Alnoor Bhimani and Michael Bromwich
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199546350
- eISBN:
- 9780191720048
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546350.003.0005
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Finance, Accounting, and Banking
This chapter discusses aspects of the digital economy and globalization and their influence on management accounting. It argues that strategy, technology, and costs are increasingly co-mingled in ...
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This chapter discusses aspects of the digital economy and globalization and their influence on management accounting. It argues that strategy, technology, and costs are increasingly co-mingled in globalized and digitized organizational contexts. Conceiving ways of doing things has traditionally been regarded as a necessarily distinct process from the actual execution of activities. This notion is embedded across the majority of established enterprise management approaches. But managerial intentions and actions are becoming intertwined in many enterprises. Decision-based thinking does not necessarily always precede managerial action. The chapter discusses how digitization and globalization are altering decision making processes and organizational action. It does so by considering virtual organization-based issues and some wider possible implications for strategic management accounting. A case study of a firm tackling digitization and globalization issues is discussed to draw out these conclusions.Less
This chapter discusses aspects of the digital economy and globalization and their influence on management accounting. It argues that strategy, technology, and costs are increasingly co-mingled in globalized and digitized organizational contexts. Conceiving ways of doing things has traditionally been regarded as a necessarily distinct process from the actual execution of activities. This notion is embedded across the majority of established enterprise management approaches. But managerial intentions and actions are becoming intertwined in many enterprises. Decision-based thinking does not necessarily always precede managerial action. The chapter discusses how digitization and globalization are altering decision making processes and organizational action. It does so by considering virtual organization-based issues and some wider possible implications for strategic management accounting. A case study of a firm tackling digitization and globalization issues is discussed to draw out these conclusions.
Zohar Efroni
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199734078
- eISBN:
- 9780199866137
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734078.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
Copyright law has become the subject of general concerns that reach beyond the limited circles of specialists and prototypical rights-holders. The role, scope, and effect of copyright mechanisms ...
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Copyright law has become the subject of general concerns that reach beyond the limited circles of specialists and prototypical rights-holders. The role, scope, and effect of copyright mechanisms involve genuinely complex questions. Digitization trends and the legal changes that followed drew those complex matters to the center of an ongoing public debate. This book explores theoretical, normative, and practical aspects of premising copyright on the principle of access to works. The impetus to this approach has been the emergence of technology that many consider a threat to the intended operation, and perhaps even to the very integrity, of copyright protection in the digital setting: It is the ability to control digital works already at the stage of accessing them by means of technological protection measures. The pervasive shift toward the use of digital technology for the creation, dissemination, exploitation, and consumption of copyrighted material warrants a shift also in the way we perceive the structure of copyright rules. Premising the copyright order on the concept of digital access first calls for explaining the basic components of proprietary access control over information in the abstract. The book then surveys recent developments in positive law, while showing how the theoretical access-right construct could explain the logic behind them. Finally, the book critically analyzes existing approaches to curbing the resulting problems of imbalance and overprotection, which are said to disadvantage users. In conclusion, the book advocates for a structural overhaul of our current regulative apparatus. The proposed reform involves a series of changes in the way we define copyright entitlements, and in the way in which those entitlements may interrelate within a single, coherent scheme.Less
Copyright law has become the subject of general concerns that reach beyond the limited circles of specialists and prototypical rights-holders. The role, scope, and effect of copyright mechanisms involve genuinely complex questions. Digitization trends and the legal changes that followed drew those complex matters to the center of an ongoing public debate. This book explores theoretical, normative, and practical aspects of premising copyright on the principle of access to works. The impetus to this approach has been the emergence of technology that many consider a threat to the intended operation, and perhaps even to the very integrity, of copyright protection in the digital setting: It is the ability to control digital works already at the stage of accessing them by means of technological protection measures. The pervasive shift toward the use of digital technology for the creation, dissemination, exploitation, and consumption of copyrighted material warrants a shift also in the way we perceive the structure of copyright rules. Premising the copyright order on the concept of digital access first calls for explaining the basic components of proprietary access control over information in the abstract. The book then surveys recent developments in positive law, while showing how the theoretical access-right construct could explain the logic behind them. Finally, the book critically analyzes existing approaches to curbing the resulting problems of imbalance and overprotection, which are said to disadvantage users. In conclusion, the book advocates for a structural overhaul of our current regulative apparatus. The proposed reform involves a series of changes in the way we define copyright entitlements, and in the way in which those entitlements may interrelate within a single, coherent scheme.
Maurizio Borghi and Stavroula Karapapa
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199664559
- eISBN:
- 9780191758409
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664559.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Intellectual Property, IT, and Media Law
Mass digitization of texts, images, and other creative works promises to unprecedentedly enhance access to culture and knowledge. With the electronic ‘library of Alexandria’ having started to ...
