Rebecca Sager
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195391763
- eISBN:
- 9780199866304
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195391763.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
While most research has focused on federal faith‐based initiatives, what has gone largely unnoticed has been how extensive state faith‐based initiatives have become. State faith‐based initiatives are ...
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While most research has focused on federal faith‐based initiatives, what has gone largely unnoticed has been how extensive state faith‐based initiatives have become. State faith‐based initiatives are in fact more advanced in many ways than implementation at the federal level. States have passed significant faith‐based legislation, something the federal government has never been able to do, and state implementation of these initiatives has begun to shape governmental and faith‐based organizational culture. The consistent efforts of state liaisons and faith‐based conferences, with new faith‐based policies, have created greater opportunities for partnership between faith and government sectors, but have very rarely come up with the resources to make these new efforts work for extended periods of time. Analysis of data illustrates that state faith‐based policies and practices are creating an over‐arching cultural shift away from church/state separation to church/state cooperation.Less
While most research has focused on federal faith‐based initiatives, what has gone largely unnoticed has been how extensive state faith‐based initiatives have become. State faith‐based initiatives are in fact more advanced in many ways than implementation at the federal level. States have passed significant faith‐based legislation, something the federal government has never been able to do, and state implementation of these initiatives has begun to shape governmental and faith‐based organizational culture. The consistent efforts of state liaisons and faith‐based conferences, with new faith‐based policies, have created greater opportunities for partnership between faith and government sectors, but have very rarely come up with the resources to make these new efforts work for extended periods of time. Analysis of data illustrates that state faith‐based policies and practices are creating an over‐arching cultural shift away from church/state separation to church/state cooperation.
Rebecca Sager
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195391763
- eISBN:
- 9780199866304
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195391763.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
There is often more than meets the eye where politics and religion are concerned. Faith‐based initiatives are no exception. Using data from multiple sources, this book examines how and why states ...
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There is often more than meets the eye where politics and religion are concerned. Faith‐based initiatives are no exception. Using data from multiple sources, this book examines how and why states have been creating these policies and practices, revealing three key aspects of faith‐based policy implementation by states: appointment of state actors known as faith‐based liaisons, passage of legislation, and development of state faith‐based policy conferences. Despite the good intentions of some, faith‐based policies did not create significant new programs to help those in need. Instead these initiatives were powerful political symbols used to reshape church‐state relationships and alter the distribution of political power, creating a system in which neither the greatest hopes of the supporters, nor the greatest fears of the opponents have been realized. Supporters hoped faith‐based initiatives would solve problems of poverty and an over‐burdened welfare system, while opponents feared rampant proselytizing with government funds.Less
There is often more than meets the eye where politics and religion are concerned. Faith‐based initiatives are no exception. Using data from multiple sources, this book examines how and why states have been creating these policies and practices, revealing three key aspects of faith‐based policy implementation by states: appointment of state actors known as faith‐based liaisons, passage of legislation, and development of state faith‐based policy conferences. Despite the good intentions of some, faith‐based policies did not create significant new programs to help those in need. Instead these initiatives were powerful political symbols used to reshape church‐state relationships and alter the distribution of political power, creating a system in which neither the greatest hopes of the supporters, nor the greatest fears of the opponents have been realized. Supporters hoped faith‐based initiatives would solve problems of poverty and an over‐burdened welfare system, while opponents feared rampant proselytizing with government funds.
Rebecca Sager
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195391763
- eISBN:
- 9780199866304
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195391763.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
While some see faith‐based initiatives as ephemeral, there is reason to believe that they can impact policy in the future by reshaping how the United States views the norm of church‐state separation. ...
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While some see faith‐based initiatives as ephemeral, there is reason to believe that they can impact policy in the future by reshaping how the United States views the norm of church‐state separation. States have created extensive faith‐based bureaucracies, connecting government to religious groups and affecting the delicate balance between church and state for many years to come. These initiatives have flourished because of the confluence of fiscal need, social need, and religious belief with the political rhetoric surrounding them. State faith‐based initiatives have created a phenomenon that is beneficial for many politicians and political leaders, who can say they have helped and show off their new offices and policies, without having to come up with new money. The policies and practices that make up state faith‐based initiatives do not do what their supporters originally promised; rather, they have created a new cultural understanding of church and state.Less
While some see faith‐based initiatives as ephemeral, there is reason to believe that they can impact policy in the future by reshaping how the United States views the norm of church‐state separation. States have created extensive faith‐based bureaucracies, connecting government to religious groups and affecting the delicate balance between church and state for many years to come. These initiatives have flourished because of the confluence of fiscal need, social need, and religious belief with the political rhetoric surrounding them. State faith‐based initiatives have created a phenomenon that is beneficial for many politicians and political leaders, who can say they have helped and show off their new offices and policies, without having to come up with new money. The policies and practices that make up state faith‐based initiatives do not do what their supporters originally promised; rather, they have created a new cultural understanding of church and state.
