Avner Greif
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198292203
- eISBN:
- 9780191684883
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198292203.003.0012
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter discusses cultural beliefs as a common resource in an integrating world. The chapter states that recent developments in transportation, communication, and information technologies have ...
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This chapter discusses cultural beliefs as a common resource in an integrating world. The chapter states that recent developments in transportation, communication, and information technologies have strengthened the economic and cultural interactions between different societies throughout the world. The chapter also states that inter-society interaction is increasingly characterized by a deliberate borrowing of institutions and cultural attributes from one society by another, which is a process that has recently gained momentum from the events in Eastern Europe. The chapter explains that culture is defined by sociologists as consisting of cultural beliefs, values, and symbols, and that cultural beliefs are ideas and thoughts that are common to several individuals who differ in their knowledge, and that they therefore cannot be proved empirically.Less
This chapter discusses cultural beliefs as a common resource in an integrating world. The chapter states that recent developments in transportation, communication, and information technologies have strengthened the economic and cultural interactions between different societies throughout the world. The chapter also states that inter-society interaction is increasingly characterized by a deliberate borrowing of institutions and cultural attributes from one society by another, which is a process that has recently gained momentum from the events in Eastern Europe. The chapter explains that culture is defined by sociologists as consisting of cultural beliefs, values, and symbols, and that cultural beliefs are ideas and thoughts that are common to several individuals who differ in their knowledge, and that they therefore cannot be proved empirically.
Jeffrey Jensen Arnett
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195383430
- eISBN:
- 9780199827176
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195383430.003.0012
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter examines the theory of emerging adulthood from the perspective of cultural psychology. First it provides a brief overview of the theory. Then it addresses the ways “one size fits all” ...
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This chapter examines the theory of emerging adulthood from the perspective of cultural psychology. First it provides a brief overview of the theory. Then it addresses the ways “one size fits all” with respect to emerging adulthood, that is, the demographic and cultural changes that have taken places in many regions worldwide to lay the groundwork for the emerging adulthood life stage. Next it describes the demographic and cultural variability that exists in emerging adulthood worldwide. Finally, the chapter bridges cultural and developmental psychology by focusing on the cultural beliefs that are at the heart of emerging adulthood, in the West and in other world regions.Less
This chapter examines the theory of emerging adulthood from the perspective of cultural psychology. First it provides a brief overview of the theory. Then it addresses the ways “one size fits all” with respect to emerging adulthood, that is, the demographic and cultural changes that have taken places in many regions worldwide to lay the groundwork for the emerging adulthood life stage. Next it describes the demographic and cultural variability that exists in emerging adulthood worldwide. Finally, the chapter bridges cultural and developmental psychology by focusing on the cultural beliefs that are at the heart of emerging adulthood, in the West and in other world regions.
Letty Y-Y. Kwan and Ying-yi Hong
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199985463
- eISBN:
- 9780199385607
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199985463.003.0005
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter reviews past literature to elucidate the relationship between culture, group processes and trust. Culture has a profound impact on trust, and the underpinning processes are often linked ...
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This chapter reviews past literature to elucidate the relationship between culture, group processes and trust. Culture has a profound impact on trust, and the underpinning processes are often linked to the shared understanding of the relation between individual and group in a cultural context. The current chapter highlights the impact of culture has on the three separate trust processes – trust formation, dissolution and restoration. Specifically, three contributing factors -- trustor’s characteristics, trustee’s characteristics, and the institutional processes affect trust, but the relative importance of these factors differs across cultures. The chapter concludes by reviewing how cultural lay beliefs and cultural norms can lead to the relative preference for using one of the factors over others in different cultures.Less
This chapter reviews past literature to elucidate the relationship between culture, group processes and trust. Culture has a profound impact on trust, and the underpinning processes are often linked to the shared understanding of the relation between individual and group in a cultural context. The current chapter highlights the impact of culture has on the three separate trust processes – trust formation, dissolution and restoration. Specifically, three contributing factors -- trustor’s characteristics, trustee’s characteristics, and the institutional processes affect trust, but the relative importance of these factors differs across cultures. The chapter concludes by reviewing how cultural lay beliefs and cultural norms can lead to the relative preference for using one of the factors over others in different cultures.
