Richard Viladesau
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- February 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195188110
- eISBN:
- 9780199784738
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019518811X.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This volume represents the first part of a study of the concept and the symbol of the cross in Christian theology and imagination. It examines the theology of the cross in both its conceptual and ...
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This volume represents the first part of a study of the concept and the symbol of the cross in Christian theology and imagination. It examines the theology of the cross in both its conceptual and aesthetic mediations within specific historical contexts, from the early church to the eve of the renaissance. Each chapter is introduced by a discussion of an artwork — a representation of Christ’s crucifixion — that exemplifies the focus of the chapter. There follows an exposition of a theological paradigm for the interpretation of the Christ’s passion as a salvific event, i.e., a particular Christian soteriology, as seen in the works of classic theologians. These theological ideas are compared and contrasted with aesthetic works that were contemporaneous with the theological classics or that illustrate a parallel theological attitude. The general method is one of correlation between two kinds of interpretation of the Christian tradition and of human experience: between theology as explicit systematic thought and as affective and communicative images. Within the aesthetic realm, this volume emphasizes visual art (various styles of cross and crucifix) and Christian poetry, both liturgical and non-liturgical.Less
This volume represents the first part of a study of the concept and the symbol of the cross in Christian theology and imagination. It examines the theology of the cross in both its conceptual and aesthetic mediations within specific historical contexts, from the early church to the eve of the renaissance. Each chapter is introduced by a discussion of an artwork — a representation of Christ’s crucifixion — that exemplifies the focus of the chapter. There follows an exposition of a theological paradigm for the interpretation of the Christ’s passion as a salvific event, i.e., a particular Christian soteriology, as seen in the works of classic theologians. These theological ideas are compared and contrasted with aesthetic works that were contemporaneous with the theological classics or that illustrate a parallel theological attitude. The general method is one of correlation between two kinds of interpretation of the Christian tradition and of human experience: between theology as explicit systematic thought and as affective and communicative images. Within the aesthetic realm, this volume emphasizes visual art (various styles of cross and crucifix) and Christian poetry, both liturgical and non-liturgical.
Colin Morris
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198269250
- eISBN:
- 9780191600708
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198269250.003.0016
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
Serious theological thinking still tended to be monastic, but cathedral schools were increasingly applying methods derived from logic to theology: an approach in which Abelard was famous. Some of ...
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Serious theological thinking still tended to be monastic, but cathedral schools were increasingly applying methods derived from logic to theology: an approach in which Abelard was famous. Some of these thinkers were notable for the value, which they ascribed to human relationships, in particular, to ‘friendship’. Such concerns lay behind the growing devotion to the crucified humanity of Christ and the doctrine of purgatory.Less
Serious theological thinking still tended to be monastic, but cathedral schools were increasingly applying methods derived from logic to theology: an approach in which Abelard was famous. Some of these thinkers were notable for the value, which they ascribed to human relationships, in particular, to ‘friendship’. Such concerns lay behind the growing devotion to the crucified humanity of Christ and the doctrine of purgatory.
Hilal Elver
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199769292
- eISBN:
- 9780199933136
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199769292.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
In concluding chapter an evaluation is offered of all outcomes of the political and social arguments and court decisions in previously mentioned countries. Throughout the book several conclusions are ...
