A.F. Borghesani
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199213603
- eISBN:
- 9780191707421
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213603.003.0020
- Subject:
- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials
This chapter reports the small number of experiments on the ion mobility in liquid 3He at intermediate temperatures between the critical point at Tc=3.3 K and T=1 K. The inadequacy of the theoretical ...
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This chapter reports the small number of experiments on the ion mobility in liquid 3He at intermediate temperatures between the critical point at Tc=3.3 K and T=1 K. The inadequacy of the theoretical description in this cross-over region is pointed out.Less
This chapter reports the small number of experiments on the ion mobility in liquid 3He at intermediate temperatures between the critical point at Tc=3.3 K and T=1 K. The inadequacy of the theoretical description in this cross-over region is pointed out.
Olivia Khoo
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622098794
- eISBN:
- 9789882207516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622098794.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter examines how the movements of the fold can be translated and further understood through the movement of Chinese screen actresses, from the Asian film industry into that of the West. It ...
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This chapter examines how the movements of the fold can be translated and further understood through the movement of Chinese screen actresses, from the Asian film industry into that of the West. It focuses on how two popular Hong Kong film stars, Maggie Cheung and Michelle Yeoh, have translated or “crossed over” from Hong Kong cinema into the institutional sites of French art house cinema (Cheung in Olivier Assayas's Irma Vep), and Hollywood (Yeoh in the James Bond film Tomorrow Never Dies). The chapter also explains how the figures of the spy, vamp, and woman warrior, particularly as introduced by Yeoh and Cheung through their cross-over roles, characterize diasporic Chinese femininity.Less
This chapter examines how the movements of the fold can be translated and further understood through the movement of Chinese screen actresses, from the Asian film industry into that of the West. It focuses on how two popular Hong Kong film stars, Maggie Cheung and Michelle Yeoh, have translated or “crossed over” from Hong Kong cinema into the institutional sites of French art house cinema (Cheung in Olivier Assayas's Irma Vep), and Hollywood (Yeoh in the James Bond film Tomorrow Never Dies). The chapter also explains how the figures of the spy, vamp, and woman warrior, particularly as introduced by Yeoh and Cheung through their cross-over roles, characterize diasporic Chinese femininity.
Carol J. Oja
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195058499
- eISBN:
- 9780199865031
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195058499.003.0021
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
On February 12, 1924, Rhapsody in Blue, composed by George Gershwin (1898-1937), premiered at Aeolian Hall in New York City. Soon a group of other composers joined him in a brief but intense movement ...
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On February 12, 1924, Rhapsody in Blue, composed by George Gershwin (1898-1937), premiered at Aeolian Hall in New York City. Soon a group of other composers joined him in a brief but intense movement to produce “highbrow jazz”, including John Alden Carpenter, Aaron Copland, Louis Gruenberg, and William Grant Still. The first three made their careers in concert music, and the last straddled both popular music and concert music. At the same time, parallel forays were being made by European modernists seeking a means of mediating between the rarefied aesthetic terrain of high modernism and the more accessible plains of jazz. Gershwin may have taken his biggest artistic leap of the mid-1920s with another work, the Concerto in F, which represented a more ambitious attempt to bridge independent musical categories. One of the trendsetters in the crossover movement was the jazz-band conductor Paul Whiteman (1890-1967).Less
On February 12, 1924, Rhapsody in Blue, composed by George Gershwin (1898-1937), premiered at Aeolian Hall in New York City. Soon a group of other composers joined him in a brief but intense movement to produce “highbrow jazz”, including John Alden Carpenter, Aaron Copland, Louis Gruenberg, and William Grant Still. The first three made their careers in concert music, and the last straddled both popular music and concert music. At the same time, parallel forays were being made by European modernists seeking a means of mediating between the rarefied aesthetic terrain of high modernism and the more accessible plains of jazz. Gershwin may have taken his biggest artistic leap of the mid-1920s with another work, the Concerto in F, which represented a more ambitious attempt to bridge independent musical categories. One of the trendsetters in the crossover movement was the jazz-band conductor Paul Whiteman (1890-1967).
David R. Roediger
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520233416
- eISBN:
- 9780520930803
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520233416.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter addresses the most widely studied crossover success, Elvis Presley, and the almost entirely unexamined contemporary phenomenon of the “wigger.” In doing this, it tries to illustrate both ...
