Neil Weinstock Netanel
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195137620
- eISBN:
- 9780199871629
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195137620.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Copyright is at once an engine of free expression and impediment to free expression. Copyright law underwrites much literature, journalism, music, art, and film. Yet copyright often stands in the way ...
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Copyright is at once an engine of free expression and impediment to free expression. Copyright law underwrites much literature, journalism, music, art, and film. Yet copyright often stands in the way of speech that would build upon existing expression to convey new messages and artistic perspectives.In a seminal 1970 article, Melville Nimmer, the leading copyright and First Amendment scholar of his day, aptly termed the copyright‐free speech conflict a “largely ignored paradox.” Yet today that conflict has come virulently to the fore, and copyright is increasingly chastised as a tool of private censorship.Why has that happened? What values and practices does the copyright‐free speech conflict put at stake? How should the conflict be resolved?These are the principal questions this book seeks to answer. This book explores the copyright‐free speech conflict as it cuts across traditional and digital media alike. In so doing, it juxtaposes the dramatic expansion of copyright holders' proprietary control against individuals' newly found ability to digitally cut, paste, edit, remix, and distribute popular sound recordings, movies, TV programs, graphics, and texts the world over. It tests whether, in light of these developments and others, copyright still serves as a vital engine of free expression and assesses how copyright does—and does not—burden speech. Taking First Amendment values as its lodestar, the book argues that copyright should be delimited by how it can best promote robust debate and expressive diversity, and it presents a blueprint for how that can be accomplished.Less
Copyright is at once an engine of free expression and impediment to free expression. Copyright law underwrites much literature, journalism, music, art, and film. Yet copyright often stands in the way of speech that would build upon existing expression to convey new messages and artistic perspectives.
In a seminal 1970 article, Melville Nimmer, the leading copyright and First Amendment scholar of his day, aptly termed the copyright‐free speech conflict a “largely ignored paradox.” Yet today that conflict has come virulently to the fore, and copyright is increasingly chastised as a tool of private censorship.
Why has that happened? What values and practices does the copyright‐free speech conflict put at stake? How should the conflict be resolved?
These are the principal questions this book seeks to answer. This book explores the copyright‐free speech conflict as it cuts across traditional and digital media alike. In so doing, it juxtaposes the dramatic expansion of copyright holders' proprietary control against individuals' newly found ability to digitally cut, paste, edit, remix, and distribute popular sound recordings, movies, TV programs, graphics, and texts the world over. It tests whether, in light of these developments and others, copyright still serves as a vital engine of free expression and assesses how copyright does—and does not—burden speech. Taking First Amendment values as its lodestar, the book argues that copyright should be delimited by how it can best promote robust debate and expressive diversity, and it presents a blueprint for how that can be accomplished.
D. N. Rodowick
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226513058
- eISBN:
- 9780226513225
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226513225.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter examines recent work by Victor Burgin as a questioning or interrogation of the concept of medium in artworks that hold perception in an interstitial space between stillness and movement, ...
