Tina Reynolds
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520252493
- eISBN:
- 9780520944565
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520252493.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
This chapter presents a glossary of terms in opposition to the language that society has adopted to unidentify people who have been in conflict with the law. These examples of oppressive terminology ...
More
This chapter presents a glossary of terms in opposition to the language that society has adopted to unidentify people who have been in conflict with the law. These examples of oppressive terminology show how language harms people, deepening their invisibility as human beings and undermining their eligibility for forgiveness and redemption. Derogatory, dehumanizing, and oppressive, this language is passed down to innocent family members, including children, further complicating the acceptance of incarcerated and formerly incarcerated people into social circles and society. Some examples of these derogatory terms are reentry, inmate, convict, rehabilitation, ex-con or ex-convict, and offender.Less
This chapter presents a glossary of terms in opposition to the language that society has adopted to unidentify people who have been in conflict with the law. These examples of oppressive terminology show how language harms people, deepening their invisibility as human beings and undermining their eligibility for forgiveness and redemption. Derogatory, dehumanizing, and oppressive, this language is passed down to innocent family members, including children, further complicating the acceptance of incarcerated and formerly incarcerated people into social circles and society. Some examples of these derogatory terms are reentry, inmate, convict, rehabilitation, ex-con or ex-convict, and offender.
Joan Petersilia
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195160864
- eISBN:
- 9780199943395
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195160864.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This chapter discusses the growing number of citizens who have criminal records and the ways in which those records are increasingly being openly shared with the public. It also reviews the evidence ...
More
This chapter discusses the growing number of citizens who have criminal records and the ways in which those records are increasingly being openly shared with the public. It also reviews the evidence on how a criminal record affects an offender's right to vote, qualify for public assistance, find work, or retain his parental rights. The restrictions on employment and housing create formidable obstacles to law-abidingness. One has to question whether we are jeopardizing public safety by making it so difficult for released prisoners to succeed.Less
This chapter discusses the growing number of citizens who have criminal records and the ways in which those records are increasingly being openly shared with the public. It also reviews the evidence on how a criminal record affects an offender's right to vote, qualify for public assistance, find work, or retain his parental rights. The restrictions on employment and housing create formidable obstacles to law-abidingness. One has to question whether we are jeopardizing public safety by making it so difficult for released prisoners to succeed.
John Merriman
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195072532
- eISBN:
- 9780199867790
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195072532.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter examines the daily routines of policing France's growing urban world. Prostitution, illegal gambling, notorious drinking spots, the brawling rivalries between groups of artisans, or ...
More
This chapter examines the daily routines of policing France's growing urban world. Prostitution, illegal gambling, notorious drinking spots, the brawling rivalries between groups of artisans, or compagnons, the surveillance of ex-convicts, and the search for missing persons were part of the expected work of policemen. But there was also the unexpected, as commissaires de police confronted the tragedies of fires, suicides, infanticide, and child abandonment.Less
This chapter examines the daily routines of policing France's growing urban world. Prostitution, illegal gambling, notorious drinking spots, the brawling rivalries between groups of artisans, or compagnons, the surveillance of ex-convicts, and the search for missing persons were part of the expected work of policemen. But there was also the unexpected, as commissaires de police confronted the tragedies of fires, suicides, infanticide, and child abandonment.
Marjory Harper and Stephen Constantine
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199250936
- eISBN:
- 9780191594847
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250936.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
The substantial contribution which immigration from the UK made to the demographic development of Australia began with the arrival of convicts. Without a sufficiency of aboriginal workers, they were ...
More
The substantial contribution which immigration from the UK made to the demographic development of Australia began with the arrival of convicts. Without a sufficiency of aboriginal workers, they were the continent's first manageable workforce. Their age, occupation and skills made them suitable as pioneer settlers. They were followed by free immigrants, initially mainly pastoralists, and then by the very many assisted migrants. Subsidized passages, beginning in the 1830s, long remained essential (except in gold rush periods) to overcome the ‘tyranny of distance’ from the UK, the preferred source. Official recruiting also permitted selection, especially by skill, age and ethnicity, but economic fluctuations, war and demographic worries affected programmes and migrant experiences. These issues led after 1945 to recruiting outside the UK, and eventually to the ending of the ‘White Australia’ policy and the arrival of multiculturalism.Less
The substantial contribution which immigration from the UK made to the demographic development of Australia began with the arrival of convicts. Without a sufficiency of aboriginal workers, they were the continent's first manageable workforce. Their age, occupation and skills made them suitable as pioneer settlers. They were followed by free immigrants, initially mainly pastoralists, and then by the very many assisted migrants. Subsidized passages, beginning in the 1830s, long remained essential (except in gold rush periods) to overcome the ‘tyranny of distance’ from the UK, the preferred source. Official recruiting also permitted selection, especially by skill, age and ethnicity, but economic fluctuations, war and demographic worries affected programmes and migrant experiences. These issues led after 1945 to recruiting outside the UK, and eventually to the ending of the ‘White Australia’ policy and the arrival of multiculturalism.