Mukti Khaire
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780804792219
- eISBN:
- 9781503603080
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804792219.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
This chapter systematically explicates how intermediaries construct the value of cultural goods to better understand the entrepreneurial implications of their functions. Three key properties of ...
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This chapter systematically explicates how intermediaries construct the value of cultural goods to better understand the entrepreneurial implications of their functions. Three key properties of cultural goods—high symbolism, proliferation, and subjectivity—juxtaposed against three key valuation elements—categories, criteria, and standards—define the specific functions that intermediaries perform. Intermediaries make cultural goods visible through introduction, the sharing of information. They also instruct consumers, that is, they decode the symbolic meaning and value of the good. Finally, intermediaries perform the inclusion function, selectively validating the quality of certain cultural goods. These functions, although neither sharply demarcated nor linearly executed, result in a value pyramid, where goods at the highest apex of quality fetch either very high aggregate sales or individual prices. Operating as an entrepreneurial intermediary—pioneering or otherwise—that performs one or more of these functions brings different sets of challenges and has different implications for effective market creation.Less
This chapter systematically explicates how intermediaries construct the value of cultural goods to better understand the entrepreneurial implications of their functions. Three key properties of cultural goods—high symbolism, proliferation, and subjectivity—juxtaposed against three key valuation elements—categories, criteria, and standards—define the specific functions that intermediaries perform. Intermediaries make cultural goods visible through introduction, the sharing of information. They also instruct consumers, that is, they decode the symbolic meaning and value of the good. Finally, intermediaries perform the inclusion function, selectively validating the quality of certain cultural goods. These functions, although neither sharply demarcated nor linearly executed, result in a value pyramid, where goods at the highest apex of quality fetch either very high aggregate sales or individual prices. Operating as an entrepreneurial intermediary—pioneering or otherwise—that performs one or more of these functions brings different sets of challenges and has different implications for effective market creation.
Mukti Khaire
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780804792219
- eISBN:
- 9781503603080
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804792219.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
This book describes how commercial ventures in creative industries have cultural impact. Since royal patronage of arts ended, firms in the creative industries, working within the market mechanism, ...
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This book describes how commercial ventures in creative industries have cultural impact. Since royal patronage of arts ended, firms in the creative industries, working within the market mechanism, have been responsible for the production and distribution of the cultural goods—art, books, films, fashion, and music—that enrich our lives. This book counters the popular perception that this marriage of art and business is a necessary evil, proposing instead that entrepreneurs who introduce radically new cultural works to the market must bring about a change in society’s beliefs about what is appropriate and valuable to encourage consumption of these goods. In so doing, these pioneer entrepreneurs change minds, not just lives; the seeds of cultural change are embedded in the world of commerce. Building on theories of value construction and cultural production, integrated with field research on pioneer firms (like Chanel and the Sundance Institute) and new market categories (like modern art and high fashion in India), the author develops conceptual frameworks that explain the structure and functioning of creative industries. Through a systematic exposition of the roles and functions of the players in this space—creators, producers, and intermediaries—the book proposes a new way to understand the relationship among markets, entrepreneurship, and culture. Khaire also discusses challenges inherent in being entrepreneurial in the creative industries, paying special attention to the implications of digitalization and globalization, and suggests prescriptive directions for individuals and firms wishing to balance pecuniary motivations with cultural convictions in this rapidly changing world.Less
This book describes how commercial ventures in creative industries have cultural impact. Since royal patronage of arts ended, firms in the creative industries, working within the market mechanism, have been responsible for the production and distribution of the cultural goods—art, books, films, fashion, and music—that enrich our lives. This book counters the popular perception that this marriage of art and business is a necessary evil, proposing instead that entrepreneurs who introduce radically new cultural works to the market must bring about a change in society’s beliefs about what is appropriate and valuable to encourage consumption of these goods. In so doing, these pioneer entrepreneurs change minds, not just lives; the seeds of cultural change are embedded in the world of commerce. Building on theories of value construction and cultural production, integrated with field research on pioneer firms (like Chanel and the Sundance Institute) and new market categories (like modern art and high fashion in India), the author develops conceptual frameworks that explain the structure and functioning of creative industries. Through a systematic exposition of the roles and functions of the players in this space—creators, producers, and intermediaries—the book proposes a new way to understand the relationship among markets, entrepreneurship, and culture. Khaire also discusses challenges inherent in being entrepreneurial in the creative industries, paying special attention to the implications of digitalization and globalization, and suggests prescriptive directions for individuals and firms wishing to balance pecuniary motivations with cultural convictions in this rapidly changing world.
