David Schlosberg
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199286294
- eISBN:
- 9780191713323
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199286294.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
The focus of this final chapter is on how environmental and ecological justice can be applied in both state political practice and in the public realm. This conclusion explores practices of ...
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The focus of this final chapter is on how environmental and ecological justice can be applied in both state political practice and in the public realm. This conclusion explores practices of ecological reflexivity and political engagement, and suggestions for democratic and institutional transformations, which can help us implement a broad and pluralist notion of environmental and ecological justice.Less
The focus of this final chapter is on how environmental and ecological justice can be applied in both state political practice and in the public realm. This conclusion explores practices of ecological reflexivity and political engagement, and suggestions for democratic and institutional transformations, which can help us implement a broad and pluralist notion of environmental and ecological justice.
David D. Laitin
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199228232
- eISBN:
- 9780191696312
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199228232.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
While not a culprit in fostering violence, there is a downside to cultural diversity: it weakens the social solidarity necessary for a healthy public life. It is therefore imperative to find a route ...
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While not a culprit in fostering violence, there is a downside to cultural diversity: it weakens the social solidarity necessary for a healthy public life. It is therefore imperative to find a route toward the management of diversity that does not compromise economic growth or the efficient production of public goods. This chapter proposes a route to managing the costs of diversity, which has the added potential of enhancing democratic participation. It serves as a normative response to the political trends outlined in the previous chapters. While the route that outlined is designed for rich democratic states, the chapter draws some implications of the proposal for poor countries that suffer from abysmal levels of public goods provision.Less
While not a culprit in fostering violence, there is a downside to cultural diversity: it weakens the social solidarity necessary for a healthy public life. It is therefore imperative to find a route toward the management of diversity that does not compromise economic growth or the efficient production of public goods. This chapter proposes a route to managing the costs of diversity, which has the added potential of enhancing democratic participation. It serves as a normative response to the political trends outlined in the previous chapters. While the route that outlined is designed for rich democratic states, the chapter draws some implications of the proposal for poor countries that suffer from abysmal levels of public goods provision.
Lennart J. Lundqvist
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719069024
- eISBN:
- 9781781700549
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719069024.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
This chapter highlights the importance of achieving the right balance between democracy and ecological governance. It explains that while ecological governance for sustainability must profoundly ...
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This chapter highlights the importance of achieving the right balance between democracy and ecological governance. It explains that while ecological governance for sustainability must profoundly affect all and everyone in order to be successful, it cannot achieve legitimacy without offering each and everyone a possibility to participate in the formation and implementation of such governance. This chapter discusses ways by which democratic participation could be promoted and individual autonomy safeguarded in a system of governance geared towards ecological sustainability. It characterizes the formal ecological governance in Sweden as an open political process which provides common access to information and safeguards individual rights and freedom of choice.Less
This chapter highlights the importance of achieving the right balance between democracy and ecological governance. It explains that while ecological governance for sustainability must profoundly affect all and everyone in order to be successful, it cannot achieve legitimacy without offering each and everyone a possibility to participate in the formation and implementation of such governance. This chapter discusses ways by which democratic participation could be promoted and individual autonomy safeguarded in a system of governance geared towards ecological sustainability. It characterizes the formal ecological governance in Sweden as an open political process which provides common access to information and safeguards individual rights and freedom of choice.
Matt Qvortrup
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719076589
- eISBN:
- 9781781701560
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719076589.003.0012
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter concludes the book with a discussion of future the prospects for democracy. It sums up the argument, makes recommendations for future studies, and offers suggestions for new forms of ...
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This chapter concludes the book with a discussion of future the prospects for democracy. It sums up the argument, makes recommendations for future studies, and offers suggestions for new forms of participation. Contrary to the often negative assessment of the state of citizen engagement, this chapter contends that if citizen politics is to thrive, a broadening of the political system itself is required to allow for different forms of democratic participation.Less
This chapter concludes the book with a discussion of future the prospects for democracy. It sums up the argument, makes recommendations for future studies, and offers suggestions for new forms of participation. Contrary to the often negative assessment of the state of citizen engagement, this chapter contends that if citizen politics is to thrive, a broadening of the political system itself is required to allow for different forms of democratic participation.
Erin Ryan
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199737987
- eISBN:
- 9780199918652
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199737987.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
Chapter two takes on the critical question of why the Constitution establishes a federal system at all. After considering the political origins of federalism, the fraught relationship between ...