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In concluding chapter an evaluation is offered of all outcomes of the political and social arguments and court decisions in previously mentioned countries. Throughout the book several conclusions are reached. First, the headscarf controversy extends beyond an individual's freedom of religion, giving rise to the socio-political consequences of being "other," an effect of being a minority religion in Europe and in the United States. In Turkey however, the debate is embedded in its unique history, and the struggle in a religious society to establish and maintain a secular democracy based on the acceptance and representation of heterogeneous culture. Such a goal is compatible with the authoritarian and unchangeable features of the Turkish nation state in early 20th century. Second, the headscarf debate is strongly gendered and this aspects of the debate, is often obscured. The suffering of women who choose to wear a headscarf is an instance of acute discrimination, but as yet has not produced much concern in otherwise liberal democracies. Third, international law in general and international human right courts in particular have failed to protect the individual rights of Muslim women, causing them much grief.Less
In concluding chapter an evaluation is offered of all outcomes of the political and social arguments and court decisions in previously mentioned countries. Throughout the book several conclusions are reached. First, the headscarf controversy extends beyond an individual's freedom of religion, giving rise to the socio-political consequences of being "other," an effect of being a minority religion in Europe and in the United States. In Turkey however, the debate is embedded in its unique history, and the struggle in a religious society to establish and maintain a secular democracy based on the acceptance and representation of heterogeneous culture. Such a goal is compatible with the authoritarian and unchangeable features of the Turkish nation state in early 20th century. Second, the headscarf debate is strongly gendered and this aspects of the debate, is often obscured. The suffering of women who choose to wear a headscarf is an instance of acute discrimination, but as yet has not produced much concern in otherwise liberal democracies. Third, international law in general and international human right courts in particular have failed to protect the individual rights of Muslim women, causing them much grief.
John Howe
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452895
- eISBN:
- 9781501703713
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452895.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This chapter examines the role of art in the tenth and eleventh centuries in helping lead simple souls to God. According to Bernard of Clairvaux, the “bishops have a duty toward both wise and ...
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This chapter examines the role of art in the tenth and eleventh centuries in helping lead simple souls to God. According to Bernard of Clairvaux, the “bishops have a duty toward both wise and foolish. They have to make use of material ornamentation to inspire devotion in a carnal people, incapable of spiritual things.” Conscientious churchmen debated about the merits and demerits of ecclesiastical luxury. In the medieval Latin West, however, a consensus gradually emerged that rich and splendid art had a role to play in helping lead simple souls to God. This chapter discusses the proliferation of altars and reliquaries in crypts, side chapels, and shrines from the Carolingian period forward and their influence on ecclesiastical architecture. It also considers the use of crosses and crucifixes on altars and the reappearance of three-dimensional religious statues in the tenth-century Latin West. Finally, it describes the sorts of ecclesiastical paraphernalia such as books, vestments, and liturgical equipment that were crafted to help bring simple souls to God.Less
This chapter examines the role of art in the tenth and eleventh centuries in helping lead simple souls to God. According to Bernard of Clairvaux, the “bishops have a duty toward both wise and foolish. They have to make use of material ornamentation to inspire devotion in a carnal people, incapable of spiritual things.” Conscientious churchmen debated about the merits and demerits of ecclesiastical luxury. In the medieval Latin West, however, a consensus gradually emerged that rich and splendid art had a role to play in helping lead simple souls to God. This chapter discusses the proliferation of altars and reliquaries in crypts, side chapels, and shrines from the Carolingian period forward and their influence on ecclesiastical architecture. It also considers the use of crosses and crucifixes on altars and the reappearance of three-dimensional religious statues in the tenth-century Latin West. Finally, it describes the sorts of ecclesiastical paraphernalia such as books, vestments, and liturgical equipment that were crafted to help bring simple souls to God.
John Howe
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452895
- eISBN:
- 9781501703713
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452895.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This chapter examines how millennial Latin Christians attempted to approach their God through a specifially Christian theological perspective. It begins by discussing the contemplative spirituality ...