Janet Blake
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198723516
- eISBN:
- 9780191790300
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198723516.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law, Environmental and Energy Law
This book explores the international (including regional) law currently governing the protection and safeguarding of cultural heritage in peacetime and related international cultural policy-making. ...
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This book explores the international (including regional) law currently governing the protection and safeguarding of cultural heritage in peacetime and related international cultural policy-making. Its scope, therefore, is not limited to the international law per se and an important aspect of this publication is the emphasis placed on broader policy and other contexts within which, and in response to which, this law has developed. Following this approach, the book is organized into nine substantive chapters, each of which deals with a particular topic related to the protection of cultural heritage in peacetime and with an emphasis on the wider policy environment (including political, economic, and social issues) within which the law develops. The specific topics dealt with in these nine chapters are: introducing international cultural heritage law and its place in international law generally; the illicit excavation, export, and trade in cultural objects; cultural heritage located underwater; cultural heritage and the environment; intangible aspects of cultural heritage; protection of cultural products, goods, and services; intellectual property law and heritage; cultural heritage and human rights; and regional approaches and developments in cultural heritage policy- and law-making. In addition, newly emerging topics and challenges are addressed, including the relationship between cultural heritage and sustainable development and the gender dynamics of cultural heritage.Less
This book explores the international (including regional) law currently governing the protection and safeguarding of cultural heritage in peacetime and related international cultural policy-making. Its scope, therefore, is not limited to the international law per se and an important aspect of this publication is the emphasis placed on broader policy and other contexts within which, and in response to which, this law has developed. Following this approach, the book is organized into nine substantive chapters, each of which deals with a particular topic related to the protection of cultural heritage in peacetime and with an emphasis on the wider policy environment (including political, economic, and social issues) within which the law develops. The specific topics dealt with in these nine chapters are: introducing international cultural heritage law and its place in international law generally; the illicit excavation, export, and trade in cultural objects; cultural heritage located underwater; cultural heritage and the environment; intangible aspects of cultural heritage; protection of cultural products, goods, and services; intellectual property law and heritage; cultural heritage and human rights; and regional approaches and developments in cultural heritage policy- and law-making. In addition, newly emerging topics and challenges are addressed, including the relationship between cultural heritage and sustainable development and the gender dynamics of cultural heritage.
Robert James
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719080258
- eISBN:
- 9781781702444
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719080258.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
Cinema-going was the most popular leisure pursuit in the 1930s and had become the essential social habit. This chapter provides a broad survey of the growth of the cinema-going habit in the period, ...
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Cinema-going was the most popular leisure pursuit in the 1930s and had become the essential social habit. This chapter provides a broad survey of the growth of the cinema-going habit in the period, outlines the various reasons behind it and assesses how different consumer groups could be attracted to this relatively new leisure form. The dissemination of the various roles performed by other leisure pursuits is essential to better understand the social and cultural tasks cinema-going performed. The other contrasting leisure activity chosen is reading. Cinema-going was a communal activity, reading was a primarily solitary pastime; the cinema offered a visual and sound experience, reading offered a literary one. There is more than a casual overlap between the cultural experiences of both leisure activities, and many similarities in their production and consumption, which the chapter identifies.Less
Cinema-going was the most popular leisure pursuit in the 1930s and had become the essential social habit. This chapter provides a broad survey of the growth of the cinema-going habit in the period, outlines the various reasons behind it and assesses how different consumer groups could be attracted to this relatively new leisure form. The dissemination of the various roles performed by other leisure pursuits is essential to better understand the social and cultural tasks cinema-going performed. The other contrasting leisure activity chosen is reading. Cinema-going was a communal activity, reading was a primarily solitary pastime; the cinema offered a visual and sound experience, reading offered a literary one. There is more than a casual overlap between the cultural experiences of both leisure activities, and many similarities in their production and consumption, which the chapter identifies.
Minae Mizumura
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231163026
- eISBN:
- 9780231538541
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231163026.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter examines the role of English and other languages in the internet age, where literature is generally ignored. It highlights three significant historical changes that have indubitably ...
