Nicholas Dames
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199208968
- eISBN:
- 9780191695759
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199208968.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
How did the Victorians read novels? The author answers that deceptively simple question by revealing a now-forgotten range of nineteenth-century theories of the novel, a range based in a study of ...
More
How did the Victorians read novels? The author answers that deceptively simple question by revealing a now-forgotten range of nineteenth-century theories of the novel, a range based in a study of human physiology during the act of reading. He demonstrates the ways in which the Victorians thought they read, and uncovers surprising responses to the question of what might have transpired in the minds and bodies of readers of Victorian fiction. His detailed studies of novel critics who were also interested in neurological science, combined with readings of novels by Thackeray, Eliot, Meredith, and Gissing, propose a vision of the Victorian novel-reader as far from the quietly immersed being we now imagine — as instead a reader whose nervous system was addressed, attacked, and soothed by authors newly aware of the neural operations of their public. Rich in unexpected intersections, from the British response to Wagnerian opera to the birth of speed-reading in the late nineteenth century, this book challenges our assumptions about what novel reading once did, and still does, to the individual reader, and provides new answers to the question of how novels influenced a culture's way of reading, responding, and feeling.Less
How did the Victorians read novels? The author answers that deceptively simple question by revealing a now-forgotten range of nineteenth-century theories of the novel, a range based in a study of human physiology during the act of reading. He demonstrates the ways in which the Victorians thought they read, and uncovers surprising responses to the question of what might have transpired in the minds and bodies of readers of Victorian fiction. His detailed studies of novel critics who were also interested in neurological science, combined with readings of novels by Thackeray, Eliot, Meredith, and Gissing, propose a vision of the Victorian novel-reader as far from the quietly immersed being we now imagine — as instead a reader whose nervous system was addressed, attacked, and soothed by authors newly aware of the neural operations of their public. Rich in unexpected intersections, from the British response to Wagnerian opera to the birth of speed-reading in the late nineteenth century, this book challenges our assumptions about what novel reading once did, and still does, to the individual reader, and provides new answers to the question of how novels influenced a culture's way of reading, responding, and feeling.
Hugh Grady
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198183228
- eISBN:
- 9780191673962
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198183228.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies, Criticism/Theory
This is a major study of the history of Shakespeare criticism in the modern era. Every epoch recreates its classic icons — and for literary culture none is more central nor more protean than ...
More
This is a major study of the history of Shakespeare criticism in the modern era. Every epoch recreates its classic icons — and for literary culture none is more central nor more protean than Shakespeare. Even though finding the authentic Shakespeare has been a goal of scholarship since the 18th century, he has always been constructed as a contemporary author. This book charts the construction of Shakespeare as a 20th-century Modernist text by redirecting ‘new historicist’ methods to an investigation of the social roots of contemporary Shakespeare criticism itself. Beginning with the formation of professionalism as an ideology in the Victorian age, this book describes the widespread attempts to save the values of the culturalist tradition, in reformulated ‘Modernist’ guise, from the threat of professionalist positivism in modernized universities. The tension between professionalism and culturalism gave rise to the Modernist Shakespeare of G. Wilson Knight, E. M. W. Tillyard, and American and British New Critics, and still conditions the postmodernist Shakespearean criticism of contemporary feminists, deconstructors, and ‘new historicists’.Less
This is a major study of the history of Shakespeare criticism in the modern era. Every epoch recreates its classic icons — and for literary culture none is more central nor more protean than Shakespeare. Even though finding the authentic Shakespeare has been a goal of scholarship since the 18th century, he has always been constructed as a contemporary author. This book charts the construction of Shakespeare as a 20th-century Modernist text by redirecting ‘new historicist’ methods to an investigation of the social roots of contemporary Shakespeare criticism itself. Beginning with the formation of professionalism as an ideology in the Victorian age, this book describes the widespread attempts to save the values of the culturalist tradition, in reformulated ‘Modernist’ guise, from the threat of professionalist positivism in modernized universities. The tension between professionalism and culturalism gave rise to the Modernist Shakespeare of G. Wilson Knight, E. M. W. Tillyard, and American and British New Critics, and still conditions the postmodernist Shakespearean criticism of contemporary feminists, deconstructors, and ‘new historicists’.