Wendy Brown
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823226443
- eISBN:
- 9780823237043
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823226443.003.0016
- Subject:
- Religion, World Religions
This chapter examines political liberalism's ideal of tolerance, starting out with the troubling observation that recent years have seen a “culturalization of conflict”, ...
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This chapter examines political liberalism's ideal of tolerance, starting out with the troubling observation that recent years have seen a “culturalization of conflict”, in which an opposition has been drawn between liberal culture, premised upon moral autonomy, neutrality, and tolerance, on the one hand, and non-liberal, intolerant, and ultimately barbaric cultures, on the other. The transposition of conflict from questions of the market, the state, capitalism, or democracy to “culture” on an “overt premise of liberal tolerance,'' namely, that “religious, cultural, or ethnic differences are sites of natural or native hostility”. This chapter asks two sets of related questions: What is the relation between the binding force of the social contract and the binding force of culture or religion? Why isn't the social contract sufficient for reducing the significance of subnational group hostilities? With liberalism and the Kantian conception of individual autonomy and reason on which it is based, Sigmund Freud's pathologization of groups shares the conviction that cultural beliefs are more volatile if they are “public” rather than “private” or “familial”. This chapter also probes Strauss's account of modern liberalism through his critique of Eric Havelock, and expounds on Americanism and terrorism.Less
This chapter examines political liberalism's ideal of tolerance, starting out with the troubling observation that recent years have seen a “culturalization of conflict”, in which an opposition has been drawn between liberal culture, premised upon moral autonomy, neutrality, and tolerance, on the one hand, and non-liberal, intolerant, and ultimately barbaric cultures, on the other. The transposition of conflict from questions of the market, the state, capitalism, or democracy to “culture” on an “overt premise of liberal tolerance,'' namely, that “religious, cultural, or ethnic differences are sites of natural or native hostility”. This chapter asks two sets of related questions: What is the relation between the binding force of the social contract and the binding force of culture or religion? Why isn't the social contract sufficient for reducing the significance of subnational group hostilities? With liberalism and the Kantian conception of individual autonomy and reason on which it is based, Sigmund Freud's pathologization of groups shares the conviction that cultural beliefs are more volatile if they are “public” rather than “private” or “familial”. This chapter also probes Strauss's account of modern liberalism through his critique of Eric Havelock, and expounds on Americanism and terrorism.
Joan Costa-Font and Azusa Sato
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262035651
- eISBN:
- 9780262337915
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035651.003.0011
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, History of Economic Thought
Traditional medicines continue to be widely used worldwide despite the increasing availability of modern medicines. We term this phenomenon the ‘traditional medicines paradox’. We investigate a ...
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Traditional medicines continue to be widely used worldwide despite the increasing availability of modern medicines. We term this phenomenon the ‘traditional medicines paradox’. We investigate a potential explanation for such a paradox, namely the presence of ‘entrenched cultural beliefs’ in explaining continued use. As such, this paper draws upon unique data collected in Ghana to examine the impact of 6 attitudes towards traditional medicines and healers on utilisation. To further test the importance of attitudes, we look at data from the Philippines. In both cases, cultural attitudes such as perceived healer knowledge, trust, belief in ability to cure, and acceptability are found to be significantly associated with utilisation. Hence it is unlikely that traditional medicines will be supplanted simply by increasing access to modern drugs as they are not perceived to be substitutes and the systems exhibit divergent logic.Less
Traditional medicines continue to be widely used worldwide despite the increasing availability of modern medicines. We term this phenomenon the ‘traditional medicines paradox’. We investigate a potential explanation for such a paradox, namely the presence of ‘entrenched cultural beliefs’ in explaining continued use. As such, this paper draws upon unique data collected in Ghana to examine the impact of 6 attitudes towards traditional medicines and healers on utilisation. To further test the importance of attitudes, we look at data from the Philippines. In both cases, cultural attitudes such as perceived healer knowledge, trust, belief in ability to cure, and acceptability are found to be significantly associated with utilisation. Hence it is unlikely that traditional medicines will be supplanted simply by increasing access to modern drugs as they are not perceived to be substitutes and the systems exhibit divergent logic.
Robert A. Hinde
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198523901
- eISBN:
- 9780191689048
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198523901.003.0012
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
To be able to understand human social behaviour and human diversity, this chapter focuses on the relations between one's biological heritage and the complexities of cultural beliefs in more complex ...
