporary dissatisfaction with elites, parties and political organizations? Two complementary explanations are then offered to interpret the birth and expansion of this phenomenon: the structural explanation emphasizes the tension between the constitutionalist and the popular dimension of contemporary democracies; the conjunctural explanation relates to political corruption, which became so pervasive in the 1990s and contributed to the delegitimation of representatives and of the principle of representation in many European countries, populism and populist dichotomy.Less
The lack of confidence of citizens in their democratic institutions is not new, although the current context differs in various ways: first, the unchallenged supremacy of the two victorious paradigms of market and democracy; second, the weaker capacity of new or old democracies to deal with the new challenges they have to face; and third, the relative position of market and democracy, which has changed in favour of the market and to the detriment of democracy. The chapter first considers the nature of the democratic malaise and its manifestations; has it to do with the democratic principle itself or is it only a temporary dissatisfaction with elites, parties and political organizations? Two complementary explanations are then offered to interpret the birth and expansion of this phenomenon: the structural explanation emphasizes the tension between the constitutionalist and the popular dimension of contemporary democracies; the conjunctural explanation relates to political corruption, which became so pervasive in the 1990s and contributed to the delegitimation of representatives and of the principle of representation in many European countries, populism and populist dichotomy.
Yue Chim Richard Wong
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9789888139446
- eISBN:
- 9789888180349
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888139446.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
The world economic landscape has experienced seismic changes in the fifteen years after restoration of Chinese sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997. Fortunately, the Hong Kong economy has remained ...
More
The world economic landscape has experienced seismic changes in the fifteen years after restoration of Chinese sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997. Fortunately, the Hong Kong economy has remained steadfast and is still making progress, but public confidence in the governance of the SAR government has declined, and economic and social dissatisfaction have flared. Where should Hong Kong go from here in the face of all kinds of contradictions? This collection of essays provides an analysis of the origins of these contradictions and insights on these issues.Less
The world economic landscape has experienced seismic changes in the fifteen years after restoration of Chinese sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997. Fortunately, the Hong Kong economy has remained steadfast and is still making progress, but public confidence in the governance of the SAR government has declined, and economic and social dissatisfaction have flared. Where should Hong Kong go from here in the face of all kinds of contradictions? This collection of essays provides an analysis of the origins of these contradictions and insights on these issues.
Larry Lankton
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195083576
- eISBN:
- 9780199854158
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195083576.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Concentrating on technology, economics, labor, and social history, this book documents the full life cycle of one of America's great mineral ranges from the 1840s to the 1960s. The book examines the ...
More
Concentrating on technology, economics, labor, and social history, this book documents the full life cycle of one of America's great mineral ranges from the 1840s to the 1960s. The book examines the workers' world underground, but is equally concerned with the mining communities on the surface. For the first fifty years of development, these mining communities remained remarkably harmonious, even while new, large companies obliterated traditional forms of organization and work within the industry. By 1890, however, the Lake Superior copper industry of upper Michigan started facing many challenges, including strong economic competition and a declining profit margin; growing worker dissatisfaction with both living and working conditions; and erosion of the companies' hegemony in a district they once controlled. The book traces technological changes within the mines and provides a thorough investigation of mine accidents and safety. It then focuses on social and labor history, dealing especially with the issue of how company paternalism exerted social control over the work force.Less
Concentrating on technology, economics, labor, and social history, this book documents the full life cycle of one of America's great mineral ranges from the 1840s to the 1960s. The book examines the workers' world underground, but is equally concerned with the mining communities on the surface. For the first fifty years of development, these mining communities remained remarkably harmonious, even while new, large companies obliterated traditional forms of organization and work within the industry. By 1890, however, the Lake Superior copper industry of upper Michigan started facing many challenges, including strong economic competition and a declining profit margin; growing worker dissatisfaction with both living and working conditions; and erosion of the companies' hegemony in a district they once controlled. The book traces technological changes within the mines and provides a thorough investigation of mine accidents and safety. It then focuses on social and labor history, dealing especially with the issue of how company paternalism exerted social control over the work force.