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This chapter addresses the most widely studied crossover success, Elvis Presley, and the almost entirely unexamined contemporary phenomenon of the “wigger.” In doing this, it tries to illustrate both why cultural crossover matters and why it cannot by itself generate a crossing over into nonwhiteness. It suggests how the vision of a nonwhite society can help to transcend crossover and build a better bridge. Presley's case shows the possibilities and limits of racial crossover. The varied explanations of the origin of the word wigger, and of its meanings are offered. The cases of racial crossovers among people of color have different dynamics but also define no surefire path to unity and liberation. Crossing over still requires the steady, everyday work of organizing to fight against white privilege and against the miseries that make whites settle for those privileges and encourage others to aspire to whiteness.Less
This chapter addresses the most widely studied crossover success, Elvis Presley, and the almost entirely unexamined contemporary phenomenon of the “wigger.” In doing this, it tries to illustrate both why cultural crossover matters and why it cannot by itself generate a crossing over into nonwhiteness. It suggests how the vision of a nonwhite society can help to transcend crossover and build a better bridge. Presley's case shows the possibilities and limits of racial crossover. The varied explanations of the origin of the word wigger, and of its meanings are offered. The cases of racial crossovers among people of color have different dynamics but also define no surefire path to unity and liberation. Crossing over still requires the steady, everyday work of organizing to fight against white privilege and against the miseries that make whites settle for those privileges and encourage others to aspire to whiteness.
Olivia Khoo
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622098794
- eISBN:
- 9789882207516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622098794.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter examines how diasporic Chinese femininity, as translated through cross-over films, can also be produced through mimetic forms of reading and writing. It also examines how ethnicity is ...
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This chapter examines how diasporic Chinese femininity, as translated through cross-over films, can also be produced through mimetic forms of reading and writing. It also examines how ethnicity is produced both within and across different diasporic contexts, and explores how ethnicity functions as a supplement by interrogating the detailing of heterosexuality as a way of reproducing and perpetuating ethnic identity. The chapter focuses on the Asian-Australian example to show how whiteness operates as an ornamental detail that works in tandem with discourses of heterosexuality within a specific regional context. It also highlights the novel Memoirs of a Geisha as a marker of the successful production of ethnicity in a diasporic, cross-cultural context through mimesis.Less
This chapter examines how diasporic Chinese femininity, as translated through cross-over films, can also be produced through mimetic forms of reading and writing. It also examines how ethnicity is produced both within and across different diasporic contexts, and explores how ethnicity functions as a supplement by interrogating the detailing of heterosexuality as a way of reproducing and perpetuating ethnic identity. The chapter focuses on the Asian-Australian example to show how whiteness operates as an ornamental detail that works in tandem with discourses of heterosexuality within a specific regional context. It also highlights the novel Memoirs of a Geisha as a marker of the successful production of ethnicity in a diasporic, cross-cultural context through mimesis.
Jean-Pierre Launay and Michel Verdaguer
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199297788
- eISBN:
- 9780191747021
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199297788.003.0002
- Subject:
- Physics, Atomic, Laser, and Optical Physics
A preliminary discussion of electron properties (charge, angular momentum, spin) and definitions in magnetism is followed by the magnetism of mononuclear complexes — in particular, spin cross-over — ...
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A preliminary discussion of electron properties (charge, angular momentum, spin) and definitions in magnetism is followed by the magnetism of mononuclear complexes — in particular, spin cross-over — showing the role of cooperativity and the sensitivity to external perturbations. Orbital interactions and magnetic exchange are explained in binuclear model systems with localized electrons, with emphasis on heuristic models and recent computational methods. The usefulness of concepts such as overlap and orthogonality is emphasized, and the phenomenological spin Hamiltonian is defined. The concepts are then applied to extended molecular magnetic systems, leading to molecular magnetic materials of various dimensionalities exhibiting bulk ferro- or ferrimagnetism. Magnetic anisotropy is introduced. It is shown that in some cases a slow relaxation of magnetization arises and gives rise to appealing single-ion magnets, single-molecule magnets, or single-chain magnets — a route to storing information at the molecular level.Less
A preliminary discussion of electron properties (charge, angular momentum, spin) and definitions in magnetism is followed by the magnetism of mononuclear complexes — in particular, spin cross-over — showing the role of cooperativity and the sensitivity to external perturbations. Orbital interactions and magnetic exchange are explained in binuclear model systems with localized electrons, with emphasis on heuristic models and recent computational methods. The usefulness of concepts such as overlap and orthogonality is emphasized, and the phenomenological spin Hamiltonian is defined. The concepts are then applied to extended molecular magnetic systems, leading to molecular magnetic materials of various dimensionalities exhibiting bulk ferro- or ferrimagnetism. Magnetic anisotropy is introduced. It is shown that in some cases a slow relaxation of magnetization arises and gives rise to appealing single-ion magnets, single-molecule magnets, or single-chain magnets — a route to storing information at the molecular level.
