John Kekes
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199588886
- eISBN:
- 9780191595448
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199588886.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
The system of values of the agent's society forms the external standard for judging the relative importance of the agent's commitments. There are three dimensions of value: universally human, ...
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The system of values of the agent's society forms the external standard for judging the relative importance of the agent's commitments. There are three dimensions of value: universally human, cultural that vary with societies and times; and personal that vary with individuals. Each dimension has a standard for judging the adequacy of the relevant values. Human values are adequate if they satisfy basic needs; cultural values are adequate if they provide a system of values that sustains the allegiance of the inhabitants of a society; and personal values are adequate if the conceptions of well‐being formed out of them enable individuals to live satisfying lives. These values conflict and our well‐being requires some way of settling their conflicts, but there is no universal principle for settling the conflicts; it can only be done by attending to the concrete features of particular conflicts. These features vary with circumstances and values.Less
The system of values of the agent's society forms the external standard for judging the relative importance of the agent's commitments. There are three dimensions of value: universally human, cultural that vary with societies and times; and personal that vary with individuals. Each dimension has a standard for judging the adequacy of the relevant values. Human values are adequate if they satisfy basic needs; cultural values are adequate if they provide a system of values that sustains the allegiance of the inhabitants of a society; and personal values are adequate if the conceptions of well‐being formed out of them enable individuals to live satisfying lives. These values conflict and our well‐being requires some way of settling their conflicts, but there is no universal principle for settling the conflicts; it can only be done by attending to the concrete features of particular conflicts. These features vary with circumstances and values.
Pippa Norris
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198295686
- eISBN:
- 9780191600043
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198295685.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Substantial cross‐national variations have been demonstrated in political support/institutional confidence; the aim of this chapter is to investigate why these major differences between countries ...
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Substantial cross‐national variations have been demonstrated in political support/institutional confidence; the aim of this chapter is to investigate why these major differences between countries exist. It identifies at least three separate schools of thought seeking to explain this phenomenon: the role of cultural values, government performance, and political institutions. Comparisons are made among a broad range of political systems, drawing on the 1981–4, 1990–1 and 1995–7 World Values Surveys, the Latinobarometer and the Eurobarometer, and various support hypotheses are advanced (support for the party in government; dependence on level of democratization; differences between presidential and parliamentary systems (executive structure); variation with party system; differences between federal and unitary state structures; and variation with electoral system) and tested. The findings indicate that institutional confidence is most likely to be highest in parliamentary democracies characterized by plurality electoral systems, two‐party or moderate multi‐party systems, and unitary states, and that these relationships are confirmed even after controlling for differences in levels of economic development and post‐material values; social background and education are also related to institutional confidence, while the influence of socioeconomic status and gender are very modest. The results replicate one of the main theoretical principles of Anderson and Guillory (1997)—that winners express more confidence in the system than losers, and they also show that majoritarian institutions tend to produce greater institutional confidence than consociational arrangements.Less
Substantial cross‐national variations have been demonstrated in political support/institutional confidence; the aim of this chapter is to investigate why these major differences between countries exist. It identifies at least three separate schools of thought seeking to explain this phenomenon: the role of cultural values, government performance, and political institutions. Comparisons are made among a broad range of political systems, drawing on the 1981–4, 1990–1 and 1995–7 World Values Surveys, the Latinobarometer and the Eurobarometer, and various support hypotheses are advanced (support for the party in government; dependence on level of democratization; differences between presidential and parliamentary systems (executive structure); variation with party system; differences between federal and unitary state structures; and variation with electoral system) and tested. The findings indicate that institutional confidence is most likely to be highest in parliamentary democracies characterized by plurality electoral systems, two‐party or moderate multi‐party systems, and unitary states, and that these relationships are confirmed even after controlling for differences in levels of economic development and post‐material values; social background and education are also related to institutional confidence, while the influence of socioeconomic status and gender are very modest. The results replicate one of the main theoretical principles of Anderson and Guillory (1997)—that winners express more confidence in the system than losers, and they also show that majoritarian institutions tend to produce greater institutional confidence than consociational arrangements.