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Mass digitization of texts, images, and other creative works promises to unprecedentedly enhance access to culture and knowledge. With the electronic ‘library of Alexandria’ having started to materialize, a number of legal and policy issues have emerged. The book develops an extended conceptual account of the ways in which mass digital projects challenge the established copyright norms through the wholesale copying of works, their storage in cloud environments, and their automated processing for purposes of data analytics and text mining. As individual licensing is not compatible with the mass scale of these activities, alternative approaches have gained momentum as effect of judicial interpretation, legislative initiative, and private-ordering solutions. The book queries the normative and policy implications of this newly emerging framework in copyright law. Adopting a cross-jurisdictional perspective, it concludes that lack of clarity as to the scope of authorial consent does not only bear the risk of legal uncertainty, but can also lead to the creation of new and not readily transparent monopolies on information and knowledge. In this respect, a new regulatory framework is outlined drawing from the insights developed in areas of law where the concept of consent in the use of data has been thoroughly elaborated. Illustrating how mass digitization unveils a number of unsettled theoretical issues within copyright, the book builds a sophisticated case that digital repositories in the mass digital age should be and remain fully-fledged public goods to the benefit of future generations.Less
Mass digitization of texts, images, and other creative works promises to unprecedentedly enhance access to culture and knowledge. With the electronic ‘library of Alexandria’ having started to materialize, a number of legal and policy issues have emerged. The book develops an extended conceptual account of the ways in which mass digital projects challenge the established copyright norms through the wholesale copying of works, their storage in cloud environments, and their automated processing for purposes of data analytics and text mining. As individual licensing is not compatible with the mass scale of these activities, alternative approaches have gained momentum as effect of judicial interpretation, legislative initiative, and private-ordering solutions. The book queries the normative and policy implications of this newly emerging framework in copyright law. Adopting a cross-jurisdictional perspective, it concludes that lack of clarity as to the scope of authorial consent does not only bear the risk of legal uncertainty, but can also lead to the creation of new and not readily transparent monopolies on information and knowledge. In this respect, a new regulatory framework is outlined drawing from the insights developed in areas of law where the concept of consent in the use of data has been thoroughly elaborated. Illustrating how mass digitization unveils a number of unsettled theoretical issues within copyright, the book builds a sophisticated case that digital repositories in the mass digital age should be and remain fully-fledged public goods to the benefit of future generations.
Luc Soete
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199258178
- eISBN:
- 9780191595868
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199258171.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
In this chapter, the account of the emergence of the new learning economy is based on research carried out within the framework of the European Commission's Targeted Socio–Economic Research (TSER) ...
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In this chapter, the account of the emergence of the new learning economy is based on research carried out within the framework of the European Commission's Targeted Socio–Economic Research (TSER) project ‘Technology and Employment’. In the first section, some aggregate economic evidence is briefly reviewed that shows a remarkable divergence in growth pattern between the USA, and Europe and Japan over the last decade. In the second section, some of the main new features of the economy as identified by Business Week (globalization and digitization) are reviewed. The third section discusses the challenges posed to traditional economic concepts, and in particular, to the functioning of markets by a more open, immaterial economy in which value generation is less related to material production than to information content, distribution, and consumer interaction. Lastly, some policy conclusions are drawn.Less
In this chapter, the account of the emergence of the new learning economy is based on research carried out within the framework of the European Commission's Targeted Socio–Economic Research (TSER) project ‘Technology and Employment’. In the first section, some aggregate economic evidence is briefly reviewed that shows a remarkable divergence in growth pattern between the USA, and Europe and Japan over the last decade. In the second section, some of the main new features of the economy as identified by Business Week (globalization and digitization) are reviewed. The third section discusses the challenges posed to traditional economic concepts, and in particular, to the functioning of markets by a more open, immaterial economy in which value generation is less related to material production than to information content, distribution, and consumer interaction. Lastly, some policy conclusions are drawn.
Jude Piesse
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- December 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198752967
- eISBN:
- 9780191814433
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198752967.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism, American, 19th Century Literature
This book examines the literary culture of Victorian mass settler emigration as it circulated across a broad range of contemporary periodicals. It argues that the Victorian periodical was an ...