Niels Christian Hvidt
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195314472
- eISBN:
- 9780199785346
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195314472.003.0010
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
The phenomenon of Christian prophecy investigated in this book is controversial. Prophets have easily been associated with religious fanatics who preach doom and gloom. Historical, exegetical, and ...
More
The phenomenon of Christian prophecy investigated in this book is controversial. Prophets have easily been associated with religious fanatics who preach doom and gloom. Historical, exegetical, and theological arguments have been adduced by many for the extinction of prophecy. The conclusions in this chapter state that none of these arguments are sound, since they merely argue for the cessation of one form of prophecy, not the prophetic phenomenon itself. This book argues that prophecy never died, but rather proved its dynamism by mutating according to the preconditions of new historical developments. Exploring Christian prophecy as a theme for systematic theology means we should regard revelation as more than a past event. Instead, inherent to revelation is the eternal Word's continuous salvific operation that actualizes and realizes what was given in Christ's Incarnation for the edification of the church. Therewith, prophecy becomes an integral part of revelation as one of the forms in which the Word of God continues to unfold and give itself to the people of God.Less
The phenomenon of Christian prophecy investigated in this book is controversial. Prophets have easily been associated with religious fanatics who preach doom and gloom. Historical, exegetical, and theological arguments have been adduced by many for the extinction of prophecy. The conclusions in this chapter state that none of these arguments are sound, since they merely argue for the cessation of one form of prophecy, not the prophetic phenomenon itself. This book argues that prophecy never died, but rather proved its dynamism by mutating according to the preconditions of new historical developments. Exploring Christian prophecy as a theme for systematic theology means we should regard revelation as more than a past event. Instead, inherent to revelation is the eternal Word's continuous salvific operation that actualizes and realizes what was given in Christ's Incarnation for the edification of the church. Therewith, prophecy becomes an integral part of revelation as one of the forms in which the Word of God continues to unfold and give itself to the people of God.
Ray A. Moore and Donald L. Robinson
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195151169
- eISBN:
- 9780199833917
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019515116X.003.0023
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
Surveys proposals for amending the 1947 Constitution. With the end of the Occupation in 1952, critics were free to propose amendments to the constitution. In its hearings, the Commission on the ...
More
Surveys proposals for amending the 1947 Constitution. With the end of the Occupation in 1952, critics were free to propose amendments to the constitution. In its hearings, the Commission on the Constitution (1956‐1964) produced a host of arguments in favor of revision, but the conservative parties have never had the two‐thirds majority in the Diet required to pass an amendment. The 1991 Gulf War again stirred debate on the antiwar clause (Article 9) and stimulated a national debate on revision. In 1999, both houses of the Diet established commissions on the constitution and two years later, in May 2001, announced that public hearings would begin.Less
Surveys proposals for amending the 1947 Constitution. With the end of the Occupation in 1952, critics were free to propose amendments to the constitution. In its hearings, the Commission on the Constitution (1956‐1964) produced a host of arguments in favor of revision, but the conservative parties have never had the two‐thirds majority in the Diet required to pass an amendment. The 1991 Gulf War again stirred debate on the antiwar clause (Article 9) and stimulated a national debate on revision. In 1999, both houses of the Diet established commissions on the constitution and two years later, in May 2001, announced that public hearings would begin.
Mark Timmons, John Greco, and Alfred Mele (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195311952
- eISBN:
- 9780199871070
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311952.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
For more than thirty years, Robert Audi has been one of the most creative and influential philosophical voices on a broad range of topics in the fields of ethics, epistemology, philosophy of mind and ...
