Catherine Robson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691119366
- eISBN:
- 9781400845156
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691119366.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter addresses some of the later psychological dimensions inherent within adolescents' and adults' internalization of a poem. It sets Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” ...
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This chapter addresses some of the later psychological dimensions inherent within adolescents' and adults' internalization of a poem. It sets Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” within a very specific institutional and emotional history, directing attention to the mingled pain and pleasure that can exist within the possession of a cultural object. This chapter considers how the highest-achieving elementary-school pupils might have felt when they read and recited a work that dubs the poor both unlettered and mute. Further, it speculates about the ability of the memorized poem to stay within those individuals for the remainder of their days, and to act as a constant reminder of the educational and social processes that moved them out of one class and into another—an elevation the eighteenth-century poem deems impossible.Less
This chapter addresses some of the later psychological dimensions inherent within adolescents' and adults' internalization of a poem. It sets Thomas Gray's “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” within a very specific institutional and emotional history, directing attention to the mingled pain and pleasure that can exist within the possession of a cultural object. This chapter considers how the highest-achieving elementary-school pupils might have felt when they read and recited a work that dubs the poor both unlettered and mute. Further, it speculates about the ability of the memorized poem to stay within those individuals for the remainder of their days, and to act as a constant reminder of the educational and social processes that moved them out of one class and into another—an elevation the eighteenth-century poem deems impossible.
Damon J. Phillips
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691150888
- eISBN:
- 9781400846481
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691150888.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
This chapter examines why the long-run appeal of jazz music worldwide was related to the city of origin's network position with the exception of Berlin in what was then Weimar Germany. Between 1923 ...
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This chapter examines why the long-run appeal of jazz music worldwide was related to the city of origin's network position with the exception of Berlin in what was then Weimar Germany. Between 1923 and 1933, Berlin produced more early jazz than any other city in Europe as the center of Weimar culture. And yet the lasting appeal of jazz music recorded in Berlin was notably less than that of other European cities. To explain this puzzle, the chapter develops a sequential relational model for understanding the fate of German jazz in which the locations of musical reception and production correspond to schemas that affect the tastes and the ways in which cultural objects are interpreted. The example of German jazz suggests that the model of sociological congruence works best when the musical identity of a location is not so strong that its actual output is overwhelmed by the perceived output from a location.Less
This chapter examines why the long-run appeal of jazz music worldwide was related to the city of origin's network position with the exception of Berlin in what was then Weimar Germany. Between 1923 and 1933, Berlin produced more early jazz than any other city in Europe as the center of Weimar culture. And yet the lasting appeal of jazz music recorded in Berlin was notably less than that of other European cities. To explain this puzzle, the chapter develops a sequential relational model for understanding the fate of German jazz in which the locations of musical reception and production correspond to schemas that affect the tastes and the ways in which cultural objects are interpreted. The example of German jazz suggests that the model of sociological congruence works best when the musical identity of a location is not so strong that its actual output is overwhelmed by the perceived output from a location.
Wang Yunxia
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199680245
- eISBN:
- 9780191760174
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680245.003.0012
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
On 14 January 2009, China and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on import restrictions for cultural objects. This chapter assesses the legal basis, main contents, and the ...
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On 14 January 2009, China and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on import restrictions for cultural objects. This chapter assesses the legal basis, main contents, and the impact of the MoU on the protection of Chinese cultural heritage. It argues that despite the MoU's positive impact on protecting China's cultural heritage, some Chinese experts deem it far from satisfactory. They question provisions such as import restrictions for Chinese cultural objects that fall within the scope of the ‘designated list’ of the American government and with a history of over 250 years as a prerequisite; the fact that the MoU remains effective every five years, which can undermine long-term implementation; and the absence of retroactive force, which is detrimental to the return of Chinese cultural objects.Less
On 14 January 2009, China and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on import restrictions for cultural objects. This chapter assesses the legal basis, main contents, and the impact of the MoU on the protection of Chinese cultural heritage. It argues that despite the MoU's positive impact on protecting China's cultural heritage, some Chinese experts deem it far from satisfactory. They question provisions such as import restrictions for Chinese cultural objects that fall within the scope of the ‘designated list’ of the American government and with a history of over 250 years as a prerequisite; the fact that the MoU remains effective every five years, which can undermine long-term implementation; and the absence of retroactive force, which is detrimental to the return of Chinese cultural objects.