Jonathan Renshon
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691174501
- eISBN:
- 9781400885343
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691174501.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
There is widespread agreement that status or standing in the international system is a critical element in world politics. The desire for status is recognized as a key factor in nuclear ...
More
There is widespread agreement that status or standing in the international system is a critical element in world politics. The desire for status is recognized as a key factor in nuclear proliferation, the rise of China, and other contemporary foreign policy issues, and has long been implicated in foundational theories of international relations and foreign policy. Despite the consensus that status matters, we lack a basic understanding of status dynamics in international politics. This book presents a theory of status dissatisfaction that delves into the nature of prestige in international conflicts and specifies why states want status and how they get it. What actions do status concerns trigger, and what strategies do states use to maximize or salvage their standing? When does status matter, and under what circumstances do concerns over relative position overshadow the myriad other concerns that leaders face? In examining these questions, the book moves beyond a focus on major powers and shows how different states construct status communities of peer competitors that shift over time as states move up or down, or out, of various groups. This book provides a compelling look at the causes and consequences of status on the global stage.Less
There is widespread agreement that status or standing in the international system is a critical element in world politics. The desire for status is recognized as a key factor in nuclear proliferation, the rise of China, and other contemporary foreign policy issues, and has long been implicated in foundational theories of international relations and foreign policy. Despite the consensus that status matters, we lack a basic understanding of status dynamics in international politics. This book presents a theory of status dissatisfaction that delves into the nature of prestige in international conflicts and specifies why states want status and how they get it. What actions do status concerns trigger, and what strategies do states use to maximize or salvage their standing? When does status matter, and under what circumstances do concerns over relative position overshadow the myriad other concerns that leaders face? In examining these questions, the book moves beyond a focus on major powers and shows how different states construct status communities of peer competitors that shift over time as states move up or down, or out, of various groups. This book provides a compelling look at the causes and consequences of status on the global stage.
Jonathan Boyarin
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520079557
- eISBN:
- 9780520913431
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520079557.003.0011
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
This chapter explores different questions as a means of understanding the dismal classroom situation and establishing criteria for positive change. This way Bishop and the Kashaya schoolboard might ...
More
This chapter explores different questions as a means of understanding the dismal classroom situation and establishing criteria for positive change. This way Bishop and the Kashaya schoolboard might have a way to think about ideas and suggestions for change. The chapter focuses upon the students' reading of the Slug Woman text. It also exposes cultural conflicts and associated psychological tensions that play an integral role in the formation of chasms leading to student dissatisfaction and alienation. The chapter aims to provide a means for thinking about issues of student reading and response.Less
This chapter explores different questions as a means of understanding the dismal classroom situation and establishing criteria for positive change. This way Bishop and the Kashaya schoolboard might have a way to think about ideas and suggestions for change. The chapter focuses upon the students' reading of the Slug Woman text. It also exposes cultural conflicts and associated psychological tensions that play an integral role in the formation of chasms leading to student dissatisfaction and alienation. The chapter aims to provide a means for thinking about issues of student reading and response.
Barry Stroud
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195151886
- eISBN:
- 9780199867189
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195151887.003.0009
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
Argues that the goals of the investigation into the relation between colours and independent reality lead to dissatisfaction. This arises because the metaphysical question cannot be fully answered. ...
More
Argues that the goals of the investigation into the relation between colours and independent reality lead to dissatisfaction. This arises because the metaphysical question cannot be fully answered. Objectivity and subjectivity are both seen as approaches which are not fully applicable to the question of the relation between colours and independent objective reality.Less
Argues that the goals of the investigation into the relation between colours and independent reality lead to dissatisfaction. This arises because the metaphysical question cannot be fully answered. Objectivity and subjectivity are both seen as approaches which are not fully applicable to the question of the relation between colours and independent objective reality.
Lindsay McLaren and Jane Wardle
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780192632890
- eISBN:
- 9780191723629
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192632890.003.0009
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter integrates existing literature on body dissatisfaction in a way that highlights possible pathways or trajectories that explain variation in body dissatisfaction at midlife. It focuses on ...