William L. Blizek and Michele Desmarais
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195335989
- eISBN:
- 9780199868940
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195335989.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter is a discussion of four basic methods in teaching religion and film: 1) using religion to offer new interpretations of movies; 2) using movies to critique religions or religious ideas; ...
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This chapter is a discussion of four basic methods in teaching religion and film: 1) using religion to offer new interpretations of movies; 2) using movies to critique religions or religious ideas; 3) using movies to promote religion; and 4) using movies to promote cultural values. Attention to these differences is helpful both for planning a course on religion and film and for helping students negotiate the terrain between religion and film.Less
This chapter is a discussion of four basic methods in teaching religion and film: 1) using religion to offer new interpretations of movies; 2) using movies to critique religions or religious ideas; 3) using movies to promote religion; and 4) using movies to promote cultural values. Attention to these differences is helpful both for planning a course on religion and film and for helping students negotiate the terrain between religion and film.
Cheris Shun-ching Chan
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195394078
- eISBN:
- 9780199951154
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195394078.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
Based on an extensive ethnography of the emergence of commercial life insurance in China, this book examines how culture impacts economic practice. It details how a Chinese life insurance market is ...
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Based on an extensive ethnography of the emergence of commercial life insurance in China, this book examines how culture impacts economic practice. It details how a Chinese life insurance market is created in the presence of an ingrained Chinese cultural taboo on the topic of death. It documents how transnational insurance firms, led by AIG’s subsidiary AIA, introduced commercial life insurance to Chinese urbanites, and how they were confronted with local resistance to the risk management concept of life insurance. It compares the organizational strategies of the transnational and the newly emerged domestic insurance firms, analyzing why they adopted disparate strategies to deal with the same local cultural resistance. It further compares the management styles of individual firms headed by executives of different origins, explaining why some were more effective in managing and motivating the local sales agents. It describes how sales agents mobilized various cultural tool-kits to prompt sales, and how potential buyers negotiated with life insurers regarding the meaning of life insurance, and the kinds of products they preferred. The book argues that these dynamics and micro-politics produced a Chinese life insurance market with a specific developmental trajectory. The market first emerged with a money management, instead of risk management, character. As the local cultural tool-kit enabled insurance practitioners to circumvent local resistance to achieve sales, local cultural values shaped the characteristics of the emergent market. This analysis sheds light on the dynamics through which modern capitalist enterprises are diffused to regions with different cultural traditions.Less
Based on an extensive ethnography of the emergence of commercial life insurance in China, this book examines how culture impacts economic practice. It details how a Chinese life insurance market is created in the presence of an ingrained Chinese cultural taboo on the topic of death. It documents how transnational insurance firms, led by AIG’s subsidiary AIA, introduced commercial life insurance to Chinese urbanites, and how they were confronted with local resistance to the risk management concept of life insurance. It compares the organizational strategies of the transnational and the newly emerged domestic insurance firms, analyzing why they adopted disparate strategies to deal with the same local cultural resistance. It further compares the management styles of individual firms headed by executives of different origins, explaining why some were more effective in managing and motivating the local sales agents. It describes how sales agents mobilized various cultural tool-kits to prompt sales, and how potential buyers negotiated with life insurers regarding the meaning of life insurance, and the kinds of products they preferred. The book argues that these dynamics and micro-politics produced a Chinese life insurance market with a specific developmental trajectory. The market first emerged with a money management, instead of risk management, character. As the local cultural tool-kit enabled insurance practitioners to circumvent local resistance to achieve sales, local cultural values shaped the characteristics of the emergent market. This analysis sheds light on the dynamics through which modern capitalist enterprises are diffused to regions with different cultural traditions.