Patrizia Vigni
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199680245
- eISBN:
- 9780191760174
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680245.003.0007
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter discusses the state's claim over cultural property found in the sea. It first identifies who, under international and domestic law, can legitimately claim rights with respect to cultural ...
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This chapter discusses the state's claim over cultural property found in the sea. It first identifies who, under international and domestic law, can legitimately claim rights with respect to cultural objects at sea. It gives special attention to sovereign and property rights of states and private persons over historic shipwrecks. It then attempts to ascertain how domestic courts have so far settled disputes affecting cultural objects at sea, in order to determine whether and to what extent these courts have enforced international provisions concerning the protection of underwater cultural heritage.Less
This chapter discusses the state's claim over cultural property found in the sea. It first identifies who, under international and domestic law, can legitimately claim rights with respect to cultural objects at sea. It gives special attention to sovereign and property rights of states and private persons over historic shipwrecks. It then attempts to ascertain how domestic courts have so far settled disputes affecting cultural objects at sea, in order to determine whether and to what extent these courts have enforced international provisions concerning the protection of underwater cultural heritage.
Terence E. McDonnell
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226382012
- eISBN:
- 9780226382296
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226382296.003.0002
- Subject:
- Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
As cultural objects move from interaction to interaction—crafted by designers, vetted by opinion leaders and the community, circulated through public space, interpreted by the public—somewhere along ...
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As cultural objects move from interaction to interaction—crafted by designers, vetted by opinion leaders and the community, circulated through public space, interpreted by the public—somewhere along the way they stop doing what they were intended to do. The energy invested in an object sometimes flows along the intended path, moving people to change their beliefs and behavior in ways aligned with organizational goals (i.e. encouraging condom use or abstinence). Often, though, an object’s energy diffuses or diverts along unintended trajectories. Polyvocality is always possible, as these alternative paths are built into the interpretive arrangements of people, objects, and settings. This potential instability is due to the shared symbolic and material qualities of arrangements. Organizations can mitigate entropy to some degree, but they can never entirely eliminate the possibility of entropy because interpretive arrangements never perfectly stabilize. Cultural entropy suggests that culture is far more complex than designers’ instrumental view. In addition, the concept helps us move past the audience-based explanations for polyvocality that have dominated cultural sociology for two decades. Both designers and reception theorists view audiences as too static and as the central source of alternative interpretations. The chapter borrows heavily from actor-network theory, Pragmatism, and theories of materiality.Less
As cultural objects move from interaction to interaction—crafted by designers, vetted by opinion leaders and the community, circulated through public space, interpreted by the public—somewhere along the way they stop doing what they were intended to do. The energy invested in an object sometimes flows along the intended path, moving people to change their beliefs and behavior in ways aligned with organizational goals (i.e. encouraging condom use or abstinence). Often, though, an object’s energy diffuses or diverts along unintended trajectories. Polyvocality is always possible, as these alternative paths are built into the interpretive arrangements of people, objects, and settings. This potential instability is due to the shared symbolic and material qualities of arrangements. Organizations can mitigate entropy to some degree, but they can never entirely eliminate the possibility of entropy because interpretive arrangements never perfectly stabilize. Cultural entropy suggests that culture is far more complex than designers’ instrumental view. In addition, the concept helps us move past the audience-based explanations for polyvocality that have dominated cultural sociology for two decades. Both designers and reception theorists view audiences as too static and as the central source of alternative interpretations. The chapter borrows heavily from actor-network theory, Pragmatism, and theories of materiality.
Patty Gerstenblith
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199680245
- eISBN:
- 9780191760174
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680245.003.0008
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter describes how three types of illegal conduct are dealt with in civil and criminal cases: the looting of cultural objects from sites in which they are buried or concealed; the theft of ...