More
This chapter integrates existing literature on body dissatisfaction in a way that highlights possible pathways or trajectories that explain variation in body dissatisfaction at midlife. It focuses on three main questions: first, what is the extent or prevalence of body dissatisfaction in women beyond young adulthood, and what trends have there been over time? Second, what are the consequences of body dissatisfaction for health and well-being among older women? Third, what are the determinants of dissatisfaction at different stages of the life span that may be relevant in explaining midlife dissatisfaction? A life course perspective is considered in this third goal, and since this perspective is a new framework for the study of body image, identification of gaps in the literature is inevitable.Less
This chapter integrates existing literature on body dissatisfaction in a way that highlights possible pathways or trajectories that explain variation in body dissatisfaction at midlife. It focuses on three main questions: first, what is the extent or prevalence of body dissatisfaction in women beyond young adulthood, and what trends have there been over time? Second, what are the consequences of body dissatisfaction for health and well-being among older women? Third, what are the determinants of dissatisfaction at different stages of the life span that may be relevant in explaining midlife dissatisfaction? A life course perspective is considered in this third goal, and since this perspective is a new framework for the study of body image, identification of gaps in the literature is inevitable.
Ann Oakley
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781447346166
- eISBN:
- 9781447349402
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447346166.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
This chapter describes the study of housework. The sociological neglect of housework was demonstrated in the last chapter. Because so little material exists, the study presented in this book was ...
More
This chapter describes the study of housework. The sociological neglect of housework was demonstrated in the last chapter. Because so little material exists, the study presented in this book was conceived as an exploratory, pilot survey. A first aim is to describe the housewife's work situation and the housewife's attitudes to housework. A second is to examine patterns of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with housework in relation to a number of variables, including social class, education, the division of labour in marriage, technical equipment, and patterns of social interaction. A third aim is to suggest possible hypotheses directed towards explaining differences between housewives in attitudes to housework and the housework situation. The sample consisted of forty London housewives, all aged between twenty and thirty at the time of interview.Less
This chapter describes the study of housework. The sociological neglect of housework was demonstrated in the last chapter. Because so little material exists, the study presented in this book was conceived as an exploratory, pilot survey. A first aim is to describe the housewife's work situation and the housewife's attitudes to housework. A second is to examine patterns of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with housework in relation to a number of variables, including social class, education, the division of labour in marriage, technical equipment, and patterns of social interaction. A third aim is to suggest possible hypotheses directed towards explaining differences between housewives in attitudes to housework and the housework situation. The sample consisted of forty London housewives, all aged between twenty and thirty at the time of interview.
Paul Fawcett, Matthew Flinders, Colin Hay, and Matthew Wood (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198748977
- eISBN:
- 9780191811616
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198748977.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
There is a growing body of evidence pointing towards rising levels of public dissatisfaction with the formal political process. Depoliticization refers to a more discrete range of contemporary ...
More
There is a growing body of evidence pointing towards rising levels of public dissatisfaction with the formal political process. Depoliticization refers to a more discrete range of contemporary strategies politicians employ that tend to remove or displace the potential for choice, collective agency, and deliberation. This book examines the relationship between these trends of dissatisfaction and displacement, as understood within the broader shift towards governance. It brings together a number of contributions from scholars who have a varied range of concerns but who nevertheless share a common interest in developing the concept of depoliticization through their engagement with a set of theoretical, conceptual, methodological, and empirical questions. The contributions in this volume explore these questions from a variety of different perspectives by using a number of different empirical examples and case studies from both within the nation state and from other regional, global, and multilevel arenas. In this context, this volume examines the limits and potential of depoliticization as a concept and its contribution to the larger and more established literatures on governance and anti-politics.Less
There is a growing body of evidence pointing towards rising levels of public dissatisfaction with the formal political process. Depoliticization refers to a more discrete range of contemporary strategies politicians employ that tend to remove or displace the potential for choice, collective agency, and deliberation. This book examines the relationship between these trends of dissatisfaction and displacement, as understood within the broader shift towards governance. It brings together a number of contributions from scholars who have a varied range of concerns but who nevertheless share a common interest in developing the concept of depoliticization through their engagement with a set of theoretical, conceptual, methodological, and empirical questions. The contributions in this volume explore these questions from a variety of different perspectives by using a number of different empirical examples and case studies from both within the nation state and from other regional, global, and multilevel arenas. In this context, this volume examines the limits and potential of depoliticization as a concept and its contribution to the larger and more established literatures on governance and anti-politics.