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To be able to understand human social behaviour and human diversity, this chapter focuses on the relations between one's biological heritage and the complexities of cultural beliefs in more complex societies. Its aim is to merely sketch an emphasis on the need to understand social behaviour in terms of levels of social complexity; provide a brief reference to the nature of ‘culture’; give a discussion of human universals; and show some examples of the dialectical relations between individuals, the successive levels of social complexity, and the ‘socio-cultural structure’.Less
To be able to understand human social behaviour and human diversity, this chapter focuses on the relations between one's biological heritage and the complexities of cultural beliefs in more complex societies. Its aim is to merely sketch an emphasis on the need to understand social behaviour in terms of levels of social complexity; provide a brief reference to the nature of ‘culture’; give a discussion of human universals; and show some examples of the dialectical relations between individuals, the successive levels of social complexity, and the ‘socio-cultural structure’.
Douglas P. Fry
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199858996
- eISBN:
- 9780199332687
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199858996.003.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Evolutionary Psychology
This chapter highlights some of the salient points in each of the book's five topical sections. It seeks to demonstrate, with concrete recent examples, that cultural bias significantly distorts the ...
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This chapter highlights some of the salient points in each of the book's five topical sections. It seeks to demonstrate, with concrete recent examples, that cultural bias significantly distorts the study of peace and war. Rather than relax the striving for objectivity and the canons of science, addressing this serious problem means developing a greater awareness of the powerful grasp that cultural beliefs have on research related to peace and war, striving for self-awareness of one's own beliefs and biases regarding this topic, and applying the rigors of well-practiced science to one's own research and to the assessment of the findings of others.Less
This chapter highlights some of the salient points in each of the book's five topical sections. It seeks to demonstrate, with concrete recent examples, that cultural bias significantly distorts the study of peace and war. Rather than relax the striving for objectivity and the canons of science, addressing this serious problem means developing a greater awareness of the powerful grasp that cultural beliefs have on research related to peace and war, striving for self-awareness of one's own beliefs and biases regarding this topic, and applying the rigors of well-practiced science to one's own research and to the assessment of the findings of others.
Suzanne Gaskins, Marjorie Beeghly, Kim A. Bard, Ariane Gernhardt, Cindy H. Liu, Douglas M. Teti, Ross A. Thompson, Thomas S. Weisner, and Relindis D. Yovsi
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780262036900
- eISBN:
- 9780262342872
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262036900.003.0013
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
Ideas and claims about children’s development (e.g., concerning attachment relationships) that have found broad acceptance in the academic community have impacted the development of policy in ...
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Ideas and claims about children’s development (e.g., concerning attachment relationships) that have found broad acceptance in the academic community have impacted the development of policy in governmental and international organizations. These accepted ideas and claims, in turn, have been incorporated into practice and services provided to families in various forms (e.g., social work, child care). The reconceptualization of attachment systems proposed in this volume—in particular, the explicit evaluation of the influence of multiple attachment figures on children that is normative in many societies—should have profound effects on both policy and practice. This chapter addresses issues that need to be considered if society is to integrate current understanding of the cultural nature of attachment into policy and practice.Less
Ideas and claims about children’s development (e.g., concerning attachment relationships) that have found broad acceptance in the academic community have impacted the development of policy in governmental and international organizations. These accepted ideas and claims, in turn, have been incorporated into practice and services provided to families in various forms (e.g., social work, child care). The reconceptualization of attachment systems proposed in this volume—in particular, the explicit evaluation of the influence of multiple attachment figures on children that is normative in many societies—should have profound effects on both policy and practice. This chapter addresses issues that need to be considered if society is to integrate current understanding of the cultural nature of attachment into policy and practice.
Ning Zhang, Li-Jun Ji, and Tieyuan Guo
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780199348541
- eISBN:
- 9780190695705
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199348541.003.0003
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Lay theories of change refer to beliefs people hold about how events develop over time and are related to each other. This chapter reviews cultural differences in lay theories of change between East ...