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This chapter describes how three types of illegal conduct are dealt with in civil and criminal cases: the looting of cultural objects from sites in which they are buried or concealed; the theft of such objects from their owners; and the smuggling of such objects across international boundaries in violation of export laws. It discusses the extent to which domestic courts can provide protection, given the complexities of international and domestic law. It argues that civil suits for the recovery of cultural objects are playing a declining role due to the difficulties of bringing such actions. Criminal suits have been ineffective because of the insufficient effort of law enforcement due in part to a lack of resources, and in part to the relatively low priority that governments have assigned to cultural objects.Less
This chapter describes how three types of illegal conduct are dealt with in civil and criminal cases: the looting of cultural objects from sites in which they are buried or concealed; the theft of such objects from their owners; and the smuggling of such objects across international boundaries in violation of export laws. It discusses the extent to which domestic courts can provide protection, given the complexities of international and domestic law. It argues that civil suits for the recovery of cultural objects are playing a declining role due to the difficulties of bringing such actions. Criminal suits have been ineffective because of the insufficient effort of law enforcement due in part to a lack of resources, and in part to the relatively low priority that governments have assigned to cultural objects.
Janet Blake
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198723516
- eISBN:
- 9780191790300
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198723516.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law, Environmental and Energy Law
Chapter 2 deals with the illegal movement of cultural objects from certain artefact-rich to art-market States. It introduces the scale of this problem and the related destruction to cultural heritage ...
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Chapter 2 deals with the illegal movement of cultural objects from certain artefact-rich to art-market States. It introduces the scale of this problem and the related destruction to cultural heritage and the nature of the illicit trade in antiquities as a form of organized crime. The various existing forms of control (export and import controls, inventory systems, regulation of the internal market, museum self-regulation, and international policing, etc) are presented and the role of transit States in facilitating this illegal movement is addressed. The relevant international treaties, in particular the 1970 UNESCO Convention, the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention and the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo, 2000) are examined and analysed. Finally, the challenges and effectiveness of international litigation for the recovery of cultural objects are considered, with the help of some prominent international cases for restitution and return as illustrative examples.Less
Chapter 2 deals with the illegal movement of cultural objects from certain artefact-rich to art-market States. It introduces the scale of this problem and the related destruction to cultural heritage and the nature of the illicit trade in antiquities as a form of organized crime. The various existing forms of control (export and import controls, inventory systems, regulation of the internal market, museum self-regulation, and international policing, etc) are presented and the role of transit States in facilitating this illegal movement is addressed. The relevant international treaties, in particular the 1970 UNESCO Convention, the 1995 UNIDROIT Convention and the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo, 2000) are examined and analysed. Finally, the challenges and effectiveness of international litigation for the recovery of cultural objects are considered, with the help of some prominent international cases for restitution and return as illustrative examples.
Peter J. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719072161
- eISBN:
- 9781781701492
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719072161.003.0009
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter argues that the familiar distinction between ‘text’ and ‘context’ is problematic, as is the suggestion that a sociological approach to art is unable to say anything about artworks ...
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This chapter argues that the familiar distinction between ‘text’ and ‘context’ is problematic, as is the suggestion that a sociological approach to art is unable to say anything about artworks themselves. On the contrary, the discussion suggests that a sociological approach is essential to an understanding of the activities through which artworks, indeed any cultural objects, are created. Such an approach will not be concerned with decontextualising them so as to decipher their essential ‘meaning’, but to examine how they were created, interpreted and used in real social situations.Less
This chapter argues that the familiar distinction between ‘text’ and ‘context’ is problematic, as is the suggestion that a sociological approach to art is unable to say anything about artworks themselves. On the contrary, the discussion suggests that a sociological approach is essential to an understanding of the activities through which artworks, indeed any cultural objects, are created. Such an approach will not be concerned with decontextualising them so as to decipher their essential ‘meaning’, but to examine how they were created, interpreted and used in real social situations.
John G Sprankling
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- June 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199654543
- eISBN:
- 9780191747946
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199654543.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law, Private International Law
This chapter and the next four chapters analyze how international law affects rights in specific types of property. Property rights in tangible objects are addressed in this chapter. The doctrines ...