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This chapter examines recent work by Victor Burgin as a questioning or interrogation of the concept of medium in artworks that hold perception in an interstitial space between stillness and movement, image and text. The principle question is: what is a virtual Image? The analysis begins by reviewing Rosalind Krauss’s canonic essay, “Sculpture in the Expanded Field,” and George Baker’s more recent account of transformations of photographic media in his essay, “Photography’s Expanded Field.” The chapter continues in examining the variety of ways in Burgin’s artwork challenges normative concepts of the visual not by rebalancing the relation of image to text, but rather in investigating the relation between sense and Image. The argument begins with an analysis of Burgin’s earlier conceptual works like Photopath, and continues with close analyses of more recent moving image installations like Hôtel Berlin, Listen to Britain, and A Place to Read. In these works, what Burgin calls the remembered film acts as a force of memory where the experience of the work does not lie in any one formal element—whether textual, acoustical, photographic, videographic, or 3D computer modeling—but rather hovers between them in mobile acts of perception and memory.Less
This chapter examines recent work by Victor Burgin as a questioning or interrogation of the concept of medium in artworks that hold perception in an interstitial space between stillness and movement, image and text. The principle question is: what is a virtual Image? The analysis begins by reviewing Rosalind Krauss’s canonic essay, “Sculpture in the Expanded Field,” and George Baker’s more recent account of transformations of photographic media in his essay, “Photography’s Expanded Field.” The chapter continues in examining the variety of ways in Burgin’s artwork challenges normative concepts of the visual not by rebalancing the relation of image to text, but rather in investigating the relation between sense and Image. The argument begins with an analysis of Burgin’s earlier conceptual works like Photopath, and continues with close analyses of more recent moving image installations like Hôtel Berlin, Listen to Britain, and A Place to Read. In these works, what Burgin calls the remembered film acts as a force of memory where the experience of the work does not lie in any one formal element—whether textual, acoustical, photographic, videographic, or 3D computer modeling—but rather hovers between them in mobile acts of perception and memory.
D. N. Rodowick
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226513058
- eISBN:
- 9780226513225
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226513225.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter discusses the complex and varied fascination of contemporary art with the history of theatrical cinema, or what the author calls the memory of cinema. The memory of cinema in current ...
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This chapter discusses the complex and varied fascination of contemporary art with the history of theatrical cinema, or what the author calls the memory of cinema. The memory of cinema in current moving image and installation art is producing a new kind of time-image (Deleuze) whose challenge to previous conceptions of medium produces a “naming crisis” in what counts as still or moving images. Here the memory of cinema, and the disappearance of a certain experience of cinema, demand from viewers a new imagination of what movement, time, and history might mean. The author also offers new definitions of the virtual and the virtual image. Examples of the memory of cinema in contemporary art are offered through close analysis of two exemplary works. Christoph Girardet and Mattias Müller’s Meteor (2011) is read through Walter Benjamin’s concept of the Schriftbild and non-sensuous similarity. Ken Jacobs’s Capitalism: Child Labor (2006) is read as an example of paracinema whose reflexive examination of history, time, and the archive produces a new kind of critical time-image.Less
This chapter discusses the complex and varied fascination of contemporary art with the history of theatrical cinema, or what the author calls the memory of cinema. The memory of cinema in current moving image and installation art is producing a new kind of time-image (Deleuze) whose challenge to previous conceptions of medium produces a “naming crisis” in what counts as still or moving images. Here the memory of cinema, and the disappearance of a certain experience of cinema, demand from viewers a new imagination of what movement, time, and history might mean. The author also offers new definitions of the virtual and the virtual image. Examples of the memory of cinema in contemporary art are offered through close analysis of two exemplary works. Christoph Girardet and Mattias Müller’s Meteor (2011) is read through Walter Benjamin’s concept of the Schriftbild and non-sensuous similarity. Ken Jacobs’s Capitalism: Child Labor (2006) is read as an example of paracinema whose reflexive examination of history, time, and the archive produces a new kind of critical time-image.
James W. Cortada
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195165876
- eISBN:
- 9780199789689
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165876.003.0012
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
This chapter describes the use of information technologies in two entertainment industries: video games and photography. It describes how the technology is used in the work of these industries ...
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This chapter describes the use of information technologies in two entertainment industries: video games and photography. It describes how the technology is used in the work of these industries (applications), development, and manufacture of its products, and in the digital goods sold to the public. These are characterized as part of the New Economy.Less
This chapter describes the use of information technologies in two entertainment industries: video games and photography. It describes how the technology is used in the work of these industries (applications), development, and manufacture of its products, and in the digital goods sold to the public. These are characterized as part of the New Economy.
James W. Cortada
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195165876
- eISBN:
- 9780199789689
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165876.003.0007
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
This chapter describes the application of information technology in the daily work of the telecommunications industry, beginning with the introduction of digital technologies, moving on to a review ...
