Thanh V. Tran
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195325089
- eISBN:
- 9780199864515
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195325089.003.0004
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
Both adopting and adapting existing research instruments often require the translation of the selected instrument from a source language to a target language. Cross-cultural translation is one of the ...
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Both adopting and adapting existing research instruments often require the translation of the selected instrument from a source language to a target language. Cross-cultural translation is one of the major tasks in cross-cultural research. The task of translation becomes more challenging when an instrument is translated into two or more target languages simultaneously. The process of adopting and adapting existing research instruments involves (1) reviewing existing cross-cultural translation approaches and offering the reader practical guidelines; (2) employing a multilevel translation process encompassing back-translation, expert evaluation, cognitive interviews, focus group evaluation, and field evaluation; and (3) evaluating the translation of the adopted or adapted instruments.Less
Both adopting and adapting existing research instruments often require the translation of the selected instrument from a source language to a target language. Cross-cultural translation is one of the major tasks in cross-cultural research. The task of translation becomes more challenging when an instrument is translated into two or more target languages simultaneously. The process of adopting and adapting existing research instruments involves (1) reviewing existing cross-cultural translation approaches and offering the reader practical guidelines; (2) employing a multilevel translation process encompassing back-translation, expert evaluation, cognitive interviews, focus group evaluation, and field evaluation; and (3) evaluating the translation of the adopted or adapted instruments.
Neil Abell, David W. Springer, and Akihito Kamata
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195333367
- eISBN:
- 9780199864300
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195333367.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This book provides an overview of scale and test development. From conceptualization through design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation, critical concerns are identified and grounded in ...
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This book provides an overview of scale and test development. From conceptualization through design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation, critical concerns are identified and grounded in the increasingly sophisticated psychometric literature. Measurement within the health, social, and behavioral sciences is addressed, and technical and practical guidance is provided. Acknowledging the increasingly sophisticated contributions in social work, psychology, education, nursing, and medicine, the book balances condensation of complex conceptual challenges with focused recommendations for conceiving, planning, and implementing psychometric study. Primary points are carefully referenced and consistently illustrated to illuminate complicated or abstract principles. Basics of construct conceptualization and establishing evidence of validity are complimented with introductions to concept mapping and cross-cultural translation. In-depth discussion of cutting edge topics like bias and invariance in item responses is provided. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic strategies are illustrated and critiqued, and step-by-step guidance is offered for anticipating elements of a complete data collection instrument, determining sampling frame and size, and interpreting resulting coefficients. Much good work has been done by RAI developers to date. Too often, practitioners or researchers either underestimate the skills and effort required, or become overwhelmed by the complexities involved.Less
This book provides an overview of scale and test development. From conceptualization through design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation, critical concerns are identified and grounded in the increasingly sophisticated psychometric literature. Measurement within the health, social, and behavioral sciences is addressed, and technical and practical guidance is provided. Acknowledging the increasingly sophisticated contributions in social work, psychology, education, nursing, and medicine, the book balances condensation of complex conceptual challenges with focused recommendations for conceiving, planning, and implementing psychometric study. Primary points are carefully referenced and consistently illustrated to illuminate complicated or abstract principles. Basics of construct conceptualization and establishing evidence of validity are complimented with introductions to concept mapping and cross-cultural translation. In-depth discussion of cutting edge topics like bias and invariance in item responses is provided. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic strategies are illustrated and critiqued, and step-by-step guidance is offered for anticipating elements of a complete data collection instrument, determining sampling frame and size, and interpreting resulting coefficients. Much good work has been done by RAI developers to date. Too often, practitioners or researchers either underestimate the skills and effort required, or become overwhelmed by the complexities involved.
C. Kavin Rowe
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195377873
- eISBN:
- 9780199869459
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195377873.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
Reading Acts as lively political theology in its time necessarily raises questions that directly relate to several crucial contemporary problems. Indeed, the argument is that engaging Acts in this ...