More
For more than thirty years, Robert Audi has been one of the most creative and influential philosophical voices on a broad range of topics in the fields of ethics, epistemology, philosophy of mind and action, and philosophy of religion. This volume features thirteen chapters by renowned scholars plus new writings by Audi. Each chapter presents both a position of its author and a critical treatment of related ideas of Audi's, and he responds to each of the contributors in a way that provides a lively dialogue on the topic. The book begins with an introduction by Audi that presents a thematic overview of his philosophy and connects his views in ethics, epistemology, and philosophy of mind and action. Each of the thirteen chapters that follow concentrates on one or another of these three main areas. The chapters are followed by Audi's replies.Less
For more than thirty years, Robert Audi has been one of the most creative and influential philosophical voices on a broad range of topics in the fields of ethics, epistemology, philosophy of mind and action, and philosophy of religion. This volume features thirteen chapters by renowned scholars plus new writings by Audi. Each chapter presents both a position of its author and a critical treatment of related ideas of Audi's, and he responds to each of the contributors in a way that provides a lively dialogue on the topic. The book begins with an introduction by Audi that presents a thematic overview of his philosophy and connects his views in ethics, epistemology, and philosophy of mind and action. Each of the thirteen chapters that follow concentrates on one or another of these three main areas. The chapters are followed by Audi's replies.
Michael Ward
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195313871
- eISBN:
- 9780199871964
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195313871.003.0012
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Literature
Reasons why Lewis's critics were not looking for a secret layer of meaning. Reasons why Lewis's critics were not interested in astrology. The extent to which Lewis knew about astronomy. The extent to ...
More
Reasons why Lewis's critics were not looking for a secret layer of meaning. Reasons why Lewis's critics were not interested in astrology. The extent to which Lewis knew about astronomy. The extent to which he believed in astrology. The circumstances in which the donegalitarian discovery was made.Less
Reasons why Lewis's critics were not looking for a secret layer of meaning. Reasons why Lewis's critics were not interested in astrology. The extent to which Lewis knew about astronomy. The extent to which he believed in astrology. The circumstances in which the donegalitarian discovery was made.
Alison Kennedy
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199215300
- eISBN:
- 9780191706929
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199215300.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This chapter examines Priestley's different perspectives as a historian. The discussion is divided into three parts: the first is concerned with Joseph Priestley the historian, the second with ...
More
This chapter examines Priestley's different perspectives as a historian. The discussion is divided into three parts: the first is concerned with Joseph Priestley the historian, the second with Priestley the theologian as historian and Biblical critic, and the third with the importance of his legacy in this latter respect. A brief comparison is made between Priestley's approach to the relationship between religion and history and that of David Hume and Edward Gibbon, two great historians of the 18th century. Two works by Priestley are analyzed: Lectures on History and General Policy, delivered at Warrington Academy in the late 1760s and revised and finally published in 1788, which deals with his secular approach to history; and An History of the Corruptions of Christianity, published six years earlier, in 1782. The latter reveals a different approach to historical understanding within a theological context.Less
This chapter examines Priestley's different perspectives as a historian. The discussion is divided into three parts: the first is concerned with Joseph Priestley the historian, the second with Priestley the theologian as historian and Biblical critic, and the third with the importance of his legacy in this latter respect. A brief comparison is made between Priestley's approach to the relationship between religion and history and that of David Hume and Edward Gibbon, two great historians of the 18th century. Two works by Priestley are analyzed: Lectures on History and General Policy, delivered at Warrington Academy in the late 1760s and revised and finally published in 1788, which deals with his secular approach to history; and An History of the Corruptions of Christianity, published six years earlier, in 1782. The latter reveals a different approach to historical understanding within a theological context.
Robin W. Lovin
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199571833
- eISBN:
- 9780191722264
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199571833.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter discusses criticisms against Reinhold Niebuhr. It attempts to put Reinhold Niebuhr in historical perspective, in the same way that Niebuhr himself arrived at a more balanced appreciation ...