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This chapter describes the application of information technology in the daily work of the telecommunications industry, beginning with the introduction of digital technologies, moving on to a review of business applications, and then to services that have been highly digitized and automated. The role of the Internet and wireless communications is discussed.Less
This chapter describes the application of information technology in the daily work of the telecommunications industry, beginning with the introduction of digital technologies, moving on to a review of business applications, and then to services that have been highly digitized and automated. The role of the Internet and wireless communications is discussed.
Melissa Terras
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199204557
- eISBN:
- 9780191708121
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199204557.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, British and Irish History: BCE to 500CE
The ink and stylus tablets discovered at the Roman fort of Vindolanda are a unique resource for scholars of ancient history. However, the stylus tablets in particular are extremely difficult to read. ...
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The ink and stylus tablets discovered at the Roman fort of Vindolanda are a unique resource for scholars of ancient history. However, the stylus tablets in particular are extremely difficult to read. This book details the development of what appears to be the first system constructed to aid experts in the process of reading an ancient document, exploring the extent to which techniques from artificial intelligence can be used to develop a system that could aid historians in reading the stylus texts. Using knowledge elicitation techniques (borrowed from artificial intelligence and engineering science), a model is proposed for how experts construct a reading of a text. A prototype system is presented that can read in image data and produce realistic and plausible textual interpretations of the writing that appears on the documents. Incorporating knowledge elicited from experts working on the texts, and utilizing image processing techniques developed in engineering science to analyze the stylus tablets, the book includes a corpora of letter forms generated from the Vindolanda text corpus, and a detailed description of the architecture of the system. This research presents the first stages towards developing a cognitive visual system that can propagate realistic interpretations from image data.Less
The ink and stylus tablets discovered at the Roman fort of Vindolanda are a unique resource for scholars of ancient history. However, the stylus tablets in particular are extremely difficult to read. This book details the development of what appears to be the first system constructed to aid experts in the process of reading an ancient document, exploring the extent to which techniques from artificial intelligence can be used to develop a system that could aid historians in reading the stylus texts. Using knowledge elicitation techniques (borrowed from artificial intelligence and engineering science), a model is proposed for how experts construct a reading of a text. A prototype system is presented that can read in image data and produce realistic and plausible textual interpretations of the writing that appears on the documents. Incorporating knowledge elicited from experts working on the texts, and utilizing image processing techniques developed in engineering science to analyze the stylus tablets, the book includes a corpora of letter forms generated from the Vindolanda text corpus, and a detailed description of the architecture of the system. This research presents the first stages towards developing a cognitive visual system that can propagate realistic interpretations from image data.
Sarah Florini
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781479892464
- eISBN:
- 9781479807185
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479892464.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
In a culture dominated by discourses of “colorblindness” but still rife with structural racism, digital and social media have become a resource for Black Americans navigating a society that ...
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In a culture dominated by discourses of “colorblindness” but still rife with structural racism, digital and social media have become a resource for Black Americans navigating a society that simultaneously perpetuates and obscures racial inequality. Though the Ferguson protests made such Black digital networks more broadly visible, these networks did not coalesce in that moment. They were built over the course of years through much less spectacular, though no less important, everyday use, including mundane social exchanges, humor, and fandom. This book explores these everyday practices and their relationship to larger social issues through an in-depth analysis of a network of Black American digital media users and content creators. These digital networks are used not only to cope with and challenge day-to-day experiences of racism, but also as an incubator for the discourses that have since exploded onto the national stage. This book tells the story of an influential subsection of these Black digital networks, including many Black amateur podcasts, the independent media company This Week in Blackness (TWiB!), and the network of Twitter users that has come to be known as “Black Twitter.” Grounded in her active participation in this network and close ethnographic collaboration with TWiB!, Sarah Florini argues that the multimedia, transplatform nature of this network makes it a flexible resource that can then be deployed for a variety of purposes—culturally inflected fan practices, community building, cultural critique, and citizen journalism. Florini argues that these digital media practices are an extension of historic traditions of Black cultural production and resistance.Less