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Reading Acts as lively political theology in its time necessarily raises questions that directly relate to several crucial contemporary problems. Indeed, the argument is that engaging Acts in this way offers significant resources on which modern thinkers can draw to understand conflicts that arise in light of profoundly different schemes of life. “God,” “tolerance,” “diversity,” “culture,” and “religious violence” are words that explicitly point to issues requiring sustained and refined reflection in the 21st century. After a condensed exposition of the reading of Acts given in Chapters 2 through 4, therefore, this final chapter pursues several critical questions that attend the interrelation between claims to universal truth about God and the politics they produce (e.g., the nature of religious truth, the relation between normative truth claims and tolerance of the religious other, the political significance of polytheism, etc.).Less
Reading Acts as lively political theology in its time necessarily raises questions that directly relate to several crucial contemporary problems. Indeed, the argument is that engaging Acts in this way offers significant resources on which modern thinkers can draw to understand conflicts that arise in light of profoundly different schemes of life. “God,” “tolerance,” “diversity,” “culture,” and “religious violence” are words that explicitly point to issues requiring sustained and refined reflection in the 21st century. After a condensed exposition of the reading of Acts given in Chapters 2 through 4, therefore, this final chapter pursues several critical questions that attend the interrelation between claims to universal truth about God and the politics they produce (e.g., the nature of religious truth, the relation between normative truth claims and tolerance of the religious other, the political significance of polytheism, etc.).
Waïl S Hassan
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199792061
- eISBN:
- 9780199919239
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199792061.003.0000
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Arab immigrant literature can be interpreted in light of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s theory of minor literature, but that theory must be supplemented by postcolonial and translation theory so ...
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Arab immigrant literature can be interpreted in light of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s theory of minor literature, but that theory must be supplemented by postcolonial and translation theory so as to account for the role that Orientalism plays in shaping the conditions of reception and the discourse of Arab-American and Arab-British writers.Less
Arab immigrant literature can be interpreted in light of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s theory of minor literature, but that theory must be supplemented by postcolonial and translation theory so as to account for the role that Orientalism plays in shaping the conditions of reception and the discourse of Arab-American and Arab-British writers.
Andrew N. Rubin
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691154152
- eISBN:
- 9781400842179
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691154152.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This introductory chapter discusses several iterations of militarized Orientalism and the function that it has continued to serve in military zones of rapid cultural translation. Such instances not ...
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This introductory chapter discusses several iterations of militarized Orientalism and the function that it has continued to serve in military zones of rapid cultural translation. Such instances not only show how brazen the connection between power and knowledge has become in our culture, but also evince how profoundly the modalities for understanding have become instruments of power. The chapter briefly traces the genealogy of this view in the early years of the Cold War and describes the formidable structures and conjunctures of cultural domination, as well as the cultural mechanisms by which the United States rearticulated the discourse of British colonialism through the institutions and discourses of anticommunism.Less
This introductory chapter discusses several iterations of militarized Orientalism and the function that it has continued to serve in military zones of rapid cultural translation. Such instances not only show how brazen the connection between power and knowledge has become in our culture, but also evince how profoundly the modalities for understanding have become instruments of power. The chapter briefly traces the genealogy of this view in the early years of the Cold War and describes the formidable structures and conjunctures of cultural domination, as well as the cultural mechanisms by which the United States rearticulated the discourse of British colonialism through the institutions and discourses of anticommunism.
Jessica Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099210
- eISBN:
- 9789882207042
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099210.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This study of the entire written works of Gao Xingjian, China's first winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, analyses each group of his writing and argues for a reading of Gao's writing as a ...
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This study of the entire written works of Gao Xingjian, China's first winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, analyses each group of his writing and argues for a reading of Gao's writing as a phenomenon of “cultural translation”—his adoption of modernism in the 1980s is a translation of the European literary paradigm, and his attempt at postmodernist writing in the 1990s and 2000s is the effect of an exilic nihilism expressive of a diasporic subjectivity struggling to translate himself into his host culture. This book looks at Gao's works from a double perspective—in terms of their relevance both to China and to the West. Avoiding the common polarized approaches to Gao's works, this book's dual approach means that it neither extols them as the most brilliant works of contemporary Chinese literature eligible for elevation to the metaphysical level, nor dismisses them as nothing more than elitist and misogynist mediocre writings; rather the book sees this important body of work in a more nuanced way.Less
This study of the entire written works of Gao Xingjian, China's first winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, analyses each group of his writing and argues for a reading of Gao's writing as a phenomenon of “cultural translation”—his adoption of modernism in the 1980s is a translation of the European literary paradigm, and his attempt at postmodernist writing in the 1990s and 2000s is the effect of an exilic nihilism expressive of a diasporic subjectivity struggling to translate himself into his host culture. This book looks at Gao's works from a double perspective—in terms of their relevance both to China and to the West. Avoiding the common polarized approaches to Gao's works, this book's dual approach means that it neither extols them as the most brilliant works of contemporary Chinese literature eligible for elevation to the metaphysical level, nor dismisses them as nothing more than elitist and misogynist mediocre writings; rather the book sees this important body of work in a more nuanced way.