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Chapter two takes on the critical question of why the Constitution establishes a federal system at all. After considering the political origins of federalism, the fraught relationship between structural federalism and first-order policy concerns, and the distinction between true federalism and decentralization, it explores the individual principles of good government on which federalism is premised. It reviews how federalism fosters: (1) checks and balances between state and federal power that safeguard individuals against overreaching or abdication by either side; (2) transparent and accountable governance that enables meaningful democratic participation at all points on the jurisdictional spectrum; (3) local autonomy and diversity that give rise to the interjurisdictional competition and innovation of federalism’s great “laboratory of ideas;” and (4) problem-solving synergy between the unique capacities of local and national government for coping with different parts of interjurisdictional problems. The chapter discusses the how the checks and balances of jurisdictional overlap establish as powerful a bulwark against tyranny as those of jurisdictional separation, and it explores the provenance of federalism’s underappreciated problem-solving value within the subsidiarity principle.Less
Chapter two takes on the critical question of why the Constitution establishes a federal system at all. After considering the political origins of federalism, the fraught relationship between structural federalism and first-order policy concerns, and the distinction between true federalism and decentralization, it explores the individual principles of good government on which federalism is premised. It reviews how federalism fosters: (1) checks and balances between state and federal power that safeguard individuals against overreaching or abdication by either side; (2) transparent and accountable governance that enables meaningful democratic participation at all points on the jurisdictional spectrum; (3) local autonomy and diversity that give rise to the interjurisdictional competition and innovation of federalism’s great “laboratory of ideas;” and (4) problem-solving synergy between the unique capacities of local and national government for coping with different parts of interjurisdictional problems. The chapter discusses the how the checks and balances of jurisdictional overlap establish as powerful a bulwark against tyranny as those of jurisdictional separation, and it explores the provenance of federalism’s underappreciated problem-solving value within the subsidiarity principle.
Jon Van Til and Dolly Ford
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231151689
- eISBN:
- 9780231525282
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231151689.003.0018
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
This chapter concludes that sustained dialogue and democratic deliberation may be seen as part of an ongoing intellectual movement that finds a basic test of democracy in the quantity and quality of ...
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This chapter concludes that sustained dialogue and democratic deliberation may be seen as part of an ongoing intellectual movement that finds a basic test of democracy in the quantity and quality of the public dialogue that it engenders. The two practices are at the heart of the concept of democratic participation in solving entrenched problems, and such public conversations can work in a variety of settings to enhance the role of citizens as active members of a democratic society. In addition, sustained dialogue is not only important theoretically as a component of active democratic participation, but it is also a tool to advance the quality of individual and community life.Less
This chapter concludes that sustained dialogue and democratic deliberation may be seen as part of an ongoing intellectual movement that finds a basic test of democracy in the quantity and quality of the public dialogue that it engenders. The two practices are at the heart of the concept of democratic participation in solving entrenched problems, and such public conversations can work in a variety of settings to enhance the role of citizens as active members of a democratic society. In addition, sustained dialogue is not only important theoretically as a component of active democratic participation, but it is also a tool to advance the quality of individual and community life.
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804773294
- eISBN:
- 9780804777438
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804773294.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
Reputation-based governance provides a more direct route for citizens to influence the choice of policies by directly ascribing to them a role in their selection. This chapter considers how forms of ...
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Reputation-based governance provides a more direct route for citizens to influence the choice of policies by directly ascribing to them a role in their selection. This chapter considers how forms of participative democracy can be established. It focuses on the procedural aspects of democratic practices: within a governance process, every chance of democratic participation rests on the presence of procedures of some type. These may be formally coded, as in the case of a referendum to abrogate a law, or they may be quite informal, as in a public demonstration attended by citizens who hope to put pressure on their government in favor or against some policy. Notwithstanding the obvious differences between these two cases, both can usefully be thought of as procedures. The chapter illustrates these issues by referring to a well-known case, namely the “participative budget” of the Brazilian city Porto Alegre.Less
Reputation-based governance provides a more direct route for citizens to influence the choice of policies by directly ascribing to them a role in their selection. This chapter considers how forms of participative democracy can be established. It focuses on the procedural aspects of democratic practices: within a governance process, every chance of democratic participation rests on the presence of procedures of some type. These may be formally coded, as in the case of a referendum to abrogate a law, or they may be quite informal, as in a public demonstration attended by citizens who hope to put pressure on their government in favor or against some policy. Notwithstanding the obvious differences between these two cases, both can usefully be thought of as procedures. The chapter illustrates these issues by referring to a well-known case, namely the “participative budget” of the Brazilian city Porto Alegre.
