Chrisoula Andreou
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195376685
- eISBN:
- 9780199776306
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376685.003.0012
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter illustrates and analyzes an important coping strategy that has been neglected in the literature on procrastination: the leveraging strategy. Although one must know oneself quite well to ...
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This chapter illustrates and analyzes an important coping strategy that has been neglected in the literature on procrastination: the leveraging strategy. Although one must know oneself quite well to use it, it has some significant advantages and so is worth considering, particularly when other strategies are not working or are out of place. Its main advantages are that it can be used even when no external incentives or constraints are conveniently available, and it avoids the dangers associated with magnifying the significance of lapses by casting every relevant choice as a crucial test of one’s self-control. Theoretically, the strategy is initially somewhat puzzling, since it seems to rely on having a significant amount of self-control; but such self-control is, it seems, precisely what is lacking. The puzzle dissolves once one recognizes the possibility that self-control can figure as a local trait rather than a robust character trait.Less
This chapter illustrates and analyzes an important coping strategy that has been neglected in the literature on procrastination: the leveraging strategy. Although one must know oneself quite well to use it, it has some significant advantages and so is worth considering, particularly when other strategies are not working or are out of place. Its main advantages are that it can be used even when no external incentives or constraints are conveniently available, and it avoids the dangers associated with magnifying the significance of lapses by casting every relevant choice as a crucial test of one’s self-control. Theoretically, the strategy is initially somewhat puzzling, since it seems to rely on having a significant amount of self-control; but such self-control is, it seems, precisely what is lacking. The puzzle dissolves once one recognizes the possibility that self-control can figure as a local trait rather than a robust character trait.
Kirby Deater-Deckard
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300103939
- eISBN:
- 9780300133936
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300103939.003.0007
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
Adaptation and coping with parenting stress involve a number of psychological processes. This chapter evaluates the effectiveness of some coping strategies that may reduce parenting stress and ...
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Adaptation and coping with parenting stress involve a number of psychological processes. This chapter evaluates the effectiveness of some coping strategies that may reduce parenting stress and improve children's developmental outcomes. Some of these strategies include problem- and emotion-focused coping, cognitive approach strategy, and relationship-focused coping. The chapter also reviews intervention studies that promote adaptation and reduce parenting stress.Less
Adaptation and coping with parenting stress involve a number of psychological processes. This chapter evaluates the effectiveness of some coping strategies that may reduce parenting stress and improve children's developmental outcomes. Some of these strategies include problem- and emotion-focused coping, cognitive approach strategy, and relationship-focused coping. The chapter also reviews intervention studies that promote adaptation and reduce parenting stress.
Kirby Deater-Deckard
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300103939
- eISBN:
- 9780300133936
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300103939.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
All parents experience stress as they attempt to meet the challenges of caring for their children. This comprehensive book examines the causes and consequences of parenting distress, drawing on a ...
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All parents experience stress as they attempt to meet the challenges of caring for their children. This comprehensive book examines the causes and consequences of parenting distress, drawing on a wide array of findings in current empirical research. The author explores normal and pathological parenting stress, the influences of parents on their children as well as children on their parents, and the effects of biological and environmental factors. Beginning with an overview of theories of stress and coping, he goes on to describe how parenting stress is linked with problems in adult and child health (emotional problems, developmental disorders, illness); parental behaviors (warmth, harsh discipline); and factors outside the family (marital quality, work roles, cultural influences). The book concludes with a useful review of coping strategies and interventions that alleviate parenting stress.Less
All parents experience stress as they attempt to meet the challenges of caring for their children. This comprehensive book examines the causes and consequences of parenting distress, drawing on a wide array of findings in current empirical research. The author explores normal and pathological parenting stress, the influences of parents on their children as well as children on their parents, and the effects of biological and environmental factors. Beginning with an overview of theories of stress and coping, he goes on to describe how parenting stress is linked with problems in adult and child health (emotional problems, developmental disorders, illness); parental behaviors (warmth, harsh discipline); and factors outside the family (marital quality, work roles, cultural influences). The book concludes with a useful review of coping strategies and interventions that alleviate parenting stress.
Sofie Vandoninck, Leen d'Haenens, and Katia Segers
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781847428837
- eISBN:
- 9781447307723
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847428837.003.0016
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
When exposure to online risks results in a negative experience, children respond in different ways to this feeling of being upset. This chapter investigates which children are more vulnerable, as ...