More
This chapter discusses criticisms against Reinhold Niebuhr. It attempts to put Reinhold Niebuhr in historical perspective, in the same way that Niebuhr himself arrived at a more balanced appreciation of Walter Rauschenbusch and the generation that brought American Protestantism through the years of ‘social crisis’ and the First World War. It so doing, it treats Niebuhr's work with the same sort of Christian realism that he himself eventually applied to Rauschenbusch and the Social Gospel. The chapter presents a Niebuhrian view of Niebuhr and his critics, which seeks to recognize both continuity and difference and to further our own reflections on what it means to be realistic about our place in history.Less
This chapter discusses criticisms against Reinhold Niebuhr. It attempts to put Reinhold Niebuhr in historical perspective, in the same way that Niebuhr himself arrived at a more balanced appreciation of Walter Rauschenbusch and the generation that brought American Protestantism through the years of ‘social crisis’ and the First World War. It so doing, it treats Niebuhr's work with the same sort of Christian realism that he himself eventually applied to Rauschenbusch and the Social Gospel. The chapter presents a Niebuhrian view of Niebuhr and his critics, which seeks to recognize both continuity and difference and to further our own reflections on what it means to be realistic about our place in history.
Robert C. Roberts and W. Jay Wood
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199283675
- eISBN:
- 9780191712661
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199283675.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Intellectual autonomy reflects certain facts about the social nature of human agency — that to be effective (or to exist at all) actions must be prepared for by an education at the hands of the ...
More
Intellectual autonomy reflects certain facts about the social nature of human agency — that to be effective (or to exist at all) actions must be prepared for by an education at the hands of the community; that actions are often socially coordinated; that people depend on their contemporaries for information, stimulation, and critical correction; that the intelligence with which an action is performed belongs to a tradition of practical intelligence that may be centuries or millennia old but that intelligent action is never algorithmically determined by such a tradition; that actions are always finally performed by individuals; that human beings often disagree about what should be done and that disagreements can often be settled by discussion in which each party shows an independent spirit. Intellectual autonomy is a wise disposition of balance between hetero-regulation and auto-regulation in intellectual practice.Less
Intellectual autonomy reflects certain facts about the social nature of human agency — that to be effective (or to exist at all) actions must be prepared for by an education at the hands of the community; that actions are often socially coordinated; that people depend on their contemporaries for information, stimulation, and critical correction; that the intelligence with which an action is performed belongs to a tradition of practical intelligence that may be centuries or millennia old but that intelligent action is never algorithmically determined by such a tradition; that actions are always finally performed by individuals; that human beings often disagree about what should be done and that disagreements can often be settled by discussion in which each party shows an independent spirit. Intellectual autonomy is a wise disposition of balance between hetero-regulation and auto-regulation in intellectual practice.
Paul E. Sigmund
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195072747
- eISBN:
- 9780199854790
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195072747.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter focuses on liberation theology in North America. It looks at the personal views of theologians with or without a religious insight. At the time North America was not experiencing any ...
More
This chapter focuses on liberation theology in North America. It looks at the personal views of theologians with or without a religious insight. At the time North America was not experiencing any military oppression, and this influenced the views of North American theologians, and these views were much more idealistic. A number of different critic groups evolved. The chapter narrates the writings of American Catholic, Evangelical, Nieburhian, and Neo-Conservative critics on liberation theology, each of which had their own interpretations and concepts of socialism and independence. After the examination of scholarship from the north and south, the chapter states that they were in harmony and that certain aspects of their ideas of liberation theory was universally understood and recognized.Less
This chapter focuses on liberation theology in North America. It looks at the personal views of theologians with or without a religious insight. At the time North America was not experiencing any military oppression, and this influenced the views of North American theologians, and these views were much more idealistic. A number of different critic groups evolved. The chapter narrates the writings of American Catholic, Evangelical, Nieburhian, and Neo-Conservative critics on liberation theology, each of which had their own interpretations and concepts of socialism and independence. After the examination of scholarship from the north and south, the chapter states that they were in harmony and that certain aspects of their ideas of liberation theory was universally understood and recognized.
Harvey Cox
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691158853
- eISBN:
- 9781400848850
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691158853.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter describes the shape of the secular city, illustrating two characteristic components of the social shape of the modern metropolis: anonymity and mobility. Not only are anonymity and ...