Rodrigo Magalhães
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- October 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198867333
- eISBN:
- 9780191904097
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198867333.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
As a topic, organization design is poorly understood. While it is featured in most management textbooks as a chapter dedicated to organizational structures, it is unclear whether organization design ...
More
As a topic, organization design is poorly understood. While it is featured in most management textbooks as a chapter dedicated to organizational structures, it is unclear whether organization design is a one-off event or an ongoing process. Thus, it has traditionally been understood to be the same as an organizational configuration, with neat lines of communication and distribution of responsibilities, following pre-set typologies. However, what can be said to constitute organizational structure in this first half of the 21st century? The extraordinary growth of digital communications, the decreasing relevance of hierarchical bureaucracies, and the general demise of command-and-control have all but decimated the traditional notion of organizational structure. In this book it is argued that organization design needs a theoretical revamping. Using a mix of design and social sciences theories and concepts, the new approach is divided into three parts: design logics, design processes, and design leadership. A generic definition of organization design logics is offered, as a set of beliefs shared by managers and entrepreneurs in given sectors of the economy about the way organizations should be designed. Five logics and three types of designing processes are put forward. Logics: (1) the identity logic, (2) the normative logic, (3) the service logic, (4) the logic of effectual reasoning, (5) the logic of interactive structure. Processes: (1) intended design, (2) emergent design, (3) perceived design. For the leadership part, a model of leaderful organization design(ing) is proposed, with the following distinguishing features: (a) practice-based, (b) guided by values of democratic participation, (c) places meaning-making and meaning-taking at the centre of organizational life, (d) driven by design logics, which can be adopted and adapted to suit different internal and external environments.Less
As a topic, organization design is poorly understood. While it is featured in most management textbooks as a chapter dedicated to organizational structures, it is unclear whether organization design is a one-off event or an ongoing process. Thus, it has traditionally been understood to be the same as an organizational configuration, with neat lines of communication and distribution of responsibilities, following pre-set typologies. However, what can be said to constitute organizational structure in this first half of the 21st century? The extraordinary growth of digital communications, the decreasing relevance of hierarchical bureaucracies, and the general demise of command-and-control have all but decimated the traditional notion of organizational structure. In this book it is argued that organization design needs a theoretical revamping. Using a mix of design and social sciences theories and concepts, the new approach is divided into three parts: design logics, design processes, and design leadership. A generic definition of organization design logics is offered, as a set of beliefs shared by managers and entrepreneurs in given sectors of the economy about the way organizations should be designed. Five logics and three types of designing processes are put forward. Logics: (1) the identity logic, (2) the normative logic, (3) the service logic, (4) the logic of effectual reasoning, (5) the logic of interactive structure. Processes: (1) intended design, (2) emergent design, (3) perceived design. For the leadership part, a model of leaderful organization design(ing) is proposed, with the following distinguishing features: (a) practice-based, (b) guided by values of democratic participation, (c) places meaning-making and meaning-taking at the centre of organizational life, (d) driven by design logics, which can be adopted and adapted to suit different internal and external environments.
Chris Hann and Hermann Goltz
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520260559
- eISBN:
- 9780520945920
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520260559.003.0015
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Religion
This chapter takes up the question of why the increasingly public role of the Orthodox Church has been accompanied by public dissatisfaction, and in particular why the church's efforts to serve its ...
More
This chapter takes up the question of why the increasingly public role of the Orthodox Church has been accompanied by public dissatisfaction, and in particular why the church's efforts to serve its followers and other constituents through charitable projects have generated such resounding public criticism. Through a study that compares the types of services provided by Orthodox communities with the perspectives of ordinary Russians, the chapter suggests that the central issue is not one of theological or liturgical differences, but rather a conflict over the nature of religious communities as social institutions and the ethics of compassion and benevolence associated with these communities.Less
This chapter takes up the question of why the increasingly public role of the Orthodox Church has been accompanied by public dissatisfaction, and in particular why the church's efforts to serve its followers and other constituents through charitable projects have generated such resounding public criticism. Through a study that compares the types of services provided by Orthodox communities with the perspectives of ordinary Russians, the chapter suggests that the central issue is not one of theological or liturgical differences, but rather a conflict over the nature of religious communities as social institutions and the ethics of compassion and benevolence associated with these communities.