Nicholas Owen
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190945862
- eISBN:
- 9780190945893
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190945862.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Politics, Social Movements and Social Change, Comparative and Historical Sociology
Chapter 6 considers work in the expressive orientation, which concerns the articulation and expression of identities. The dilemma is one of authenticity, and it turns on questions of provenance. When ...
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Chapter 6 considers work in the expressive orientation, which concerns the articulation and expression of identities. The dilemma is one of authenticity, and it turns on questions of provenance. When the identity is grounded in shared experiences, needs, and desires, the adherent may be well placed to help. When the experiences, needs, and desires are unshared, she is a less possible and less useful ally. Three approaches are distinguished: disjoint “validation,” in which the adherent attests, on the basis of her expertise, that the claimed identity is valid; conjoint “crossing-over” in which the adherent seeks to share the identity-forming experiences of the constituents; and “self-expression,” in which constituents seek to secure their identities alone. The supporting case study for this chapter contrasts the mobilization of male sympathizers in the Edwardian women’s suffrage movement with their demobilization in the Women’s Liberation Movement of the 1970s.Less
Chapter 6 considers work in the expressive orientation, which concerns the articulation and expression of identities. The dilemma is one of authenticity, and it turns on questions of provenance. When the identity is grounded in shared experiences, needs, and desires, the adherent may be well placed to help. When the experiences, needs, and desires are unshared, she is a less possible and less useful ally. Three approaches are distinguished: disjoint “validation,” in which the adherent attests, on the basis of her expertise, that the claimed identity is valid; conjoint “crossing-over” in which the adherent seeks to share the identity-forming experiences of the constituents; and “self-expression,” in which constituents seek to secure their identities alone. The supporting case study for this chapter contrasts the mobilization of male sympathizers in the Edwardian women’s suffrage movement with their demobilization in the Women’s Liberation Movement of the 1970s.
Marta Caminero-Santangelo
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780813062594
- eISBN:
- 9780813051611
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813062594.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter considers works of literary journalism, including Luis Alberto Urrea’s The Devil's Highway, Rubén Martínez’s, Crossing Over: A Mexican Family on the Migrant Trail, and Sonia Nazario’s, ...
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This chapter considers works of literary journalism, including Luis Alberto Urrea’s The Devil's Highway, Rubén Martínez’s, Crossing Over: A Mexican Family on the Migrant Trail, and Sonia Nazario’s, Enrique's Journey: The Story of a Boy's Dangerous Odyssey to Reunite with His Mother. It argues that these accounts seek to counter the strident narrative of immigration as a threat to the existence of the nation by offering alternative narratives in which undocumented people are not imagined, first and foremost, as “aliens.” These texts offer counterdiscourses, reframing the story of immigration in terms that shift the focus from the borders of “our” imagined community to construct alternative notions of ethical communities. The texts employ rhetorical strategies that can be understood through Bakhtinian notions of empathy and exotopy. The narratives solicit readers both to empathize with the subjects of their narrative and to move back to their own subject positions as positions of difference—since only from our own subject positions can meaningful ethical action be undertaken. Nonetheless, these texts are also potentially constrained by the degree to which they reinstate a troubling politics of place that diffuses a sense of urgency and crisis needing address.Less
This chapter considers works of literary journalism, including Luis Alberto Urrea’s The Devil's Highway, Rubén Martínez’s, Crossing Over: A Mexican Family on the Migrant Trail, and Sonia Nazario’s, Enrique's Journey: The Story of a Boy's Dangerous Odyssey to Reunite with His Mother. It argues that these accounts seek to counter the strident narrative of immigration as a threat to the existence of the nation by offering alternative narratives in which undocumented people are not imagined, first and foremost, as “aliens.” These texts offer counterdiscourses, reframing the story of immigration in terms that shift the focus from the borders of “our” imagined community to construct alternative notions of ethical communities. The texts employ rhetorical strategies that can be understood through Bakhtinian notions of empathy and exotopy. The narratives solicit readers both to empathize with the subjects of their narrative and to move back to their own subject positions as positions of difference—since only from our own subject positions can meaningful ethical action be undertaken. Nonetheless, these texts are also potentially constrained by the degree to which they reinstate a troubling politics of place that diffuses a sense of urgency and crisis needing address.