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This chapter examines how millennial Latin Christians attempted to approach their God through a specifially Christian theological perspective. It begins by discussing the contemplative spirituality of Abbot John of Fécamp, who declares in Confessio Theologica: “There are many types of contemplation which the soul devoted to you, O Christ, can profit from and enjoy … Behold, O Lord, when my soul longs for the divine vision, and, reaching out to capture you, meditates and sings of your glory, the burden of the flesh is less heavy, the tumult of thoughts ceases, the weight of our mortality and the well-rehearsed pattern of our anxieties fade … ” This chapter proceeds by exploring spirituality in the tenth and eleventh centuries; how the proliferation of private Masses in the millennial Church potentially turned the Mass into a private prayer; Eucharistic spirituality and the liturgy of the hours; how statues and images functioned in individual spirituality; devotional use of crosses and crucifixes; saints as models of spirituality; and nature as God's art.Less
This chapter examines how millennial Latin Christians attempted to approach their God through a specifially Christian theological perspective. It begins by discussing the contemplative spirituality of Abbot John of Fécamp, who declares in Confessio Theologica: “There are many types of contemplation which the soul devoted to you, O Christ, can profit from and enjoy … Behold, O Lord, when my soul longs for the divine vision, and, reaching out to capture you, meditates and sings of your glory, the burden of the flesh is less heavy, the tumult of thoughts ceases, the weight of our mortality and the well-rehearsed pattern of our anxieties fade … ” This chapter proceeds by exploring spirituality in the tenth and eleventh centuries; how the proliferation of private Masses in the millennial Church potentially turned the Mass into a private prayer; Eucharistic spirituality and the liturgy of the hours; how statues and images functioned in individual spirituality; devotional use of crosses and crucifixes; saints as models of spirituality; and nature as God's art.
Paula M. Kane
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469607603
- eISBN:
- 9781469612560
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9781469607610_Kane
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
One day in 1917, while cooking dinner at home in Manhattan, Margaret Reilly (1884–1937) felt a sharp pain over her heart and claimed to see a crucifix emerging in blood on her skin. Four years later, ...
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One day in 1917, while cooking dinner at home in Manhattan, Margaret Reilly (1884–1937) felt a sharp pain over her heart and claimed to see a crucifix emerging in blood on her skin. Four years later, Reilly entered the convent of the Sisters of the Good Shepherd in Peekskill, New York, where, known as Sister Mary of the Crown of Thorns, she spent most of her life gravely ill and possibly exhibiting Christ's wounds. This portrait of Sister Thorn scrutinizes the responses to this American stigmatic's experiences and illustrates the surprising presence of mystical phenomena in twentieth-century American Catholicism. Drawing on accounts by clerical authorities, ordinary Catholics, doctors, and journalists—as well as on medicine, anthropology, and gender studies—it explores American Catholic mysticism, setting it in the context of life after World War I and showing the war's impact on American Christianity. Sister Thorn's life, the author reveals, marks the beginning of a transition among Catholics from a devotional, Old World piety to a newly confident role in American society.Less
One day in 1917, while cooking dinner at home in Manhattan, Margaret Reilly (1884–1937) felt a sharp pain over her heart and claimed to see a crucifix emerging in blood on her skin. Four years later, Reilly entered the convent of the Sisters of the Good Shepherd in Peekskill, New York, where, known as Sister Mary of the Crown of Thorns, she spent most of her life gravely ill and possibly exhibiting Christ's wounds. This portrait of Sister Thorn scrutinizes the responses to this American stigmatic's experiences and illustrates the surprising presence of mystical phenomena in twentieth-century American Catholicism. Drawing on accounts by clerical authorities, ordinary Catholics, doctors, and journalists—as well as on medicine, anthropology, and gender studies—it explores American Catholic mysticism, setting it in the context of life after World War I and showing the war's impact on American Christianity. Sister Thorn's life, the author reveals, marks the beginning of a transition among Catholics from a devotional, Old World piety to a newly confident role in American society.
Geneviève Zubrzycki
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226391540
- eISBN:
- 9780226391717
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226391717.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
In chapter 5 the author turns her attention to the relationship between religious symbols, cultural patrimony, and secularism in an analysis of the debates over “reasonable accommodation” and the ...