Michael J. Franklin
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199532001
- eISBN:
- 9780191730900
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199532001.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Asian History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter charts the enraptured response of European Romanticism to Jones's translation of Kālidāsa's Śakuntalā. This play utterly changed Europe's conception of India. A revolutionary ...
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This chapter charts the enraptured response of European Romanticism to Jones's translation of Kālidāsa's Śakuntalā. This play utterly changed Europe's conception of India. A revolutionary contribution to Orientalism, Sacontalá received, in the century following its publication, no fewer than forty-six translations in twelve different languages. Mary Wollstonecraft, reviewing the London edition of 1790, discovered delicacy, refinement, and a pure morality in Sacontalá, the very qualities Jones was anxious to stress in his representation of Hindu culture. The warm reception given by the British reviews appears tepid by comparison with the rapturous German response. Goethe, Herder, Majer and the Schlegels compete in rhapsodizing upon its artistic harmony, its mingling of poetry and nature, the devotional and the erotic. The accuracy and sensitivity of Jones's translation of both Śakuntalā and Jayadeva's Gítagóvinda compare favourably with modern translations. Gítagóvinda was received in a mood of European bhakti as a key to universal religionLess
This chapter charts the enraptured response of European Romanticism to Jones's translation of Kālidāsa's Śakuntalā. This play utterly changed Europe's conception of India. A revolutionary contribution to Orientalism, Sacontalá received, in the century following its publication, no fewer than forty-six translations in twelve different languages. Mary Wollstonecraft, reviewing the London edition of 1790, discovered delicacy, refinement, and a pure morality in Sacontalá, the very qualities Jones was anxious to stress in his representation of Hindu culture. The warm reception given by the British reviews appears tepid by comparison with the rapturous German response. Goethe, Herder, Majer and the Schlegels compete in rhapsodizing upon its artistic harmony, its mingling of poetry and nature, the devotional and the erotic. The accuracy and sensitivity of Jones's translation of both Śakuntalā and Jayadeva's Gítagóvinda compare favourably with modern translations. Gítagóvinda was received in a mood of European bhakti as a key to universal religion
Daniel Martin
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781628462340
- eISBN:
- 9781626746787
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781628462340.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
This chapter considers the superhero in transnational Japanese-Korean animation, focusing on the feature film Blade of the Phantom Master (2004). A Japanese-South Korean co-production, this animated ...
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This chapter considers the superhero in transnational Japanese-Korean animation, focusing on the feature film Blade of the Phantom Master (2004). A Japanese-South Korean co-production, this animated film offers a fantasy-action retelling of the iconic Korean folktale Chunhyang. Thus, this film is a revealing case of the cultural translation and transnational re-imagining of Korean literature and myth. This chapter covers the adaptation process, and examines the ways in which the specifically Korean aspects of the narrative and characters have been modified and adapted to reach a wider international audience. In particular, the recasting of the virtuous maiden Chunhyang as a fetishized super-ninja is shown to be particularly problematic. Rather than representing a step forward for Korean animation abroad, the film rewrites a Korean folktale for an international audience, drawing on the conventions of Japanese anime to create a new hybrid media for a global market.Less
This chapter considers the superhero in transnational Japanese-Korean animation, focusing on the feature film Blade of the Phantom Master (2004). A Japanese-South Korean co-production, this animated film offers a fantasy-action retelling of the iconic Korean folktale Chunhyang. Thus, this film is a revealing case of the cultural translation and transnational re-imagining of Korean literature and myth. This chapter covers the adaptation process, and examines the ways in which the specifically Korean aspects of the narrative and characters have been modified and adapted to reach a wider international audience. In particular, the recasting of the virtuous maiden Chunhyang as a fetishized super-ninja is shown to be particularly problematic. Rather than representing a step forward for Korean animation abroad, the film rewrites a Korean folktale for an international audience, drawing on the conventions of Japanese anime to create a new hybrid media for a global market.