In a culture dominated by discourses of “colorblindness” but still rife with structural racism, digital and social media have become a resource for Black Americans navigating a society that simultaneously perpetuates and obscures racial inequality. Though the Ferguson protests made such Black digital networks more broadly visible, these networks did not coalesce in that moment. They were built over the course of years through much less spectacular, though no less important, everyday use, including mundane social exchanges, humor, and fandom. This book explores these everyday practices and their relationship to larger social issues through an in-depth analysis of a network of Black American digital media users and content creators. These digital networks are used not only to cope with and challenge day-to-day experiences of racism, but also as an incubator for the discourses that have since exploded onto the national stage. This book tells the story of an influential subsection of these Black digital networks, including many Black amateur podcasts, the independent media company This Week in Blackness (TWiB!), and the network of Twitter users that has come to be known as “Black Twitter.” Grounded in her active participation in this network and close ethnographic collaboration with TWiB!, Sarah Florini argues that the multimedia, transplatform nature of this network makes it a flexible resource that can then be deployed for a variety of purposes—culturally inflected fan practices, community building, cultural critique, and citizen journalism. Florini argues that these digital media practices are an extension of historic traditions of Black cultural production and resistance.
Helmuth Spieler
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198527848
- eISBN:
- 9780191713248
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198527848.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, Particle Physics / Astrophysics / Cosmology
Semiconductor sensors patterned at the micron scale combined with custom-designed integrated circuits have revolutionized semiconductor radiation detector systems. Designs covering many square meters ...
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Semiconductor sensors patterned at the micron scale combined with custom-designed integrated circuits have revolutionized semiconductor radiation detector systems. Designs covering many square meters with millions of signal channels are now commonplace in high-energy physics and the technology is finding its way into many other fields, ranging from astrophysics to experiments at synchrotron light sources and medical imaging. This book presents a discussion of the many facets of highly integrated semiconductor detector systems, covering sensors, signal processing, transistors, circuits, low-noise electronics, and radiation effects. To lay a basis for the more detailed discussions in the book and aid in understanding how these different elements combine to form functional detector systems, the text includes introductions to semiconductor physics, diodes, detectors, signal formation, transistors, amplifier circuits, electronic noise mechanisms, and signal processing. A chapter on digital electronics includes key elements of analog-to-digital converters and an introduction to digital signal processing. The physics of radiation damage in semiconductor devices is discussed and applied to detectors and electronics. The diversity of design approaches is illustrated in a chapter describing systems in high-energy physics, astronomy, and astrophysics. Finally, a chapter ‘Why things don't work’, discusses common pitfalls, covering interference mechanisms such as power supply noise, microphonics, and shared current paths (‘ground loops’), together with mitigation techniques for pickup noise reduction, both at the circuit and system level. Beginning at a basic level, the book provides a unique introduction to a key area of modern science.Less
Semiconductor sensors patterned at the micron scale combined with custom-designed integrated circuits have revolutionized semiconductor radiation detector systems. Designs covering many square meters with millions of signal channels are now commonplace in high-energy physics and the technology is finding its way into many other fields, ranging from astrophysics to experiments at synchrotron light sources and medical imaging. This book presents a discussion of the many facets of highly integrated semiconductor detector systems, covering sensors, signal processing, transistors, circuits, low-noise electronics, and radiation effects. To lay a basis for the more detailed discussions in the book and aid in understanding how these different elements combine to form functional detector systems, the text includes introductions to semiconductor physics, diodes, detectors, signal formation, transistors, amplifier circuits, electronic noise mechanisms, and signal processing. A chapter on digital electronics includes key elements of analog-to-digital converters and an introduction to digital signal processing. The physics of radiation damage in semiconductor devices is discussed and applied to detectors and electronics. The diversity of design approaches is illustrated in a chapter describing systems in high-energy physics, astronomy, and astrophysics. Finally, a chapter ‘Why things don't work’, discusses common pitfalls, covering interference mechanisms such as power supply noise, microphonics, and shared current paths (‘ground loops’), together with mitigation techniques for pickup noise reduction, both at the circuit and system level. Beginning at a basic level, the book provides a unique introduction to a key area of modern science.