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When exposure to online risks results in a negative experience, children respond in different ways to this feeling of being upset. This chapter investigates which children are more vulnerable, as they feel upset more intensively. While online bullying provokes most harm, children seem less bothered seeing sexual images (content risk). Younger children and those with little self-efficacy or psychological problems feel more intensively upset, and girls are more sensitive to sexual risks. This chapter also looks into children's coping responses when they feel upset after exposure to online risks. The chapter distinguishes between fatalistic, communicative and proactive coping strategies. It concludes that children identified as more vulnerable are more likely to adopt a passive or fatalistic approach, while self-confident children seem to tackle the problem more proactively. Girls and younger children are more communicative. Children higher on the ladder of online opportunities will adopt more online proactive coping strategies such as deleting disturbing messages or blocking the sender. These results are an indication for a double jeopardy effect: children who experience difficulties offline seem to find it more difficult to cope with online risks.Less
When exposure to online risks results in a negative experience, children respond in different ways to this feeling of being upset. This chapter investigates which children are more vulnerable, as they feel upset more intensively. While online bullying provokes most harm, children seem less bothered seeing sexual images (content risk). Younger children and those with little self-efficacy or psychological problems feel more intensively upset, and girls are more sensitive to sexual risks. This chapter also looks into children's coping responses when they feel upset after exposure to online risks. The chapter distinguishes between fatalistic, communicative and proactive coping strategies. It concludes that children identified as more vulnerable are more likely to adopt a passive or fatalistic approach, while self-confident children seem to tackle the problem more proactively. Girls and younger children are more communicative. Children higher on the ladder of online opportunities will adopt more online proactive coping strategies such as deleting disturbing messages or blocking the sender. These results are an indication for a double jeopardy effect: children who experience difficulties offline seem to find it more difficult to cope with online risks.
Jane Lemaire, Jean E. Wallace, and Alyssa Jovanovic
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780195383263
- eISBN:
- 9780199344871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195383263.003.0013
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
There are more women and a new generation of physicians entering the practice of medicine. This chapter presents pertinent literature on these two demographic shifts and on the topic of physicians’ ...
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There are more women and a new generation of physicians entering the practice of medicine. This chapter presents pertinent literature on these two demographic shifts and on the topic of physicians’ work-related stress and coping strategies in the context of these changes within the medical profession. The authors also present data from a large-scale study that helps explore how physicians’ work-related stress and coping strategies may be similar or different depending on their generation or gender.Less
There are more women and a new generation of physicians entering the practice of medicine. This chapter presents pertinent literature on these two demographic shifts and on the topic of physicians’ work-related stress and coping strategies in the context of these changes within the medical profession. The authors also present data from a large-scale study that helps explore how physicians’ work-related stress and coping strategies may be similar or different depending on their generation or gender.
Donal Gallagher and Barbara Monroe
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199212934
- eISBN:
- 9780191730368
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212934.003.0010
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
This chapter discusses psychosocial care, a collective responsibility of everyone working with those affected by ALS. Psychosocial care includes the giving of bad news, respecting and developing ...
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This chapter discusses psychosocial care, a collective responsibility of everyone working with those affected by ALS. Psychosocial care includes the giving of bad news, respecting and developing coping strategies, and acknowledging fears and maintaining hope. Psychosocial care is the core component of good palliative care; it plays an important role in determining how patients and families respond to the impact of the illness and aids in the coping with the experiences of loss and change as well as in expanding the sense of what is possible.Less
This chapter discusses psychosocial care, a collective responsibility of everyone working with those affected by ALS. Psychosocial care includes the giving of bad news, respecting and developing coping strategies, and acknowledging fears and maintaining hope. Psychosocial care is the core component of good palliative care; it plays an important role in determining how patients and families respond to the impact of the illness and aids in the coping with the experiences of loss and change as well as in expanding the sense of what is possible.
Milmon F. Harrison
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- February 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195153132
- eISBN:
- 9780199784578
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195153138.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter focuses on the difficult positions faced by some people as they attempt both to live out the teachings of the Faith Message and to serve the needs of the ministry. It discusses four ...