Terence Cave
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199604807
- eISBN:
- 9780191731624
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199604807.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
A preliminary analysis of Mignon’s signature song ‘Kennst du das Land’ establishes a narrative and thematic point of departure for the study. A series of different methodological perspectives and ...
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A preliminary analysis of Mignon’s signature song ‘Kennst du das Land’ establishes a narrative and thematic point of departure for the study. A series of different methodological perspectives and problems are then considered. The nature of cultural collections and of the Mignon corpus as an example of such collections is explored and the notion of ‘category’ introduced: Mignon and her successors share a set of family resemblances rather than of defining features. The suspicion of sentimentality and kitsch that is often associated with the corpus is addressed, after which the question of collective cultural memory leads to a discussion of the concept ‘afterlives’ and to the problem of retrospective reading. The chapter concludes with the notion of Mignon as a figure of cultural translation, crossing the borders of gender, adolescence, genre, historical period, high culture and popular culture as well as of national culture.Less
A preliminary analysis of Mignon’s signature song ‘Kennst du das Land’ establishes a narrative and thematic point of departure for the study. A series of different methodological perspectives and problems are then considered. The nature of cultural collections and of the Mignon corpus as an example of such collections is explored and the notion of ‘category’ introduced: Mignon and her successors share a set of family resemblances rather than of defining features. The suspicion of sentimentality and kitsch that is often associated with the corpus is addressed, after which the question of collective cultural memory leads to a discussion of the concept ‘afterlives’ and to the problem of retrospective reading. The chapter concludes with the notion of Mignon as a figure of cultural translation, crossing the borders of gender, adolescence, genre, historical period, high culture and popular culture as well as of national culture.
Terence Cave
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199604807
- eISBN:
- 9780191731624
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199604807.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This book traces the fortunes of the character Mignon, from Goethe’s 1796 novel Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, through the European cultures of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Mignon corpus ...
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This book traces the fortunes of the character Mignon, from Goethe’s 1796 novel Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, through the European cultures of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Mignon corpus includes novels, stories, poems, plays, songs, operas, films, and images, and ranges from high-culture or canonic works to popular representations. These materials are displayed in the central chapters of the book as an ‘exhibition’, a historical repertory of instances from German, French, and English culture respectively; a further chapter charts Mignon’s musical manifestations in their relation to literature, and addresses the broader question of the status of song within fiction (fictional song). This set of cultural histories is inserted into the methodological, thematic, and analytic framework provided by the opening and concluding chapters. The key issues that emerge include the status of the corpus itself as an object and vehicle of knowledge, its constitution as a set of family resemblances, and its relation to history and cultural memory; the cross-cultural nature of the corpus, and in particular the suspicion of sentimentality that hangs over it; the concept of cultural translation as intrinsic to Mignon’s story and its trajectories; the cultural-historical sense of her positioning at a threshold between child and adult, female and male, aphasic and expressive, feral and aesthetically sensitive; and finally the cognitive value of the corpus, both historically and critically, as a vehicle and instrument of thought: thinking with Mignon thus becomes the symbolic catchword for the book as a whole.Less
This book traces the fortunes of the character Mignon, from Goethe’s 1796 novel Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, through the European cultures of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Mignon corpus includes novels, stories, poems, plays, songs, operas, films, and images, and ranges from high-culture or canonic works to popular representations. These materials are displayed in the central chapters of the book as an ‘exhibition’, a historical repertory of instances from German, French, and English culture respectively; a further chapter charts Mignon’s musical manifestations in their relation to literature, and addresses the broader question of the status of song within fiction (fictional song). This set of cultural histories is inserted into the methodological, thematic, and analytic framework provided by the opening and concluding chapters. The key issues that emerge include the status of the corpus itself as an object and vehicle of knowledge, its constitution as a set of family resemblances, and its relation to history and cultural memory; the cross-cultural nature of the corpus, and in particular the suspicion of sentimentality that hangs over it; the concept of cultural translation as intrinsic to Mignon’s story and its trajectories; the cultural-historical sense of her positioning at a threshold between child and adult, female and male, aphasic and expressive, feral and aesthetically sensitive; and finally the cognitive value of the corpus, both historically and critically, as a vehicle and instrument of thought: thinking with Mignon thus becomes the symbolic catchword for the book as a whole.
Jessica Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099210
- eISBN:
- 9789882207042
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099210.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Gao Xingjian's literary works have always functioned in the interstices between China and the “West.” The award of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Literature to Gao Xingjian has stirred ambivalent responses ...