Anna Wierzbicka
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195174748
- eISBN:
- 9780199788514
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195174748.003.0004
- Subject:
- Linguistics, English Language
This chapter investigates, in a historical and cultural perspective, the meaning of the word reasonable, and in particular, of the phrases reasonable man and reasonable doubt, which play an important ...
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This chapter investigates, in a historical and cultural perspective, the meaning of the word reasonable, and in particular, of the phrases reasonable man and reasonable doubt, which play an important role in Anglo-American law. Drawing on studies of the British Enlightenment such as Porter (2000), it traces the modern English concept of “reasonableness” back to the intellectual revolution brought about by the writings of John Locke, who (as Porter says) “replaced rationalism with reasonableness, in a manner which became programmatic for the Enlightenment in Britain”. The chapter also argues that the meaning of the word reasonable has changed over the last two centuries and that as a result, the meaning of phrases like reasonable man and beyond reasonable doubt has also changed. It further argues that since these phrases were continually in use for over two centuries and became entrenched in Anglo-American law as well as in ordinary language, and since the older meaning of reasonable is no longer known to most speakers, the change has, generally speaking, gone unnoticed. The chapter also shows how the meaning of the English word reasonable differs from that of the French word raisonable, and how semantic differences of this kind reflect differences in cultural ideals, traditions, and attitudes.Less
This chapter investigates, in a historical and cultural perspective, the meaning of the word reasonable, and in particular, of the phrases reasonable man and reasonable doubt, which play an important role in Anglo-American law. Drawing on studies of the British Enlightenment such as Porter (2000), it traces the modern English concept of “reasonableness” back to the intellectual revolution brought about by the writings of John Locke, who (as Porter says) “replaced rationalism with reasonableness, in a manner which became programmatic for the Enlightenment in Britain”. The chapter also argues that the meaning of the word reasonable has changed over the last two centuries and that as a result, the meaning of phrases like reasonable man and beyond reasonable doubt has also changed. It further argues that since these phrases were continually in use for over two centuries and became entrenched in Anglo-American law as well as in ordinary language, and since the older meaning of reasonable is no longer known to most speakers, the change has, generally speaking, gone unnoticed. The chapter also shows how the meaning of the English word reasonable differs from that of the French word raisonable, and how semantic differences of this kind reflect differences in cultural ideals, traditions, and attitudes.
Gregory J. Watkins
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195335989
- eISBN:
- 9780199868940
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195335989.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
In a culture increasingly focused on visual media, the use of movies in religious studies and theology classrooms has far outpaced both the scholarship on religion and film and the study of ...
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In a culture increasingly focused on visual media, the use of movies in religious studies and theology classrooms has far outpaced both the scholarship on religion and film and the study of pedagogical practices in the field. This volume makes great strides on both fronts. The seventeen contributors to this volume, many of them leaders in this area, provide an overview of the main approaches to religion and film studies, argue for advancements in theoretical approaches, and consider the practical realities of teaching religion and film. Part I presents general categories for thinking about the intersection between religion and film, as well as an argument for an emerging line of theoretical inquiry. The chapters in Part II examine the use of film in teaching religious traditions, whether movies are seen from the critical perspective of particular religious traditions or are used to teach the traditions themselves. Part III focuses on the use of film in the religious studies classroom, where religion or theories of religion are more generally addressed. Part IV considers the promise and challenge of using films to teach critical perspectives on fundamental human values, whether films are seen as vehicles for bringing stories into the classroom or as powerful indicators of a culture's core values.Less
In a culture increasingly focused on visual media, the use of movies in religious studies and theology classrooms has far outpaced both the scholarship on religion and film and the study of pedagogical practices in the field. This volume makes great strides on both fronts. The seventeen contributors to this volume, many of them leaders in this area, provide an overview of the main approaches to religion and film studies, argue for advancements in theoretical approaches, and consider the practical realities of teaching religion and film. Part I presents general categories for thinking about the intersection between religion and film, as well as an argument for an emerging line of theoretical inquiry. The chapters in Part II examine the use of film in teaching religious traditions, whether movies are seen from the critical perspective of particular religious traditions or are used to teach the traditions themselves. Part III focuses on the use of film in the religious studies classroom, where religion or theories of religion are more generally addressed. Part IV considers the promise and challenge of using films to teach critical perspectives on fundamental human values, whether films are seen as vehicles for bringing stories into the classroom or as powerful indicators of a culture's core values.