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This chapter focuses on the difficult positions faced by some people as they attempt both to live out the teachings of the Faith Message and to serve the needs of the ministry. It discusses four coping strategies church members use to cope with the demands placed upon them: filtering, venting networks, break taking, and, leaving the church permanently. Filtering is the active, intentional practice of accepting certain parts of the pastor's interpretation of scripture (or definition of the situation in terms of practice) while consciously rejecting others. Venting networks emerged out of social interactions in which members — who may or may not be deemed “disgruntled” but who have something to say that may be interpreted by others as against the dominant view — are able to critique and to give voice to their disagreements or discontents concerning some aspect of their experiences in the church. Break taking involves members voluntarily removing themselves either from their position in the church as a worker for a period of time before returning at some later date or staying away from the ministry altogether for a period of time.Less
This chapter focuses on the difficult positions faced by some people as they attempt both to live out the teachings of the Faith Message and to serve the needs of the ministry. It discusses four coping strategies church members use to cope with the demands placed upon them: filtering, venting networks, break taking, and, leaving the church permanently. Filtering is the active, intentional practice of accepting certain parts of the pastor's interpretation of scripture (or definition of the situation in terms of practice) while consciously rejecting others. Venting networks emerged out of social interactions in which members — who may or may not be deemed “disgruntled” but who have something to say that may be interpreted by others as against the dominant view — are able to critique and to give voice to their disagreements or discontents concerning some aspect of their experiences in the church. Break taking involves members voluntarily removing themselves either from their position in the church as a worker for a period of time before returning at some later date or staying away from the ministry altogether for a period of time.
David M. Cutler and Mary Beth Landrum
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226903354
- eISBN:
- 9780226903361
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226903361.003.0007
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare
This chapter examines how elderly people in different socioeconomic groups cope with disability in performing basic personal care activities, including dressing, bathing, and getting around inside, ...
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This chapter examines how elderly people in different socioeconomic groups cope with disability in performing basic personal care activities, including dressing, bathing, and getting around inside, and activities required to live independently, such as preparing meals, grocery shopping, and managing money. It considers two primary issues. It shows that while the majority of socioeconomic differences in disability can be attributed to differences in underlying functioning—the better off have much less difficulty with these measures even in the absence of help—coping is important as well. In other words, the better educated are less likely to have functional disabilities in the first place, and cope with them better when they occur. The second part of the study analyzes how people cope with impairments, how coping strategies vary by education, and whether the use of personal help and technological aids are important for successful coping. On these issues, the study finds that better-educated people use substantially more assistive technology and are more likely to use paid help than people with less education.Less
This chapter examines how elderly people in different socioeconomic groups cope with disability in performing basic personal care activities, including dressing, bathing, and getting around inside, and activities required to live independently, such as preparing meals, grocery shopping, and managing money. It considers two primary issues. It shows that while the majority of socioeconomic differences in disability can be attributed to differences in underlying functioning—the better off have much less difficulty with these measures even in the absence of help—coping is important as well. In other words, the better educated are less likely to have functional disabilities in the first place, and cope with them better when they occur. The second part of the study analyzes how people cope with impairments, how coping strategies vary by education, and whether the use of personal help and technological aids are important for successful coping. On these issues, the study finds that better-educated people use substantially more assistive technology and are more likely to use paid help than people with less education.
Bence Ságvári and Anna Galácz
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781847428837
- eISBN:
- 9781447307723
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847428837.003.0024
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter focuses on the presence of multiple risks in children's lives, using a complex approach that also takes account of the complex characteristics of the different coping strategies employed ...
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This chapter focuses on the presence of multiple risks in children's lives, using a complex approach that also takes account of the complex characteristics of the different coping strategies employed to obviate potential harm. Using multivariate analysis the results suggest evidence for the support of both usage and risk migration hypotheses in the case of risk, and for the vulnerability hypothesis in the case of harm. By analysing coping strategies the chapter suggests that only a small minority of children choose a single coping strategy. Most adopt more than one solution, which means that they mix the theoretically separate types of action in responding to harm. The results show that a sole passive type of coping is very rare among children, thus confirming the previous findings which indicate that children's responses are generally positive: most children feel empowered to seek social support or act on their own.Less
This chapter focuses on the presence of multiple risks in children's lives, using a complex approach that also takes account of the complex characteristics of the different coping strategies employed to obviate potential harm. Using multivariate analysis the results suggest evidence for the support of both usage and risk migration hypotheses in the case of risk, and for the vulnerability hypothesis in the case of harm. By analysing coping strategies the chapter suggests that only a small minority of children choose a single coping strategy. Most adopt more than one solution, which means that they mix the theoretically separate types of action in responding to harm. The results show that a sole passive type of coping is very rare among children, thus confirming the previous findings which indicate that children's responses are generally positive: most children feel empowered to seek social support or act on their own.