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Gao Xingjian's literary works have always functioned in the interstices between China and the “West.” The award of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Literature to Gao Xingjian has stirred ambivalent responses within Chinese literary circles. Some rejoiced at this news while others considered Gao an inappropriate choice. This book makes a detailed analysis of his entire output. A brief survey of the development of Gao's writing career serves as a good starting point to understand his works, and here contextualisation is a key principle in the analysis of Gao's works. His works of different periods have functioned as one kind of mediation or another between the Chinese and the Western literary polysystems. Therefore, the different aspects of the concept of cultural translation are evoked to illustrate those various functions of mediation in Gao's works.Less
Gao Xingjian's literary works have always functioned in the interstices between China and the “West.” The award of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Literature to Gao Xingjian has stirred ambivalent responses within Chinese literary circles. Some rejoiced at this news while others considered Gao an inappropriate choice. This book makes a detailed analysis of his entire output. A brief survey of the development of Gao's writing career serves as a good starting point to understand his works, and here contextualisation is a key principle in the analysis of Gao's works. His works of different periods have functioned as one kind of mediation or another between the Chinese and the Western literary polysystems. Therefore, the different aspects of the concept of cultural translation are evoked to illustrate those various functions of mediation in Gao's works.
Paul Bowman
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231165297
- eISBN:
- 9780231850360
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231165297.003.0004
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter approaches Bruce Lee's films as texts and contexts of cultural translation. It does so by establishing a rather twisted or indeed “queer” notion of translation, which involves ...
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This chapter approaches Bruce Lee's films as texts and contexts of cultural translation. It does so by establishing a rather twisted or indeed “queer” notion of translation, which involves understanding translation as something less “literal” (or logocentric). By considering some peculiarities of the film Fist of Fury (1972), it explores theories of translation and their imbrication in various models of culture and tradition, as well as Benjaminian arguments about the text as construct. Fist of Fury is a complex and internally contradictory construct, with all sound added post-production and hence lacking any “original” as such. The chapter addresses the complexity of such putatively “simple” popular cultural texts as Fist of Fury when approached as the “arcades” of “cultural translation”.Less
This chapter approaches Bruce Lee's films as texts and contexts of cultural translation. It does so by establishing a rather twisted or indeed “queer” notion of translation, which involves understanding translation as something less “literal” (or logocentric). By considering some peculiarities of the film Fist of Fury (1972), it explores theories of translation and their imbrication in various models of culture and tradition, as well as Benjaminian arguments about the text as construct. Fist of Fury is a complex and internally contradictory construct, with all sound added post-production and hence lacking any “original” as such. The chapter addresses the complexity of such putatively “simple” popular cultural texts as Fist of Fury when approached as the “arcades” of “cultural translation”.
Gabriele Klein
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252036767
- eISBN:
- 9780252093869
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252036767.003.0016
- Subject:
- Music, Dance
Looking at the history of dance in the modern West, and especially in Europe, where aesthetic modernism began around 1900, there are two characteristics of dance. Whether it is so-called popular ...
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Looking at the history of dance in the modern West, and especially in Europe, where aesthetic modernism began around 1900, there are two characteristics of dance. Whether it is so-called popular dance or a more artistic form, from a sociological perspective, the history of dance is the history of globalization and transnationalism. It is also the record of how urban experiences have been expressed physically. This chapter addresses tango as a specific example of urban transnationalism in dance. In particular, it explores the relevance of a theory of cultural translation for the analysis and historiography of dance and shows how such a theory can arise from the embodied practice of tango.Less
Looking at the history of dance in the modern West, and especially in Europe, where aesthetic modernism began around 1900, there are two characteristics of dance. Whether it is so-called popular dance or a more artistic form, from a sociological perspective, the history of dance is the history of globalization and transnationalism. It is also the record of how urban experiences have been expressed physically. This chapter addresses tango as a specific example of urban transnationalism in dance. In particular, it explores the relevance of a theory of cultural translation for the analysis and historiography of dance and shows how such a theory can arise from the embodied practice of tango.
Jessica Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099210
- eISBN:
- 9789882207042
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099210.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Gao Xingjian's works published after he left China in 1987 show a comparable impulse on cultural self-translation. Some of his plays including Nether City and Stories in the Books of Mountains and ...