Kelly Bogue
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447350538
- eISBN:
- 9781447350545
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447350538.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
This chapter presents concluding remarks about the impacts of the Bedroom Tax. It reflects on the processes through which housing insecurity is generated and how this is playing a central role in ...
More
This chapter presents concluding remarks about the impacts of the Bedroom Tax. It reflects on the processes through which housing insecurity is generated and how this is playing a central role in increasing urban marginality. It does so by drawing on studies about rising housing precarity and homelessness to consider how both the social and private housing sectors have been responding to reductions in housing benefit. This chapter argues that we need to re-consider how and in what ways the struggles over housing are being played out at the local level and how this can generate divisions in and between different groups. Particularly when people are re-negotiating a welfare state that is undergoing deep systematic reorganisation. It considers the relationship between austerity policies and their role in creating political dissatisfaction with the state of UK politics. Especially in areas where the full impact of austerity measures have been felt.Less
This chapter presents concluding remarks about the impacts of the Bedroom Tax. It reflects on the processes through which housing insecurity is generated and how this is playing a central role in increasing urban marginality. It does so by drawing on studies about rising housing precarity and homelessness to consider how both the social and private housing sectors have been responding to reductions in housing benefit. This chapter argues that we need to re-consider how and in what ways the struggles over housing are being played out at the local level and how this can generate divisions in and between different groups. Particularly when people are re-negotiating a welfare state that is undergoing deep systematic reorganisation. It considers the relationship between austerity policies and their role in creating political dissatisfaction with the state of UK politics. Especially in areas where the full impact of austerity measures have been felt.
Piero Ignazi
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198735854
- eISBN:
- 9780191799815
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198735854.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The Conclusion addresses the parties’ present condition in the European political systems. Indeed, at the dawn of the new century parties have become Leviathan with clay feet: powerful in the ...
More
The Conclusion addresses the parties’ present condition in the European political systems. Indeed, at the dawn of the new century parties have become Leviathan with clay feet: powerful in the political arena thanks to control of state resources, but very weak in terms of legitimacy in the eyes of public opinion. Only by abandoning the citadelle in which they are entrenched, recasting societal linkages, relinquishing all their privileges, and dismissing their self-referential attitude might they recover the confidence of the electorate. Maintaining a state-centred status will only lead to a dead end, and this will also harm the democratic system itself. The collapse of parties’ legitimacy inevitably affects democratic institutions: the mounting populist and plebiscitary wave suggests how pervasive is the crisis and how dramatic the challenge.Less
The Conclusion addresses the parties’ present condition in the European political systems. Indeed, at the dawn of the new century parties have become Leviathan with clay feet: powerful in the political arena thanks to control of state resources, but very weak in terms of legitimacy in the eyes of public opinion. Only by abandoning the citadelle in which they are entrenched, recasting societal linkages, relinquishing all their privileges, and dismissing their self-referential attitude might they recover the confidence of the electorate. Maintaining a state-centred status will only lead to a dead end, and this will also harm the democratic system itself. The collapse of parties’ legitimacy inevitably affects democratic institutions: the mounting populist and plebiscitary wave suggests how pervasive is the crisis and how dramatic the challenge.
Nancy Rosenberger
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824836962
- eISBN:
- 9780824870898
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824836962.003.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This book examines the nuances of long-term resistance in the lives of Japanese women experiencing ambivalent dissatisfaction from their upbringing in postwar Japan and fashioning adult lives in the ...