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This chapter and the next four chapters analyze how international law affects rights in specific types of property. Property rights in tangible objects are addressed in this chapter. The doctrines discussed in the chapter are linked by four themes: the objects they concern are usually valuable or dangerous; the doctrines generally have a transboundary component; they principally concern the rights of non-state actors; and they all stem from treaties, reflecting a consensus that international law should supersede municipal law. The subject areas include: aircraft, railway, and other movable equipment; art and other cultural objects; civilian property during war; contraband; genetically modified organisms; hazardous and toxic substances; household possessions; humans; human body parts; property of diplomats; property of intergovernmental organizations; and wild animals and plants.Less
This chapter and the next four chapters analyze how international law affects rights in specific types of property. Property rights in tangible objects are addressed in this chapter. The doctrines discussed in the chapter are linked by four themes: the objects they concern are usually valuable or dangerous; the doctrines generally have a transboundary component; they principally concern the rights of non-state actors; and they all stem from treaties, reflecting a consensus that international law should supersede municipal law. The subject areas include: aircraft, railway, and other movable equipment; art and other cultural objects; civilian property during war; contraband; genetically modified organisms; hazardous and toxic substances; household possessions; humans; human body parts; property of diplomats; property of intergovernmental organizations; and wild animals and plants.
James Gordley
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199680245
- eISBN:
- 9780191760174
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680245.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
Nations have enacted laws to protect their cultural heritage against export. However, when objects are exported in violation of those laws, a nation faces two major legal obstacles to seeking their ...
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Nations have enacted laws to protect their cultural heritage against export. However, when objects are exported in violation of those laws, a nation faces two major legal obstacles to seeking their return. One is the proposition that the export laws of one nation will not be enforced in the courts of another. The other is that a government cannot repatriate an object without proving that it owns it in the same way as a private owner, having a right to possess and use it as he chooses. This chapter argues that both of these propositions are bad law, and that courts should disregard them.Less
Nations have enacted laws to protect their cultural heritage against export. However, when objects are exported in violation of those laws, a nation faces two major legal obstacles to seeking their return. One is the proposition that the export laws of one nation will not be enforced in the courts of another. The other is that a government cannot repatriate an object without proving that it owns it in the same way as a private owner, having a right to possess and use it as he chooses. This chapter argues that both of these propositions are bad law, and that courts should disregard them.
Peter J. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719072161
- eISBN:
- 9781781701492
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719072161.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
Since the mid-1990s, the distinctiveness of a sociological approach to music has become increasingly apparent. This chapter notes that the primary focus of this specifically sociological ‘gaze’ is a ...
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Since the mid-1990s, the distinctiveness of a sociological approach to music has become increasingly apparent. This chapter notes that the primary focus of this specifically sociological ‘gaze’ is a concern with examining the various ways in which music is used in a whole range of social situations, and the consequences of this. Sociologists have, with increasing confidence, investigated the use of music by real people in real situations, thus moving away from a concern with revealing the meaning of musical texts. A sociological concern with the uses of music seeks to return such cultural objects to the social contexts in which they are produced and experienced.Less
Since the mid-1990s, the distinctiveness of a sociological approach to music has become increasingly apparent. This chapter notes that the primary focus of this specifically sociological ‘gaze’ is a concern with examining the various ways in which music is used in a whole range of social situations, and the consequences of this. Sociologists have, with increasing confidence, investigated the use of music by real people in real situations, thus moving away from a concern with revealing the meaning of musical texts. A sociological concern with the uses of music seeks to return such cultural objects to the social contexts in which they are produced and experienced.
Terence E. McDonnell
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226382012
- eISBN:
- 9780226382296
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226382296.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
Organizations strive to create campaign messages that yield clear, consistent, and resonant interpretations that motivate people to buy their product, support their cause, vote for their candidate, ...