Jean-Pierre Launay and Michel Verdaguer
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- November 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198814597
- eISBN:
- 9780191852411
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198814597.003.0002
- Subject:
- Physics, Atomic, Laser, and Optical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials
After preliminaries about electron properties, and definitions in magnetism, one treats the magnetism of mononuclear complexes, in particular spin cross-over, showing the role of cooperativity and ...
More
After preliminaries about electron properties, and definitions in magnetism, one treats the magnetism of mononuclear complexes, in particular spin cross-over, showing the role of cooperativity and the sensitivity to external perturbations. Orbital interactions and exchange interaction are explained in binuclear model systems, using orbital overlap and orthogonality concepts to explain antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling. The phenomenologically useful Spin Hamiltonian is defined. The concepts are then applied to extended molecular magnetic systems, leading to molecular magnetic materials of various dimensionalities exhibiting bulk ferro- or ferrimagnetism. An illustration is provided by Prussian Blue analogues. Magnetic anisotropy is introduced. It is shown that in some cases, a slow relaxation of magnetization arises and gives rise to appealing single-ion magnets, single-molecule magnets or single-chain magnets, a route to store information at the molecular level.Less
After preliminaries about electron properties, and definitions in magnetism, one treats the magnetism of mononuclear complexes, in particular spin cross-over, showing the role of cooperativity and the sensitivity to external perturbations. Orbital interactions and exchange interaction are explained in binuclear model systems, using orbital overlap and orthogonality concepts to explain antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling. The phenomenologically useful Spin Hamiltonian is defined. The concepts are then applied to extended molecular magnetic systems, leading to molecular magnetic materials of various dimensionalities exhibiting bulk ferro- or ferrimagnetism. An illustration is provided by Prussian Blue analogues. Magnetic anisotropy is introduced. It is shown that in some cases, a slow relaxation of magnetization arises and gives rise to appealing single-ion magnets, single-molecule magnets or single-chain magnets, a route to store information at the molecular level.
Ilit Ferber
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190053864
- eISBN:
- 9780190053871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190053864.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Language
Chapter 4 provides a close reading of Heidegger’s “On the Essence of Language: The Metaphysics of Language and the Essencing of the Word” (1939), a seminar on Herder’s Treatise. From Heidegger’s ...
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Chapter 4 provides a close reading of Heidegger’s “On the Essence of Language: The Metaphysics of Language and the Essencing of the Word” (1939), a seminar on Herder’s Treatise. From Heidegger’s obscure preparatory notes to the seminar (as well as his students’ notes), the chapter reconstructs his interpretation of Herder, focusing on the sense of hearing and its importance to language. This chapter not only discusses a text rarely considered in the literature about Herder but also points out what seems to be Herder’s profound influence on Heidegger’s later ideas. Along with hearing, another central topic is the exploration of the relationship between the internal and external which Heidegger discusses, following Herder, in terms of what he calls “the crossing-over,” a unique space between inside and outside, sounds and silence. This is the space in which, according to Heidegger, language and hearing reside.Less
Chapter 4 provides a close reading of Heidegger’s “On the Essence of Language: The Metaphysics of Language and the Essencing of the Word” (1939), a seminar on Herder’s Treatise. From Heidegger’s obscure preparatory notes to the seminar (as well as his students’ notes), the chapter reconstructs his interpretation of Herder, focusing on the sense of hearing and its importance to language. This chapter not only discusses a text rarely considered in the literature about Herder but also points out what seems to be Herder’s profound influence on Heidegger’s later ideas. Along with hearing, another central topic is the exploration of the relationship between the internal and external which Heidegger discusses, following Herder, in terms of what he calls “the crossing-over,” a unique space between inside and outside, sounds and silence. This is the space in which, according to Heidegger, language and hearing reside.