More
This book examines the nuances of long-term resistance in the lives of Japanese women experiencing ambivalent dissatisfaction from their upbringing in postwar Japan and fashioning adult lives in the globalized and destabilized Japan of the 1990s and 2000s. The study draws on interviews with more than fifty Japanese women over two decades; these women, born between 1958 and 1968, grew up in the heyday of postwar economic growth in the 1960s and 1970s and came of age surrounded by consumption, entertainment, and the spread of global ideas about individuality and women's freedom. This is the era of late modernity, marked by neoliberalism, late capitalism, and postmodernism. The book considers ambivalence, tension, ambiguity, and contradiction as the core concepts of long-term resistance. It explores the ways that Japanese women cope with contradictions externally and internally, their acts of conformity as well as agency or resistance, and how their lives unfold in the space between the perception of risk and personal insecurity and the wish for peace of mind or stability.Less
This book examines the nuances of long-term resistance in the lives of Japanese women experiencing ambivalent dissatisfaction from their upbringing in postwar Japan and fashioning adult lives in the globalized and destabilized Japan of the 1990s and 2000s. The study draws on interviews with more than fifty Japanese women over two decades; these women, born between 1958 and 1968, grew up in the heyday of postwar economic growth in the 1960s and 1970s and came of age surrounded by consumption, entertainment, and the spread of global ideas about individuality and women's freedom. This is the era of late modernity, marked by neoliberalism, late capitalism, and postmodernism. The book considers ambivalence, tension, ambiguity, and contradiction as the core concepts of long-term resistance. It explores the ways that Japanese women cope with contradictions externally and internally, their acts of conformity as well as agency or resistance, and how their lives unfold in the space between the perception of risk and personal insecurity and the wish for peace of mind or stability.
Julia Brannen, June Statham, Ann Mooney, and Michaela Brockmann
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861348500
- eISBN:
- 9781447301882
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861348500.003.0008
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter considers questions concerning who stays and who leaves childcare work and why. It also examines movement between different types of work with vulnerable children, since this has ...
More
This chapter considers questions concerning who stays and who leaves childcare work and why. It also examines movement between different types of work with vulnerable children, since this has particular relevance for government policies to encourage greater flexibility and transferability across the childcare workforce. The chapter shows that the reasons why people move on from particular types of childcare work reflect a variety of factors, including their life stage, personal or family situation, dissatisfaction with the work, and better opportunities being available elsewhere. Given the often difficult and demanding nature of the work, and the conditions under which it is undertaken, the surprise is perhaps not that people leave, but that so many stay. When workers did move on, it was usually to another type of care work with children and young people.Less
This chapter considers questions concerning who stays and who leaves childcare work and why. It also examines movement between different types of work with vulnerable children, since this has particular relevance for government policies to encourage greater flexibility and transferability across the childcare workforce. The chapter shows that the reasons why people move on from particular types of childcare work reflect a variety of factors, including their life stage, personal or family situation, dissatisfaction with the work, and better opportunities being available elsewhere. Given the often difficult and demanding nature of the work, and the conditions under which it is undertaken, the surprise is perhaps not that people leave, but that so many stay. When workers did move on, it was usually to another type of care work with children and young people.
Stanley Tamuka Zengeya and Tiroumourougane V Serane
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780199587933
- eISBN:
- 9780191917974
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199587933.003.0008
- Subject:
- Clinical Medicine and Allied Health, Professional Development in Medicine
Communication is not just giving information; rather, it is a two-way process and involves the exchange of information, ideas, and knowledge. Eff ective communication ...