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Lay theories of change refer to beliefs people hold about how events develop over time and are related to each other. This chapter reviews cultural differences in lay theories of change between East Asians and Euro-Americans/Canadians. The overarching theme from the existing research is that East Asians tend to believe more than Westerners that phenomena change in a cyclical way, whereas Westerners tend to believe that events are either relatively stable or develop in a linear fashion. This cultural variation is manifested in a wide range of predictions and decisions. Furthermore, Euro–North Americans are more likely than East Asians to hold linear beliefs about the correspondence between cause and effect in magnitude, and between appearance and reality (e.g., a strong appearance corresponds to a strong internal state). The chapter also discusses the cultural underpinnings of lay theories of change and directions for future research.Less
Lay theories of change refer to beliefs people hold about how events develop over time and are related to each other. This chapter reviews cultural differences in lay theories of change between East Asians and Euro-Americans/Canadians. The overarching theme from the existing research is that East Asians tend to believe more than Westerners that phenomena change in a cyclical way, whereas Westerners tend to believe that events are either relatively stable or develop in a linear fashion. This cultural variation is manifested in a wide range of predictions and decisions. Furthermore, Euro–North Americans are more likely than East Asians to hold linear beliefs about the correspondence between cause and effect in magnitude, and between appearance and reality (e.g., a strong appearance corresponds to a strong internal state). The chapter also discusses the cultural underpinnings of lay theories of change and directions for future research.
Gregory D. Smithers
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780300169607
- eISBN:
- 9780300216585
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300169607.003.0010
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Native American Studies
This book explores the origins of the Cherokee diaspora, focusing on the years roughly between 1756 and 1945. It investigates how or why the Cherokee people became a traveling, diasporic people and ...
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This book explores the origins of the Cherokee diaspora, focusing on the years roughly between 1756 and 1945. It investigates how or why the Cherokee people became a traveling, diasporic people and the manner in which they interpreted narratives about their origins, understood their relationships to other human beings, and reimagined their cultural beliefs and kinship practices in new places. It considers the impact of eighteenth-century colonialism on the purpose of travel and the nature of Cherokee politics and diplomacy. The discussion centers on three interconnected concepts: migration and resettlement, memory, and identity. Part I of the book deals with the significance of Cherokee narratives about human creation and migration, whereas Part II examines the nuances of Cherokee identity during the American Civil War, the tumultuous decades of Reconstruction, and the rise of the allotment, assimilation, and termination era in the period spanning the 1880s and World War II.Less
This book explores the origins of the Cherokee diaspora, focusing on the years roughly between 1756 and 1945. It investigates how or why the Cherokee people became a traveling, diasporic people and the manner in which they interpreted narratives about their origins, understood their relationships to other human beings, and reimagined their cultural beliefs and kinship practices in new places. It considers the impact of eighteenth-century colonialism on the purpose of travel and the nature of Cherokee politics and diplomacy. The discussion centers on three interconnected concepts: migration and resettlement, memory, and identity. Part I of the book deals with the significance of Cherokee narratives about human creation and migration, whereas Part II examines the nuances of Cherokee identity during the American Civil War, the tumultuous decades of Reconstruction, and the rise of the allotment, assimilation, and termination era in the period spanning the 1880s and World War II.
Peter Demerath
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226142395
- eISBN:
- 9780226142425
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226142425.003.0002
- Subject:
- Education, Secondary Education
This chapter describes the community examined in this book and the Wilton Way and details the more-or-less shared beliefs that comprise this ideology, including the distinctiveness of the community, ...
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This chapter describes the community examined in this book and the Wilton Way and details the more-or-less shared beliefs that comprise this ideology, including the distinctiveness of the community, community members' awareness of competition, expectations for individual success, and paramount beliefs in the importance of self-worth. The cja[ter shows how class cultural beliefs underlie the local philosophy of schooling, and discusses how this fluid linkage between the community and its schools was a key point of articulation in this cultural system. Details of the Wilton Way are provided in this chapter because it gave the ideological basis for how its residents lived their everyday lives, including the parenting practices, school policies, student identities, and academic strategies. It is noted that nearly ten years earlier, the cultural psychologist William Damon (1995) referred to such parenting styles as “overindulgent.”Less
This chapter describes the community examined in this book and the Wilton Way and details the more-or-less shared beliefs that comprise this ideology, including the distinctiveness of the community, community members' awareness of competition, expectations for individual success, and paramount beliefs in the importance of self-worth. The cja[ter shows how class cultural beliefs underlie the local philosophy of schooling, and discusses how this fluid linkage between the community and its schools was a key point of articulation in this cultural system. Details of the Wilton Way are provided in this chapter because it gave the ideological basis for how its residents lived their everyday lives, including the parenting practices, school policies, student identities, and academic strategies. It is noted that nearly ten years earlier, the cultural psychologist William Damon (1995) referred to such parenting styles as “overindulgent.”