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Gao Xingjian's works published after he left China in 1987 show a comparable impulse on cultural self-translation. Some of his plays including Nether City and Stories in the Books of Mountains and Seas take material from Chinese mythology and folklore. In this way, the “Chineseness” embodied in this material is carried over into these plays, and therefore into their exilic existence. A more conspicuous attempt to translate the self's past in China into his present exilic existence is found in Yigeren di shengjing, translated into English as One Man's Bible by Mabel Lee, in which the narrator's past and present are interwoven together throughout the novel. One Man's Bible is a companion novel to Soul Mountain. The links between the two are at the same time thematic and structural. Both texts talk about the same scepticism towards language, literature, and representation.Less
Gao Xingjian's works published after he left China in 1987 show a comparable impulse on cultural self-translation. Some of his plays including Nether City and Stories in the Books of Mountains and Seas take material from Chinese mythology and folklore. In this way, the “Chineseness” embodied in this material is carried over into these plays, and therefore into their exilic existence. A more conspicuous attempt to translate the self's past in China into his present exilic existence is found in Yigeren di shengjing, translated into English as One Man's Bible by Mabel Lee, in which the narrator's past and present are interwoven together throughout the novel. One Man's Bible is a companion novel to Soul Mountain. The links between the two are at the same time thematic and structural. Both texts talk about the same scepticism towards language, literature, and representation.
Jan L. Logemann
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226660011
- eISBN:
- 9780226660295
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226660295.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
“Americanization” in marketing did not simply entail out-right imports, but rather a careful and selective adaptation of specific elements. Such transnational corporate learning processes negotiating ...
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“Americanization” in marketing did not simply entail out-right imports, but rather a careful and selective adaptation of specific elements. Such transnational corporate learning processes negotiating differences between American and European consumption and marketing cultures, opened new career opportunities for the émigré consumer engineers. This chapter traces their “return” to Europe after the war as well as their impact on the transformation of Western European consumer marketing between the late 1940s and the early 1960s. The focus will be on West Germany, which had a special role in this transatlantic exchange. The returning émigrés did not simply act as cheerleaders of American consumer modernity, however. Through their cultural translations they were able to engage skeptical colleagues and consumers in Europe and, in some instances, to “Europeanize” modern marketing practice.Less
“Americanization” in marketing did not simply entail out-right imports, but rather a careful and selective adaptation of specific elements. Such transnational corporate learning processes negotiating differences between American and European consumption and marketing cultures, opened new career opportunities for the émigré consumer engineers. This chapter traces their “return” to Europe after the war as well as their impact on the transformation of Western European consumer marketing between the late 1940s and the early 1960s. The focus will be on West Germany, which had a special role in this transatlantic exchange. The returning émigrés did not simply act as cheerleaders of American consumer modernity, however. Through their cultural translations they were able to engage skeptical colleagues and consumers in Europe and, in some instances, to “Europeanize” modern marketing practice.
Rosalind Thomas
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199693979
- eISBN:
- 9780191745324
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199693979.003.0010
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter examines the looser type of legend and story patterns familiar to Herodotus' audience. It considers the possibility of legends and stories that seem to belong primarily to the Persian or ...
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This chapter examines the looser type of legend and story patterns familiar to Herodotus' audience. It considers the possibility of legends and stories that seem to belong primarily to the Persian or Near Eastern sphere and which Herodotus uses himself, taking two examples as case studies: Pythius and Lydian (7.38–40) and Deioces the Mede (1.96–101). It uses these to examine the sorts of truth, understanding, and interpretation that a Greek writer might derive from a foreign logos or tale — supposing that these might derive from, or be related to some Persian or Median tales. It then goes on to examine how such tales might be taken, understood or misunderstood, and re-used in the Greek and specifically Herodotean schema. The chapter is thus in part related to the problem of the ‘unintelligibility’ of one society's tales, and indeed customs, to members of another society.Less
This chapter examines the looser type of legend and story patterns familiar to Herodotus' audience. It considers the possibility of legends and stories that seem to belong primarily to the Persian or Near Eastern sphere and which Herodotus uses himself, taking two examples as case studies: Pythius and Lydian (7.38–40) and Deioces the Mede (1.96–101). It uses these to examine the sorts of truth, understanding, and interpretation that a Greek writer might derive from a foreign logos or tale — supposing that these might derive from, or be related to some Persian or Median tales. It then goes on to examine how such tales might be taken, understood or misunderstood, and re-used in the Greek and specifically Herodotean schema. The chapter is thus in part related to the problem of the ‘unintelligibility’ of one society's tales, and indeed customs, to members of another society.