Anonymous
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520252493
- eISBN:
- 9780520944565
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520252493.003.0079
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
In this chapter, the author shares her thoughts about her parents, both of whom were convicted felons. At first she did not notice or understand her parents' wrongdoings. To her they looked normal. ...
More
In this chapter, the author shares her thoughts about her parents, both of whom were convicted felons. At first she did not notice or understand her parents' wrongdoings. To her they looked normal. Her mother was an addict, but it was not noticeable because she kept herself well maintained. Her father got locked up for reckless endangerment and grand larceny, and her mother stopped keeping her drug addiction a secret. The author's grandparents became her mother and father. Over the years, her mother claimed she had had enough and turned herself in to the custody of Nassau County Correctional Facility on four different occassions. Perhaps this shows how much rehabilitation this prison had to offer. The author believes that all the problems with her mother and father had affected her and made her very antisocial; she definitely had difficulties opening up and building relationships with people. In her opinion, though, this was a small price to pay for the more valuable lessons she has learned. She is the daughter of incarcerated parents.Less
In this chapter, the author shares her thoughts about her parents, both of whom were convicted felons. At first she did not notice or understand her parents' wrongdoings. To her they looked normal. Her mother was an addict, but it was not noticeable because she kept herself well maintained. Her father got locked up for reckless endangerment and grand larceny, and her mother stopped keeping her drug addiction a secret. The author's grandparents became her mother and father. Over the years, her mother claimed she had had enough and turned herself in to the custody of Nassau County Correctional Facility on four different occassions. Perhaps this shows how much rehabilitation this prison had to offer. The author believes that all the problems with her mother and father had affected her and made her very antisocial; she definitely had difficulties opening up and building relationships with people. In her opinion, though, this was a small price to pay for the more valuable lessons she has learned. She is the daughter of incarcerated parents.
Sarah Haley
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469627595
- eISBN:
- 9781469627618
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469627595.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
No Mercy Here: Gender, Punishment, and the Making of Jim Crow Modernity provides an analysis of the role of gender ideology in the development of southern punishment after the Civil War, arguing that ...
More
No Mercy Here: Gender, Punishment, and the Making of Jim Crow Modernity provides an analysis of the role of gender ideology in the development of southern punishment after the Civil War, arguing that the carceral state circulated and entrenched ideas about gender that were critical to the making of Jim Crow. This book reveals how the criminal legal system crafted, reinforced, and required black female deviance as part of the broader constitution of Jim Crow modernity premised upon the devaluation of black life broadly. A study of imprisoned black women’s historical lives, experiences of violence and labor exploitation, practices of refusal and resistance, and visions of freedom and abolition, this book makes the intersection of race, gender, sexuality, and class central to the history of convict labor and Jim Crow modernity. No Mercy Here incorporates speculative historical narrative to highlight questions about black women’s interior lives and draws upon a wide array of archival documents to uncover black women’s experiences in local and state carceral institutions including mixed gender and all-women’s convict lease camps, chain gangs, and state prison farms. This study encompasses an analysis of a broad range of carceral technologies including criminalizing discourses, surveillance, arrest and prosecution, visual culture, reform legislation, and gendered racial terror. No Mercy Here examines black women’s organizational protest against convict leasing and examines the blues as a black feminist expressive culture within a black radical tradition, prefiguring the insights of critical race theory and asserting a black feminist abolition democracy through vivid and elaborate theorizations of racial, gendered, sexual, and economic justice and a world beyond prisons.Less
No Mercy Here: Gender, Punishment, and the Making of Jim Crow Modernity provides an analysis of the role of gender ideology in the development of southern punishment after the Civil War, arguing that the carceral state circulated and entrenched ideas about gender that were critical to the making of Jim Crow. This book reveals how the criminal legal system crafted, reinforced, and required black female deviance as part of the broader constitution of Jim Crow modernity premised upon the devaluation of black life broadly. A study of imprisoned black women’s historical lives, experiences of violence and labor exploitation, practices of refusal and resistance, and visions of freedom and abolition, this book makes the intersection of race, gender, sexuality, and class central to the history of convict labor and Jim Crow modernity. No Mercy Here incorporates speculative historical narrative to highlight questions about black women’s interior lives and draws upon a wide array of archival documents to uncover black women’s experiences in local and state carceral institutions including mixed gender and all-women’s convict lease camps, chain gangs, and state prison farms. This study encompasses an analysis of a broad range of carceral technologies including criminalizing discourses, surveillance, arrest and prosecution, visual culture, reform legislation, and gendered racial terror. No Mercy Here examines black women’s organizational protest against convict leasing and examines the blues as a black feminist expressive culture within a black radical tradition, prefiguring the insights of critical race theory and asserting a black feminist abolition democracy through vivid and elaborate theorizations of racial, gendered, sexual, and economic justice and a world beyond prisons.