Sabina Alkire
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199245796
- eISBN:
- 9780191600838
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199245797.003.0004
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Each of the four chapters of Part I of the book synthesizes one aspect that must be specified in the operationalization of the capability approach, then proposes a framework for doing so. This fourth ...
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Each of the four chapters of Part I of the book synthesizes one aspect that must be specified in the operationalization of the capability approach, then proposes a framework for doing so. This fourth chapter considers the relationship between choice, self‐direction, and the construction of cultural values and identities. It analyses the different possible values of community participation in poverty reduction initiatives, and also draws out considerations regarding the responsibilities that outside actors may have in generating and providing to decision‐makers the information necessary to make informed choices. It draws Amartya Sen's capability approach into discussion with the participatory processes that have been common in micro‐economic development initiatives, and that are becoming increasingly popular in macroeconomic approaches as well, and, in particular, focuses on community participation in development activities that are partly supported by resources external to the community, whether these be from regional or national government, NGOs, or other sources. The main sections of the chapter are: Participation: Means, Ends, Debate, and Identity; Subsidiarity; and External Assistance.Less
Each of the four chapters of Part I of the book synthesizes one aspect that must be specified in the operationalization of the capability approach, then proposes a framework for doing so. This fourth chapter considers the relationship between choice, self‐direction, and the construction of cultural values and identities. It analyses the different possible values of community participation in poverty reduction initiatives, and also draws out considerations regarding the responsibilities that outside actors may have in generating and providing to decision‐makers the information necessary to make informed choices. It draws Amartya Sen's capability approach into discussion with the participatory processes that have been common in micro‐economic development initiatives, and that are becoming increasingly popular in macroeconomic approaches as well, and, in particular, focuses on community participation in development activities that are partly supported by resources external to the community, whether these be from regional or national government, NGOs, or other sources. The main sections of the chapter are: Participation: Means, Ends, Debate, and Identity; Subsidiarity; and External Assistance.
Cheris Shun-ching Chan
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195394078
- eISBN:
- 9780199951154
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195394078.003.0000
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
The life insurance business has been growing rapidly in China in recent years, despite complaints by insurance sales agents about the local public’s resistance to discussing death or misfortune. This ...
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The life insurance business has been growing rapidly in China in recent years, despite complaints by insurance sales agents about the local public’s resistance to discussing death or misfortune. This empirical puzzle serves as a starting point for the book. The introductory chapter poses empirical and theoretical questions, lays out the analytical framework, presents the methodology, and highlights the academic values of the case. It discusses Viviana Zelizer’s insights about the role of cultural values in suppressing the development of American life insurance in the first half of the 19th century, and addresses the questions left unanswered by her argument. In particular, it considers how modern enterprises originating in western contexts can expand to places with different cultural traditions, if cultural values can suppress a market from emerging. To address this question, an analytical framework that incorporates both the classical concept of culture (emphasizing values and ideas) and the tool-kit concept of culture (highlighting practicality), is proposed, laying the groundwork for the analysis in subsequent chapters.Less
The life insurance business has been growing rapidly in China in recent years, despite complaints by insurance sales agents about the local public’s resistance to discussing death or misfortune. This empirical puzzle serves as a starting point for the book. The introductory chapter poses empirical and theoretical questions, lays out the analytical framework, presents the methodology, and highlights the academic values of the case. It discusses Viviana Zelizer’s insights about the role of cultural values in suppressing the development of American life insurance in the first half of the 19th century, and addresses the questions left unanswered by her argument. In particular, it considers how modern enterprises originating in western contexts can expand to places with different cultural traditions, if cultural values can suppress a market from emerging. To address this question, an analytical framework that incorporates both the classical concept of culture (emphasizing values and ideas) and the tool-kit concept of culture (highlighting practicality), is proposed, laying the groundwork for the analysis in subsequent chapters.