Sue Estroff
- Published in print:
- 1985
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520054516
- eISBN:
- 9780520907751
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520054516.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Medical Anthropology
This book explores the psychological, social, and economic facts of life for a group of discharged mental hospital patients living in Madison, Wisconsin. It both explicitly and inferentially raises ...
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This book explores the psychological, social, and economic facts of life for a group of discharged mental hospital patients living in Madison, Wisconsin. It both explicitly and inferentially raises questions about the rationale for deinstitutionalization. An anthropological field study, the work is the product of two years of intensive observation. It is a revealing enquiry into the lives of people whose welfare the United States has sought to promote by revolutionizing its system of psychiatric care. The book provides an account of the lives and problems of the mentally ill trying to make it in the community. It describes the wide range of coping strategies used by clients in their everyday existence. The book's main contention is that the systems of control, labeling, and rewards all work together to keep these people in their crazy role.Less
This book explores the psychological, social, and economic facts of life for a group of discharged mental hospital patients living in Madison, Wisconsin. It both explicitly and inferentially raises questions about the rationale for deinstitutionalization. An anthropological field study, the work is the product of two years of intensive observation. It is a revealing enquiry into the lives of people whose welfare the United States has sought to promote by revolutionizing its system of psychiatric care. The book provides an account of the lives and problems of the mentally ill trying to make it in the community. It describes the wide range of coping strategies used by clients in their everyday existence. The book's main contention is that the systems of control, labeling, and rewards all work together to keep these people in their crazy role.
Chrisoula Andreou and Mark D. White (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195376685
- eISBN:
- 9780199776306
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376685.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
When we fail to achieve our goals, procrastination is often the culprit. But how exactly is procrastination to be understood? It has been described as imprudent, irrational, inconsistent, and even ...
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When we fail to achieve our goals, procrastination is often the culprit. But how exactly is procrastination to be understood? It has been described as imprudent, irrational, inconsistent, and even immoral, but there has been no sustained philosophical debate concerning the topic. This volume starts in on the task of integrating the problem of procrastination into philosophical inquiry. The focus is on exploring procrastination in relation to agency, rationality, and ethics—topics that philosophy is well suited to address. Theoretically and empirically informed analyses are developed and applied with the aim of shedding light on a vexing practical problem that generates a great deal of frustration, regret, and harm. Some of the key questions addressed include the following: How can we analyze procrastination in a way that does justice to both its voluntary and its self-defeating dimensions? What kind of practical failing is procrastination? Is it a form of weakness of will? Is it the product of fragmented agency? Is it a vice? Given the nature of procrastination, what are the most promising coping strategies?Less
When we fail to achieve our goals, procrastination is often the culprit. But how exactly is procrastination to be understood? It has been described as imprudent, irrational, inconsistent, and even immoral, but there has been no sustained philosophical debate concerning the topic. This volume starts in on the task of integrating the problem of procrastination into philosophical inquiry. The focus is on exploring procrastination in relation to agency, rationality, and ethics—topics that philosophy is well suited to address. Theoretically and empirically informed analyses are developed and applied with the aim of shedding light on a vexing practical problem that generates a great deal of frustration, regret, and harm. Some of the key questions addressed include the following: How can we analyze procrastination in a way that does justice to both its voluntary and its self-defeating dimensions? What kind of practical failing is procrastination? Is it a form of weakness of will? Is it the product of fragmented agency? Is it a vice? Given the nature of procrastination, what are the most promising coping strategies?
Linda E Carlson and Barry D Bultz
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199238361
- eISBN:
- 9780191730290
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199238361.003.0016
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
As medical cancer treatments become more and more successful, a growing cohort of cancer survivors is emerging. Maintaining effective communication with survivors poses a host of new challenges that ...