Lynn Schofield Clark
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199899616
- eISBN:
- 9780199980161
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199899616.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
How are families responding to the challenges of parenting young people in the digital age? This book draws on in-depth interviews with families from a range of socioeconomic backgrounds in order to ...
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How are families responding to the challenges of parenting young people in the digital age? This book draws on in-depth interviews with families from a range of socioeconomic backgrounds in order to trace the difference that social class makes in how families are making decisions about digital and mobile media use. This book finds that upper income families employ an ethic of expressive empowerment, in which parents encourage their children to use these media in relation to education and self-development and to avoid use that might distract them from goals of achievement. Lower income families, in contrast, embrace an ethic of respectful connectedness, in which family members are encouraged to use digital and mobile media in ways that are respectful, compliant toward parents, and family focused. Each approach has its own benefits and drawbacks, as upper income families are increasingly tempted to employ communication technologies in helicopter and surveillance parenting, and lower income families may use technologies in ways that strengthen interfamilial and neighborhood bonds while inadvertently reinforcing social isolation from other groups. The book challenges the hope that digital and mobile media might assist in bridging cultural and economic divides. It concludes that as U.S. families experience lives that are increasingly isolated from those whose economic circumstances differ from their own, the different roles that digital and mobile media are playing in family lives are reinforcing rather than alleviating what continues to be a troubling economic and social gap in U.S. society.Less
How are families responding to the challenges of parenting young people in the digital age? This book draws on in-depth interviews with families from a range of socioeconomic backgrounds in order to trace the difference that social class makes in how families are making decisions about digital and mobile media use. This book finds that upper income families employ an ethic of expressive empowerment, in which parents encourage their children to use these media in relation to education and self-development and to avoid use that might distract them from goals of achievement. Lower income families, in contrast, embrace an ethic of respectful connectedness, in which family members are encouraged to use digital and mobile media in ways that are respectful, compliant toward parents, and family focused. Each approach has its own benefits and drawbacks, as upper income families are increasingly tempted to employ communication technologies in helicopter and surveillance parenting, and lower income families may use technologies in ways that strengthen interfamilial and neighborhood bonds while inadvertently reinforcing social isolation from other groups. The book challenges the hope that digital and mobile media might assist in bridging cultural and economic divides. It concludes that as U.S. families experience lives that are increasingly isolated from those whose economic circumstances differ from their own, the different roles that digital and mobile media are playing in family lives are reinforcing rather than alleviating what continues to be a troubling economic and social gap in U.S. society.
Kiri Miller
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753451
- eISBN:
- 9780199932979
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753451.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, American, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This book is about play, performance, and participatory culture in the digital age. It shows how music, video games, and social media are bridging virtual and visceral experience, creating dispersed ...
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This book is about play, performance, and participatory culture in the digital age. It shows how music, video games, and social media are bridging virtual and visceral experience, creating dispersed communities who forge meaningful connections by “playing along” with popular culture. Miller reveals how digital media are brought to bear in the transmission of embodied knowledge: how a Grand Theft Auto player uses a virtual radio to hear with her avatar’s ears; how a Guitar Hero player channels the experience of a live rock performer; and how an amateur guitar student translates a two-dimensional, pre-recorded online music lesson into three-dimensional physical practice and an intimate relationship with a distant teacher. Through ethnographic case studies, Miller demonstrates that our everyday experiences with interactive digital media are gradually transforming our understanding of musicality, creativity, play, and participation.Less
This book is about play, performance, and participatory culture in the digital age. It shows how music, video games, and social media are bridging virtual and visceral experience, creating dispersed communities who forge meaningful connections by “playing along” with popular culture. Miller reveals how digital media are brought to bear in the transmission of embodied knowledge: how a Grand Theft Auto player uses a virtual radio to hear with her avatar’s ears; how a Guitar Hero player channels the experience of a live rock performer; and how an amateur guitar student translates a two-dimensional, pre-recorded online music lesson into three-dimensional physical practice and an intimate relationship with a distant teacher. Through ethnographic case studies, Miller demonstrates that our everyday experiences with interactive digital media are gradually transforming our understanding of musicality, creativity, play, and participation.