Weihong Bao
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037689
- eISBN:
- 9780252094941
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037689.003.0008
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter examines the mediated cultural encounter between the American serial queen adventure and nüxiapian, a subgenre of Chinese martial arts films. The nüxiapian genre, featuring a female ...
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This chapter examines the mediated cultural encounter between the American serial queen adventure and nüxiapian, a subgenre of Chinese martial arts films. The nüxiapian genre, featuring a female knight errant, first appeared on the 1920s silent screen and had a lasting influence in Chinese cinema. The chapter first provides an overview of the theoretical and historical underpinnings of the word “vernacular” as well as the cultural essentialist aspects of the martial arts films. It then considers the local as the site of irreducible heterogeneity that enabled active and plural modes of cultural translation, resulting in the “vernacular” body of nüxia. In analyzing the interaction between American serial queen films and the Chinese entertainment world of the 1910s and 1920s, the chapter underscores the dual promise of the May Fourth Vernacular Movement and its implication for Chinese cinema. It also highlights the rise of a particular configuration of the female body on Chinese silent films.Less
This chapter examines the mediated cultural encounter between the American serial queen adventure and nüxiapian, a subgenre of Chinese martial arts films. The nüxiapian genre, featuring a female knight errant, first appeared on the 1920s silent screen and had a lasting influence in Chinese cinema. The chapter first provides an overview of the theoretical and historical underpinnings of the word “vernacular” as well as the cultural essentialist aspects of the martial arts films. It then considers the local as the site of irreducible heterogeneity that enabled active and plural modes of cultural translation, resulting in the “vernacular” body of nüxia. In analyzing the interaction between American serial queen films and the Chinese entertainment world of the 1910s and 1920s, the chapter underscores the dual promise of the May Fourth Vernacular Movement and its implication for Chinese cinema. It also highlights the rise of a particular configuration of the female body on Chinese silent films.
Michah Gottlieb
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780199336388
- eISBN:
- 9780197527269
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199336388.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
This chapter explores three aims of Mendelssohn’s Bible translation project: (1) strengthening Jewish national sentiment and halakhic practice, (2) invigorating German nationhood; and (3) fostering ...
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This chapter explores three aims of Mendelssohn’s Bible translation project: (1) strengthening Jewish national sentiment and halakhic practice, (2) invigorating German nationhood; and (3) fostering love and tolerance between German Jews and Christians. Mendelssohn aimed to strengthen Jewish national sentiment by revealing the beauty and rationality of the Bible. He sought to bolster halakhic practice by defending the Masoretic Text of the Bible and rabbinic interpretation. He aimed to invigorate German nationhood by using Bible translation to enrich the German language and contribute to a cosmopolitan vision of Germanness. By translating the Hebrew Bible into German, he sought to illustrate the translatability of religious truth thereby fostering tolerance and love between German Jews and Christians. Mendelssohn translated two main biblical texts-- the Pentateuch and the Psalms. His aims and exegetical methods in the two works are compared. The aims and methods of Mendelssohn’s Bible translations are also compared with two German Protestant translations with which he was familiar: Luther’s 1545 translation and the 1735 Radical Enlightenment Wertheim Bible of Johann Lorenz Schmidt. The claim that Luther’s translation is closer to the Hebrew original than Mendelssohn’s is refuted. Comparing Mendelssohn’s translation with Schmidt’s Wertheim Bible illustrates similarities and differences between Mendelssohn’s moderate religious rationalism and Schmidt’s radical religious rationalism.Less
This chapter explores three aims of Mendelssohn’s Bible translation project: (1) strengthening Jewish national sentiment and halakhic practice, (2) invigorating German nationhood; and (3) fostering love and tolerance between German Jews and Christians. Mendelssohn aimed to strengthen Jewish national sentiment by revealing the beauty and rationality of the Bible. He sought to bolster halakhic practice by defending the Masoretic Text of the Bible and rabbinic interpretation. He aimed to invigorate German nationhood by using Bible translation to enrich the German language and contribute to a cosmopolitan vision of Germanness. By translating the Hebrew Bible into German, he sought to illustrate the translatability of religious truth thereby fostering tolerance and love between German Jews and Christians. Mendelssohn translated two main biblical texts-- the Pentateuch and the Psalms. His aims and exegetical methods in the two works are compared. The aims and methods of Mendelssohn’s Bible translations are also compared with two German Protestant translations with which he was familiar: Luther’s 1545 translation and the 1735 Radical Enlightenment Wertheim Bible of Johann Lorenz Schmidt. The claim that Luther’s translation is closer to the Hebrew original than Mendelssohn’s is refuted. Comparing Mendelssohn’s translation with Schmidt’s Wertheim Bible illustrates similarities and differences between Mendelssohn’s moderate religious rationalism and Schmidt’s radical religious rationalism.