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In chapter 5 the author turns her attention to the relationship between religious symbols, cultural patrimony, and secularism in an analysis of the debates over “reasonable accommodation” and the Charter of Values/Charter of Secularism proposed in 2013, finding trances of the ghostly presence of Catholicism in Québec society.Less
In chapter 5 the author turns her attention to the relationship between religious symbols, cultural patrimony, and secularism in an analysis of the debates over “reasonable accommodation” and the Charter of Values/Charter of Secularism proposed in 2013, finding trances of the ghostly presence of Catholicism in Québec society.
Karl-Heinz Ladeur
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199660384
- eISBN:
- 9780191748264
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199660384.003.0003
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Public International Law
In postmodern societies religious freedom is increasingly transformed into an apolitical private right to opt for a belief. The specificities of different religions and their self-interpretations are ...
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In postmodern societies religious freedom is increasingly transformed into an apolitical private right to opt for a belief. The specificities of different religions and their self-interpretations are ignored. At the same time, the negative freedom ‘to be left alone’ seems to prevail over the positive version of religious freedom. As a consequence, even the factual constraint of having to look at religious symbols (for examples crucifixes) in public schools is regarded as an infringement of religious freedom. At the same time, the new fundamentalist understanding of religion (Christian and Muslim in particular) imposes a paradoxical constraint on its followers to refer to this privatized version of religious freedom in order find a legitimation for their religious vision that remains fixated on the collective self-interpretation of a group that questions the secularization of public institutions. Islam is confronted with particularly pressing conflicts because it has never developed the institutional infrastructure that is characteristic of the Christian religion.Less
In postmodern societies religious freedom is increasingly transformed into an apolitical private right to opt for a belief. The specificities of different religions and their self-interpretations are ignored. At the same time, the negative freedom ‘to be left alone’ seems to prevail over the positive version of religious freedom. As a consequence, even the factual constraint of having to look at religious symbols (for examples crucifixes) in public schools is regarded as an infringement of religious freedom. At the same time, the new fundamentalist understanding of religion (Christian and Muslim in particular) imposes a paradoxical constraint on its followers to refer to this privatized version of religious freedom in order find a legitimation for their religious vision that remains fixated on the collective self-interpretation of a group that questions the secularization of public institutions. Islam is confronted with particularly pressing conflicts because it has never developed the institutional infrastructure that is characteristic of the Christian religion.
Susanna Mancini
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199660384
- eISBN:
- 9780191748264
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199660384.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Public International Law
This chapter examines legal and political responses to the growing presence of Islam in Europe through the lens of Carl Schmitt’s thought. It points out how such responses draw on an essentialist and ...
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This chapter examines legal and political responses to the growing presence of Islam in Europe through the lens of Carl Schmitt’s thought. It points out how such responses draw on an essentialist and idealized notion of the people, and aim at artificially reinforcing the cultural and religious homogeneous character of the European public sphere, thus pursuing an ‘identitarian’ model of democracy. It concludes that the role attributed to the ‘Christian roots’ of Europe in contemporary discourses is analogous to the role that Schmitt ascribed to the Catholic Church in representing the values which were the essence of European civilization and separated it from ‘uncivilized’ others.Less
This chapter examines legal and political responses to the growing presence of Islam in Europe through the lens of Carl Schmitt’s thought. It points out how such responses draw on an essentialist and idealized notion of the people, and aim at artificially reinforcing the cultural and religious homogeneous character of the European public sphere, thus pursuing an ‘identitarian’ model of democracy. It concludes that the role attributed to the ‘Christian roots’ of Europe in contemporary discourses is analogous to the role that Schmitt ascribed to the Catholic Church in representing the values which were the essence of European civilization and separated it from ‘uncivilized’ others.
Paula M. Kane
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781469607603
- eISBN:
- 9781469612560
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469607603.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
This chapter shows how Margaret Reilly received a nudge toward sainthood on an ordinary day in 1917 while cooking dinner. Although the kitchen seems an unlikely place for a mystical encounter, ...
