Robert Garland
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691161051
- eISBN:
- 9781400850259
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691161051.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
Most classical authors and modern historians depict the ancient Greek world as essentially stable and even static, once the so-called colonization movement came to an end. But this book argues that ...
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Most classical authors and modern historians depict the ancient Greek world as essentially stable and even static, once the so-called colonization movement came to an end. But this book argues that the Greeks were highly mobile, that their movement was essential to the survival, success, and sheer sustainability of their society, and that this wandering became a defining characteristic of their culture. Addressing a neglected but essential subject, this book focuses on the diaspora of tens of thousands of people between about 700 and 325 BCE, demonstrating the degree to which Greeks were liable to be forced to leave their homes due to political upheaval, oppression, poverty, warfare, or simply a desire to better themselves. Attempting to enter into the mind-set of these wanderers, the book provides an insightful and sympathetic account of what it meant for ancient Greeks to part from everyone and everything they held dear, to start a new life elsewhere—or even to become homeless, living on the open road or on the high seas with no end to their journey in sight. Each chapter identifies a specific kind of “wanderer,” including the overseas settler, the deportee, the evacuee, the asylum-seeker, the fugitive, the economic migrant, and the itinerant, and the book also addresses repatriation and the idea of the “portable polis.” The result is a vivid and unique portrait of ancient Greece as a culture of displaced persons.Less
Most classical authors and modern historians depict the ancient Greek world as essentially stable and even static, once the so-called colonization movement came to an end. But this book argues that the Greeks were highly mobile, that their movement was essential to the survival, success, and sheer sustainability of their society, and that this wandering became a defining characteristic of their culture. Addressing a neglected but essential subject, this book focuses on the diaspora of tens of thousands of people between about 700 and 325 BCE, demonstrating the degree to which Greeks were liable to be forced to leave their homes due to political upheaval, oppression, poverty, warfare, or simply a desire to better themselves. Attempting to enter into the mind-set of these wanderers, the book provides an insightful and sympathetic account of what it meant for ancient Greeks to part from everyone and everything they held dear, to start a new life elsewhere—or even to become homeless, living on the open road or on the high seas with no end to their journey in sight. Each chapter identifies a specific kind of “wanderer,” including the overseas settler, the deportee, the evacuee, the asylum-seeker, the fugitive, the economic migrant, and the itinerant, and the book also addresses repatriation and the idea of the “portable polis.” The result is a vivid and unique portrait of ancient Greece as a culture of displaced persons.
Robert Garland
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691161051
- eISBN:
- 9781400850259
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691161051.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This chapter focuses on deportation. Deportation in the archaic and classical Greek world commonly took the form of the forced removal either of a large group by their political opponents or of the ...
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This chapter focuses on deportation. Deportation in the archaic and classical Greek world commonly took the form of the forced removal either of a large group by their political opponents or of the entirety of the population by a foreign enemy or tyrant—a phenomenon not unlike that of ethnic cleansing today. A frequent cause was factional squabbling between supporters of democracy and those of an oligarchic persuasion. Mass deportation, albeit cruel and inhuman, functioned as a valuable safety valve in that it relieved political pressure. Ultimately, deportation is a severe test of endurance, both physical and psychological, aggravated by the fact that in many cases the deportees are forced to leave all their possessions behind them.Less
This chapter focuses on deportation. Deportation in the archaic and classical Greek world commonly took the form of the forced removal either of a large group by their political opponents or of the entirety of the population by a foreign enemy or tyrant—a phenomenon not unlike that of ethnic cleansing today. A frequent cause was factional squabbling between supporters of democracy and those of an oligarchic persuasion. Mass deportation, albeit cruel and inhuman, functioned as a valuable safety valve in that it relieved political pressure. Ultimately, deportation is a severe test of endurance, both physical and psychological, aggravated by the fact that in many cases the deportees are forced to leave all their possessions behind them.