More
This chapter describes the shape of the secular city, illustrating two characteristic components of the social shape of the modern metropolis: anonymity and mobility. Not only are anonymity and mobility central. They are also the two features of the urban social system most frequently singled out for attack by both religious and nonreligious critics. The chapter demonstrates how both anonymity and mobility contribute to the sustenance of human life in the city rather than detracting from it, why they are indispensable modes of existence in the urban setting. It also shows why, from a theological perspective, anonymity and mobility may even produce a certain congruity with biblical faith that is never noticed by the religious rebukers of urbanization.Less
This chapter describes the shape of the secular city, illustrating two characteristic components of the social shape of the modern metropolis: anonymity and mobility. Not only are anonymity and mobility central. They are also the two features of the urban social system most frequently singled out for attack by both religious and nonreligious critics. The chapter demonstrates how both anonymity and mobility contribute to the sustenance of human life in the city rather than detracting from it, why they are indispensable modes of existence in the urban setting. It also shows why, from a theological perspective, anonymity and mobility may even produce a certain congruity with biblical faith that is never noticed by the religious rebukers of urbanization.
Lawrence Danson
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198186281
- eISBN:
- 9780191674488
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198186281.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This chapter analyses Oscar Wilde's Pen, Pencil, and Poison, a biographical essay about an art critic who was also a murderer. It suggests that this work is elusive in its deadpan satire of ...
More
This chapter analyses Oscar Wilde's Pen, Pencil, and Poison, a biographical essay about an art critic who was also a murderer. It suggests that this work is elusive in its deadpan satire of aestheticism, and that it highlighted the congruity between crime and culture, the efficacy of sin in the creation of personality, and the relation between the hidden life and the public reckoning. The chapter also discusses Frank Harris's comments on this essay.Less
This chapter analyses Oscar Wilde's Pen, Pencil, and Poison, a biographical essay about an art critic who was also a murderer. It suggests that this work is elusive in its deadpan satire of aestheticism, and that it highlighted the congruity between crime and culture, the efficacy of sin in the creation of personality, and the relation between the hidden life and the public reckoning. The chapter also discusses Frank Harris's comments on this essay.
Lawrence Danson
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198186281
- eISBN:
- 9780191674488
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198186281.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This chapter analyses Oscar Wilde's essay The Critic as Artist, which suggests that the true critic of a work of art is the starting point for a new work of art. This interpretation of Wilde's essay ...
More
This chapter analyses Oscar Wilde's essay The Critic as Artist, which suggests that the true critic of a work of art is the starting point for a new work of art. This interpretation of Wilde's essay also discovers a position of refine contempt for the world of fact, which non-artist critics continue to inhabit. The chapter argues that the essay owes its unshapely shape to Wilde's polemical concerns at the beginning of the last decade of the nineteenth century, and its contempt for history to an urgent need to rewrite his history before others could inscribe in on his behalf.Less
This chapter analyses Oscar Wilde's essay The Critic as Artist, which suggests that the true critic of a work of art is the starting point for a new work of art. This interpretation of Wilde's essay also discovers a position of refine contempt for the world of fact, which non-artist critics continue to inhabit. The chapter argues that the essay owes its unshapely shape to Wilde's polemical concerns at the beginning of the last decade of the nineteenth century, and its contempt for history to an urgent need to rewrite his history before others could inscribe in on his behalf.
Philip Waller
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199541201
- eISBN:
- 9780191717284
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199541201.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Charles Dickens died in 1870, the same year in which universal elementary education was introduced. During the following generation a mass reading public emerged, and with it the term ‘best-seller’ ...