John R. Cook
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780748656349
- eISBN:
- 9780748684274
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748656349.003.0009
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
Between 1956 and 1962, Peter Watkins (1935-) made a series of groundbreaking amateur fiction films with the help of Playcraft, a local amateur dramatic society, based in Canterbury, Kent. Two of ...
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Between 1956 and 1962, Peter Watkins (1935-) made a series of groundbreaking amateur fiction films with the help of Playcraft, a local amateur dramatic society, based in Canterbury, Kent. Two of these efforts, Diary of an Unknown Soldier (1959) and The Forgotten Faces (1961), would go on to win amateur film ‘Oscars’ in the IAC’s annual ‘Ten Best’ competition, bring him to the attention of a wider and more general public, and eventually help secure his cross-over into professional filmmaking. The films’ concerted challenge to Hollywood practices, as early explorations of ‘docudrama’ realism and depictions of war and conflict distant from then dominant British norms, marked ambitions that would be pursued in much of Watkins’ subsequent work. This chapter analyses Watkins’ pre-professional filmmaking in detail, and argues that the director’s amateurism did not dissolve with his movement into the professional sphere. Rather, an amateur stance is seen as informing his entire career, dramatising a reaction to what the director always perceived to be the restrictions and limitations of the professional sector.Less
Between 1956 and 1962, Peter Watkins (1935-) made a series of groundbreaking amateur fiction films with the help of Playcraft, a local amateur dramatic society, based in Canterbury, Kent. Two of these efforts, Diary of an Unknown Soldier (1959) and The Forgotten Faces (1961), would go on to win amateur film ‘Oscars’ in the IAC’s annual ‘Ten Best’ competition, bring him to the attention of a wider and more general public, and eventually help secure his cross-over into professional filmmaking. The films’ concerted challenge to Hollywood practices, as early explorations of ‘docudrama’ realism and depictions of war and conflict distant from then dominant British norms, marked ambitions that would be pursued in much of Watkins’ subsequent work. This chapter analyses Watkins’ pre-professional filmmaking in detail, and argues that the director’s amateurism did not dissolve with his movement into the professional sphere. Rather, an amateur stance is seen as informing his entire career, dramatising a reaction to what the director always perceived to be the restrictions and limitations of the professional sector.
Jean-Pierre Launay and Michel Verdaguer
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- November 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198814597
- eISBN:
- 9780191852411
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198814597.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, Atomic, Laser, and Optical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials
The book treats in a unified way electronic properties of molecules (magnetic, electrical, photophysical), culminating with the mastering of electrons, i.e. molecular electronics and spintronics and ...
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The book treats in a unified way electronic properties of molecules (magnetic, electrical, photophysical), culminating with the mastering of electrons, i.e. molecular electronics and spintronics and molecular machines. Chapter 1 recalls basic concepts. Chapter 2 describes the magnetic properties due to localized electrons. This includes phenomena such as spin cross-over, exchange interaction from dihydrogen to extended molecular magnetic systems, and magnetic anisotropy with single-molecule magnets. Chapter 3 is devoted to the electrical properties due to moving electrons. One considers first electron transfer in discrete molecular systems, in particular in mixed valence compounds. Then, extended molecular solids, in particular molecular conductors, are described by band theory. Special attention is paid to structural distortions (Peierls instability) and interelectronic repulsions in narrow-band systems. Chapter 4 treats photophysical properties, mainly electron transfer in the excited state and its applications to photodiodes, organic light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells and water photolysis. Energy transfer is also treated. Photomagnetism (how a photonic excitation modifies magnetic properties) is introduced. Finally, Chapter 5 combines the previous knowledge for three advanced subjects: first molecular electronics in its hybrid form (molecules connected to electrodes acting as wires, diodes, memory elements, field-effect transistors) or in the quantum computation approach. Then, molecular spintronics, using, besides the charge, the spin of the electron. Finally the theme of molecular machines is presented, with the problem of the directionality control of their motion.Less
The book treats in a unified way electronic properties of molecules (magnetic, electrical, photophysical), culminating with the mastering of electrons, i.e. molecular electronics and spintronics and molecular machines. Chapter 1 recalls basic concepts. Chapter 2 describes the magnetic properties due to localized electrons. This includes phenomena such as spin cross-over, exchange interaction from dihydrogen to extended molecular magnetic systems, and magnetic anisotropy with single-molecule magnets. Chapter 3 is devoted to the electrical properties due to moving electrons. One considers first electron transfer in discrete molecular systems, in particular in mixed valence compounds. Then, extended molecular solids, in particular molecular conductors, are described by band theory. Special attention is paid to structural distortions (Peierls instability) and interelectronic repulsions in narrow-band systems. Chapter 4 treats photophysical properties, mainly electron transfer in the excited state and its applications to photodiodes, organic light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells and water photolysis. Energy transfer is also treated. Photomagnetism (how a photonic excitation modifies magnetic properties) is introduced. Finally, Chapter 5 combines the previous knowledge for three advanced subjects: first molecular electronics in its hybrid form (molecules connected to electrodes acting as wires, diodes, memory elements, field-effect transistors) or in the quantum computation approach. Then, molecular spintronics, using, besides the charge, the spin of the electron. Finally the theme of molecular machines is presented, with the problem of the directionality control of their motion.