James W. Cortada
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195165876
- eISBN:
- 9780199789689
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165876.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
This chapter describes the spread of both digital and telecommunications applications across the banking industry during the past half century. It also includes a history of Internet banking and an ...
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This chapter describes the spread of both digital and telecommunications applications across the banking industry during the past half century. It also includes a history of Internet banking and an assessment of how the industry changed over time.Less
This chapter describes the spread of both digital and telecommunications applications across the banking industry during the past half century. It also includes a history of Internet banking and an assessment of how the industry changed over time.
Zohar Efroni
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199734078
- eISBN:
- 9780199866137
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734078.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter describes how non-stable digital representations substantially came to qualify as “copies”, rendering the reproduction right omnipresent in digital settings. It further identifies the ...
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This chapter describes how non-stable digital representations substantially came to qualify as “copies”, rendering the reproduction right omnipresent in digital settings. It further identifies the position and function of the digital reproduction right within the larger transitional process copyright law has been undergoing, and most relevantly, the shift toward an access-right regime.Less
This chapter describes how non-stable digital representations substantially came to qualify as “copies”, rendering the reproduction right omnipresent in digital settings. It further identifies the position and function of the digital reproduction right within the larger transitional process copyright law has been undergoing, and most relevantly, the shift toward an access-right regime.
Neil Weinstock Netanel
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195137620
- eISBN:
- 9780199871629
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195137620.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
The United States Supreme Court has famously labeled copyright “the engine of free expression.” Copyright, indeed, both spurs creative production and underwrites a community of authors and publishers ...
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The United States Supreme Court has famously labeled copyright “the engine of free expression.” Copyright, indeed, both spurs creative production and underwrites a community of authors and publishers who are not beholden to government officials for financial support. But copyright has strayed from its traditional, speech‐enhancing core, so much so that copyright now imposes an unacceptable burden on the values that underlie First Amendment guarantees of free speech. Copyright has come increasingly to resemble and be thought of as a full‐fledged property right rather than a limited federal grant designed to further a particular public purpose. The copyright‐free speech conflict cuts across traditional and digital media alike. Yet digital technology adds a vast new dimension, pitting entertainment media bent on stamping out massive “digital piracy” against individuals who increasingly perceive copyright as an undue and unworthy impingement on their liberty and expressive autonomy.Less
The United States Supreme Court has famously labeled copyright “the engine of free expression.” Copyright, indeed, both spurs creative production and underwrites a community of authors and publishers who are not beholden to government officials for financial support. But copyright has strayed from its traditional, speech‐enhancing core, so much so that copyright now imposes an unacceptable burden on the values that underlie First Amendment guarantees of free speech. Copyright has come increasingly to resemble and be thought of as a full‐fledged property right rather than a limited federal grant designed to further a particular public purpose. The copyright‐free speech conflict cuts across traditional and digital media alike. Yet digital technology adds a vast new dimension, pitting entertainment media bent on stamping out massive “digital piracy” against individuals who increasingly perceive copyright as an undue and unworthy impingement on their liberty and expressive autonomy.
André Brock
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781479820375
- eISBN:
- 9781479811908
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479820375.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This book addresses Black culture, Web 2.0, and social networks from new methodological perspectives. Using critical technocultural discourse analysis, the chapters within examine Black-designed ...