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This chapter shows how Margaret Reilly received a nudge toward sainthood on an ordinary day in 1917 while cooking dinner. Although the kitchen seems an unlikely place for a mystical encounter, Margaret, while stooping over the oven to prepare a fish supper with her mother, felt a sharp pain over her heart and saw a three-dimensional crucifix emerging in blood. Her mother quickly put her to bed and immediately telephoned their pastor. This event was not Margaret's first divine communication. Four years earlier, in November 1913, a two-inch-long red cross had appeared on her breast. On that day, she recalled, “It pleased our dear Lord to send me a very severe illness for which He prepared me in a most extraordinary way.”Less
This chapter shows how Margaret Reilly received a nudge toward sainthood on an ordinary day in 1917 while cooking dinner. Although the kitchen seems an unlikely place for a mystical encounter, Margaret, while stooping over the oven to prepare a fish supper with her mother, felt a sharp pain over her heart and saw a three-dimensional crucifix emerging in blood. Her mother quickly put her to bed and immediately telephoned their pastor. This event was not Margaret's first divine communication. Four years earlier, in November 1913, a two-inch-long red cross had appeared on her breast. On that day, she recalled, “It pleased our dear Lord to send me a very severe illness for which He prepared me in a most extraordinary way.”
CéCile Fromont
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781469618715
- eISBN:
- 9781469618739
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469618739.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, World Early Modern History
This chapter talks about the cross as a central symbol in both Kongo and European religious belief. The cross as a symbol that allowed the two sides to determine the religious significance and ...
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This chapter talks about the cross as a central symbol in both Kongo and European religious belief. The cross as a symbol that allowed the two sides to determine the religious significance and epistemological common ground of the nature of the supernatural and its manifestations. The cross created an opportunity for Christian orthodoxy to recognize central Africa manifestations of immanence and for Kongo to broaden its religious belief to include the powers of Christianity. Kongo artists and patrons expressed their new Kongo Christian worldview through portable and elaborately crafted crucifixes.Less
This chapter talks about the cross as a central symbol in both Kongo and European religious belief. The cross as a symbol that allowed the two sides to determine the religious significance and epistemological common ground of the nature of the supernatural and its manifestations. The cross created an opportunity for Christian orthodoxy to recognize central Africa manifestations of immanence and for Kongo to broaden its religious belief to include the powers of Christianity. Kongo artists and patrons expressed their new Kongo Christian worldview through portable and elaborately crafted crucifixes.
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226647241
- eISBN:
- 9780226647265
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226647265.003.0013
- Subject:
- Literature, Women's Literature
This chapter dwells upon Katherine Parr's “Lamentation of a Sinner,” one of the most free-standing of Parr's works in its preponderance of original composition which presents a life-changing ...
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This chapter dwells upon Katherine Parr's “Lamentation of a Sinner,” one of the most free-standing of Parr's works in its preponderance of original composition which presents a life-changing conversion experience in the mode of a spiritual autobiography. The opening section of the book is penitential and confessional. Parr acknowledges her sins and her indulgence in evilness that condemned and despised God's holy precepts and commandments. She says that she has failed to understand the wonderful mystery of the mercy of God, a heavenly practice of regeneration and a spiritual enchantment of the grace of God. She proclaims that no mortal man is of power to help her and for the multitude of her sins as she did not lift her eyes to heaven, where the seat of judgment is. So she pledges to call upon Christ, the light of the world, the fountain of life, and to declare her ways to the Lord, stop loving darkness better than light so he would have mercy upon her. She decides to inwardly behold Christ upon the cross, relinquish the services of a blind guide called ignorance, who dimmed her eyes forcing her to travel uncomfortably in the foul, wicked, crooked, and perverse ways.Less
This chapter dwells upon Katherine Parr's “Lamentation of a Sinner,” one of the most free-standing of Parr's works in its preponderance of original composition which presents a life-changing conversion experience in the mode of a spiritual autobiography. The opening section of the book is penitential and confessional. Parr acknowledges her sins and her indulgence in evilness that condemned and despised God's holy precepts and commandments. She says that she has failed to understand the wonderful mystery of the mercy of God, a heavenly practice of regeneration and a spiritual enchantment of the grace of God. She proclaims that no mortal man is of power to help her and for the multitude of her sins as she did not lift her eyes to heaven, where the seat of judgment is. So she pledges to call upon Christ, the light of the world, the fountain of life, and to declare her ways to the Lord, stop loving darkness better than light so he would have mercy upon her. She decides to inwardly behold Christ upon the cross, relinquish the services of a blind guide called ignorance, who dimmed her eyes forcing her to travel uncomfortably in the foul, wicked, crooked, and perverse ways.