David C. Brotherton and Luis Barrios
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199669394
- eISBN:
- 9780191748752
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199669394.003.0012
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter analyzes the immigration/deportation process through the concept of social bulimia. Drawing on life history interviews with Dominican deportees conducted in the Dominican Republic and ...
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This chapter analyzes the immigration/deportation process through the concept of social bulimia. Drawing on life history interviews with Dominican deportees conducted in the Dominican Republic and the United States during the years 2002–2010, as well as in situ field observations of deportees and archival research related to Dominican deportation and the settlement of that community, the chapter focuses on three stages of the bulimic cycle: the seduction of the American Dream, Integration, and Othering; blurred boundaries, drifting, and pathways to crime; and the vindictiveness of prison and deportation.Less
This chapter analyzes the immigration/deportation process through the concept of social bulimia. Drawing on life history interviews with Dominican deportees conducted in the Dominican Republic and the United States during the years 2002–2010, as well as in situ field observations of deportees and archival research related to Dominican deportation and the settlement of that community, the chapter focuses on three stages of the bulimic cycle: the seduction of the American Dream, Integration, and Othering; blurred boundaries, drifting, and pathways to crime; and the vindictiveness of prison and deportation.
Isser Woloch
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780300124354
- eISBN:
- 9780300242683
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300124354.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter assesses postwar France. In one respect, the postwar moment began earlier in France than elsewhere with the gradual liberation of French soil in the summer of 1944. Alongside the Allied ...
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This chapter assesses postwar France. In one respect, the postwar moment began earlier in France than elsewhere with the gradual liberation of French soil in the summer of 1944. Alongside the Allied armies, Charles de Gaulle's Free French units and the paramilitary forces (FFI) of the Resistance helped drive out the Nazis and oust Vichy's collaborators. However, liberation of the national territory was the first of two steps necessary to make France whole again. Only the conquest of the Reich would allow the repatriation from Germany of more than two million French prisoners of war (POWs), forced laborers, and surviving concentration camp deportees. Once that was achieved, the progressive project of renewal, the “peaceful revolution” envisaged by the National Council of the Resistance (CNR) Common Program, could begin in earnest.Less
This chapter assesses postwar France. In one respect, the postwar moment began earlier in France than elsewhere with the gradual liberation of French soil in the summer of 1944. Alongside the Allied armies, Charles de Gaulle's Free French units and the paramilitary forces (FFI) of the Resistance helped drive out the Nazis and oust Vichy's collaborators. However, liberation of the national territory was the first of two steps necessary to make France whole again. Only the conquest of the Reich would allow the repatriation from Germany of more than two million French prisoners of war (POWs), forced laborers, and surviving concentration camp deportees. Once that was achieved, the progressive project of renewal, the “peaceful revolution” envisaged by the National Council of the Resistance (CNR) Common Program, could begin in earnest.
Eva Roa White
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719089282
- eISBN:
- 9781781707579
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719089282.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
In this overview of Roddy Doyle’s fictional and theatrical contributions, this chapter demonstrates how Irishness is, in his work, redefined in order to include hyphenated, hybridised identities. In ...
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In this overview of Roddy Doyle’s fictional and theatrical contributions, this chapter demonstrates how Irishness is, in his work, redefined in order to include hyphenated, hybridised identities. In particular, the author explores the issue of citizenship in Doyle’s short story ‘57% Irish,’ revealing the political and ideological nuances of a text which openly vindicates the integration of the ‘new Irish’ in Ireland’s mainstream society.Less
In this overview of Roddy Doyle’s fictional and theatrical contributions, this chapter demonstrates how Irishness is, in his work, redefined in order to include hyphenated, hybridised identities. In particular, the author explores the issue of citizenship in Doyle’s short story ‘57% Irish,’ revealing the political and ideological nuances of a text which openly vindicates the integration of the ‘new Irish’ in Ireland’s mainstream society.
Tanya Maria Golash-Boza
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479894666
- eISBN:
- 9781479859443
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479894666.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
Why do people leave their country of birth? In this chapter, we see that people migrate because they seek out a better life abroad and because they have the networks and resources to leave. We can’t ...