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As medical cancer treatments become more and more successful, a growing cohort of cancer survivors is emerging. Maintaining effective communication with survivors poses a host of new challenges that have not received much attention in the literature to date. This chapter covers a number of areas relevant to enhancing communication with survivors including: various definitions of who is considered a cancer survivor; prevalence of survivors; key issues faced by cancer survivors; coping strategies, including the use of care plans and clinical practice guidelines; communication challenges with cancer survivors; models for survivorship care and details about communication techniques in the survivorship consultation. It examines the issues that are important for ongoing care and communication with cancer patients who will go on to live post-treatment and require continuity of care for many years.Less
As medical cancer treatments become more and more successful, a growing cohort of cancer survivors is emerging. Maintaining effective communication with survivors poses a host of new challenges that have not received much attention in the literature to date. This chapter covers a number of areas relevant to enhancing communication with survivors including: various definitions of who is considered a cancer survivor; prevalence of survivors; key issues faced by cancer survivors; coping strategies, including the use of care plans and clinical practice guidelines; communication challenges with cancer survivors; models for survivorship care and details about communication techniques in the survivorship consultation. It examines the issues that are important for ongoing care and communication with cancer patients who will go on to live post-treatment and require continuity of care for many years.
Maïté le Polain and Nyssens Marthe
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199687015
- eISBN:
- 9780191766916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199687015.003.0005
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Microeconomics, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter aims to analyse the strategies used by vulnerable inhabitants of South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to cope with economic hardships. The analysis is based on exploratory ...
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This chapter aims to analyse the strategies used by vulnerable inhabitants of South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to cope with economic hardships. The analysis is based on exploratory qualitative research conducted in June 2011. Economic hardships are understood as financial pressures on the household that result from sudden emergencies or life-cycle events. We first describe commonly reported sources of economic hardships and then risk management and coping strategies. Strategies are grouped into three categories: individual strategies such as self-insurance and income diversification, collective informal, and collective formal strategies. The socio-economic logics underpinning these strategies are then examined through the lenses of the Polanyi framework, which distinguishes between four types of economic integration principles: market, redistribution, reciprocity, and householding. Our research results indicate a plurality of economic logics in strategies used by respondents as well as the predominance of reciprocity and householding principles.Less
This chapter aims to analyse the strategies used by vulnerable inhabitants of South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to cope with economic hardships. The analysis is based on exploratory qualitative research conducted in June 2011. Economic hardships are understood as financial pressures on the household that result from sudden emergencies or life-cycle events. We first describe commonly reported sources of economic hardships and then risk management and coping strategies. Strategies are grouped into three categories: individual strategies such as self-insurance and income diversification, collective informal, and collective formal strategies. The socio-economic logics underpinning these strategies are then examined through the lenses of the Polanyi framework, which distinguishes between four types of economic integration principles: market, redistribution, reciprocity, and householding. Our research results indicate a plurality of economic logics in strategies used by respondents as well as the predominance of reciprocity and householding principles.
Yasuyuki Sawada
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199841936
- eISBN:
- 9780199950157
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199841936.003.0012
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Japan is vulnerable to a wide variety of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, floods, landslides and avalanches. Of these natural disasters, earthquakes are ...
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Japan is vulnerable to a wide variety of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, floods, landslides and avalanches. Of these natural disasters, earthquakes are the most serious and frequently occurring. In this chapter, after reviewing the two contrasting cases of the Kobe and Chuetsu earthquakes, we discuss the role of public policy in facilitating risk management at the household level in the case of natural disasters. The Kobe earthquake hit the urban centre, where industries and residence are densely located, while the Chuetsu earthquake occurred in mountainous and remote farming areas. A comparison of Kobe and Chuetsu earthquakes shows differences in income, consumption, and other household level socio-economic variables that help us to identify the effectiveness of formal and informal insurance mechanisms.Less
Japan is vulnerable to a wide variety of natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, floods, landslides and avalanches. Of these natural disasters, earthquakes are the most serious and frequently occurring. In this chapter, after reviewing the two contrasting cases of the Kobe and Chuetsu earthquakes, we discuss the role of public policy in facilitating risk management at the household level in the case of natural disasters. The Kobe earthquake hit the urban centre, where industries and residence are densely located, while the Chuetsu earthquake occurred in mountainous and remote farming areas. A comparison of Kobe and Chuetsu earthquakes shows differences in income, consumption, and other household level socio-economic variables that help us to identify the effectiveness of formal and informal insurance mechanisms.
Philip Verwimp and Olivia D’Aoust
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199664597
- eISBN:
- 9780191749254
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664597.003.0008
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Households in developing countries are exposed to a number of risks, including negative shocks to their health, nutrition, or income. These shocks can be related to poor living conditions or ...