More
Communication is not just giving information; rather, it is a two-way process and involves the exchange of information, ideas, and knowledge. Eff ective communication is the key to success and can be achieved only if the receiver understands the exact information the sender is aiming to transfer. Medical communication is the art of speaking clearly and professionally, while reducing the possibility of being misunderstood. It will increase patient satisfaction and trust and improve understanding of treatment and compliance. Examiners consider effective communication to be the most essential skill any doctor requires to deal with the patient’s problems. The General Medical Council has highlighted the importance of communicating well by stating that ‘medical graduates must be able to communicate clearly, sensitively and effectively, not only with patients and their relatives, but also with colleagues and other healthcare professionals’. The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Heath has put so much emphasis on communication that this is the only skill that is tested in two independent stations in the clinical examination. The College feels that a careful assessment of communication skills distinguishes the good candidates from the bad ones. Often, overseas-trained candidates and non-native English speakers find this station difficult, as they may not have grasped the basic skills of this assessment. In this station, the examiner will watch a communication scenario between the candidate and the patient’s family. It is of utmost importance to read the instructions carefully and understand them. A common mistake is to confuse this station with history taking. The examiner’s task is to observe only and not to ask any questions or make any comments on the candidate's performance. At the end of the episode, the examiner will evaluate the candidate’s performance. The key competence skills required in the communication station are given in table 2.1. Effective communication is a two-way process in which there is an exchange of thoughts, feelings, or ideas towards a mutually accepted goal. Speaking and listening are the two arms of effective communication. One cannot be an effective communicator if both speaking and listening are not mastered. Medical communication starts with speaking, which requires a sender, a message, a medium or channel, and a receiver. The sender encodes a package of information and transmits this by a medium to the receiver. Commonly used media include air, noise, signal, and paper. Content and context are the two elements of information that will be transmitted via the medium. Content is the actual words or symbols. Context is the way the message is delivered, that is the non-verbal components such as body language, facial expressions, posture, gestures, eye contact, and state of emotion. During communication, context is extremely important as it helps the patient and the doctor to understand one another. On receiving the message, the recipient decodes it and can give the sender feedback (figure 2.1).
Less
Communication is not just giving information; rather, it is a two-way process and involves the exchange of information, ideas, and knowledge. Eff ective communication is the key to success and can be achieved only if the receiver understands the exact information the sender is aiming to transfer. Medical communication is the art of speaking clearly and professionally, while reducing the possibility of being misunderstood. It will increase patient satisfaction and trust and improve understanding of treatment and compliance. Examiners consider effective communication to be the most essential skill any doctor requires to deal with the patient’s problems. The General Medical Council has highlighted the importance of communicating well by stating that ‘medical graduates must be able to communicate clearly, sensitively and effectively, not only with patients and their relatives, but also with colleagues and other healthcare professionals’. The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Heath has put so much emphasis on communication that this is the only skill that is tested in two independent stations in the clinical examination. The College feels that a careful assessment of communication skills distinguishes the good candidates from the bad ones. Often, overseas-trained candidates and non-native English speakers find this station difficult, as they may not have grasped the basic skills of this assessment. In this station, the examiner will watch a communication scenario between the candidate and the patient’s family. It is of utmost importance to read the instructions carefully and understand them. A common mistake is to confuse this station with history taking. The examiner’s task is to observe only and not to ask any questions or make any comments on the candidate's performance. At the end of the episode, the examiner will evaluate the candidate’s performance. The key competence skills required in the communication station are given in table 2.1. Effective communication is a two-way process in which there is an exchange of thoughts, feelings, or ideas towards a mutually accepted goal. Speaking and listening are the two arms of effective communication. One cannot be an effective communicator if both speaking and listening are not mastered. Medical communication starts with speaking, which requires a sender, a message, a medium or channel, and a receiver. The sender encodes a package of information and transmits this by a medium to the receiver. Commonly used media include air, noise, signal, and paper. Content and context are the two elements of information that will be transmitted via the medium. Content is the actual words or symbols. Context is the way the message is delivered, that is the non-verbal components such as body language, facial expressions, posture, gestures, eye contact, and state of emotion. During communication, context is extremely important as it helps the patient and the doctor to understand one another. On receiving the message, the recipient decodes it and can give the sender feedback (figure 2.1).
Elizabeth V. Spelman
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190239350
- eISBN:
- 9780190239381
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190239350.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics, Moral Philosophy
The brief Epilogue notes that the promised portrait of people’s intimate connections with the world of rejectamenta turns out to be more like a sestych or six-panel installation. Or, to shift ...