Allen Johnson
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520232419
- eISBN:
- 9780520936294
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520232419.003.0007
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Latin American Cultural Anthropology
This chapter summarizes the findings and restates the case for the Matsigenka Indians as a family level society. It explains that family level societies similar in their general characteristics to ...
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This chapter summarizes the findings and restates the case for the Matsigenka Indians as a family level society. It explains that family level societies similar in their general characteristics to the Matsigenka are a basic form of human society and they were the predominant form of human society for much of prehistory. It clarifies that the Matsigenka live in an extraordinarily complex, culturally constructed world that differs from tribal societies primarily in the flexibility allowed within its social structure and cultural beliefs for family autonomy in response to changing opportunities.Less
This chapter summarizes the findings and restates the case for the Matsigenka Indians as a family level society. It explains that family level societies similar in their general characteristics to the Matsigenka are a basic form of human society and they were the predominant form of human society for much of prehistory. It clarifies that the Matsigenka live in an extraordinarily complex, culturally constructed world that differs from tribal societies primarily in the flexibility allowed within its social structure and cultural beliefs for family autonomy in response to changing opportunities.
Carrie Yodanis
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804763578
- eISBN:
- 9780804773744
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804763578.003.0009
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
This chapter focuses on the cultural ideals of the institution of marriage and the implications of changing cultural beliefs about marriage for the domestic organization of households. It uses survey ...
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This chapter focuses on the cultural ideals of the institution of marriage and the implications of changing cultural beliefs about marriage for the domestic organization of households. It uses survey data to rank countries on the importance placed on intimacy in marriage and examines how dominant beliefs about marriage within countries are related to a less gendered division of housework between spouses.Less
This chapter focuses on the cultural ideals of the institution of marriage and the implications of changing cultural beliefs about marriage for the domestic organization of households. It uses survey data to rank countries on the importance placed on intimacy in marriage and examines how dominant beliefs about marriage within countries are related to a less gendered division of housework between spouses.
Julietta Hua
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816675609
- eISBN:
- 9781452946375
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816675609.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
The history of human beings bought and sold, forced into lives of abject servitude or sexual slavery, is a story as old as civilization and yet still of global concern today. How this story is told, ...
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The history of human beings bought and sold, forced into lives of abject servitude or sexual slavery, is a story as old as civilization and yet still of global concern today. How this story is told, the book argues, says much about our cultural beliefs. Through a critical inquiry into representations of human trafficking, it reveals the political, social, and cultural strains underlying our current preoccupation with this issue and the difficulty of framing human rights in universal terms. The book maps the ways in which government, media, and scholarship have described sex trafficking for U.S. consumption. As the book’s investigation takes us from laws like the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act to political speeches and literary and media images, it uncovers dark assumptions about race, difference, and the United States’s place in the world expressed—and often promoted—by such images. The framing itself, exploiting dichotomies of victim/agent, rescued/rescuer, trafficked/smuggled, illustrates the limits of universalism in addressing human rights.Less
The history of human beings bought and sold, forced into lives of abject servitude or sexual slavery, is a story as old as civilization and yet still of global concern today. How this story is told, the book argues, says much about our cultural beliefs. Through a critical inquiry into representations of human trafficking, it reveals the political, social, and cultural strains underlying our current preoccupation with this issue and the difficulty of framing human rights in universal terms. The book maps the ways in which government, media, and scholarship have described sex trafficking for U.S. consumption. As the book’s investigation takes us from laws like the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act to political speeches and literary and media images, it uncovers dark assumptions about race, difference, and the United States’s place in the world expressed—and often promoted—by such images. The framing itself, exploiting dichotomies of victim/agent, rescued/rescuer, trafficked/smuggled, illustrates the limits of universalism in addressing human rights.
Iyabo Ayodele Fatimilehin
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781447335801
- eISBN:
- 9781447335856
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447335801.003.0009
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter discusses family group conferences (FGCs) and marginalised communities. FGCs offer an alternative and more sustainable approach to working with families who are marginalised or socially ...