Xinyin Chen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195383430
- eISBN:
- 9780199827176
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195383430.003.0005
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Cultural norms and values play an important role in shaping the processes of peer interactions, the structural and functional features of friendships and groups, and behavioral antecedents and ...
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Cultural norms and values play an important role in shaping the processes of peer interactions, the structural and functional features of friendships and groups, and behavioral antecedents and concomitants of peer acceptance and rejection. By organizing these aspects of peer relationships, culture provides particular social contexts for children and adolescents to develop their socioemotional characteristics and cognitive abilities according to socialization goals. This chapter discusses a contextual-developmental perspective focusing on the role of peer interaction in bridging culture and socioemotional development. According to this perspective, cultural norms and values provide a basis for social evaluative processes in peer interaction, which in turn serve to regulate individual behavior. Culture also guides the social interaction processes by specifying the nature and function of different peer contexts such as friendships and groups in which interaction occurs.Less
Cultural norms and values play an important role in shaping the processes of peer interactions, the structural and functional features of friendships and groups, and behavioral antecedents and concomitants of peer acceptance and rejection. By organizing these aspects of peer relationships, culture provides particular social contexts for children and adolescents to develop their socioemotional characteristics and cognitive abilities according to socialization goals. This chapter discusses a contextual-developmental perspective focusing on the role of peer interaction in bridging culture and socioemotional development. According to this perspective, cultural norms and values provide a basis for social evaluative processes in peer interaction, which in turn serve to regulate individual behavior. Culture also guides the social interaction processes by specifying the nature and function of different peer contexts such as friendships and groups in which interaction occurs.
Gregory J. Watkins
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195335989
- eISBN:
- 9780199868940
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195335989.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
After discussing the need for a volume of this kind, this chapter introduces the collection of articles in this book by explaining the organization of the volume into its four parts: basic approaches ...
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After discussing the need for a volume of this kind, this chapter introduces the collection of articles in this book by explaining the organization of the volume into its four parts: basic approaches to religion and film; religious traditions and film; the religious studies approach; and cultural values and film. It also presents a brief introduction to all seventeen chapters and to the contributors of those chapters.Less
After discussing the need for a volume of this kind, this chapter introduces the collection of articles in this book by explaining the organization of the volume into its four parts: basic approaches to religion and film; religious traditions and film; the religious studies approach; and cultural values and film. It also presents a brief introduction to all seventeen chapters and to the contributors of those chapters.
Harlan Lane, Richard C. Pillard, and Ulf Hedberg
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199759293
- eISBN:
- 9780199863372
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199759293.003.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
Chapter 1 compares the culture of the Deaf-World to cultural properties of ethnic groups. The terms of comparison include language, bonding to one's kind, cultural rules and values, social ...
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Chapter 1 compares the culture of the Deaf-World to cultural properties of ethnic groups. The terms of comparison include language, bonding to one's kind, cultural rules and values, social institutions, language arts, visual arts, history, ethnic heritage sites, kinship, and socialization. In order to undertake this study of Deaf ethnicity, it was necessary to distinguish Deaf ASL signers from the much larger and more heterogeneous group of more than ten million hearing-impaired Americans who communicate primarily in English or another oral language. Most of the people in this larger group do not see themselves as members of a sign-language minority nor do they participate in its organizations, profess its values, or follow its customs; rather, they consider themselves hearing people with a hearing disability. This book is about the smaller group, one among several that make up the Deaf community—specifically, Deaf signers of ASL.Less
Chapter 1 compares the culture of the Deaf-World to cultural properties of ethnic groups. The terms of comparison include language, bonding to one's kind, cultural rules and values, social institutions, language arts, visual arts, history, ethnic heritage sites, kinship, and socialization. In order to undertake this study of Deaf ethnicity, it was necessary to distinguish Deaf ASL signers from the much larger and more heterogeneous group of more than ten million hearing-impaired Americans who communicate primarily in English or another oral language. Most of the people in this larger group do not see themselves as members of a sign-language minority nor do they participate in its organizations, profess its values, or follow its customs; rather, they consider themselves hearing people with a hearing disability. This book is about the smaller group, one among several that make up the Deaf community—specifically, Deaf signers of ASL.