Brian Hoyle
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780748656349
- eISBN:
- 9780748684274
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748656349.003.0010
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter examines Ken Russell’s first three amateur fiction films, Peepshow (1956), Knights on Bikes (1956) and Amelia and the Angel (1958), the work which famously brought him to the attention ...
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This chapter examines Ken Russell’s first three amateur fiction films, Peepshow (1956), Knights on Bikes (1956) and Amelia and the Angel (1958), the work which famously brought him to the attention of the BBC and eased his transition to professional filmmaker. Through a close examination of these films, the chapter establishes that many of Russell’s persistent concerns, formal techniques and recurrent images are already present in these very early excursions into filmmaking. Exploring the phenomenon of amateur ‘cross-over’ more generally, the section on Amelia and the Angel explains how the reception of this particular film led to Russell graduating to professional filmmaking. It also considers the form and content of the work, and argues that it may be considered the first ‘true’ Russell film, with its Catholic subtext, visual exuberance and often violent shifts in tone. The chapter is based in original archive research, and draws on primary sources including Russell’s own commentaries on his filmmaking.Less
This chapter examines Ken Russell’s first three amateur fiction films, Peepshow (1956), Knights on Bikes (1956) and Amelia and the Angel (1958), the work which famously brought him to the attention of the BBC and eased his transition to professional filmmaker. Through a close examination of these films, the chapter establishes that many of Russell’s persistent concerns, formal techniques and recurrent images are already present in these very early excursions into filmmaking. Exploring the phenomenon of amateur ‘cross-over’ more generally, the section on Amelia and the Angel explains how the reception of this particular film led to Russell graduating to professional filmmaking. It also considers the form and content of the work, and argues that it may be considered the first ‘true’ Russell film, with its Catholic subtext, visual exuberance and often violent shifts in tone. The chapter is based in original archive research, and draws on primary sources including Russell’s own commentaries on his filmmaking.
Stephen E. Nadeau
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780195395549
- eISBN:
- 9780199369201
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195395549.003.0015
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuropsychology
Parallel distributed processing (PDP), the science of population-encoded representations, enables us to understand how neural networks can support cognitive processes. Auto-associator networks are ...
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Parallel distributed processing (PDP), the science of population-encoded representations, enables us to understand how neural networks can support cognitive processes. Auto-associator networks are networks in which each unit is connected to many other units. The activity function of such networks has the capacity for settling into stable states, called attractor basins, which correspond to concept representations. The characteristics of attractor basins supported by substrates for semantic knowledge and the results of attenuation of this knowledge in semantic dementia serve both to illustrate the function of such systems and to reveal a paradox: the PDP properties of neural networks enable us to miraculously acquire large and apparently seamless domains of knowledge from a series of individual experiences, but at the cost of serious limitations, as manifested in semantic errors in semantic dementia and in the phenomenology defined by Steven’s power law of magnitude estimation and hemispatial neglect (including the cross-over effect).Less
Parallel distributed processing (PDP), the science of population-encoded representations, enables us to understand how neural networks can support cognitive processes. Auto-associator networks are networks in which each unit is connected to many other units. The activity function of such networks has the capacity for settling into stable states, called attractor basins, which correspond to concept representations. The characteristics of attractor basins supported by substrates for semantic knowledge and the results of attenuation of this knowledge in semantic dementia serve both to illustrate the function of such systems and to reveal a paradox: the PDP properties of neural networks enable us to miraculously acquire large and apparently seamless domains of knowledge from a series of individual experiences, but at the cost of serious limitations, as manifested in semantic errors in semantic dementia and in the phenomenology defined by Steven’s power law of magnitude estimation and hemispatial neglect (including the cross-over effect).