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This chapter discusses family group conferences (FGCs) and marginalised communities. FGCs offer an alternative and more sustainable approach to working with families who are marginalised or socially excluded. Used in the right way, and with due regard paid to the culture and context in which families are living, FGCs are a powerful and effective intervention. The danger is that practitioners and services believe that it is automatically culturally competent, and they need to be aware that it operates as a framework that embraces culture if true partnerships are formed with families and they are empowered to make choices about the way that the model works for them. In order to do this, practitioners must be able to have conversations with families about their cultural beliefs, values, and practices and work with them to ensure that the FGC embodies this. Furthermore, FGCs have the potential to strengthen and build communities and social capital.Less
This chapter discusses family group conferences (FGCs) and marginalised communities. FGCs offer an alternative and more sustainable approach to working with families who are marginalised or socially excluded. Used in the right way, and with due regard paid to the culture and context in which families are living, FGCs are a powerful and effective intervention. The danger is that practitioners and services believe that it is automatically culturally competent, and they need to be aware that it operates as a framework that embraces culture if true partnerships are formed with families and they are empowered to make choices about the way that the model works for them. In order to do this, practitioners must be able to have conversations with families about their cultural beliefs, values, and practices and work with them to ensure that the FGC embodies this. Furthermore, FGCs have the potential to strengthen and build communities and social capital.
Michael Oluf Emerson and Kevin T. Smiley
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781479856794
- eISBN:
- 9781479882922
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479856794.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
In chapter 4, we foreground how residents think about their cities, and the critical role that their cultural beliefs play in underwriting the Market City and the People City—as well as contesting ...
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In chapter 4, we foreground how residents think about their cities, and the critical role that their cultural beliefs play in underwriting the Market City and the People City—as well as contesting it. Specifically, we examine five survey questions that detail how Copenhageners and Houstonians have vastly different beliefs about work, inequality, and government, even across income levels. We also detail how residents are more heterogeneous in their beliefs than are city elites or government, and that it is residents who have the greater capacity for social change. We detail our “solar system” approach of considering how different ideas and groups relate to the gravitational pull of the Market City and People City.Less
In chapter 4, we foreground how residents think about their cities, and the critical role that their cultural beliefs play in underwriting the Market City and the People City—as well as contesting it. Specifically, we examine five survey questions that detail how Copenhageners and Houstonians have vastly different beliefs about work, inequality, and government, even across income levels. We also detail how residents are more heterogeneous in their beliefs than are city elites or government, and that it is residents who have the greater capacity for social change. We detail our “solar system” approach of considering how different ideas and groups relate to the gravitational pull of the Market City and People City.
Sonya Salamon
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807845530
- eISBN:
- 9781469616094
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9780807845530.003.0008
- Subject:
- Anthropology, American and Canadian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter discusses how lifecourse imperatives require an intergenerational transmission of family land about every twenty-five to thirty years. How parents transfer family resources to children ...
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This chapter discusses how lifecourse imperatives require an intergenerational transmission of family land about every twenty-five to thirty years. How parents transfer family resources to children is strongly influenced by inheritance priorities intrinsic to cultural beliefs about land. Household-level decisions—the inheritance patterns of previous generations and the responses of sibling heirs to the patrimony received—have cumulative effects on farm community land tenure patterns. Loyalty among siblings and to the farm—symbolized by a sense of a shared patrimony—is powerfully shaped by the family environment. Families, aware that sibling strife can potentially destroy a landed patrimony, generally attempt to forge solidarity by socializing children to honor an “axiom of amity.”Less
This chapter discusses how lifecourse imperatives require an intergenerational transmission of family land about every twenty-five to thirty years. How parents transfer family resources to children is strongly influenced by inheritance priorities intrinsic to cultural beliefs about land. Household-level decisions—the inheritance patterns of previous generations and the responses of sibling heirs to the patrimony received—have cumulative effects on farm community land tenure patterns. Loyalty among siblings and to the farm—symbolized by a sense of a shared patrimony—is powerfully shaped by the family environment. Families, aware that sibling strife can potentially destroy a landed patrimony, generally attempt to forge solidarity by socializing children to honor an “axiom of amity.”
Yasuhito Kinoshita
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520075955
- eISBN:
- 9780520911789
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520075955.003.0008
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This chapter deals with an aspect of the new phenomenon of Japanese retirement housing that has not yet been well understood by the Japanese themselves: cultural beliefs and expectations about ...