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Households in developing countries are exposed to a number of risks, including negative shocks to their health, nutrition, or income. These shocks can be related to poor living conditions or exogenous events such as natural disasters. In conflict-prone environments, political shocks add insecurity to an already volatile economic context. In the absence of functioning insurance and credit markets, these adverse events can trap households into poverty. This chapter presents research performed as part of MICROCON on the risks faced and the security and the coping mechanisms used by households and individuals in Rwanda and Burundi, two conflict-affected countries in central Africa. The authors present insights on poverty dynamics, health, nutrition, and mortality, as well as on social, risk, and time preferences.Less
Households in developing countries are exposed to a number of risks, including negative shocks to their health, nutrition, or income. These shocks can be related to poor living conditions or exogenous events such as natural disasters. In conflict-prone environments, political shocks add insecurity to an already volatile economic context. In the absence of functioning insurance and credit markets, these adverse events can trap households into poverty. This chapter presents research performed as part of MICROCON on the risks faced and the security and the coping mechanisms used by households and individuals in Rwanda and Burundi, two conflict-affected countries in central Africa. The authors present insights on poverty dynamics, health, nutrition, and mortality, as well as on social, risk, and time preferences.
Denise Tanner
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861348869
- eISBN:
- 9781447302773
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861348869.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gerontology and Ageing
The ‘slippery slope’ conveys participants’ perceptions of their tenuous hold on ‘coping’ and the implied threat of a time when they would no longer be able to manage. The chapter explores the ...
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The ‘slippery slope’ conveys participants’ perceptions of their tenuous hold on ‘coping’ and the implied threat of a time when they would no longer be able to manage. The chapter explores the resources and threats that comprise ‘the slippery slope’ of later life and influence older people’s capacity to withstand or negotiate successfully the difficulties they encounter. Key factors for participants when giving an account of the nature and level of difficulties they experienced and their strategies for addressing them are their health and abilities, financial resources, previous life experiences, own perspectives, and social relationships. The wider community may also pose threats to old people’s coping strategies which impedes them in managing difficulties. These include the availability and the level of service available or provided, and community services which appeared to undermine efforts to preserve independence.Less
The ‘slippery slope’ conveys participants’ perceptions of their tenuous hold on ‘coping’ and the implied threat of a time when they would no longer be able to manage. The chapter explores the resources and threats that comprise ‘the slippery slope’ of later life and influence older people’s capacity to withstand or negotiate successfully the difficulties they encounter. Key factors for participants when giving an account of the nature and level of difficulties they experienced and their strategies for addressing them are their health and abilities, financial resources, previous life experiences, own perspectives, and social relationships. The wider community may also pose threats to old people’s coping strategies which impedes them in managing difficulties. These include the availability and the level of service available or provided, and community services which appeared to undermine efforts to preserve independence.
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226520544
- eISBN:
- 9780226520568
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226520568.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
During times of collective crisis — in particular, terrorist threat — individuals may experience heightened distress, anxiety, hopelessness, loss of control, worry, fear, and anger. By their very ...
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During times of collective crisis — in particular, terrorist threat — individuals may experience heightened distress, anxiety, hopelessness, loss of control, worry, fear, and anger. By their very nature, collective crises create conditions in which solutions remain out of the reach of individual decisions or actions. Reacting to conditions of terrorist threat, people may adopt one or more coping strategies that affect how they perceive and treat fellow individuals, their political leaders, and other nations. This chapter discusses three such strategies. The first coping strategy is the expression of increased distrust and authoritarianism in one's assessments of other individuals. The second is coping via strong leadership and charisma, and searching for a heroic political leader whose status is elevated and protected in order to increase one's feelings of efficacy and/or safety. The third strategy is an increased preference for dual foreign policy objectives whereby individuals seek to “lock down” the homeland while at the same time engage abroad. The chapter concludes by considering the ways in which conditions of terrorist threat may (or may not) place democracy at risk.Less
During times of collective crisis — in particular, terrorist threat — individuals may experience heightened distress, anxiety, hopelessness, loss of control, worry, fear, and anger. By their very nature, collective crises create conditions in which solutions remain out of the reach of individual decisions or actions. Reacting to conditions of terrorist threat, people may adopt one or more coping strategies that affect how they perceive and treat fellow individuals, their political leaders, and other nations. This chapter discusses three such strategies. The first coping strategy is the expression of increased distrust and authoritarianism in one's assessments of other individuals. The second is coping via strong leadership and charisma, and searching for a heroic political leader whose status is elevated and protected in order to increase one's feelings of efficacy and/or safety. The third strategy is an increased preference for dual foreign policy objectives whereby individuals seek to “lock down” the homeland while at the same time engage abroad. The chapter concludes by considering the ways in which conditions of terrorist threat may (or may not) place democracy at risk.