Amit M. Schejter
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823251834
- eISBN:
- 9780823268955
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823251834.003.0007
- Subject:
- Information Science, Information Science
This chapter denounces the hypercommercialization of the information network and its control by private interests using the marketplace metaphor. It argues that government policy should adopt a ...
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This chapter denounces the hypercommercialization of the information network and its control by private interests using the marketplace metaphor. It argues that government policy should adopt a justice-based metaphor instead, and focus on quantifying the amount of democratic opportunity created, after reaching consensus on the definition of democratic participation. The chapter begins with an overview of broadband Internet within the context of democracy and its importance in the promotion of social and democratic goals before offering an alternative theoretical framework for evaluating the “success” of broadband policy and creating a measure for “democratic capacity.” It then introduces a vision of broadband as an essential facilitator of democratic discourse and considers some recent attempts made by governments to rethink “development” in non-economic terms. Finally, it discusses the non-economic goals set by the National Broadband Plan in comparison with its quantifiable goals.Less
This chapter denounces the hypercommercialization of the information network and its control by private interests using the marketplace metaphor. It argues that government policy should adopt a justice-based metaphor instead, and focus on quantifying the amount of democratic opportunity created, after reaching consensus on the definition of democratic participation. The chapter begins with an overview of broadband Internet within the context of democracy and its importance in the promotion of social and democratic goals before offering an alternative theoretical framework for evaluating the “success” of broadband policy and creating a measure for “democratic capacity.” It then introduces a vision of broadband as an essential facilitator of democratic discourse and considers some recent attempts made by governments to rethink “development” in non-economic terms. Finally, it discusses the non-economic goals set by the National Broadband Plan in comparison with its quantifiable goals.
Erin Ryan
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199737987
- eISBN:
- 9780199918652
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199737987.003.0010
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
The preceding positive account provides foundation for Chapter Ten’s critical normative claim: that federalism bargaining is not only a pragmatic solution to a problem of doctrinal uncertainty, but ...
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The preceding positive account provides foundation for Chapter Ten’s critical normative claim: that federalism bargaining is not only a pragmatic solution to a problem of doctrinal uncertainty, but can itself be a legitimate way of interpreting federalism, when federalism interpretation is understood as a way of constraining public agencies to act consistently with constitutional directives. Federalism bargaining achieves interpretive status when it procedurally incorporates not only the mutual consent principles that legitimize bargaining in general, but also the fundamental federalism values that should guide federalism interpretation in any forum. After all, the core federalism values are essentially realized through good governance procedure: (1) the maintenance of checks and balances to protect individuals against sovereign excess or abdication; (2) the protection of accountability and transparency to ensure meaningful democratic participation; (3) the preference for process that fosters local innovation, variation, and competition; and (4) the cultivation of regulatory space for harnessing synergy between local and national capacity when needed to cope with interjurisdictional problems. Incorporating these values into the bargaining process allows negotiators to interpret federalism directives procedurally when consensus on the substance is unavailable. The more bargaining process incorporates mutual consent and federalism values, the more it warrants judicial deference as a means of federalism interpretation. Interpretive bargaining becomes less legitimate as factual circumstances depart from the assumptions of mutual consent—when bargainers cannot freely opt out, understand their own interests, or be trusted to faithfully represent their principals—and when procedures contravene core federalism values. When reviewing federalism challenges to such bargaining, the judicial role shifts to deferential oversight for these criteria. Drawing on the procedural application of fair bargaining and federalism values, negotiated governance opens possibilities for filling the inevitable interpretive gaps left by unilateral mandates. Indeed, it has been doing so all along. Chapter Ten’s analysis provides the missing theoretical justification for operative political safeguards while preserving a role for limited judicial review. It concludes by evaluating examples against these interpretive criteria and offering recommendations for engineering greater structural support for federalism values in bilateral governance.Less