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This book addresses Black culture, Web 2.0, and social networks from new methodological perspectives. Using critical technocultural discourse analysis, the chapters within examine Black-designed digital technologies, Black-authored websites, and Black-dominated social media services such as Black Twitter. Distributed Blackness also features an innovative theoretical approach to Black digital practice. The book uses libidinal economy to examine Black discourse and Black users from a joyful/surplus perspective, eschewing deficit models (including respectability politics) to better place online Blackness as a mode of existing in the “postpresent,” or a joyous disregard for modernity and capitalism. This approach also adds nuanced analysis to the energies powering Black online activism and Black identity.Less
This book addresses Black culture, Web 2.0, and social networks from new methodological perspectives. Using critical technocultural discourse analysis, the chapters within examine Black-designed digital technologies, Black-authored websites, and Black-dominated social media services such as Black Twitter. Distributed Blackness also features an innovative theoretical approach to Black digital practice. The book uses libidinal economy to examine Black discourse and Black users from a joyful/surplus perspective, eschewing deficit models (including respectability politics) to better place online Blackness as a mode of existing in the “postpresent,” or a joyous disregard for modernity and capitalism. This approach also adds nuanced analysis to the energies powering Black online activism and Black identity.
James W. Cortada
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195165876
- eISBN:
- 9780199789689
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165876.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
This chapter describes the presence, structure, and form of the banking, insurance, and brokerage industries in the United States. It describes the evolution of these industries over the past half ...
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This chapter describes the presence, structure, and form of the banking, insurance, and brokerage industries in the United States. It describes the evolution of these industries over the past half century including their size, how they made money, and their activities. Also described is how the government regulated their activities and how this affected their use of information technology. The case for how these industries evolved into a new digital style of operation is articulated.Less
This chapter describes the presence, structure, and form of the banking, insurance, and brokerage industries in the United States. It describes the evolution of these industries over the past half century including their size, how they made money, and their activities. Also described is how the government regulated their activities and how this affected their use of information technology. The case for how these industries evolved into a new digital style of operation is articulated.
Zohar Efroni
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199734078
- eISBN:
- 9780199866137
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734078.003.0008
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter introduces and explains the outlines of a new framework for dealing with the problem of copyright protection in the digital age. It sketches a model for a copyright system that is ...
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This chapter introduces and explains the outlines of a new framework for dealing with the problem of copyright protection in the digital age. It sketches a model for a copyright system that is designed for the digital information environment while introducing the concept of the access-right that would replace existing exclusive rights when applied to digital works. Under the proposed regulative framework, digital access to works would become the axis around which both exclusivity entitlements and exceptions are tailored.Less
This chapter introduces and explains the outlines of a new framework for dealing with the problem of copyright protection in the digital age. It sketches a model for a copyright system that is designed for the digital information environment while introducing the concept of the access-right that would replace existing exclusive rights when applied to digital works. Under the proposed regulative framework, digital access to works would become the axis around which both exclusivity entitlements and exceptions are tailored.
Neil Weinstock Netanel
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195137620
- eISBN:
- 9780199871629
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195137620.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
For some, copyright's speech burdens are painfully obvious. But many others do not perceive that copyright poses any serious conflict with freedom of speech.This Chapter presents some illustrative ...
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For some, copyright's speech burdens are painfully obvious. But many others do not perceive that copyright poses any serious conflict with freedom of speech.This Chapter presents some illustrative examples that ought to at least give doubters some pause. They range from speech that is overtly political to purely artistic, from fantasy to documentary, from discrete cases to entire expressive genres, from religious tracts to counterculture comics, from analog to digital, from out‐and‐out copying to highly creative recasting, from new creation to Google search tool, and from copyright holders' calculated suppression of unwanted expression to speakers' inability to pay the copyright license fee that was offered. They demonstrate that copyright may indeed prevent us from effectively conveying a message, pursuing deeply held beliefs, expressing artistic inspiration, participating in a cultural tradition, or, for that matter, promoting “the progress of science.”Less
For some, copyright's speech burdens are painfully obvious. But many others do not perceive that copyright poses any serious conflict with freedom of speech.