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This book examines the literary culture of Victorian mass settler emigration as it circulated across a broad range of contemporary periodicals. It argues that the Victorian periodical was an inherently mobile form, which had an unrivalled capacity to register mass settler emigration and moderate its disruptive potential. The first three chapters focus on settler emigration genres that featured within a range of mainstream, middle-class periodicals, incorporating the analysis of emigrant voyage texts, emigration-themed Christmas stories, and serialized novels about settlement. These genres are cohesive, domestic, and reassuring, and thus of a different character from the adventure stories often associated with Victorian empire. The second part of the book brings to light a feminist and radical periodical emigration literature that often drew upon mainstream representations of emigration in order to challenge their dominant formations. It examines emigration texts featured in the Victorian feminist and women’s presses, Chartist anti-emigration literature, utopian emigration narratives, and a corpus of transnational westerns. Alongside its analysis of more ephemeral emigration texts, the book offers fresh readings of important works by Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Thomas Martin Wheeler, and others. It also maps its analysis of settler emigration onto broader debates about Victorian literature and culture, Victorian empire, the global circulation of texts, periodical form, and the role of digitization within Victorian studies.Less
This book examines the literary culture of Victorian mass settler emigration as it circulated across a broad range of contemporary periodicals. It argues that the Victorian periodical was an inherently mobile form, which had an unrivalled capacity to register mass settler emigration and moderate its disruptive potential. The first three chapters focus on settler emigration genres that featured within a range of mainstream, middle-class periodicals, incorporating the analysis of emigrant voyage texts, emigration-themed Christmas stories, and serialized novels about settlement. These genres are cohesive, domestic, and reassuring, and thus of a different character from the adventure stories often associated with Victorian empire. The second part of the book brings to light a feminist and radical periodical emigration literature that often drew upon mainstream representations of emigration in order to challenge their dominant formations. It examines emigration texts featured in the Victorian feminist and women’s presses, Chartist anti-emigration literature, utopian emigration narratives, and a corpus of transnational westerns. Alongside its analysis of more ephemeral emigration texts, the book offers fresh readings of important works by Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Thomas Martin Wheeler, and others. It also maps its analysis of settler emigration onto broader debates about Victorian literature and culture, Victorian empire, the global circulation of texts, periodical form, and the role of digitization within Victorian studies.
Margaret Iversen
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226370026
- eISBN:
- 9780226370330
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226370330.001.0001
- Subject:
- Art, Photography
Photography as a medium is often associated with the psychic effects of trauma. The automaticity of the process, the wide open camera lens, and the light sensitivity of film all lend themselves to ...
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Photography as a medium is often associated with the psychic effects of trauma. The automaticity of the process, the wide open camera lens, and the light sensitivity of film all lend themselves to this association. Just as a photograph registers things that to some extent bypass artistic intention and convention, so also the event that precipitates a trauma bypasses consciousness leaving an indexical trace on the psyche. Both involve the chance exposure to something which leaves an indelible impression. This book is an exploration of artists and theorists who have thought of photography as somehow analogous to trauma. It also considers art in other media, especially those sculptural forms, like direct casts, that can readily be understood as presenting or simulating a trace or residue of a traumatic event. Chapters are devoted to indexicality, analogue photography and film, direct casting, rubbing, the graphic trace, and representing the “unrepresentable.” Contesting the rise of digitization, the art under consideration claims some referential weight and meaning but, like trauma, only indirectly, belatedly.Less
Photography as a medium is often associated with the psychic effects of trauma. The automaticity of the process, the wide open camera lens, and the light sensitivity of film all lend themselves to this association. Just as a photograph registers things that to some extent bypass artistic intention and convention, so also the event that precipitates a trauma bypasses consciousness leaving an indexical trace on the psyche. Both involve the chance exposure to something which leaves an indelible impression. This book is an exploration of artists and theorists who have thought of photography as somehow analogous to trauma. It also considers art in other media, especially those sculptural forms, like direct casts, that can readily be understood as presenting or simulating a trace or residue of a traumatic event. Chapters are devoted to indexicality, analogue photography and film, direct casting, rubbing, the graphic trace, and representing the “unrepresentable.” Contesting the rise of digitization, the art under consideration claims some referential weight and meaning but, like trauma, only indirectly, belatedly.
Paul D. Escott
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780813175355
- eISBN:
- 9780813175683
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813175355.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: Civil War
The field of Civil War history seems to have reached an inflection point. There is a great amount of interesting new research that departs from long-established channels and seems to be looking in ...
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The field of Civil War history seems to have reached an inflection point. There is a great amount of interesting new research that departs from long-established channels and seems to be looking in new directions. This volume examines much of the latest work. It covers the sectional crisis, the war itself, and concepts of the Civil War era. Although not a conventional historiography, it offers broad coverage of the field, raises major interpretive questions, and suggests many new issues or questions to research.Less
The field of Civil War history seems to have reached an inflection point. There is a great amount of interesting new research that departs from long-established channels and seems to be looking in new directions. This volume examines much of the latest work. It covers the sectional crisis, the war itself, and concepts of the Civil War era. Although not a conventional historiography, it offers broad coverage of the field, raises major interpretive questions, and suggests many new issues or questions to research.