The preceding positive account provides foundation for Chapter Ten’s critical normative claim: that federalism bargaining is not only a pragmatic solution to a problem of doctrinal uncertainty, but can itself be a legitimate way of interpreting federalism, when federalism interpretation is understood as a way of constraining public agencies to act consistently with constitutional directives. Federalism bargaining achieves interpretive status when it procedurally incorporates not only the mutual consent principles that legitimize bargaining in general, but also the fundamental federalism values that should guide federalism interpretation in any forum. After all, the core federalism values are essentially realized through good governance procedure: (1) the maintenance of checks and balances to protect individuals against sovereign excess or abdication; (2) the protection of accountability and transparency to ensure meaningful democratic participation; (3) the preference for process that fosters local innovation, variation, and competition; and (4) the cultivation of regulatory space for harnessing synergy between local and national capacity when needed to cope with interjurisdictional problems. Incorporating these values into the bargaining process allows negotiators to interpret federalism directives procedurally when consensus on the substance is unavailable. The more bargaining process incorporates mutual consent and federalism values, the more it warrants judicial deference as a means of federalism interpretation. Interpretive bargaining becomes less legitimate as factual circumstances depart from the assumptions of mutual consent—when bargainers cannot freely opt out, understand their own interests, or be trusted to faithfully represent their principals—and when procedures contravene core federalism values. When reviewing federalism challenges to such bargaining, the judicial role shifts to deferential oversight for these criteria. Drawing on the procedural application of fair bargaining and federalism values, negotiated governance opens possibilities for filling the inevitable interpretive gaps left by unilateral mandates. Indeed, it has been doing so all along. Chapter Ten’s analysis provides the missing theoretical justification for operative political safeguards while preserving a role for limited judicial review. It concludes by evaluating examples against these interpretive criteria and offering recommendations for engineering greater structural support for federalism values in bilateral governance.
Margaret Rundle, Carrie James, Katie Davis, Jennifer O. Ryan, John M. Francis, and Howard Gardner
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199756087
- eISBN:
- 9780199949571
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199756087.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Corporate Governance and Accountability
This chapter explores the “mental models” of trust that youth utilize in assessing the trustworthiness of others and the implications of such mental models for the future of democratic life. Findings ...
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This chapter explores the “mental models” of trust that youth utilize in assessing the trustworthiness of others and the implications of such mental models for the future of democratic life. Findings from in depth, semi structured interviews suggest that many youth rely predominately on an earned-through-performance model of trust when assessing the trustworthiness of others. However, a substantial number of youth favor models based on interactions evidence – particularly earned-through-interactions or evolves-through-interactions models – when assessing the trustworthiness of distant figures such as politicians and others in public life, where such interactions are improbable. The use of interactions evidence to assess trustworthiness is related to a passive withholding trust stance which has troubling implications for youth democratic participation; by disengaging from trustworthiness assessments of political figures, youth may be unmotivated to engage in related civic and political spheres.Less
This chapter explores the “mental models” of trust that youth utilize in assessing the trustworthiness of others and the implications of such mental models for the future of democratic life. Findings from in depth, semi structured interviews suggest that many youth rely predominately on an earned-through-performance model of trust when assessing the trustworthiness of others. However, a substantial number of youth favor models based on interactions evidence – particularly earned-through-interactions or evolves-through-interactions models – when assessing the trustworthiness of distant figures such as politicians and others in public life, where such interactions are improbable. The use of interactions evidence to assess trustworthiness is related to a passive withholding trust stance which has troubling implications for youth democratic participation; by disengaging from trustworthiness assessments of political figures, youth may be unmotivated to engage in related civic and political spheres.
Henrik Bang
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861346407
- eISBN:
- 9781447303206
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861346407.003.0009
- Subject:
- Sociology, Organizations
This chapter illuminates the importance of studying informal, as well as state-sponsored, forms of democratic participation. It addresses the problems of individuation and the decoupling of states ...
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This chapter illuminates the importance of studying informal, as well as state-sponsored, forms of democratic participation. It addresses the problems of individuation and the decoupling of states from citizens. It argues that governance strategies designed to enhance social capital have resulted in a growing division between what he terms ‘expert citizens’ and ‘everyday makers’.Less
This chapter illuminates the importance of studying informal, as well as state-sponsored, forms of democratic participation. It addresses the problems of individuation and the decoupling of states from citizens. It argues that governance strategies designed to enhance social capital have resulted in a growing division between what he terms ‘expert citizens’ and ‘everyday makers’.
