Howard G. Lavine, Christopher D. Johnston, and Marco R. Steenbergen
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199772759
- eISBN:
- 9780199979622
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199772759.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Psychology and Interaction
Over the past half-century, two overarching topics have dominated the study of mass political behaviour: How do ordinary citizens form their political judgments, and how good are they from a ...
More
Over the past half-century, two overarching topics have dominated the study of mass political behaviour: How do ordinary citizens form their political judgments, and how good are they from a normative perspective? This book provides a novel goal-based approach to these questions, one that compels a wholesale rethinking of the roots of responsible democratic citizenship. The central claim of the book is that partisan identity comes in qualitatively different forms, with distinct political consequences. Blind partisan loyalty, as the pejorative label implies, facilitates bias and reduces attention to valuable information. Critical loyalty, by doing the opposite, outperforms standard measures of political engagement in leading to normatively desirable judgments. Drawing on both experimental and survey methods—as well as five decades of American political history—this book examines the nature and quality of mass political judgment across a wide range of political contexts, from perceptions of the economy, to the formation, updating, and organization of public policy preferences, to electoral judgment and partisan change. Contrary to much previous scholarship, the empirical findings reveal that rational judgment—holding preferences that align with one's material interests, values, and relevant facts—does not hinge on cognitive ability. Rather, breaking out of the apathy-versus-bias prison requires critical involvement, and critical involvement requires critical partisan loyalty.Less
Over the past half-century, two overarching topics have dominated the study of mass political behaviour: How do ordinary citizens form their political judgments, and how good are they from a normative perspective? This book provides a novel goal-based approach to these questions, one that compels a wholesale rethinking of the roots of responsible democratic citizenship. The central claim of the book is that partisan identity comes in qualitatively different forms, with distinct political consequences. Blind partisan loyalty, as the pejorative label implies, facilitates bias and reduces attention to valuable information. Critical loyalty, by doing the opposite, outperforms standard measures of political engagement in leading to normatively desirable judgments. Drawing on both experimental and survey methods—as well as five decades of American political history—this book examines the nature and quality of mass political judgment across a wide range of political contexts, from perceptions of the economy, to the formation, updating, and organization of public policy preferences, to electoral judgment and partisan change. Contrary to much previous scholarship, the empirical findings reveal that rational judgment—holding preferences that align with one's material interests, values, and relevant facts—does not hinge on cognitive ability. Rather, breaking out of the apathy-versus-bias prison requires critical involvement, and critical involvement requires critical partisan loyalty.
Howard G. Lavine, Christopher D. Johnston, and Marco R. Steenbergen
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199772759
- eISBN:
- 9780199979622
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199772759.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Psychology and Interaction
This chapter reviews the conventional wisdom on good citizenship, and contrasts this perspective with one focusing on incentives and motivation, and on the importance of situational flexibility in ...
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This chapter reviews the conventional wisdom on good citizenship, and contrasts this perspective with one focusing on incentives and motivation, and on the importance of situational flexibility in political judgment. The chapter situates the book within the larger literature on partisanship, arguing for a perspective that transcends the debate between “traditionalists” and “revisionists” in proposing that partisanship is multifaceted. The chapter also lays out the phenomenon of ambivalent partisanship, and explains how this key variable moderates the nature and quality of political judgment and behavior.Less
This chapter reviews the conventional wisdom on good citizenship, and contrasts this perspective with one focusing on incentives and motivation, and on the importance of situational flexibility in political judgment. The chapter situates the book within the larger literature on partisanship, arguing for a perspective that transcends the debate between “traditionalists” and “revisionists” in proposing that partisanship is multifaceted. The chapter also lays out the phenomenon of ambivalent partisanship, and explains how this key variable moderates the nature and quality of political judgment and behavior.
Lisa Herzog
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- November 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198830405
- eISBN:
- 9780191868658
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198830405.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
This chapter discusses the relationship individuals have to their organizational roles. Based on two real-life examples, it discusses the pitfalls of complete identification with, but also of ...
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This chapter discusses the relationship individuals have to their organizational roles. Based on two real-life examples, it discusses the pitfalls of complete identification with, but also of complete psychological separation from, one’s organizational role. Organizational roles need to be integrated into processes of moral reflection and moral learning. The chapter introduces the notion of ‘transformational agency’ for describing how individuals can remain committed to basic moral norms and put the results of their reflections about their organizational roles into practice. Drawing on Albert Hirschman’s notions of ‘exit’ and ‘voice’, various transformational strategies are discussed. Together, they lead to an attitude of critical loyalty towards organizations. Finally, the chapter asks how organizations can support moral reflection and transformational agency on the part of individuals.Less
This chapter discusses the relationship individuals have to their organizational roles. Based on two real-life examples, it discusses the pitfalls of complete identification with, but also of complete psychological separation from, one’s organizational role. Organizational roles need to be integrated into processes of moral reflection and moral learning. The chapter introduces the notion of ‘transformational agency’ for describing how individuals can remain committed to basic moral norms and put the results of their reflections about their organizational roles into practice. Drawing on Albert Hirschman’s notions of ‘exit’ and ‘voice’, various transformational strategies are discussed. Together, they lead to an attitude of critical loyalty towards organizations. Finally, the chapter asks how organizations can support moral reflection and transformational agency on the part of individuals.