Virginia Morrow and Jo Boyden
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199558582
- eISBN:
- 9780191594397
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558582.003.0006
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
Drawing on a number of studies and commentaries, this chapter explores how social and cultural values related to child development, gender, marriage, religion, and ethnicity may affect children's ...
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Drawing on a number of studies and commentaries, this chapter explores how social and cultural values related to child development, gender, marriage, religion, and ethnicity may affect children's labour in low-income countries. An understanding of the social and cultural contexts in which children's work takes place is crucial in order to address hazardous child labour. This does not mean that hazardous labour is acceptable because it is socially or culturally sanctioned. Rather, it is important to understand and acknowledge the perceptions of adults and children about early work in order to effectively engage communities. Children's involvement in work, whether hazardous or not, may be understood as an important mechanism through which children are integrated into their communities, facilitating their transitions to adulthood, as well as the acquisition of skills and knowledge that ensure basic survival.Less
Drawing on a number of studies and commentaries, this chapter explores how social and cultural values related to child development, gender, marriage, religion, and ethnicity may affect children's labour in low-income countries. An understanding of the social and cultural contexts in which children's work takes place is crucial in order to address hazardous child labour. This does not mean that hazardous labour is acceptable because it is socially or culturally sanctioned. Rather, it is important to understand and acknowledge the perceptions of adults and children about early work in order to effectively engage communities. Children's involvement in work, whether hazardous or not, may be understood as an important mechanism through which children are integrated into their communities, facilitating their transitions to adulthood, as well as the acquisition of skills and knowledge that ensure basic survival.
Melvin Delgado
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195301182
- eISBN:
- 9780199863679
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195301182.003.0009
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
This epilogue focuses on the lessons learned in planning and implementing a cultural assets paradigm with Latinos. It identifies overarching themes related to the use of this paradigm, drawing from ...
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This epilogue focuses on the lessons learned in planning and implementing a cultural assets paradigm with Latinos. It identifies overarching themes related to the use of this paradigm, drawing from the case studies presented in Chapter 8, along with theoretical matters covered in the literature. The chapter presents key factors, issues, and considerations that emerged through the writing of this book, with implications for future social work practice.Less
This epilogue focuses on the lessons learned in planning and implementing a cultural assets paradigm with Latinos. It identifies overarching themes related to the use of this paradigm, drawing from the case studies presented in Chapter 8, along with theoretical matters covered in the literature. The chapter presents key factors, issues, and considerations that emerged through the writing of this book, with implications for future social work practice.
David L. Weaver-Zercher
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- July 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195170382
- eISBN:
- 9780199835669
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195170385.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This essay discusses cultural narratives that shape both American society and Anabaptist scholarship. A key cultural narrative for most Americans is that their nation is at or near the center of ...
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This essay discusses cultural narratives that shape both American society and Anabaptist scholarship. A key cultural narrative for most Americans is that their nation is at or near the center of God’s purposes. Anabaptist scholars often display a counter-cultural stance toward the American narrative because their own Anabaptist cultural values emphasize nonviolence and commitment to the poor.Less
This essay discusses cultural narratives that shape both American society and Anabaptist scholarship. A key cultural narrative for most Americans is that their nation is at or near the center of God’s purposes. Anabaptist scholars often display a counter-cultural stance toward the American narrative because their own Anabaptist cultural values emphasize nonviolence and commitment to the poor.