Janneke Nijman
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199245383
- eISBN:
- 9780191697456
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199245383.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter deals with the concept of international legal personality (ILP) within the context of the overall theme of this book, the (changing) perception of state sovereignty in modern ...
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This chapter deals with the concept of international legal personality (ILP) within the context of the overall theme of this book, the (changing) perception of state sovereignty in modern international law. It argues that if we proceed along the historic line of evolution, and continue to rethink sovereignty as well as the structure of international law, in particular with regard to increasing the legitimacy of international law, rethinking cautiously the concept of ILP is an appropriate line of action. It concludes that the concept of ILP is the conceptual missing link between international law and democratic participation.Less
This chapter deals with the concept of international legal personality (ILP) within the context of the overall theme of this book, the (changing) perception of state sovereignty in modern international law. It argues that if we proceed along the historic line of evolution, and continue to rethink sovereignty as well as the structure of international law, in particular with regard to increasing the legitimacy of international law, rethinking cautiously the concept of ILP is an appropriate line of action. It concludes that the concept of ILP is the conceptual missing link between international law and democratic participation.
Roger S. Gottlieb
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195176483
- eISBN:
- 9780199850846
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195176483.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Chapter 8 focuses on the functions of religious environmentalism in the larger context. The chapter discusses the threats to environmentalists commitments and coming to grips with these forces: ...
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Chapter 8 focuses on the functions of religious environmentalism in the larger context. The chapter discusses the threats to environmentalists commitments and coming to grips with these forces: consumerism, fundamentalism, and globalization, which are dominant forces in the world's culture, politics, and economics. Here in this chapter, emphasis is given on a greater role of religious environmentalism in the broad tradition of progressive political movements, those that have historically fought for an expanded sense of democratic participation (for racial minorities, women, or colonized peoples), an enlarged arena of public concern (social welfare programs, public health), and limits on the undemocratic powers of either corporations or the state.Less
Chapter 8 focuses on the functions of religious environmentalism in the larger context. The chapter discusses the threats to environmentalists commitments and coming to grips with these forces: consumerism, fundamentalism, and globalization, which are dominant forces in the world's culture, politics, and economics. Here in this chapter, emphasis is given on a greater role of religious environmentalism in the broad tradition of progressive political movements, those that have historically fought for an expanded sense of democratic participation (for racial minorities, women, or colonized peoples), an enlarged arena of public concern (social welfare programs, public health), and limits on the undemocratic powers of either corporations or the state.
Stephen Eric Bronner
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231153836
- eISBN:
- 9780231527354
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231153836.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Published more than twenty years ago, this bold defense of socialism remains a seminal text for our time. Treating socialism as an ethic, reinterpreting its core categories, and critically ...
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Published more than twenty years ago, this bold defense of socialism remains a seminal text for our time. Treating socialism as an ethic, reinterpreting its core categories, and critically confronting its early foundations, the book offers a reinvigorated “class ideal” and a new perspective for progressive politics in the twentieth century. It is an extraordinary work of political history that revisits the pivotal figures of the labor movement: Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Karl Kautsky, Vladimir Lenin, and Rosa Luxemburg. Examining their contributions as well as their flaws, the book shows how critical innovation gave way to dogma. New practical problems have arisen, and this book engages with the relationship between class and social movements, institutional accountability and democratic participation, economic justice and market imperatives, and internationalism and identity.Less
Published more than twenty years ago, this bold defense of socialism remains a seminal text for our time. Treating socialism as an ethic, reinterpreting its core categories, and critically confronting its early foundations, the book offers a reinvigorated “class ideal” and a new perspective for progressive politics in the twentieth century. It is an extraordinary work of political history that revisits the pivotal figures of the labor movement: Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Karl Kautsky, Vladimir Lenin, and Rosa Luxemburg. Examining their contributions as well as their flaws, the book shows how critical innovation gave way to dogma. New practical problems have arisen, and this book engages with the relationship between class and social movements, institutional accountability and democratic participation, economic justice and market imperatives, and internationalism and identity.
Kevin Francis
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748638666
- eISBN:
- 9780748671939
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748638666.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
Drawing on the perspective of democratic theory, this chapter argues that the prospect of Scottish independence provides a realistic opportunity for radical political innovation. It insists that the ...