This Chapter presents some illustrative examples that ought to at least give doubters some pause. They range from speech that is overtly political to purely artistic, from fantasy to documentary, from discrete cases to entire expressive genres, from religious tracts to counterculture comics, from analog to digital, from out‐and‐out copying to highly creative recasting, from new creation to Google search tool, and from copyright holders' calculated suppression of unwanted expression to speakers' inability to pay the copyright license fee that was offered. They demonstrate that copyright may indeed prevent us from effectively conveying a message, pursuing deeply held beliefs, expressing artistic inspiration, participating in a cultural tradition, or, for that matter, promoting “the progress of science.”
Neil Weinstock Netanel
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195137620
- eISBN:
- 9780199871629
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195137620.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Some scholars and policy makers claim that an expansive, proprietary copyright not only imposes merely trivial speech burdens but, indeed, represents the best means for resolving ...
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Some scholars and policy makers claim that an expansive, proprietary copyright not only imposes merely trivial speech burdens but, indeed, represents the best means for resolving the tension between copyright and free speech. As Paul Goldstein forcefully puts it: to extend copyright “into every corner where consumers derive value from literary and artistic works” is the “best prescription for connecting authors to their audiences.”A broad, proprietary copyright, Goldstein argues, would thus “promote political as well as cultural diversity, ensuring a plenitude of voices, all with the chance to be heard.” This chapter takes on that “propertarian” counter‐argument. It demonstrates that broad copyrights do not, in fact, facilitate expressive diversity. It does so on the basis of copyright economics and by distinguishing between product differentiation and expressive diversity.Less
Some scholars and policy makers claim that an expansive, proprietary copyright not only imposes merely trivial speech burdens but, indeed, represents the best means for resolving the tension between copyright and free speech. As Paul Goldstein forcefully puts it: to extend copyright “into every corner where consumers derive value from literary and artistic works” is the “best prescription for connecting authors to their audiences.”A broad, proprietary copyright, Goldstein argues, would thus “promote political as well as cultural diversity, ensuring a plenitude of voices, all with the chance to be heard.” This chapter takes on that “propertarian” counter‐argument. It demonstrates that broad copyrights do not, in fact, facilitate expressive diversity. It does so on the basis of copyright economics and by distinguishing between product differentiation and expressive diversity.
James W. Cortada
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195165883
- eISBN:
- 9780199789672
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165883.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
This chapter describes the size and nature of manufacturing industries in the American economy during the second half of the 20th century, providing data on size of GDP, number of employees, and key ...
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This chapter describes the size and nature of manufacturing industries in the American economy during the second half of the 20th century, providing data on size of GDP, number of employees, and key industries and how those changed over the half century. It discusses the evolution of the Fordist style to a Digital style of work, and patterns in the adoption and deployment of computers across the entire sector.Less
This chapter describes the size and nature of manufacturing industries in the American economy during the second half of the 20th century, providing data on size of GDP, number of employees, and key industries and how those changed over the half century. It discusses the evolution of the Fordist style to a Digital style of work, and patterns in the adoption and deployment of computers across the entire sector.
John V. Kulvicki
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199290758
- eISBN:
- 9780191604010
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019929075X.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
With the worries about Goodman on the table, this chapter introduces an alternative set of conditions: a modified form of Goodman’s relative repleteness, syntactic sensitivity, and semantic richness. ...
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With the worries about Goodman on the table, this chapter introduces an alternative set of conditions: a modified form of Goodman’s relative repleteness, syntactic sensitivity, and semantic richness. These three are necessary for a representational system to be pictorial and they make no reference to the perception of pictures, but they are not sufficient for a representational system to be pictorial. They accommodate digital pictures comfortably, but are much too broad to capture what makes pictures pictures.Less
With the worries about Goodman on the table, this chapter introduces an alternative set of conditions: a modified form of Goodman’s relative repleteness, syntactic sensitivity, and semantic richness. These three are necessary for a representational system to be pictorial and they make no reference to the perception of pictures, but they are not sufficient for a representational system to be pictorial. They accommodate digital pictures comfortably, but are much too broad to capture what makes pictures pictures.