Bridget Heal
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198737575
- eISBN:
- 9780191800993
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198737575.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Cultural History
Chapter 3 examines in detail the impact of Calvinist reform on Lutheran attitudes towards images in the two territories that form the main focus of this study: Electoral Saxony and Brandenburg. It ...
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Chapter 3 examines in detail the impact of Calvinist reform on Lutheran attitudes towards images in the two territories that form the main focus of this study: Electoral Saxony and Brandenburg. It shows that images served as confessional markers not only for Lutheran theologians but also for laypeople. In Saxony, where Elector Christian I introduced short-lived Calvinist reforms in 1586–91, members of the political elite expressed their loyalty to Lutheranism through the epitaphs and altarpieces that they commissioned. In Brandenburg, where Elector Johann Sigismund attempted to introduce a fully fledged Calvinist Reformation in 1615, there was widespread resistance to iconoclasm. In April 1615, Berlin’s Lutheran inhabitants rioted, in part in response to the stripping of the city’s main church. The chapter analyzes accounts of this riot and considers its legacy, arguing that during this period conflict served to embed images even more firmly in Lutheran confessional consciousness.Less
Chapter 3 examines in detail the impact of Calvinist reform on Lutheran attitudes towards images in the two territories that form the main focus of this study: Electoral Saxony and Brandenburg. It shows that images served as confessional markers not only for Lutheran theologians but also for laypeople. In Saxony, where Elector Christian I introduced short-lived Calvinist reforms in 1586–91, members of the political elite expressed their loyalty to Lutheranism through the epitaphs and altarpieces that they commissioned. In Brandenburg, where Elector Johann Sigismund attempted to introduce a fully fledged Calvinist Reformation in 1615, there was widespread resistance to iconoclasm. In April 1615, Berlin’s Lutheran inhabitants rioted, in part in response to the stripping of the city’s main church. The chapter analyzes accounts of this riot and considers its legacy, arguing that during this period conflict served to embed images even more firmly in Lutheran confessional consciousness.
Bridget Heal
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198737575
- eISBN:
- 9780191800993
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198737575.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Cultural History
Chapter 5 focuses on one particular type of Lutheran devotional image: the crucifix. It examines transformations in Lutheran Passion piety from the early Reformation to the era of Paul Gerhardt ...
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Chapter 5 focuses on one particular type of Lutheran devotional image: the crucifix. It examines transformations in Lutheran Passion piety from the early Reformation to the era of Paul Gerhardt (1607–76), using this to illustrate the increasing significance accorded to images. Luther himself had condemned the excesses of late-medieval Passion piety, with its emphasis on compassion for Christ and the Virgin Mary, on physical pain and on tears. From the later sixteenth century onwards, however, Lutheran sermons, devotional literature, prayers and poetry described Christ’s suffering in increasingly graphic terms. Alongside this, late-medieval images of the Passion were restored and new images were produced. Drawing on case studies from the Erzgebirge, a prosperous mining region in southern Saxony, and Upper Lusatia, the chapter investigates the ways in which images of the Passion were used in Lutheran communities during the seventeenth century.Less
Chapter 5 focuses on one particular type of Lutheran devotional image: the crucifix. It examines transformations in Lutheran Passion piety from the early Reformation to the era of Paul Gerhardt (1607–76), using this to illustrate the increasing significance accorded to images. Luther himself had condemned the excesses of late-medieval Passion piety, with its emphasis on compassion for Christ and the Virgin Mary, on physical pain and on tears. From the later sixteenth century onwards, however, Lutheran sermons, devotional literature, prayers and poetry described Christ’s suffering in increasingly graphic terms. Alongside this, late-medieval images of the Passion were restored and new images were produced. Drawing on case studies from the Erzgebirge, a prosperous mining region in southern Saxony, and Upper Lusatia, the chapter investigates the ways in which images of the Passion were used in Lutheran communities during the seventeenth century.