Tim Rutherford-Johnson
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520283145
- eISBN:
- 9780520959040
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520283145.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
By the start of the 21st century many of the foundations of postwar culture had disappeared: Europe had been rebuilt and, as the EU, had become one of the world’s largest economies; the United ...
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By the start of the 21st century many of the foundations of postwar culture had disappeared: Europe had been rebuilt and, as the EU, had become one of the world’s largest economies; the United States’ claim to global dominance was threatened; and the postwar social democratic consensus was being replaced by market-led neoliberalism. Most importantly of all, the Cold War was over, and the World Wide Web had been born. Music After The Fall considers contemporary musical composition against this changed backdrop, placing it in the context of globalization, digitization, and new media. Drawing on theories from the other arts, in particular art and architecture, it expands the definition of Western art music to include forms of composition, experimental music, sound art, and crossover work from across the spectrum, inside and beyond the concert hall. Each chapter considers a wide range of composers, performers, works, and institutions are considered critically to build up a broad and rich picture of the new music ecosystem, from North American string quartets to Lebanese improvisers, from South American electroacoustic studios to pianos in the Australian outback. A new approach to the study of contemporary music is developed that relies less on taxonomies of style and technique, and more on the comparison of different responses to common themes, among them permission, fluidity, excess, and loss.Less
By the start of the 21st century many of the foundations of postwar culture had disappeared: Europe had been rebuilt and, as the EU, had become one of the world’s largest economies; the United States’ claim to global dominance was threatened; and the postwar social democratic consensus was being replaced by market-led neoliberalism. Most importantly of all, the Cold War was over, and the World Wide Web had been born. Music After The Fall considers contemporary musical composition against this changed backdrop, placing it in the context of globalization, digitization, and new media. Drawing on theories from the other arts, in particular art and architecture, it expands the definition of Western art music to include forms of composition, experimental music, sound art, and crossover work from across the spectrum, inside and beyond the concert hall. Each chapter considers a wide range of composers, performers, works, and institutions are considered critically to build up a broad and rich picture of the new music ecosystem, from North American string quartets to Lebanese improvisers, from South American electroacoustic studios to pianos in the Australian outback. A new approach to the study of contemporary music is developed that relies less on taxonomies of style and technique, and more on the comparison of different responses to common themes, among them permission, fluidity, excess, and loss.
Francis X. Blouin, Jr and William G. Rosenberg
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199740543
- eISBN:
- 9780199894673
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199740543.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Historiography, History of Ideas
The worlds of historians and archivists used to converge around shared understandings of “authoritative” history. This book explores the dramatic changes that have split them apart. Written by an ...
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The worlds of historians and archivists used to converge around shared understandings of “authoritative” history. This book explores the dramatic changes that have split them apart. Written by an archivist and a historian for the general reader as well as specialists, it shows how shared notions of historical authority and the evidentiary power of archival documentation have given way to radically different approaches to processing the past. New historical thinking, new conceptions of archives, changing notions of historical authority, modifications in archival practices, and new information technologies have opened an “archival divide.” This book situates archives as subjects rather than places of study. It explores how active archivists have long shaped historical knowledge through processes of appraisal, description, and access that have become increasingly contingent and problematic. For historians and those interested in history, the book explains the challenges archivists face in managing both traditional and digital documentation. It examines how archives have traditionally acquired and processed materials deemed “archival” and the changes wrought by the explosive growth of documents of all sorts. For archivists and others, it explores the demands of contemporary historical enquiry, including those relating to social memory, identity politics, and changing conceptions of historical “truth,” and their implications for archival research. For all readers this volume raises the worrisome question of what future historical archives might be like if scholars and archivists no longer understand each other, and indeed, whether their now different notions of what is properly archival and historical will ever again be joined.Less
The worlds of historians and archivists used to converge around shared understandings of “authoritative” history. This book explores the dramatic changes that have split them apart. Written by an archivist and a historian for the general reader as well as specialists, it shows how shared notions of historical authority and the evidentiary power of archival documentation have given way to radically different approaches to processing the past. New historical thinking, new conceptions of archives, changing notions of historical authority, modifications in archival practices, and new information technologies have opened an “archival divide.” This book situates archives as subjects rather than places of study. It explores how active archivists have long shaped historical knowledge through processes of appraisal, description, and access that have become increasingly contingent and problematic. For historians and those interested in history, the book explains the challenges archivists face in managing both traditional and digital documentation. It examines how archives have traditionally acquired and processed materials deemed “archival” and the changes wrought by the explosive growth of documents of all sorts. For archivists and others, it explores the demands of contemporary historical enquiry, including those relating to social memory, identity politics, and changing conceptions of historical “truth,” and their implications for archival research. For all readers this volume raises the worrisome question of what future historical archives might be like if scholars and archivists no longer understand each other, and indeed, whether their now different notions of what is properly archival and historical will ever again be joined.
