- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226709178
- eISBN:
- 9780226709192
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226709192.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the history of biotechnology in Cuba. It discusses the lessons than can be learned from Cuba's experience. This chapter highlights the success ...
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This chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the history of biotechnology in Cuba. It discusses the lessons than can be learned from Cuba's experience. This chapter highlights the success of Cuba in condensing a globally disparate set of approaches to a biopharmaceutical substance into a deliverable medicine, in making a governmental rationality an element of methodology and in turning an obstacle into a tool, particularly the use of epidermal growth factor itself in anticancer therapies. It also argues that the conditioning of life science research under social and moral obligation of public interest has resulted in a very different life science industry in Cuba.Less
This chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the history of biotechnology in Cuba. It discusses the lessons than can be learned from Cuba's experience. This chapter highlights the success of Cuba in condensing a globally disparate set of approaches to a biopharmaceutical substance into a deliverable medicine, in making a governmental rationality an element of methodology and in turning an obstacle into a tool, particularly the use of epidermal growth factor itself in anticancer therapies. It also argues that the conditioning of life science research under social and moral obligation of public interest has resulted in a very different life science industry in Cuba.
Jean E. Schelhorn and Joan M. Herbers
- Published in print:
- 2022
- Published Online:
- February 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780197512715
- eISBN:
- 9780197512746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197512715.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Chapter 5 describes funding streams available for researchers and intellectual property (IP) obligations that accompany the award. The responsibility for initiating reports of inventions rests with ...
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Chapter 5 describes funding streams available for researchers and intellectual property (IP) obligations that accompany the award. The responsibility for initiating reports of inventions rests with the researcher, and thereafter other institutional offices become involved. The four major types of funding are intramural funds, external grants, industry sponsored agreement, and crowdfunding; they have variable expectations for how the results stemming from that funding can be commercialized. Consulting activity and special programs to promote commercialization such as I-Corps are treated briefly. Finally, we explore the crowdfunding environment, which has emerged as a source of early support for commercialization.Less
Chapter 5 describes funding streams available for researchers and intellectual property (IP) obligations that accompany the award. The responsibility for initiating reports of inventions rests with the researcher, and thereafter other institutional offices become involved. The four major types of funding are intramural funds, external grants, industry sponsored agreement, and crowdfunding; they have variable expectations for how the results stemming from that funding can be commercialized. Consulting activity and special programs to promote commercialization such as I-Corps are treated briefly. Finally, we explore the crowdfunding environment, which has emerged as a source of early support for commercialization.
Yuri G. Raydugin
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- October 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198844334
- eISBN:
- 9780191879883
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198844334.003.0011
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Analysis, Applied Mathematics
This chapter provides a high-level discussion on the project structure subsystem (PSS) through description of main typical ‘project parts’ and their interactions. Project deliverables, labour ...
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This chapter provides a high-level discussion on the project structure subsystem (PSS) through description of main typical ‘project parts’ and their interactions. Project deliverables, labour requirements, locations, technologies, interface points, and stakeholders are reviewed as ‘project parts’. A discussion on interactions in complex systems including risk interactions is reiterated to tell apart intra-risk interactions (internal risk amplifications) and cross-risk interactions (knock-on and compounding interactions). A role of interface points for propagation of cross-risk interactions is accentuated. High-level PSS description for simple, complicated, and complex projects is provided. Chaotic projects are considered complex projects that have been pushed to the edge of chaos and beyond due to overwhelming risk interactions.Less
This chapter provides a high-level discussion on the project structure subsystem (PSS) through description of main typical ‘project parts’ and their interactions. Project deliverables, labour requirements, locations, technologies, interface points, and stakeholders are reviewed as ‘project parts’. A discussion on interactions in complex systems including risk interactions is reiterated to tell apart intra-risk interactions (internal risk amplifications) and cross-risk interactions (knock-on and compounding interactions). A role of interface points for propagation of cross-risk interactions is accentuated. High-level PSS description for simple, complicated, and complex projects is provided. Chaotic projects are considered complex projects that have been pushed to the edge of chaos and beyond due to overwhelming risk interactions.