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Organizations strive to create campaign messages that yield clear, consistent, and resonant interpretations that motivate people to buy their product, support their cause, vote for their candidate, or take active steps to improve or protect their health. However, once these campaigns leave the controlled environments of focus groups, advertising agencies, and stakeholder meetings to circulate through public space, people interpret and use campaigns in ways the designers never intended. Best Laid Plans explains why these instrumental-rational attempts to persuade the public through culture and media often fail. To explain these failures, the book identifies mechanisms that encourage “cultural entropy”: the process through which the intended meanings and uses of cultural objects fracture into alternative meanings, new practices, failed interactions, and blatant disregard. To develop the concept of cultural entropy, the book analyzes HIV/AIDS media campaigns in Accra, Ghana. AIDS organizations in Accra, and throughout the world, seek to control and organize how local communities make sense of the disease. They develop campaigns based on models of “Behavior Change Communication” that purport to use media to change sexual practices. AIDS organizations attempt to control the message by routinizing best practices like evidence-based design, involving opinion leaders in the design process, and getting all organizations behind a single message. Despite their best efforts to persuade the public, campaigns rarely work as intended, disrupted by misinterpretation and misuse. These cultural misfires are not random. Rather, these disruptions are patterned, widespread, and inevitable, indicative of a broader and important-to-understand process of cultural entropy.Less
Organizations strive to create campaign messages that yield clear, consistent, and resonant interpretations that motivate people to buy their product, support their cause, vote for their candidate, or take active steps to improve or protect their health. However, once these campaigns leave the controlled environments of focus groups, advertising agencies, and stakeholder meetings to circulate through public space, people interpret and use campaigns in ways the designers never intended. Best Laid Plans explains why these instrumental-rational attempts to persuade the public through culture and media often fail. To explain these failures, the book identifies mechanisms that encourage “cultural entropy”: the process through which the intended meanings and uses of cultural objects fracture into alternative meanings, new practices, failed interactions, and blatant disregard. To develop the concept of cultural entropy, the book analyzes HIV/AIDS media campaigns in Accra, Ghana. AIDS organizations in Accra, and throughout the world, seek to control and organize how local communities make sense of the disease. They develop campaigns based on models of “Behavior Change Communication” that purport to use media to change sexual practices. AIDS organizations attempt to control the message by routinizing best practices like evidence-based design, involving opinion leaders in the design process, and getting all organizations behind a single message. Despite their best efforts to persuade the public, campaigns rarely work as intended, disrupted by misinterpretation and misuse. These cultural misfires are not random. Rather, these disruptions are patterned, widespread, and inevitable, indicative of a broader and important-to-understand process of cultural entropy.
Terence E. McDonnell
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226382012
- eISBN:
- 9780226382296
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226382296.003.0006
- Subject:
- Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
AIDS media lead unexpected lives once diffused through urban space: billboards fade, posters go missing, bumper stickers travel to other cities. In this chapter I argue that the material qualities of ...
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AIDS media lead unexpected lives once diffused through urban space: billboards fade, posters go missing, bumper stickers travel to other cities. In this chapter I argue that the material qualities of AIDS campaign objects and the urban settings in which they are displayed structures how the public interprets their messages. Interview data and ethnographic observation of AIDS media in situ reveal how the materiality and circulation of objects and their sites of reception shape the availability of AIDS knowledge in Accra, Ghana. I find that the decay and displacement of these advertisements enable new meanings (e.g. when red ribbons fade to pink) and give audiences the opportunity to use these posters creatively (e.g. as interior decoration). Material qualities disrupt campaigns by undermining their perceptibility and legibility. Significantly for AIDS organizations, these material conditions often systematically obstruct access to AIDS knowledge for particular groups. In this sense, cultural entropy is as much a material condition as a symbolic one.Less
AIDS media lead unexpected lives once diffused through urban space: billboards fade, posters go missing, bumper stickers travel to other cities. In this chapter I argue that the material qualities of AIDS campaign objects and the urban settings in which they are displayed structures how the public interprets their messages. Interview data and ethnographic observation of AIDS media in situ reveal how the materiality and circulation of objects and their sites of reception shape the availability of AIDS knowledge in Accra, Ghana. I find that the decay and displacement of these advertisements enable new meanings (e.g. when red ribbons fade to pink) and give audiences the opportunity to use these posters creatively (e.g. as interior decoration). Material qualities disrupt campaigns by undermining their perceptibility and legibility. Significantly for AIDS organizations, these material conditions often systematically obstruct access to AIDS knowledge for particular groups. In this sense, cultural entropy is as much a material condition as a symbolic one.
Sara Byala
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226030272
- eISBN:
- 9780226030449
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226030449.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
This chapter presents the argument that although it had merely opened at the time of his passing, the Africana Museum was Gubbins’ final and most important intervention in a life aimed at bettering ...