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Why do people leave their country of birth? In this chapter, we see that people migrate because they seek out a better life abroad and because they have the networks and resources to leave. We can’t understand international migration patterns simply by looking at poverty; we also have to consider histories of colonization; economic, political, and historical ties; and foreign policy. This chapter explores the lives of deportees before they left their countries of origin to shed light on why they left. We learn that the four countries under study here—Jamaica, the Dominican Republic, Brazil, and Guatemala—all have very close ties with the United States, and each underwent economic and social shifts due to neoliberal policies in the late 20th century. These ties and neoliberal changes work as both push and pull factors that lead migrants to leave their countries. The details of each country are distinct but they all have in common that neoliberal reforms accelerated the flows of international migrants.Less
Why do people leave their country of birth? In this chapter, we see that people migrate because they seek out a better life abroad and because they have the networks and resources to leave. We can’t understand international migration patterns simply by looking at poverty; we also have to consider histories of colonization; economic, political, and historical ties; and foreign policy. This chapter explores the lives of deportees before they left their countries of origin to shed light on why they left. We learn that the four countries under study here—Jamaica, the Dominican Republic, Brazil, and Guatemala—all have very close ties with the United States, and each underwent economic and social shifts due to neoliberal policies in the late 20th century. These ties and neoliberal changes work as both push and pull factors that lead migrants to leave their countries. The details of each country are distinct but they all have in common that neoliberal reforms accelerated the flows of international migrants.
M. Kathleen Dingeman-Cerda and Susan Bibler Coutin
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814749029
- eISBN:
- 9780814749043
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814749029.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This chapter examines the confounding effects of deportation. The analysis draws upon interviews conducted in El Salvador during the summer of 2008. As part of a larger project examining the ...
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This chapter examines the confounding effects of deportation. The analysis draws upon interviews conducted in El Salvador during the summer of 2008. As part of a larger project examining the experiences of 1.5 generation Salvadorans—that is, Salvadorans who migrated to the United States originally as children—researchers interviewed 41 deportees, most of whom had migrated prior to the age of 13 and had grown up in the United States. The experiences of deportees and their families are varied and complex. Some deportees adjusted successfully to life in their country of origin. Others suffered from depression and alienation, which may be exacerbated by the negative reactions of fellow citizens, discrimination, and harassment because they were perceived to be foreign, and from loss of custody and sometimes even communication with their children. Some deportees remained in El Salvador; others defied their deportation orders through unauthorized re-entry or by recreating U.S. communities on small scales in El Salvador.Less
This chapter examines the confounding effects of deportation. The analysis draws upon interviews conducted in El Salvador during the summer of 2008. As part of a larger project examining the experiences of 1.5 generation Salvadorans—that is, Salvadorans who migrated to the United States originally as children—researchers interviewed 41 deportees, most of whom had migrated prior to the age of 13 and had grown up in the United States. The experiences of deportees and their families are varied and complex. Some deportees adjusted successfully to life in their country of origin. Others suffered from depression and alienation, which may be exacerbated by the negative reactions of fellow citizens, discrimination, and harassment because they were perceived to be foreign, and from loss of custody and sometimes even communication with their children. Some deportees remained in El Salvador; others defied their deportation orders through unauthorized re-entry or by recreating U.S. communities on small scales in El Salvador.
Marjorie S. Zatz, Charis E. Kubrin, and Ramiro Martínez
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814749029
- eISBN:
- 9780814749043
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814749029.003.0011
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This concluding chapter summarizes the major findings crosscutting the research presented in individual chapters, identifies key research themes for future studies, and initiates a conversation on ...