More
Charles Dickens died in 1870, the same year in which universal elementary education was introduced. During the following generation a mass reading public emerged, and with it the term ‘best-seller’ was coined. In new and cheap editions Dickens's stories sold hugely, but these were progressively outstripped in quantity by the likes of Hall Caine and Marie Corelli, Charles Garvice, and Nat Gould. Who has now heard of such writers? Yet Hall Caine, for one, boasted in 1908 of having made more money from his pen than any previous author. This book presents a panoramic view of literary life in Britain over half a century from 1870 to 1918, analysing authors' relations with the reading public and how reputations were made and unmade. It explores readers' habits, the book trade, popular literary magazines, and the role of reviewers, and examines the construction of a classical canon by critics concerned about a supposed corruption of popular taste. Certain writers became celebrities, and a literary tourism grew around their haunts. They advertised commodities from cigarettes to toothpaste; they also advertised themselves via interviews, profiles, and carefully-posed photographs. They paraded across North America on lecture tours, and everywhere their names were pushed by a new profession, literary agents. Writers' attitudes to religion still mattered in this period. At the same time, however, they exploited their position in the public eye to campaign on all manner of issues, including female suffrage, which saw authors ranged both for and against; and during the Great War many penned propaganda. This substantial book amounts to a collective biography of a generation of writers and their world.Less
Charles Dickens died in 1870, the same year in which universal elementary education was introduced. During the following generation a mass reading public emerged, and with it the term ‘best-seller’ was coined. In new and cheap editions Dickens's stories sold hugely, but these were progressively outstripped in quantity by the likes of Hall Caine and Marie Corelli, Charles Garvice, and Nat Gould. Who has now heard of such writers? Yet Hall Caine, for one, boasted in 1908 of having made more money from his pen than any previous author. This book presents a panoramic view of literary life in Britain over half a century from 1870 to 1918, analysing authors' relations with the reading public and how reputations were made and unmade. It explores readers' habits, the book trade, popular literary magazines, and the role of reviewers, and examines the construction of a classical canon by critics concerned about a supposed corruption of popular taste. Certain writers became celebrities, and a literary tourism grew around their haunts. They advertised commodities from cigarettes to toothpaste; they also advertised themselves via interviews, profiles, and carefully-posed photographs. They paraded across North America on lecture tours, and everywhere their names were pushed by a new profession, literary agents. Writers' attitudes to religion still mattered in this period. At the same time, however, they exploited their position in the public eye to campaign on all manner of issues, including female suffrage, which saw authors ranged both for and against; and during the Great War many penned propaganda. This substantial book amounts to a collective biography of a generation of writers and their world.
Christopher Bjork
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226309385
- eISBN:
- 9780226309552
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226309552.003.0005
- Subject:
- Education, Educational Policy and Politics
Chapter five looks closely at the specific challenges relaxed education presented to Japanese elementary schools, and documents their impact on the learning opportunities provided to children. ...
More
Chapter five looks closely at the specific challenges relaxed education presented to Japanese elementary schools, and documents their impact on the learning opportunities provided to children. Evidence presented in this chapter indicates that elementary school teachers cultivated the academic abilities and mental dispositions identified by both conservative and progressive critics as those required for success in contemporary society. The analysis provided indicates that elementary teachers managed to meet the goals for yutori kyoiku precisely because they were not subject to the examination pressures pervasive in secondary schools.Less
Chapter five looks closely at the specific challenges relaxed education presented to Japanese elementary schools, and documents their impact on the learning opportunities provided to children. Evidence presented in this chapter indicates that elementary school teachers cultivated the academic abilities and mental dispositions identified by both conservative and progressive critics as those required for success in contemporary society. The analysis provided indicates that elementary teachers managed to meet the goals for yutori kyoiku precisely because they were not subject to the examination pressures pervasive in secondary schools.
Toni Erskine
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264379
- eISBN:
- 9780191734410
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264379.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This concluding chapter discusses the implications on the inclusive potential of a particularist route to ethical cosmopolitanism. It explores variations on the morally constitutive community and ...
More
This concluding chapter discusses the implications on the inclusive potential of a particularist route to ethical cosmopolitanism. It explores variations on the morally constitutive community and studies the concepts of complex selves, dislocated communities, and connected critics. The last section in this chapter is devoted to the inclusion from an embedded cosmopolitan perspective and its promise, limits, and insights. Important lessons are taken from the previous chapters as well.Less
This concluding chapter discusses the implications on the inclusive potential of a particularist route to ethical cosmopolitanism. It explores variations on the morally constitutive community and studies the concepts of complex selves, dislocated communities, and connected critics. The last section in this chapter is devoted to the inclusion from an embedded cosmopolitan perspective and its promise, limits, and insights. Important lessons are taken from the previous chapters as well.
Mary Orr
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199258581
- eISBN:
- 9780191718083
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199258581.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This book studies in English of Flaubert's least well‐known masterpiece, the final version of his Tentation de saint Antoine (1874). Thanks to Foucault, the work has the reputation of being an arcane ...