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This chapter presents the argument that although it had merely opened at the time of his passing, the Africana Museum was Gubbins’ final and most important intervention in a life aimed at bettering his surroundings. The pinnacle of years of philosophical ponderings, this chapter shows that the museum was a physical incarnation of Gubbins’ metaphysical thoughts—much in the same way that his precursor library of Africana was. The birth of the library is likewise presented here as a tangible manifestation of Gubbins’ ideology whose creation, in fact, made possible the museum’s genesis. Centered around objects of Africana—or cultural objects of all who inhabit the land—the museum targeted a larger population than the library, making it the most far-reaching of Gubbins’ creations.Less
This chapter presents the argument that although it had merely opened at the time of his passing, the Africana Museum was Gubbins’ final and most important intervention in a life aimed at bettering his surroundings. The pinnacle of years of philosophical ponderings, this chapter shows that the museum was a physical incarnation of Gubbins’ metaphysical thoughts—much in the same way that his precursor library of Africana was. The birth of the library is likewise presented here as a tangible manifestation of Gubbins’ ideology whose creation, in fact, made possible the museum’s genesis. Centered around objects of Africana—or cultural objects of all who inhabit the land—the museum targeted a larger population than the library, making it the most far-reaching of Gubbins’ creations.
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804776868
- eISBN:
- 9780804778886
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804776868.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This chapter explores how Miyazawa Kenji remained integral to the production of locality in the literary sector in Japan even as the conditions of this production have changed radically. It describes ...
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This chapter explores how Miyazawa Kenji remained integral to the production of locality in the literary sector in Japan even as the conditions of this production have changed radically. It describes the early episode in his posthumous reception which signaled a transitional moment in the way that he and his works have historically circulated in the market for cultural objects, focusing on the publication of the first zenshū. It also traces a genealogy of the fundamental ways his value in the market for cultural artifacts has intersected with his value in the market for places.Less
This chapter explores how Miyazawa Kenji remained integral to the production of locality in the literary sector in Japan even as the conditions of this production have changed radically. It describes the early episode in his posthumous reception which signaled a transitional moment in the way that he and his works have historically circulated in the market for cultural objects, focusing on the publication of the first zenshū. It also traces a genealogy of the fundamental ways his value in the market for cultural artifacts has intersected with his value in the market for places.
Sian Barber
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719090301
- eISBN:
- 9781781708958
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090301.003.0004
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter explores the history of film analysis and considers the different ways in which film has been approached, psceifically, film as art, as social history, as a cultural object and as ...
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This chapter explores the history of film analysis and considers the different ways in which film has been approached, psceifically, film as art, as social history, as a cultural object and as economics. It examines key interventions within the discipline and locates the development of film studies within broader historiographical trends. It includes a case study on a specific film which indicates the different ways in which film can be explored.Less
This chapter explores the history of film analysis and considers the different ways in which film has been approached, psceifically, film as art, as social history, as a cultural object and as economics. It examines key interventions within the discipline and locates the development of film studies within broader historiographical trends. It includes a case study on a specific film which indicates the different ways in which film can be explored.
Simon Mackenzie and Donna Yates
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- August 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198794974
- eISBN:
- 9780191836442
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198794974.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Finance, Accounting, and Banking, International Business
The global market in antiquities has been described as a grey market. We provide a breakdown of the meanings and implications of this greyness. Usually the term refers to the mixing of recently ...
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The global market in antiquities has been described as a grey market. We provide a breakdown of the meanings and implications of this greyness. Usually the term refers to the mixing of recently looted antiquities with those that can be sold legally, thus the antiquities market is grey because illicit objects are sold via a public and purportedly legitimate network of dealers and auction houses. This is supported by a second form of greyness: the ethically grey status of individual looted objects after time and their passage through jurisdictions via multiple trades obscures or overwrites their illicit origins. It is also supported by a greying of ethical judgment, achieved through a discourse that permits the purchase of illicit objects in constructed circumstances of “saving” or “preserving” artifacts.Less
The global market in antiquities has been described as a grey market. We provide a breakdown of the meanings and implications of this greyness. Usually the term refers to the mixing of recently looted antiquities with those that can be sold legally, thus the antiquities market is grey because illicit objects are sold via a public and purportedly legitimate network of dealers and auction houses. This is supported by a second form of greyness: the ethically grey status of individual looted objects after time and their passage through jurisdictions via multiple trades obscures or overwrites their illicit origins. It is also supported by a greying of ethical judgment, achieved through a discourse that permits the purchase of illicit objects in constructed circumstances of “saving” or “preserving” artifacts.
ann-elise lewallen
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824836979
- eISBN:
- 9780824870973
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824836979.003.0011
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter narrates the “quiet revolution” that emerged in private spaces shared between elderwomen and the younger generation. Ainu women in their mid-forties to early seventies began meeting to ...