Valerie Maholmes
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199959525
- eISBN:
- 9780199372034
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199959525.003.0008
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Clinical Psychology
This chapter focuses on cultural factors and their important role in shaping individuals’ perceptions of and ability to manage adversity. It examines strengths of cultural heritage and values, and ...
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This chapter focuses on cultural factors and their important role in shaping individuals’ perceptions of and ability to manage adversity. It examines strengths of cultural heritage and values, and the ways in which they may act as buffers against the stresses of acculturative processes. Thus, highlighted are research studies that shed light on the strengths and assets upon which individuals draw to manage the day-to-day complexities of their lives. These include spirituality and religion, cultural and racial socialization, cultural perspective taking on coping and resilience, and cultural traditions and practices. Excerpts from interviews with family members and program professionals are provided alongside the reviews of research to further illuminate the ways in which members of cultural groups reinterpret adverse situations and use coping strategies to overcome adversity.Less
This chapter focuses on cultural factors and their important role in shaping individuals’ perceptions of and ability to manage adversity. It examines strengths of cultural heritage and values, and the ways in which they may act as buffers against the stresses of acculturative processes. Thus, highlighted are research studies that shed light on the strengths and assets upon which individuals draw to manage the day-to-day complexities of their lives. These include spirituality and religion, cultural and racial socialization, cultural perspective taking on coping and resilience, and cultural traditions and practices. Excerpts from interviews with family members and program professionals are provided alongside the reviews of research to further illuminate the ways in which members of cultural groups reinterpret adverse situations and use coping strategies to overcome adversity.
Arne H. Eide and Benedicte Ingstad (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847428851
- eISBN:
- 9781447302063
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847428851.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
This book is about being disabled and being poor, and the social, cultural, and political processes that link these two aspects of living. Environmental barriers, limited access to services, and ...
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This book is about being disabled and being poor, and the social, cultural, and political processes that link these two aspects of living. Environmental barriers, limited access to services, and discriminatory attitudes and practice are among key elements that drive disabled people into poverty and keep them there. The book explores the lived realities of people with disabilities from across the developing world and examines how the coping strategies of individuals and families emerge in different contexts.Less
This book is about being disabled and being poor, and the social, cultural, and political processes that link these two aspects of living. Environmental barriers, limited access to services, and discriminatory attitudes and practice are among key elements that drive disabled people into poverty and keep them there. The book explores the lived realities of people with disabilities from across the developing world and examines how the coping strategies of individuals and families emerge in different contexts.
David Gudelunas
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823233311
- eISBN:
- 9780823241743
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823233311.003.0012
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter reflects on the writings of French Jesuit scholar Michel de Certeau, an extremely influential cultural anthropologist of the twentieth century, whose dense and fascinating writings shed ...
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This chapter reflects on the writings of French Jesuit scholar Michel de Certeau, an extremely influential cultural anthropologist of the twentieth century, whose dense and fascinating writings shed light on what more modern scholars might simply label “coping strategies.” Central in de Certeau's work is his discussion of “strategies” and “tactics,” whereby he links strategies with institutions and structures of power, while tactics are utilized by individuals to create space for themselves in environments defined by strategies. The chapter explores the relevance of this theoretical framework of “everyday life” to understanding the contemporary position of feminists as well as gay men and lesbians who are creating space for their own communities within the structure of a Jesuit university. In particular, it explores how one group of students at a Jesuit university created a policy report as a tactical measure to document and make recommendations on how to best make life for gay men and lesbians on a Jesuit campus more welcoming.Less
This chapter reflects on the writings of French Jesuit scholar Michel de Certeau, an extremely influential cultural anthropologist of the twentieth century, whose dense and fascinating writings shed light on what more modern scholars might simply label “coping strategies.” Central in de Certeau's work is his discussion of “strategies” and “tactics,” whereby he links strategies with institutions and structures of power, while tactics are utilized by individuals to create space for themselves in environments defined by strategies. The chapter explores the relevance of this theoretical framework of “everyday life” to understanding the contemporary position of feminists as well as gay men and lesbians who are creating space for their own communities within the structure of a Jesuit university. In particular, it explores how one group of students at a Jesuit university created a policy report as a tactical measure to document and make recommendations on how to best make life for gay men and lesbians on a Jesuit campus more welcoming.