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Drawing on the perspective of democratic theory, this chapter argues that the prospect of Scottish independence provides a realistic opportunity for radical political innovation. It insists that the hoped-for levels of civic engagement, delivering the fourth principle of power sharing with the people, have not been achieved in Scotland. It also pursues the ideas of popular sovereignty and democratic participation found in the writings of John Stuart Mill and developed by modern theorists of deliberative democracy. The chapter proposes a form of direct political decision-making by citizens akin to that derived from classical Athenian democracy. It also suggests various ways in which bills, after parliamentary deliberation and vote, might be put to randomly selected juries of 10,000 or 20,000 for ‘popular assent’ or rejection. The central idea is that when citizens act as jurors they are trusted to exercise real power on behalf of their fellow citizens; arguably they act above and beyond sectional, party or local interests. In this role, civic duty carries a collective responsibility which transcends partiality and particular identity.Less
Drawing on the perspective of democratic theory, this chapter argues that the prospect of Scottish independence provides a realistic opportunity for radical political innovation. It insists that the hoped-for levels of civic engagement, delivering the fourth principle of power sharing with the people, have not been achieved in Scotland. It also pursues the ideas of popular sovereignty and democratic participation found in the writings of John Stuart Mill and developed by modern theorists of deliberative democracy. The chapter proposes a form of direct political decision-making by citizens akin to that derived from classical Athenian democracy. It also suggests various ways in which bills, after parliamentary deliberation and vote, might be put to randomly selected juries of 10,000 or 20,000 for ‘popular assent’ or rejection. The central idea is that when citizens act as jurors they are trusted to exercise real power on behalf of their fellow citizens; arguably they act above and beyond sectional, party or local interests. In this role, civic duty carries a collective responsibility which transcends partiality and particular identity.
Amy E. Lerman and Vesla Mae Weaver
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- October 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190243098
- eISBN:
- 9780190243104
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190243098.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory, American Politics
The internal management and culture of prison institutions has been too long neglected as a topic of serious inquiry. This chapter examines the judicial idea of a trade-off between safety and ...
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The internal management and culture of prison institutions has been too long neglected as a topic of serious inquiry. This chapter examines the judicial idea of a trade-off between safety and democracy in the modern American prison by examining inmate advisory councils in the state of California (called IACs, or inmate advisory councils). The first task is empirical. Using data from three sources, little evidence is found that more active inmate advisory councils are associated with a greater prevalence of violence. Rather, there is a significant and negative association between participation in inmate self-governance and the incidence of violence. The chapter also begins the work of theorizing the democratic deficits of prisons today and suggests to scholars of the carceral state that procedural justice and legitimacy are as important within the prison environment as they are in the venues in which they have been traditionally assessed.Less
The internal management and culture of prison institutions has been too long neglected as a topic of serious inquiry. This chapter examines the judicial idea of a trade-off between safety and democracy in the modern American prison by examining inmate advisory councils in the state of California (called IACs, or inmate advisory councils). The first task is empirical. Using data from three sources, little evidence is found that more active inmate advisory councils are associated with a greater prevalence of violence. Rather, there is a significant and negative association between participation in inmate self-governance and the incidence of violence. The chapter also begins the work of theorizing the democratic deficits of prisons today and suggests to scholars of the carceral state that procedural justice and legitimacy are as important within the prison environment as they are in the venues in which they have been traditionally assessed.
R. Balasubramaniam
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781501713514
- eISBN:
- 9781501712470
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501713514.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This book is an attempt to understand citizen development and engagement. It takes the reader through interpretations of development initiatives at the grassroots and what good governance means to ...
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This book is an attempt to understand citizen development and engagement. It takes the reader through interpretations of development initiatives at the grassroots and what good governance means to ordinary people. The book unravels the power of citizen engagement through the author's experiences of leading civil society campaigns against corruption and towards strengthening democratic participation of people. It also deals with the philosophical underpinnings of public policies, drawing from the author's on-the-ground experience as well as engagement with those in the higher echelons of policymaking and implementation. The last section of the book provides glimpses into milestones of a development movement; milestones that are responsible for a continued faith in citizen engagement despite the hindering forces.Less
This book is an attempt to understand citizen development and engagement. It takes the reader through interpretations of development initiatives at the grassroots and what good governance means to ordinary people. The book unravels the power of citizen engagement through the author's experiences of leading civil society campaigns against corruption and towards strengthening democratic participation of people. It also deals with the philosophical underpinnings of public policies, drawing from the author's on-the-ground experience as well as engagement with those in the higher echelons of policymaking and implementation. The last section of the book provides glimpses into milestones of a development movement; milestones that are responsible for a continued faith in citizen engagement despite the hindering forces.