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This chapter examines the role of English and other languages in the internet age, where literature is generally ignored. It highlights three significant historical changes that have indubitably weakened the status of literature. The first is the advancement of science, where technological advancements and the growing importance of science can be seen in universities around the world that are relentlessly downsizing the humanities, especially literature. The second is the diversification of cultural goods, which are products that function at once as art and entertainment. The technology of today has made it possible to produce cultural goods, such as film and music, at a high rate. These cultural goods have dethroned the novel as they similarly explore the meaning of human life. The chapter concludes by discussing the third factor, the spread of mass consumer society, which seemingly increases the disparity between the intrinsic value and market value of cultural goods.Less
This chapter examines the role of English and other languages in the internet age, where literature is generally ignored. It highlights three significant historical changes that have indubitably weakened the status of literature. The first is the advancement of science, where technological advancements and the growing importance of science can be seen in universities around the world that are relentlessly downsizing the humanities, especially literature. The second is the diversification of cultural goods, which are products that function at once as art and entertainment. The technology of today has made it possible to produce cultural goods, such as film and music, at a high rate. These cultural goods have dethroned the novel as they similarly explore the meaning of human life. The chapter concludes by discussing the third factor, the spread of mass consumer society, which seemingly increases the disparity between the intrinsic value and market value of cultural goods.
João Silva
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- October 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190215705
- eISBN:
- 9780190215729
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190215705.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western, Popular
This book studies popular entertainment in Portugal and its connections with modern life and nation-building between 1867 and 1910. There was an intense discussion concerning Portugal, that was ...
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This book studies popular entertainment in Portugal and its connections with modern life and nation-building between 1867 and 1910. There was an intense discussion concerning Portugal, that was reflected in the Portuguese entertainment market and permeates the process of nation-building toward the end of the century. New forms of music theater (namely, the operetta and the revue) played a key role in the display and representation of modernity, a process in which the notion of the cultural nation-state was embedded. For this purpose, the idea of the nation was commodified and disseminated through its integration in these entertainment products. The music of the revista is symptomatic of a nationalist logic that underpinned cultural goods. The revista was made up of separate numbers rather than following a plot, and this allowed it to include a selection of varied symbols associated with the nation-state and with transnational entertainment that was presented to and internalized by its audience, who were also able to reproduce this music at home with the piano and the phonograph. The creation of a transnational music market in a period when most of the trade was conducted between or within national economies prefigures later developments. In this context, the Portuguese entertainment market reflected a particular form of negotiation between the local, the national, and the transnational levels, in which gender, class, ethnicity, and technology intertwined with theatrical repertoires, street sounds, and domestic music makingLess
This book studies popular entertainment in Portugal and its connections with modern life and nation-building between 1867 and 1910. There was an intense discussion concerning Portugal, that was reflected in the Portuguese entertainment market and permeates the process of nation-building toward the end of the century. New forms of music theater (namely, the operetta and the revue) played a key role in the display and representation of modernity, a process in which the notion of the cultural nation-state was embedded. For this purpose, the idea of the nation was commodified and disseminated through its integration in these entertainment products. The music of the revista is symptomatic of a nationalist logic that underpinned cultural goods. The revista was made up of separate numbers rather than following a plot, and this allowed it to include a selection of varied symbols associated with the nation-state and with transnational entertainment that was presented to and internalized by its audience, who were also able to reproduce this music at home with the piano and the phonograph. The creation of a transnational music market in a period when most of the trade was conducted between or within national economies prefigures later developments. In this context, the Portuguese entertainment market reflected a particular form of negotiation between the local, the national, and the transnational levels, in which gender, class, ethnicity, and technology intertwined with theatrical repertoires, street sounds, and domestic music making
João Silva
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- October 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190215705
- eISBN:
- 9780190215729
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190215705.003.0004
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western, Popular
This chapter analyzes the materials associated with a ruralist notion of popular culture and its integration in the entertainment market. This stands as both a consequence of and as a complement to ...
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This chapter analyzes the materials associated with a ruralist notion of popular culture and its integration in the entertainment market. This stands as both a consequence of and as a complement to the effort of grounding the Portuguese nation on scientific knowledge. The study of vernacular song was not limited to rural repertoires, as the first historical endeavors that concentrated on presenting fado as a musical and poetic genre were published during the first decade of the twentieth century. However, many heterogeneous songs with “fado” in their title were already circulating in Portugal, evidencing the polysemic use of this term. Forms of the same music found their way into both rural and urban repertoires, creating problems for a perspective that depends on a clear segmentation between the urban and the rural or between the ethnological and the entertaining.Less
This chapter analyzes the materials associated with a ruralist notion of popular culture and its integration in the entertainment market. This stands as both a consequence of and as a complement to the effort of grounding the Portuguese nation on scientific knowledge. The study of vernacular song was not limited to rural repertoires, as the first historical endeavors that concentrated on presenting fado as a musical and poetic genre were published during the first decade of the twentieth century. However, many heterogeneous songs with “fado” in their title were already circulating in Portugal, evidencing the polysemic use of this term. Forms of the same music found their way into both rural and urban repertoires, creating problems for a perspective that depends on a clear segmentation between the urban and the rural or between the ethnological and the entertaining.