Justin Collings
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198753377
- eISBN:
- 9780191815003
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198753377.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Philosophy of Law
Chapter 5 assesses the Court’s role in the process of German reunification. The Court played a mediating, integrationist role. It was, at times, the only forum where Eastern interests received a full ...
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Chapter 5 assesses the Court’s role in the process of German reunification. The Court played a mediating, integrationist role. It was, at times, the only forum where Eastern interests received a full hearing and partial vindication. The chapter chronicles a host of landmark decisions dealing with Soviet land expropriations, abortion, free speech, freedom of conscience, and foreign military expeditions. Nearly every core controversy of reunification made its way, in one form or another, before the Court. The Court stirred unprecedented controversy with its freedom of religion and freedom of expression decisions. But once again, respect for the Court’s traditional role ultimately trumped outrage at its recent offences. By the dawn of the new millennium, it was clear that, although the capital had moved from Bonn to Berlin, Germany remained ‘the Karlsruhe Republic’.Less
Chapter 5 assesses the Court’s role in the process of German reunification. The Court played a mediating, integrationist role. It was, at times, the only forum where Eastern interests received a full hearing and partial vindication. The chapter chronicles a host of landmark decisions dealing with Soviet land expropriations, abortion, free speech, freedom of conscience, and foreign military expeditions. Nearly every core controversy of reunification made its way, in one form or another, before the Court. The Court stirred unprecedented controversy with its freedom of religion and freedom of expression decisions. But once again, respect for the Court’s traditional role ultimately trumped outrage at its recent offences. By the dawn of the new millennium, it was clear that, although the capital had moved from Bonn to Berlin, Germany remained ‘the Karlsruhe Republic’.
Joe Moshenska
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780804798501
- eISBN:
- 9781503608740
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804798501.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter opens with a father in Cologne in the 1590s who snapped the arms from a crucifix and gave it to his children as a toy. Returning to the sermon by Edgeworth discussed in the preface, the ...
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This chapter opens with a father in Cologne in the 1590s who snapped the arms from a crucifix and gave it to his children as a toy. Returning to the sermon by Edgeworth discussed in the preface, the chapter considers this broken object as what Edgeworth calls an “idoll”--a hybridization of doll and idoll. This possibility is linked to the wider presence of “holy dolls” in medieval Christianity, but ultimately the doll is explored not as a stable and readily identifiable category but as a way of conceiving of ambiguous objects that may be more or less human at different moments and subjected alternatingly to violence and care. The implications of this possibility are explored in relation to a medieval Christ child, a broken crucifix, and a contemporary representation of a shattered doll.Less
This chapter opens with a father in Cologne in the 1590s who snapped the arms from a crucifix and gave it to his children as a toy. Returning to the sermon by Edgeworth discussed in the preface, the chapter considers this broken object as what Edgeworth calls an “idoll”--a hybridization of doll and idoll. This possibility is linked to the wider presence of “holy dolls” in medieval Christianity, but ultimately the doll is explored not as a stable and readily identifiable category but as a way of conceiving of ambiguous objects that may be more or less human at different moments and subjected alternatingly to violence and care. The implications of this possibility are explored in relation to a medieval Christ child, a broken crucifix, and a contemporary representation of a shattered doll.