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This concluding chapter summarizes the major findings crosscutting the research presented in individual chapters, identifies key research themes for future studies, and initiates a conversation on how social science research can better inform immigration policy. By drawing on studies from multiple disciplines and from various sites within the United States as well as Africa, Europe, Central America, and Australia, we are better able to understand the confounding effects of immigration policies on individuals and communities, and the varied responses of immigrants. The exploration of the lived realities of immigrants, deportees, and relocated persons shows the ways in which those experiences are systematically nuanced and layered. The next step is to translate this social science research into more informed policies and practices for addressing the relationships among immigration, crime, law, and victimization. The chapter ends with suggestions both for future research and for those individuals designing and enforcing immigration policy.Less
This concluding chapter summarizes the major findings crosscutting the research presented in individual chapters, identifies key research themes for future studies, and initiates a conversation on how social science research can better inform immigration policy. By drawing on studies from multiple disciplines and from various sites within the United States as well as Africa, Europe, Central America, and Australia, we are better able to understand the confounding effects of immigration policies on individuals and communities, and the varied responses of immigrants. The exploration of the lived realities of immigrants, deportees, and relocated persons shows the ways in which those experiences are systematically nuanced and layered. The next step is to translate this social science research into more informed policies and practices for addressing the relationships among immigration, crime, law, and victimization. The chapter ends with suggestions both for future research and for those individuals designing and enforcing immigration policy.
Shannon L. Fogg
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198787129
- eISBN:
- 9780191829192
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198787129.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Cultural History
Before the war was even over, the French were planning for a long period of physical and moral reconstruction after Liberation. However, the government would be faced with many pressing needs and its ...
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Before the war was even over, the French were planning for a long period of physical and moral reconstruction after Liberation. However, the government would be faced with many pressing needs and its failure to live up to the public’s expectations would quickly lead to disillusionment. This chapter traces the transition from hope to reality by examining the establishment of policies related to housing and the restitution of items looted during the Furniture Operation. Between November 1944 and April 1945, the government issued a series of laws related to recovering lost apartments and furnishings. These early ordinances related to housing and its contents clearly reflected the republican desire to avoid categorizing the population and treated all French war victims equally. Such policies placed Jews at a disadvantage in the restitution process when competing with other groups for scarce resources.Less
Before the war was even over, the French were planning for a long period of physical and moral reconstruction after Liberation. However, the government would be faced with many pressing needs and its failure to live up to the public’s expectations would quickly lead to disillusionment. This chapter traces the transition from hope to reality by examining the establishment of policies related to housing and the restitution of items looted during the Furniture Operation. Between November 1944 and April 1945, the government issued a series of laws related to recovering lost apartments and furnishings. These early ordinances related to housing and its contents clearly reflected the republican desire to avoid categorizing the population and treated all French war victims equally. Such policies placed Jews at a disadvantage in the restitution process when competing with other groups for scarce resources.
Shannon L. Fogg
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198787129
- eISBN:
- 9780191829192
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198787129.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Cultural History
This chapter examines Jewish communal responses to the war after Liberation and specifically to the provisional government’s ordinances related to housing and restitution. In so doing, it addresses ...
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This chapter examines Jewish communal responses to the war after Liberation and specifically to the provisional government’s ordinances related to housing and restitution. In so doing, it addresses the postwar Jewish relationship to politics and examines the expectations Jewish leaders and individuals had for their future. Jews expected to be full and equal participants in the political process of restitution and enlisted the aid of organizations to have their needs heard. Despite the wide range of specific concerns expressed by the organizations and the varied constituencies they represented, they all shared the common goal of facilitating the Jewish community’s recovery. Examining the ways in which the Jewish population participated in postwar politics allows for an exploration of the community’s engagement with issues such as justice and anti-Semitism.Less
This chapter examines Jewish communal responses to the war after Liberation and specifically to the provisional government’s ordinances related to housing and restitution. In so doing, it addresses the postwar Jewish relationship to politics and examines the expectations Jewish leaders and individuals had for their future. Jews expected to be full and equal participants in the political process of restitution and enlisted the aid of organizations to have their needs heard. Despite the wide range of specific concerns expressed by the organizations and the varied constituencies they represented, they all shared the common goal of facilitating the Jewish community’s recovery. Examining the ways in which the Jewish population participated in postwar politics allows for an exploration of the community’s engagement with issues such as justice and anti-Semitism.