More
This book studies in English of Flaubert's least well‐known masterpiece, the final version of his Tentation de saint Antoine (1874). Thanks to Foucault, the work has the reputation of being an arcane and erudite ‘fantastic library’ or, thanks to genetic criticism, of being a ‘narrative’ of Flaubert's personal aesthetic (l'oeuvre de toute [s]a vie’). By presuming instead no necessary knowledge to read the text, its versions or its intertexts, this book sets out to offer new readings of the seven tableaux which comprise it, and new ways of interpreting the work as a whole. By arguing that Flaubert was imagining his own epoch through the eyes of a visionary saint in the 4th‐century AD, the dialogues between religion and science that are the dynamic of the work (and the two parts of this study) are elucidated for the first time. Moreover, by also arguing for the meticulous accuracy and imaginative representations of the science of the work, this book proposes in the ‘remapping’ analogy of its title that Flaubert's Tentation is a paradigm of 19th‐century French, and indeed European, ‘literary science’. For 19th‐century French and Flaubert specialists, as well as for curious new readers of the Tentation, this book thus challenges received critical wisdom on a number of fronts. It is through his unlikely protagonist‐visionary, Antoine, that Flaubert's ‘realism’, ‘anti‐clericalism’, and ‘orientalism’ can be given new airings. Through the religious and scientific dialogues of Flaubert's 1874 text this book argues that his ‘temptation’ was to write a vita of his times.Less
This book studies in English of Flaubert's least well‐known masterpiece, the final version of his Tentation de saint Antoine (1874). Thanks to Foucault, the work has the reputation of being an arcane and erudite ‘fantastic library’ or, thanks to genetic criticism, of being a ‘narrative’ of Flaubert's personal aesthetic (l'oeuvre de toute [s]a vie’). By presuming instead no necessary knowledge to read the text, its versions or its intertexts, this book sets out to offer new readings of the seven tableaux which comprise it, and new ways of interpreting the work as a whole. By arguing that Flaubert was imagining his own epoch through the eyes of a visionary saint in the 4th‐century AD, the dialogues between religion and science that are the dynamic of the work (and the two parts of this study) are elucidated for the first time. Moreover, by also arguing for the meticulous accuracy and imaginative representations of the science of the work, this book proposes in the ‘remapping’ analogy of its title that Flaubert's Tentation is a paradigm of 19th‐century French, and indeed European, ‘literary science’. For 19th‐century French and Flaubert specialists, as well as for curious new readers of the Tentation, this book thus challenges received critical wisdom on a number of fronts. It is through his unlikely protagonist‐visionary, Antoine, that Flaubert's ‘realism’, ‘anti‐clericalism’, and ‘orientalism’ can be given new airings. Through the religious and scientific dialogues of Flaubert's 1874 text this book argues that his ‘temptation’ was to write a vita of his times.
Damon J. Phillips
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691150888
- eISBN:
- 9781400846481
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691150888.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
This introductory chapter explains that the book examines the early years of the market for jazz in order to understand why some tunes had long-term appeal while others did not, and how the market ...
More
This introductory chapter explains that the book examines the early years of the market for jazz in order to understand why some tunes had long-term appeal while others did not, and how the market boundaries of jazz evolved as a part of this process. Using empirical puzzles and focusing mostly on the period 1917–1933, the book investigates why some songs are re-recorded by many musicians over time while others receive no such following. The book draws on sociological congruence as a mechanism to explain how the context of production affects the appeal of jazz recordings. It shows that jazz has been influenced by the social structure of the geography and producing organizations. A market for jazz could not have formed, flourished, and maintained legitimacy without a smaller set of tunes to serve as a common point of reference by musicians, record labels and companies, consumers, and critics.Less
This introductory chapter explains that the book examines the early years of the market for jazz in order to understand why some tunes had long-term appeal while others did not, and how the market boundaries of jazz evolved as a part of this process. Using empirical puzzles and focusing mostly on the period 1917–1933, the book investigates why some songs are re-recorded by many musicians over time while others receive no such following. The book draws on sociological congruence as a mechanism to explain how the context of production affects the appeal of jazz recordings. It shows that jazz has been influenced by the social structure of the geography and producing organizations. A market for jazz could not have formed, flourished, and maintained legitimacy without a smaller set of tunes to serve as a common point of reference by musicians, record labels and companies, consumers, and critics.