Paul Bowman
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231165297
- eISBN:
- 9780231850360
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231165297.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This book provides an in-depth understanding of Bruce Lee and examines the artist from both a cultural and historical perspective. The work begins by contextualizing Lee, examining his films and ...
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This book provides an in-depth understanding of Bruce Lee and examines the artist from both a cultural and historical perspective. The work begins by contextualizing Lee, examining his films and martial arts work, and his changing cultural status within different times and places. It then examines Bruce Lee's films and philosophy in relation to the popular culture and cultural politics of the 1960s and 1970s. It also addresses the resurgence of his popularity in Hong Kong and China in the twenty-first century. The study also explores Lee's ongoing legacy and influence in the West, considers his function as a shifting symbol of ethnic politics and examines the ways in which he continues to inform film-fight choreography in Hollywood. Ultimately the book argues that Lee is best understood in terms of “cultural translation” and that his interventions and importance are ongoing.Less
This book provides an in-depth understanding of Bruce Lee and examines the artist from both a cultural and historical perspective. The work begins by contextualizing Lee, examining his films and martial arts work, and his changing cultural status within different times and places. It then examines Bruce Lee's films and philosophy in relation to the popular culture and cultural politics of the 1960s and 1970s. It also addresses the resurgence of his popularity in Hong Kong and China in the twenty-first century. The study also explores Lee's ongoing legacy and influence in the West, considers his function as a shifting symbol of ethnic politics and examines the ways in which he continues to inform film-fight choreography in Hollywood. Ultimately the book argues that Lee is best understood in terms of “cultural translation” and that his interventions and importance are ongoing.
GIDEON NISBET
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199263370
- eISBN:
- 9780191718366
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199263370.003.0007
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Puns and plays on words typify Ammianos' epigrams, some of which intervene satirically in the civic politics of 2nd-century Smyrna. The Anthology preserves intact pairs of linked poems which indicate ...
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Puns and plays on words typify Ammianos' epigrams, some of which intervene satirically in the civic politics of 2nd-century Smyrna. The Anthology preserves intact pairs of linked poems which indicate intratextuality within his original book; the chapter also finds subtle allusions to Loukillios. The chapter argues that, much like Loukillios' epigrams on Nero, the ambiguity inherent to Ammianos' complex wordplay encourages modern scholars (including the chapter's author) to develop elaborate explanatory hypotheses which may turn out to be illusory. Bilingual features in several poems lend further ambiguity to word-plays, and open up the potential range of literary texts to which readers might be tempted to detect allusion. Greek élites under Rome presented their identities as exclusively rooted in a classical Hellenic past; spotting bilingual allusion to Cicero and Ammianos' contemporary Suetonius would add a new level of nuance to skoptic humour, hinting at the guilty pleasure of cross-cultural identification.Less
Puns and plays on words typify Ammianos' epigrams, some of which intervene satirically in the civic politics of 2nd-century Smyrna. The Anthology preserves intact pairs of linked poems which indicate intratextuality within his original book; the chapter also finds subtle allusions to Loukillios. The chapter argues that, much like Loukillios' epigrams on Nero, the ambiguity inherent to Ammianos' complex wordplay encourages modern scholars (including the chapter's author) to develop elaborate explanatory hypotheses which may turn out to be illusory. Bilingual features in several poems lend further ambiguity to word-plays, and open up the potential range of literary texts to which readers might be tempted to detect allusion. Greek élites under Rome presented their identities as exclusively rooted in a classical Hellenic past; spotting bilingual allusion to Cicero and Ammianos' contemporary Suetonius would add a new level of nuance to skoptic humour, hinting at the guilty pleasure of cross-cultural identification.