Peter Bosma
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231174596
- eISBN:
- 9780231850827
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231174596.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This book explores artistic choices in cinema exhibition, focusing on film theatres, film festivals and film archives and situating film-curating issues within an international context. It describes ...
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This book explores artistic choices in cinema exhibition, focusing on film theatres, film festivals and film archives and situating film-curating issues within an international context. It describes how artistic and commercial film availability has increased overwhelmingly as a result of the digitization of the infrastructure of distribution and exhibition. It argues that the film trade's conventional structures are transforming and that, in the digital age, supply and demand can meet without the intervention of traditional gatekeepers; in other words, everybody can be a film curator, in a passive or active way. The book addresses three kinds of readers: those who want to become film curators, those who want to research the film-curating phenomenon, and those critical cinema visitors who seek to investigate the story behind the selection process of available films and the ways that are available to present them.Less
This book explores artistic choices in cinema exhibition, focusing on film theatres, film festivals and film archives and situating film-curating issues within an international context. It describes how artistic and commercial film availability has increased overwhelmingly as a result of the digitization of the infrastructure of distribution and exhibition. It argues that the film trade's conventional structures are transforming and that, in the digital age, supply and demand can meet without the intervention of traditional gatekeepers; in other words, everybody can be a film curator, in a passive or active way. The book addresses three kinds of readers: those who want to become film curators, those who want to research the film-curating phenomenon, and those critical cinema visitors who seek to investigate the story behind the selection process of available films and the ways that are available to present them.
Francis X. Blouin Jr. and William G. Rosenberg
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199740543
- eISBN:
- 9780199894673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199740543.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, Historiography, History of Ideas
This chapter takes up the discussion begun in Chapter 3 about digitization and explores in a comprehensive way the changes information technology are bringing to the various issues and processes ...
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This chapter takes up the discussion begun in Chapter 3 about digitization and explores in a comprehensive way the changes information technology are bringing to the various issues and processes discussed throughout the book. The imagined possibilities of this world where now nearly all records are born digital, some of which contain real perils for preservation in the historical sense of the term. The chapter explores how the cyberinfrastructure creates challenges for historians and the archives both in terms of the authority of their work and reviews the responses to these challenges from the archival community. It expresses concern about the impact the digital revolution has already had on artifacts and scholarship. It also questions the very nature of archival institutions as physical structures when historical research passes over a “threshold of adequacy” when nearly all questions can be resolved by digital sources.Less
This chapter takes up the discussion begun in Chapter 3 about digitization and explores in a comprehensive way the changes information technology are bringing to the various issues and processes discussed throughout the book. The imagined possibilities of this world where now nearly all records are born digital, some of which contain real perils for preservation in the historical sense of the term. The chapter explores how the cyberinfrastructure creates challenges for historians and the archives both in terms of the authority of their work and reviews the responses to these challenges from the archival community. It expresses concern about the impact the digital revolution has already had on artifacts and scholarship. It also questions the very nature of archival institutions as physical structures when historical research passes over a “threshold of adequacy” when nearly all questions can be resolved by digital sources.
Francis X. Blouin Jr. and William G. Rosenberg
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199740543
- eISBN:
- 9780199894673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199740543.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, Historiography, History of Ideas
In a short, final chapter the authors raise the question of whether archives and history—archivists and historians—can reconnect in our digitalized “post-custodial” age, and why being better informed ...
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In a short, final chapter the authors raise the question of whether archives and history—archivists and historians—can reconnect in our digitalized “post-custodial” age, and why being better informed about both scholarly and archival practices might be the best (and only) way to bridge the new archival divide.Less
In a short, final chapter the authors raise the question of whether archives and history—archivists and historians—can reconnect in our digitalized “post-custodial” age, and why being better informed about both scholarly and archival practices might be the best (and only) way to bridge the new archival divide.
Francis X. Blouin Jr. and William G. Rosenberg
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199740543
- eISBN:
- 9780199894673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199740543.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Historiography, History of Ideas
The introductory chapter reviews the origins of this study and introduces the problems it raises in subsequent chapters. It emphasizes how these problems relate to the changing points of connection ...