S. A. Skinner
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199273232
- eISBN:
- 9780191706394
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199273232.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This book makes systematic use of two neglected, though rich, sources for tractarian thought. The first is the British Critic, a quarterly periodical rapidly established by John Henry Newman as the ...
More
This book makes systematic use of two neglected, though rich, sources for tractarian thought. The first is the British Critic, a quarterly periodical rapidly established by John Henry Newman as the movement's house magazine. The general neglect of the Critic is the more remarkable given that it was commandeered and edited by Newman at a time when first-generation tractarianism was at its most radical and ebullient. Where the periodical material often elaborated the theoretical framework for a social criticism, the second source — tractarian fiction — aimed at its practical application. This fiction came in the form of ‘social’ or ‘condition of England’ novels written by William Gresley and Francis Edward Paget, whose colourful and polemically charged tales afford superabundant illustration of those social attitudes that are anatomised later in the book. The social novels relentlessly emphasise the duties as well as rights bestowed by property, and pronounce on the broadest conceivable range of contemporary issues, from commercialism and industrialism, to political economy and the new poor law, the working conditions of the urban and rural poor, and the dangers of socialism and Chartism.Less
This book makes systematic use of two neglected, though rich, sources for tractarian thought. The first is the British Critic, a quarterly periodical rapidly established by John Henry Newman as the movement's house magazine. The general neglect of the Critic is the more remarkable given that it was commandeered and edited by Newman at a time when first-generation tractarianism was at its most radical and ebullient. Where the periodical material often elaborated the theoretical framework for a social criticism, the second source — tractarian fiction — aimed at its practical application. This fiction came in the form of ‘social’ or ‘condition of England’ novels written by William Gresley and Francis Edward Paget, whose colourful and polemically charged tales afford superabundant illustration of those social attitudes that are anatomised later in the book. The social novels relentlessly emphasise the duties as well as rights bestowed by property, and pronounce on the broadest conceivable range of contemporary issues, from commercialism and industrialism, to political economy and the new poor law, the working conditions of the urban and rural poor, and the dangers of socialism and Chartism.
S. A. Skinner
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199273232
- eISBN:
- 9780191706394
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199273232.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter argues that tractarian attitudes to establishment marked a breach with the social utilitarianism which they felt had corrupted the older high-church position, and signified a dynamic ...
More
This chapter argues that tractarian attitudes to establishment marked a breach with the social utilitarianism which they felt had corrupted the older high-church position, and signified a dynamic conception of the church's function in society. The conviction that the catholic Church of England had been compromised by the erastian pretensions of a liberal state sent up clouds of anti-establishment chaff among supporters of tractarianism. Tractarians emphasised the independence of the church from the state; the derivation of its authority not from the ‘accident’ of national establishment but from the ‘plain historical fact’ of the apostolic succession. A specific measure of the differences between old high-church and later tractarian reviewers lies in the British Critic's changing attitudes to Thomas Chalmers, whose celebrated London lectures of April and May 1838 confirmed his reputation as the principal advocate of national establishments. This chapter also considers the views of John Keble regarding the separation of church and state.Less
This chapter argues that tractarian attitudes to establishment marked a breach with the social utilitarianism which they felt had corrupted the older high-church position, and signified a dynamic conception of the church's function in society. The conviction that the catholic Church of England had been compromised by the erastian pretensions of a liberal state sent up clouds of anti-establishment chaff among supporters of tractarianism. Tractarians emphasised the independence of the church from the state; the derivation of its authority not from the ‘accident’ of national establishment but from the ‘plain historical fact’ of the apostolic succession. A specific measure of the differences between old high-church and later tractarian reviewers lies in the British Critic's changing attitudes to Thomas Chalmers, whose celebrated London lectures of April and May 1838 confirmed his reputation as the principal advocate of national establishments. This chapter also considers the views of John Keble regarding the separation of church and state.