More
The brief Epilogue notes that the promised portrait of people’s intimate connections with the world of rejectamenta turns out to be more like a sestych or six-panel installation. Or, to shift metaphors, trash and waste here take a curtain call, having had starring roles in projects near and dear to the hearts of human beings: to gain power or advantage over others by being in possession of knowledge about them; to establish superior social and economic rank; to raise doubts about people’s character and thereby marginalize them or exclude them from full citizenship; to come up with authoritative accounts of humanity’s origins; to warn of the perils associated with that insistent and hard-to-resist element in people’s makeup known as dissatisfaction; and to distinguish the brighter from the dimmer bulbs burning in the hall of human judgment.Less
The brief Epilogue notes that the promised portrait of people’s intimate connections with the world of rejectamenta turns out to be more like a sestych or six-panel installation. Or, to shift metaphors, trash and waste here take a curtain call, having had starring roles in projects near and dear to the hearts of human beings: to gain power or advantage over others by being in possession of knowledge about them; to establish superior social and economic rank; to raise doubts about people’s character and thereby marginalize them or exclude them from full citizenship; to come up with authoritative accounts of humanity’s origins; to warn of the perils associated with that insistent and hard-to-resist element in people’s makeup known as dissatisfaction; and to distinguish the brighter from the dimmer bulbs burning in the hall of human judgment.
Nancy Tomes
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469622774
- eISBN:
- 9781469622798
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469622774.003.0006
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
This chapter examines how medical care became the “fourth necessity” of modern life—after food, clothing, and housing—during the postwar period. There were disagreements on what shape America's ...
More
This chapter examines how medical care became the “fourth necessity” of modern life—after food, clothing, and housing—during the postwar period. There were disagreements on what shape America's medical order would take after World War II. Some advocated for an American equivalent to Britain's National Health Service, whereas others agreed that a more “free enterprise” system would better suit the nation. In the late 1940s, the business-backed model of free enterprise prevailed, giving rise to a medical economy that moved in the opposite direction from what consumerists had hoped for. In the short run, these free enterprise modifications to the medical economy paved the way for the remarkable expansion of the health care system. This chapter considers how American medicine came into even closer alignment with the dynamics of postwar consumer capitalism, which brought a dramatic increase in the number of medical products and services available to patients but also led to more consumer dissatisfaction.Less
This chapter examines how medical care became the “fourth necessity” of modern life—after food, clothing, and housing—during the postwar period. There were disagreements on what shape America's medical order would take after World War II. Some advocated for an American equivalent to Britain's National Health Service, whereas others agreed that a more “free enterprise” system would better suit the nation. In the late 1940s, the business-backed model of free enterprise prevailed, giving rise to a medical economy that moved in the opposite direction from what consumerists had hoped for. In the short run, these free enterprise modifications to the medical economy paved the way for the remarkable expansion of the health care system. This chapter considers how American medicine came into even closer alignment with the dynamics of postwar consumer capitalism, which brought a dramatic increase in the number of medical products and services available to patients but also led to more consumer dissatisfaction.
Heather Hirschfeld
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452741
- eISBN:
- 9780801470639
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452741.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies
This chapter demonstrates how Doctor Faustus' fascination with hell—Western culture's imagined site of eternal dissatisfaction—was a symptom of its protagonist's inability to qualify or quantify what ...
More
This chapter demonstrates how Doctor Faustus' fascination with hell—Western culture's imagined site of eternal dissatisfaction—was a symptom of its protagonist's inability to qualify or quantify what counts as “enough.” It argues that the play's generic and penitential impulses take shape as an underworld journey as much as they do a psychomachia. The “form of Faustus' fortunes” has much in common with the cycle drama, or at least the event of Christ's descent into hell. The chapter examines the economies of satisfaction present in contemporary understandings of hell. It then turns to the theological and literary debates around Christ's descent to hell to show how they flow into Faustus's own salvific concerns, making him the center of a contorted harrowing of hell play.Less
This chapter demonstrates how Doctor Faustus' fascination with hell—Western culture's imagined site of eternal dissatisfaction—was a symptom of its protagonist's inability to qualify or quantify what counts as “enough.” It argues that the play's generic and penitential impulses take shape as an underworld journey as much as they do a psychomachia. The “form of Faustus' fortunes” has much in common with the cycle drama, or at least the event of Christ's descent into hell. The chapter examines the economies of satisfaction present in contemporary understandings of hell. It then turns to the theological and literary debates around Christ's descent to hell to show how they flow into Faustus's own salvific concerns, making him the center of a contorted harrowing of hell play.