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The introductory chapter reviews the origins of this study and introduces the problems it raises in subsequent chapters. It emphasizes how these problems relate to the changing points of connection between archives and the writing of history, as well as relations between historians and archivists. The chapter also defines what is meant by “an archive” and “the archives,” and discusses how these and other relevant notions like “authority” are often differently understood in the archival and historical communities. It foreshadows later discussions about the explosion of both traditional and electronic documentation as they have affected both historical and archival practices, and introduces the notion of an “archival divide.”Less
The introductory chapter reviews the origins of this study and introduces the problems it raises in subsequent chapters. It emphasizes how these problems relate to the changing points of connection between archives and the writing of history, as well as relations between historians and archivists. The chapter also defines what is meant by “an archive” and “the archives,” and discusses how these and other relevant notions like “authority” are often differently understood in the archival and historical communities. It foreshadows later discussions about the explosion of both traditional and electronic documentation as they have affected both historical and archival practices, and introduces the notion of an “archival divide.”
Kay Prag
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780197266427
- eISBN:
- 9780191884252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197266427.003.0002
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
This chapter describes the scale of the project in Jerusalem and the size of the archive created during the seven seasons of excavation which occupied two years in total, with a large staff. The ...
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This chapter describes the scale of the project in Jerusalem and the size of the archive created during the seven seasons of excavation which occupied two years in total, with a large staff. The considerations which formed the basis of the archive’s composition, the degree of contemporary subjectivity involved in the process, and the current state of the archive are outlined. It consists of both paper and photographic records, as well as a major study collection of fragmentary pottery, animal bones, coins and diverse materials. Much of the work of publication was based in Toronto and Leiden, and relevant sections of the archive were copied or located there. The major registered finds were retained in Jordan and Israel, the rest distributed widely to supporting institutions. Original card indexes have been replaced by digitisation of the archive. There are some supporting files, metadata relating to the financing and staff. Issues relating to the preservation of archaeological archives and their importance are considered.Less
This chapter describes the scale of the project in Jerusalem and the size of the archive created during the seven seasons of excavation which occupied two years in total, with a large staff. The considerations which formed the basis of the archive’s composition, the degree of contemporary subjectivity involved in the process, and the current state of the archive are outlined. It consists of both paper and photographic records, as well as a major study collection of fragmentary pottery, animal bones, coins and diverse materials. Much of the work of publication was based in Toronto and Leiden, and relevant sections of the archive were copied or located there. The major registered finds were retained in Jordan and Israel, the rest distributed widely to supporting institutions. Original card indexes have been replaced by digitisation of the archive. There are some supporting files, metadata relating to the financing and staff. Issues relating to the preservation of archaeological archives and their importance are considered.
Mary Farquhar
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622090866
- eISBN:
- 9789882206724
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622090866.003.0006
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter presents a new way of looking at landscapes in twenty-first-century martial arts blockbusters, primarily through a discussion of landscapes in Zhang Yimou's Hero. It argues that martial ...
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This chapter presents a new way of looking at landscapes in twenty-first-century martial arts blockbusters, primarily through a discussion of landscapes in Zhang Yimou's Hero. It argues that martial arts landscapes are both art and artifice, visualized by the filmmakers and realized through film technologies, which include digitization. It details the conceptual framework for analyzing cinematic landscapes. The concept at the core of this framework is the “idea-image,” a centuries-old Chinese way of conceiving, creating, and responding to landscape in traditional Chinese painting. This concept of the idea-image is then applied to Hero's landscapes. It discusses, in turn, the concept of tianxia (“all [land] under heaven”) at the heart of the film, the use of color to both structure the film and convey a mood, and the film's transformation of locations into landscapes through digitization.Less
This chapter presents a new way of looking at landscapes in twenty-first-century martial arts blockbusters, primarily through a discussion of landscapes in Zhang Yimou's Hero. It argues that martial arts landscapes are both art and artifice, visualized by the filmmakers and realized through film technologies, which include digitization. It details the conceptual framework for analyzing cinematic landscapes. The concept at the core of this framework is the “idea-image,” a centuries-old Chinese way of conceiving, creating, and responding to landscape in traditional Chinese painting. This concept of the idea-image is then applied to Hero's landscapes. It discusses, in turn, the concept of tianxia (“all [land] under heaven”) at the heart of the film, the use of color to both structure the film and convey a mood, and the film's transformation of locations into landscapes through digitization.
John Sorabji
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- June 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198850410
- eISBN:
- 9780191885433
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198850410.003.0008
- Subject:
- Law, Private International Law
Compliance with case management orders has been a hidden problem undermining the effective operation of the Civil Procedure Rules. The focus of academic critique has, however, been on the adverse ...