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This chapter deals with an aspect of the new phenomenon of Japanese retirement housing that has not yet been well understood by the Japanese themselves: cultural beliefs and expectations about “welfare” as it applies to the care of the aged. A lack of clear concepts which can guide expectations—specifically, the expectations that management and residents have of one another—has caused serious friction. The chapter analyzes the negative images held by the management and the residents of each other, and the residents' uncooperative attitude, stemming from conflicting interpretations of “contract welfare.”Less
This chapter deals with an aspect of the new phenomenon of Japanese retirement housing that has not yet been well understood by the Japanese themselves: cultural beliefs and expectations about “welfare” as it applies to the care of the aged. A lack of clear concepts which can guide expectations—specifically, the expectations that management and residents have of one another—has caused serious friction. The chapter analyzes the negative images held by the management and the residents of each other, and the residents' uncooperative attitude, stemming from conflicting interpretations of “contract welfare.”
Laura Clawson
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226109589
- eISBN:
- 9780226109633
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226109633.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
The Sacred Harp choral singing tradition originated in the American South in the mid-nineteenth century, spread widely across the country, and continues to thrive today. Sacred Harp is not performed ...
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The Sacred Harp choral singing tradition originated in the American South in the mid-nineteenth century, spread widely across the country, and continues to thrive today. Sacred Harp is not performed but participated in, ideally in large gatherings where, as the a cappella singers face each other around a hollow square, the massed voices take on a moving and almost physical power. This book portrays several Sacred Harp groups and looks at how they manage to maintain a sense of community despite their members' often profound differences. The author's research took her to Alabama and Georgia, to Chicago and Minneapolis, and to Hollywood for a Sacred Harp performance at the Academy Awards, a potent symbol of the conflicting forces at play in the twenty-first-century incarnation of this old genre. She finds that in order for Sacred Harp singers to maintain the bond forged by their love of music, they must grapple with a host of difficult issues, including how to maintain the authenticity of their tradition and how to carefully negotiate the tensions created by their disparate cultural, religious, and political beliefs.Less
The Sacred Harp choral singing tradition originated in the American South in the mid-nineteenth century, spread widely across the country, and continues to thrive today. Sacred Harp is not performed but participated in, ideally in large gatherings where, as the a cappella singers face each other around a hollow square, the massed voices take on a moving and almost physical power. This book portrays several Sacred Harp groups and looks at how they manage to maintain a sense of community despite their members' often profound differences. The author's research took her to Alabama and Georgia, to Chicago and Minneapolis, and to Hollywood for a Sacred Harp performance at the Academy Awards, a potent symbol of the conflicting forces at play in the twenty-first-century incarnation of this old genre. She finds that in order for Sacred Harp singers to maintain the bond forged by their love of music, they must grapple with a host of difficult issues, including how to maintain the authenticity of their tradition and how to carefully negotiate the tensions created by their disparate cultural, religious, and political beliefs.
Clare Williams (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781846311369
- eISBN:
- 9781846315688
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781846315688.003.0010
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This chapter examines fractured social identities by focusing on Thomas Carlyle and his involvement in the ‘Condition–of–England–Question’, which addressed the condition of the working class and its ...
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This chapter examines fractured social identities by focusing on Thomas Carlyle and his involvement in the ‘Condition–of–England–Question’, which addressed the condition of the working class and its implications for the rest of society. It argues that Carlyle, in tackling this question, underwent a serious crisis of social identity as social unrest and competing ideas of democracy presented a major challenge to his own cultural beliefs. It also looks at Carlyle's rhetoric of labour as well as his efforts to authenticate his own projected literary identity as social critic and validate his own mystified perspective on contemporary social relations.Less
This chapter examines fractured social identities by focusing on Thomas Carlyle and his involvement in the ‘Condition–of–England–Question’, which addressed the condition of the working class and its implications for the rest of society. It argues that Carlyle, in tackling this question, underwent a serious crisis of social identity as social unrest and competing ideas of democracy presented a major challenge to his own cultural beliefs. It also looks at Carlyle's rhetoric of labour as well as his efforts to authenticate his own projected literary identity as social critic and validate his own mystified perspective on contemporary social relations.