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This chapter narrates the “quiet revolution” that emerged in private spaces shared between elderwomen and the younger generation. Ainu women in their mid-forties to early seventies began meeting to exchange traditional knowledge, including techniques for gathering medicinal herbs and wild plants, techniques for weaving with natural fibers, embroidery patterns, and song and dance. Older generation women could recall these activities as survival skills, and as ritual and celebratory activities. In mountainous areas across Ainu women, this private sphere knowledge was maintained and transmitted generationally. While Ainu men were pressured to assimilate to Wajin socioeconomic standards, Ainu women were entrusted with preserving cultural practices, such as producing material cultural objects for the domestic sphere.Less
This chapter narrates the “quiet revolution” that emerged in private spaces shared between elderwomen and the younger generation. Ainu women in their mid-forties to early seventies began meeting to exchange traditional knowledge, including techniques for gathering medicinal herbs and wild plants, techniques for weaving with natural fibers, embroidery patterns, and song and dance. Older generation women could recall these activities as survival skills, and as ritual and celebratory activities. In mountainous areas across Ainu women, this private sphere knowledge was maintained and transmitted generationally. While Ainu men were pressured to assimilate to Wajin socioeconomic standards, Ainu women were entrusted with preserving cultural practices, such as producing material cultural objects for the domestic sphere.
Steven H. Rutledge
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199573233
- eISBN:
- 9780191804441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199573233.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This chapter examines how imperial domination by the ruling elite influenced the appearance of the city. The elite used cultural objects both to maintain and perpetuate their control over not merely ...
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This chapter examines how imperial domination by the ruling elite influenced the appearance of the city. The elite used cultural objects both to maintain and perpetuate their control over not merely Roman society, but other peoples as well. Such display was not just an additional luxury of conquest, but inherently bound up with it.Less
This chapter examines how imperial domination by the ruling elite influenced the appearance of the city. The elite used cultural objects both to maintain and perpetuate their control over not merely Roman society, but other peoples as well. Such display was not just an additional luxury of conquest, but inherently bound up with it.
Steven Rutledge
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199573233
- eISBN:
- 9780191804441
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199573233.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
In antiquity, Rome represented one of the world's great cultural capitals. The city constituted a collective repository for various commemoratives, cultural artefacts, and curiosities, not to mention ...
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In antiquity, Rome represented one of the world's great cultural capitals. The city constituted a collective repository for various commemoratives, cultural artefacts, and curiosities, not to mention plunder taken in war, and over its history became what we might call a ‘museum city’. This book considers how cultural objects and memorabilia both from Rome and its empire came to reflect a specific Roman identity and, in some instances, to even construct or challenge Roman perceptions of power and of the self. The book argues that Roman cultural values and identity are indicated in part by what sort of materials Romans deemed worthy of display and how they chose to display, view, and preserve them. Grounded in the growing field of museum studies, this book includes a discussion on private acquisition of cultural property and asks how well the Roman community at large understood the meaning and history behind various objects and memorabilia. Of particular importance was the use of collections by a number of emperors in the further establishment of their legitimacy and authority. Through an examination of specific cultural objects, the book questions how they came to reflect or even perpetuate Roman values and identity.Less
In antiquity, Rome represented one of the world's great cultural capitals. The city constituted a collective repository for various commemoratives, cultural artefacts, and curiosities, not to mention plunder taken in war, and over its history became what we might call a ‘museum city’. This book considers how cultural objects and memorabilia both from Rome and its empire came to reflect a specific Roman identity and, in some instances, to even construct or challenge Roman perceptions of power and of the self. The book argues that Roman cultural values and identity are indicated in part by what sort of materials Romans deemed worthy of display and how they chose to display, view, and preserve them. Grounded in the growing field of museum studies, this book includes a discussion on private acquisition of cultural property and asks how well the Roman community at large understood the meaning and history behind various objects and memorabilia. Of particular importance was the use of collections by a number of emperors in the further establishment of their legitimacy and authority. Through an examination of specific cultural objects, the book questions how they came to reflect or even perpetuate Roman values and identity.