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Compliance with case management orders has been a hidden problem undermining the effective operation of the Civil Procedure Rules. The focus of academic critique has, however, been on the adverse consequences to their effective operation of non-compliance with such orders. This chapter considers this unexamined problem of case management: the compliance problem. It first examines the nature of the compliance problem, placing it within the context of the wider and substantially explored problem of non-compliance; the latter having formed a major limb of Zuckerman’s critique of English civil procedure. It then explores how current and potential future reforms to the English civil justice system arising from HMCTS reform programme, the Civil Courts Structure review, digitization and the potential use of artificial intelligence (AI) could overcome this unexplored problem.Less
Compliance with case management orders has been a hidden problem undermining the effective operation of the Civil Procedure Rules. The focus of academic critique has, however, been on the adverse consequences to their effective operation of non-compliance with such orders. This chapter considers this unexamined problem of case management: the compliance problem. It first examines the nature of the compliance problem, placing it within the context of the wider and substantially explored problem of non-compliance; the latter having formed a major limb of Zuckerman’s critique of English civil procedure. It then explores how current and potential future reforms to the English civil justice system arising from HMCTS reform programme, the Civil Courts Structure review, digitization and the potential use of artificial intelligence (AI) could overcome this unexplored problem.
Alan G. Gross and Joseph E. Harmon
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780190465926
- eISBN:
- 9780197559635
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190465926.003.0012
- Subject:
- Education, Educational Equipment and Technology
The Internet presents an opportunity for the sciences and humanities to transform the generation, communication, and evaluation of new knowledge. Indeed, the elite ...
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The Internet presents an opportunity for the sciences and humanities to transform the generation, communication, and evaluation of new knowledge. Indeed, the elite scientific journals are already reinventing the traditional research article via the Internet. Its methods are being communicated by a combination of video demonstration and verbal description, its gist, not only by verbal, but by visual abstracts, video abstracts, summaries for the general reader, and podcasts. Its contents take advantage of the computer screen; its results are communicated by multicomponent computer-generated images in color, videos of events in the laboratory or simulations of the natural world, graphs that automatically turn into tables and vice versa, maps displayed so that the viewer can zoom in and out, and 3D interactive images. Links are sending readers to a wealth of supplementary material: data, images, related readings. Community response to articles is being captured in new ways. Innovative processes for the evaluation of proposed new knowledge, before and after publication, are being developed and adopted. Upon publication and even before, articles and the data in them are becoming part of virtual archives that give new meaning to “body of knowledge.” See Video 7.1 [ ]. Researchers are inviting commentary from the professional community as their data are generated; they are posting data and images online that others are free to use—with appropriate attribution, of course. Enthusiastic amateurs or the simply curious in large numbers are once again able to actively participate in scientific research projects. For the humanities, the Internet is no less promising. Film scholars are interposing film clips in their critique of classic films. Historians are including videos of historical events or computerized recreations, as well as reproductions of key documents of historical interest such as court testimony and reproductions of handwritten letters. Art and architectural historians are displaying interactive 3D reconstructions of sculptures and buildings and historical sites.
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The Internet presents an opportunity for the sciences and humanities to transform the generation, communication, and evaluation of new knowledge. Indeed, the elite scientific journals are already reinventing the traditional research article via the Internet. Its methods are being communicated by a combination of video demonstration and verbal description, its gist, not only by verbal, but by visual abstracts, video abstracts, summaries for the general reader, and podcasts. Its contents take advantage of the computer screen; its results are communicated by multicomponent computer-generated images in color, videos of events in the laboratory or simulations of the natural world, graphs that automatically turn into tables and vice versa, maps displayed so that the viewer can zoom in and out, and 3D interactive images. Links are sending readers to a wealth of supplementary material: data, images, related readings. Community response to articles is being captured in new ways. Innovative processes for the evaluation of proposed new knowledge, before and after publication, are being developed and adopted. Upon publication and even before, articles and the data in them are becoming part of virtual archives that give new meaning to “body of knowledge.” See Video 7.1 [ ]. Researchers are inviting commentary from the professional community as their data are generated; they are posting data and images online that others are free to use—with appropriate attribution, of course. Enthusiastic amateurs or the simply curious in large numbers are once again able to actively participate in scientific research projects. For the humanities, the Internet is no less promising. Film scholars are interposing film clips in their critique of classic films. Historians are including videos of historical events or computerized recreations, as well as reproductions of key documents of historical interest such as court testimony and reproductions of handwritten letters. Art and architectural historians are displaying interactive 3D reconstructions of sculptures and buildings and historical sites.
Elizabeth A. Wissinger
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814794180
- eISBN:
- 9780814794197
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814794180.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
In this chapter, I explore the significance of increasingly stringent and exigent dieting, exercise, and surgery advice from the 1970s onward, highlighting how self-altering practices were cast as a ...