Eric T. Freyfogle
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813124391
- eISBN:
- 9780813134888
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813124391.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
With land-related ailments, such as soil erosion and loss of wildlife habitat, quickly growing into a major global threat, simply adopting a more environment-friendly lifestyle or disconnecting from ...
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With land-related ailments, such as soil erosion and loss of wildlife habitat, quickly growing into a major global threat, simply adopting a more environment-friendly lifestyle or disconnecting from the grid and living off the land are no longer adequate solutions. Affecting change at the level of individual behavior is just too difficult and would take much too long. This book suggests a middle course based on sound cultural values that provide a new way of viewing and valuing land. This middle course recognizes man's interdependence with nature and each other, focusing on the social and cultural roots rather than just the visible symptoms of the problem.Less
With land-related ailments, such as soil erosion and loss of wildlife habitat, quickly growing into a major global threat, simply adopting a more environment-friendly lifestyle or disconnecting from the grid and living off the land are no longer adequate solutions. Affecting change at the level of individual behavior is just too difficult and would take much too long. This book suggests a middle course based on sound cultural values that provide a new way of viewing and valuing land. This middle course recognizes man's interdependence with nature and each other, focusing on the social and cultural roots rather than just the visible symptoms of the problem.
GILLIAN RUSSELL
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198122630
- eISBN:
- 9780191671500
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198122630.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Drama
The pageant which concluded the entertainment on 12 February 1798 at Covent Garden Theatre entailed the depiction of several scenes which accounted for some of the crucial events in British history, ...
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The pageant which concluded the entertainment on 12 February 1798 at Covent Garden Theatre entailed the depiction of several scenes which accounted for some of the crucial events in British history, and was performed during one of the fundamental crisis points in the war. The pageant began by portraying two kings, Caractacus and Alfred, and emphasized the need for the country to be unified, then proceeded with illustrating the ‘triumphs of Agincourt’. The performance was viewed to be aimed at the females in the audience, since Britannia presides over the pageant, while women were shown as helpmeets to the efforts against France. More importantly, the pageant suggests the prevailing cultural and literary values attributed to the patent theatres. As such, we recognize that drama had been able to construct British history and patriotism throughout the eighteenth century.Less
The pageant which concluded the entertainment on 12 February 1798 at Covent Garden Theatre entailed the depiction of several scenes which accounted for some of the crucial events in British history, and was performed during one of the fundamental crisis points in the war. The pageant began by portraying two kings, Caractacus and Alfred, and emphasized the need for the country to be unified, then proceeded with illustrating the ‘triumphs of Agincourt’. The performance was viewed to be aimed at the females in the audience, since Britannia presides over the pageant, while women were shown as helpmeets to the efforts against France. More importantly, the pageant suggests the prevailing cultural and literary values attributed to the patent theatres. As such, we recognize that drama had been able to construct British history and patriotism throughout the eighteenth century.
Jieyun Wendy Feng and Doreen Wu
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622098114
- eISBN:
- 9789882206830
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622098114.003.0005
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter examines the cultural values and changes in mainland China on the basis of empirical research of Web advertisements. It describes the characteristics and the use of value appeals in Web ...
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This chapter examines the cultural values and changes in mainland China on the basis of empirical research of Web advertisements. It describes the characteristics and the use of value appeals in Web advertisements and explains how the cultural trends of mainland China are reflected in Web advertisements. The analysis reveals that the dominant value appeals in Web advertisements are Western values rather than Eastern values, indicating a trend of progressive westernization in young people in China.Less
This chapter examines the cultural values and changes in mainland China on the basis of empirical research of Web advertisements. It describes the characteristics and the use of value appeals in Web advertisements and explains how the cultural trends of mainland China are reflected in Web advertisements. The analysis reveals that the dominant value appeals in Web advertisements are Western values rather than Eastern values, indicating a trend of progressive westernization in young people in China.