Achilles Skordas
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198738923
- eISBN:
- 9780191802126
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198738923.003.0015
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
The chapter explores the interpretation of international treaties by domestic courts in the era of world society and legal pluralism. It argues that despite the formation of ‘varieties of capitalism’ ...
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The chapter explores the interpretation of international treaties by domestic courts in the era of world society and legal pluralism. It argues that despite the formation of ‘varieties of capitalism’ and the differentiation of legal cultures on territorial or regional basis, divergence in the interpretation of treaties can be avoided, as municipal courts turn to the ‘translation paradigm’ of interpretation. The chapter contends that under this paradigm, good governance, rule of law, and preservation of international peace and security as ‘structures of interpretation’ condition the operation of the principle of systemic integration of the VCLT. These principles enable domestic courts to devise ‘patterns of interpretation’ as techniques that transform normative contradictions into reciprocal toleration. This is not the result of a linear process of convergence, but rather an ‘agonistic’ process fraught with tensions and collisions followed by mutual accommodation, adaptation, and ultimately normative coexistence within the purview of global governance.Less
The chapter explores the interpretation of international treaties by domestic courts in the era of world society and legal pluralism. It argues that despite the formation of ‘varieties of capitalism’ and the differentiation of legal cultures on territorial or regional basis, divergence in the interpretation of treaties can be avoided, as municipal courts turn to the ‘translation paradigm’ of interpretation. The chapter contends that under this paradigm, good governance, rule of law, and preservation of international peace and security as ‘structures of interpretation’ condition the operation of the principle of systemic integration of the VCLT. These principles enable domestic courts to devise ‘patterns of interpretation’ as techniques that transform normative contradictions into reciprocal toleration. This is not the result of a linear process of convergence, but rather an ‘agonistic’ process fraught with tensions and collisions followed by mutual accommodation, adaptation, and ultimately normative coexistence within the purview of global governance.
Charles C. Ragin and Peer C. Fiss
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226414379
- eISBN:
- 9780226414546
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226414546.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Methodology and Statistics
Chapter 7 further refines the results by using truth table analysis to derive causal recipes for avoiding poverty. We perform these analyses separately for white and black males and females and also ...
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Chapter 7 further refines the results by using truth table analysis to derive causal recipes for avoiding poverty. We perform these analyses separately for white and black males and females and also at different levels of consistency of poverty avoidance. Truth table analysis examines all logically possible combinations of conditions and thereby provides the foundation for identifying the specific combinations consistently linked to an outcome. Logical simplification of these combinations yields causal recipes for inclusion in the set of cases with the outcome of avoiding poverty. The causal recipes for white males are very simple and broadly inclusive. Using a .80 consistency threshold yields three two-advantage recipes. The causal recipes for white females are slightly less inclusive, with two two-advantage recipes derived at .80 consistency. The recipes for black males and black females are still less inclusive, with each sample displaying two three-advantage recipes. Our analysis thus reveals that blacks are doubly disadvantaged: to achieve poverty avoidance levels comparable to whites, blacks must combine more advantages, even though they possess, on average, far fewer advantages.Less
Chapter 7 further refines the results by using truth table analysis to derive causal recipes for avoiding poverty. We perform these analyses separately for white and black males and females and also at different levels of consistency of poverty avoidance. Truth table analysis examines all logically possible combinations of conditions and thereby provides the foundation for identifying the specific combinations consistently linked to an outcome. Logical simplification of these combinations yields causal recipes for inclusion in the set of cases with the outcome of avoiding poverty. The causal recipes for white males are very simple and broadly inclusive. Using a .80 consistency threshold yields three two-advantage recipes. The causal recipes for white females are slightly less inclusive, with two two-advantage recipes derived at .80 consistency. The recipes for black males and black females are still less inclusive, with each sample displaying two three-advantage recipes. Our analysis thus reveals that blacks are doubly disadvantaged: to achieve poverty avoidance levels comparable to whites, blacks must combine more advantages, even though they possess, on average, far fewer advantages.