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In this chapter, I explore the significance of increasingly stringent and exigent dieting, exercise, and surgery advice from the 1970s onward, highlighting how self-altering practices were cast as a means to become an acceptable member of society. It explores how the model became the ideal for the whole population. Simultaneously, however, the body’s vitality and mutability also came to be favored, as a biopolitics of beauty emerged, organizing and regulating publics at the level of population, as a standing reserve, always already in need of enhancement and optimization, ready for a close-up, in need of that makeover. In tandem with these developments, modeling work took on characteristics that prompted some of my respondents to refer to it as “the life,” a state of working that felt to many like having to be “on” all the time. In the transition from day job to total lifestyle, playing the role of being a model—sashaying about in crinolines, carrying a hatbox containing waist cinchers and war paints (the badge of the model’s trade), while ducking into movie theaters to make oneself scarce between calls—gave way to the casual street chic, “I only dress up on the runway” attitude of today, where models live the part, hiding the effort required to make looking glamourous seem easy and like something everyone should do.Less
In this chapter, I explore the significance of increasingly stringent and exigent dieting, exercise, and surgery advice from the 1970s onward, highlighting how self-altering practices were cast as a means to become an acceptable member of society. It explores how the model became the ideal for the whole population. Simultaneously, however, the body’s vitality and mutability also came to be favored, as a biopolitics of beauty emerged, organizing and regulating publics at the level of population, as a standing reserve, always already in need of enhancement and optimization, ready for a close-up, in need of that makeover. In tandem with these developments, modeling work took on characteristics that prompted some of my respondents to refer to it as “the life,” a state of working that felt to many like having to be “on” all the time. In the transition from day job to total lifestyle, playing the role of being a model—sashaying about in crinolines, carrying a hatbox containing waist cinchers and war paints (the badge of the model’s trade), while ducking into movie theaters to make oneself scarce between calls—gave way to the casual street chic, “I only dress up on the runway” attitude of today, where models live the part, hiding the effort required to make looking glamourous seem easy and like something everyone should do.
Jamie Sexton
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748625338
- eISBN:
- 9780748671038
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748625338.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This book allows writers to interrogate specific instances where sound and/or music are integrated into broader media systems instead of trying to arise with a strong definition of the word. It also ...
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This book allows writers to interrogate specific instances where sound and/or music are integrated into broader media systems instead of trying to arise with a strong definition of the word. It also describes a few issues linked to the ways in which mediated sound, and its relation to other media have been influenced by the increasing digitisation of the mediasphere. The first section of this book concentrates upon fandom and music videos. The second section deals with the role of music (and other sounds) within video games. The performance and presentation within musical multimedia constitutes the third section. The last section investigates the area of production and consumption, particularly in relation to a new range of musical multimedia that has grown in tandem with the growth in digital technologies. An overview of the chapters included in this book is also provided.Less
This book allows writers to interrogate specific instances where sound and/or music are integrated into broader media systems instead of trying to arise with a strong definition of the word. It also describes a few issues linked to the ways in which mediated sound, and its relation to other media have been influenced by the increasing digitisation of the mediasphere. The first section of this book concentrates upon fandom and music videos. The second section deals with the role of music (and other sounds) within video games. The performance and presentation within musical multimedia constitutes the third section. The last section investigates the area of production and consumption, particularly in relation to a new range of musical multimedia that has grown in tandem with the growth in digital technologies. An overview of the chapters included in this book is also provided.
David C. Parker
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199657810
- eISBN:
- 9780191744860
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199657810.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies, History of Christianity
This chapter discusses the way in which textual scholarship and editions are changing in the digital age. It discussed the tools which are now being made, including databases and online editions. It ...
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This chapter discusses the way in which textual scholarship and editions are changing in the digital age. It discussed the tools which are now being made, including databases and online editions. It then moves on to mass digitization, discussing institutional collections and logical collections, and the Virtual Manuscript Room. The impact of mass digitization on research is explored, in particular with regard to electronic transcriptions. Several examples are taken. First the Codex Sinaiticus Project is described, along with its impact. Then the website NT Transcripts. Further possibilities, including the baseless collation, and developing interaction between different kinds of metadata to produce an enriched edition, are discussed. The features of a possible future edition are described, and then the main themes of the book are reiterated and some general conclusions drawn.Less
This chapter discusses the way in which textual scholarship and editions are changing in the digital age. It discussed the tools which are now being made, including databases and online editions. It then moves on to mass digitization, discussing institutional collections and logical collections, and the Virtual Manuscript Room. The impact of mass digitization on research is explored, in particular with regard to electronic transcriptions. Several examples are taken. First the Codex Sinaiticus Project is described, along with its impact. Then the website NT Transcripts. Further possibilities, including the baseless collation, and developing interaction between different kinds of metadata to produce an enriched edition, are discussed. The features of a possible future edition are described, and then the main themes of the book are reiterated and some general conclusions drawn.