Stephanie Ricker Schulte
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814708668
- eISBN:
- 9780814788684
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814708668.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter looks at the reemergence of representations of the Internet as democratic and as a vehicle of international freedom in the wake of blogs and social networking. The Internet continued to ...
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This chapter looks at the reemergence of representations of the Internet as democratic and as a vehicle of international freedom in the wake of blogs and social networking. The Internet continued to represent fluid and democratic participation even after commodification. Bloggers drew on individualist and democratic rhetoric suggesting that individuals could fill the vacuum left by skepticism about global and commercialized mass media. Imagined in news media as “unmediated” proxies of the blogger's self, the individual user-rebel and user-worker could blog their way out of both the American virtual nation and corpoNation. The chapter draws from the events of the Arab Spring, specifically the 2011 uprisings in Egypt which was referred to as the “Facebook Revolution.” As news media, policymakers and Egyptian citizens framed the Internet as an authentic, democratic space where nation-building occurred. This event also highlights the messiness that constitutes a virtual nation in the face of a transnational medium.Less
This chapter looks at the reemergence of representations of the Internet as democratic and as a vehicle of international freedom in the wake of blogs and social networking. The Internet continued to represent fluid and democratic participation even after commodification. Bloggers drew on individualist and democratic rhetoric suggesting that individuals could fill the vacuum left by skepticism about global and commercialized mass media. Imagined in news media as “unmediated” proxies of the blogger's self, the individual user-rebel and user-worker could blog their way out of both the American virtual nation and corpoNation. The chapter draws from the events of the Arab Spring, specifically the 2011 uprisings in Egypt which was referred to as the “Facebook Revolution.” As news media, policymakers and Egyptian citizens framed the Internet as an authentic, democratic space where nation-building occurred. This event also highlights the messiness that constitutes a virtual nation in the face of a transnational medium.
Aaron Kupchik
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520284197
- eISBN:
- 9780520959842
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520284197.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
This chapter turns to longer-term consequences of school punishment, asking how school suspension socializes young people into future roles as citizens. After discussing the powerful socializing ...
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This chapter turns to longer-term consequences of school punishment, asking how school suspension socializes young people into future roles as citizens. After discussing the powerful socializing effect of schools, where students are taught about their future roles as members of society, this chapter then presents quantitative analyses of nationally-representative data. The analyses show that students who are suspended in school are less likely to vote and volunteer in their communities years later, even after accounting for many factors known to shape one’s voting and volunteering behavior.Less
This chapter turns to longer-term consequences of school punishment, asking how school suspension socializes young people into future roles as citizens. After discussing the powerful socializing effect of schools, where students are taught about their future roles as members of society, this chapter then presents quantitative analyses of nationally-representative data. The analyses show that students who are suspended in school are less likely to vote and volunteer in their communities years later, even after accounting for many factors known to shape one’s voting and volunteering behavior.
Ebrahim Afsah
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199759880
- eISBN:
- 9780190259921
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199759880.003.0027
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
This chapter analyzes the challenges of establishing legitimate governance in post-conflict societies. It highlights the fact that the establishment of a stable political community that is not ...
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This chapter analyzes the challenges of establishing legitimate governance in post-conflict societies. It highlights the fact that the establishment of a stable political community that is not inordinately dependent on repressive violence rests ultimately on the voluntary acceptance by the populace of the given institutional order as legitimate. Increasingly, legitimacy is becoming tied to norms of democratic participation. But the commitment to majoritarian decision-making that lies at the heart of democracy will in and of itself not necessarily yield a stable polity without a modicum of liberalism. This, in turn, depends on a functioning institutional structure and learned behavioral patterns of compromise and legality.Less
This chapter analyzes the challenges of establishing legitimate governance in post-conflict societies. It highlights the fact that the establishment of a stable political community that is not inordinately dependent on repressive violence rests ultimately on the voluntary acceptance by the populace of the given institutional order as legitimate. Increasingly, legitimacy is becoming tied to norms of democratic participation. But the commitment to majoritarian decision-making that lies at the heart of democracy will in and of itself not necessarily yield a stable polity without a modicum of liberalism. This, in turn, depends on a functioning institutional structure and learned behavioral patterns of compromise and legality.