Lynda Mugglestone
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199250622
- eISBN:
- 9780191719486
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250622.003.0007
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics, Phonetics / Phonology
This chapter shows how the ideal of the ‘literate speaker’, defined in terms of social, cultural, as well as linguistic values, was adopted as an important tenet of phonemic propriety within many ...
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This chapter shows how the ideal of the ‘literate speaker’, defined in terms of social, cultural, as well as linguistic values, was adopted as an important tenet of phonemic propriety within many works on language published during the late 18th and 19th centuries. Resulting notions of ‘literacy’ were applied to spoken as well as written forms, regularly influencing popular images of correctness. As Thomas Sheridan in 1762 had, for example, adjured, ‘good’ speech was to be dependent upon ‘giving every letter in a syllable its due proportion of sound, according to the most approved custom of pronouncing it’.Less
This chapter shows how the ideal of the ‘literate speaker’, defined in terms of social, cultural, as well as linguistic values, was adopted as an important tenet of phonemic propriety within many works on language published during the late 18th and 19th centuries. Resulting notions of ‘literacy’ were applied to spoken as well as written forms, regularly influencing popular images of correctness. As Thomas Sheridan in 1762 had, for example, adjured, ‘good’ speech was to be dependent upon ‘giving every letter in a syllable its due proportion of sound, according to the most approved custom of pronouncing it’.
Luis H. Zayas
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199734726
- eISBN:
- 9780199894826
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734726.003.0004
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
This chapter is about young Latinas and their families in ordinary circumstances. It is not an exhaustive description description of growing up Latina in the U.S. Instead, the chapter covers a small ...
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This chapter is about young Latinas and their families in ordinary circumstances. It is not an exhaustive description description of growing up Latina in the U.S. Instead, the chapter covers a small part of their lives, those aspects of growing up within the family and in a broader, rapidly changing world. It is the family context that sets the basis for looking at the Hispanic daughter in the U.S., girls with a foot in each of two cultures.Less
This chapter is about young Latinas and their families in ordinary circumstances. It is not an exhaustive description description of growing up Latina in the U.S. Instead, the chapter covers a small part of their lives, those aspects of growing up within the family and in a broader, rapidly changing world. It is the family context that sets the basis for looking at the Hispanic daughter in the U.S., girls with a foot in each of two cultures.
Tom Shippey
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781781382615
- eISBN:
- 9781786945167
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781382615.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
The relativity of cultural values is effectively axiomatic in modern cultural anthropology. But if cultures are relative, can they not be compared, critiqued, and evaluated? Is there any basis for ...
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The relativity of cultural values is effectively axiomatic in modern cultural anthropology. But if cultures are relative, can they not be compared, critiqued, and evaluated? Is there any basis for the belief that modern liberal democracy is the best solution for humanity as a whole? In this chapter science fiction is seen as presenting a series of test cases. In some stories, science is portrayed as another type of superstition. In apocalyptic stories, moral values are suggested to be inappropriate for changed circumstances. Most strikingly, in many stories the possibility is raised of social engineering to effect desired cultural changes, with in most cases undesired and unexpected consequences. Science fiction offers both self-assertion and self-questioning in ways more probing and more painful than commonly realised.Less
The relativity of cultural values is effectively axiomatic in modern cultural anthropology. But if cultures are relative, can they not be compared, critiqued, and evaluated? Is there any basis for the belief that modern liberal democracy is the best solution for humanity as a whole? In this chapter science fiction is seen as presenting a series of test cases. In some stories, science is portrayed as another type of superstition. In apocalyptic stories, moral values are suggested to be inappropriate for changed circumstances. Most strikingly, in many stories the possibility is raised of social engineering to effect desired cultural changes, with in most cases undesired and unexpected consequences. Science fiction offers both self-assertion and self-questioning in ways more probing and more painful than commonly realised.