Talitha L. LeFlouria
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469622477
- eISBN:
- 9781469623283
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469622477.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
In 1868, the state of Georgia began to make its rapidly growing population of prisoners available for hire. The resulting convict leasing system ensnared not only men but also African-American women, ...
More
In 1868, the state of Georgia began to make its rapidly growing population of prisoners available for hire. The resulting convict leasing system ensnared not only men but also African-American women, who were forced to labor in camps and factories to make profits for private investors. This book draws from a rich array of primary sources to piece together the stories of these women, recounting what they endured in Georgia's prison system and what their labor accomplished.Less
In 1868, the state of Georgia began to make its rapidly growing population of prisoners available for hire. The resulting convict leasing system ensnared not only men but also African-American women, who were forced to labor in camps and factories to make profits for private investors. This book draws from a rich array of primary sources to piece together the stories of these women, recounting what they endured in Georgia's prison system and what their labor accomplished.
Rod Earle
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781447323648
- eISBN:
- 9781447323662
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447323648.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
Convict criminology is the study of criminology by those who have first-hand experience of imprisonment. This is the first single-authored account of this unusual perspective. It begins with an ...
More
Convict criminology is the study of criminology by those who have first-hand experience of imprisonment. This is the first single-authored account of this unusual perspective. It begins with an overview of the idea that direct experience of incarceration furnishes a criminologist with distinctive resources to analyse and critique ideas about crime, punishment, law and order. The book goes on to critically evaluate the emergence of the perspective within the USA. Key figures, such as Frank Tannenbaum and John Irwin, are identified, and their particular contributions to criminology are discussed before the accounts move across the Atlantic to Europe. The Russian anarchist theorist, Peter Kropotkin, is identified as the first ‘convict criminologist’ on the basis of his 19th century study of French and Russian prisons that combined his own experiences of incarceration with extensive empirical studies. The author, by drawing on his own experience of imprisonment in the early 1980s, demonstrates how such experience can be developed academically to widen the horizons of criminology. Taking inspiration from feminist intersectional scholarship his account foregrounds gender, race, colonialism and class as central features of men’s penal experience. The reflexive autobiographical style of the book offers methodological insights, creative theoretical synthesis and a compelling narrative.Less
Convict criminology is the study of criminology by those who have first-hand experience of imprisonment. This is the first single-authored account of this unusual perspective. It begins with an overview of the idea that direct experience of incarceration furnishes a criminologist with distinctive resources to analyse and critique ideas about crime, punishment, law and order. The book goes on to critically evaluate the emergence of the perspective within the USA. Key figures, such as Frank Tannenbaum and John Irwin, are identified, and their particular contributions to criminology are discussed before the accounts move across the Atlantic to Europe. The Russian anarchist theorist, Peter Kropotkin, is identified as the first ‘convict criminologist’ on the basis of his 19th century study of French and Russian prisons that combined his own experiences of incarceration with extensive empirical studies. The author, by drawing on his own experience of imprisonment in the early 1980s, demonstrates how such experience can be developed academically to widen the horizons of criminology. Taking inspiration from feminist intersectional scholarship his account foregrounds gender, race, colonialism and class as central features of men’s penal experience. The reflexive autobiographical style of the book offers methodological insights, creative theoretical synthesis and a compelling narrative.
Talitha L. LeFlouria
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469622477
- eISBN:
- 9781469623283
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469622477.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter concludes that it is within the historiographical space of convict labor studies that the women prisoners' contribution to the forging of New South modernity has tended to be measured in ...
More
This chapter concludes that it is within the historiographical space of convict labor studies that the women prisoners' contribution to the forging of New South modernity has tended to be measured in terms of productivity and profit alone. While the book has shown that female convicts did in fact supply a rich source of labor and profit to southern industrialists, there are other considerations to be made in the assessment of a woman's worth to the postbellum carceral state. From an institutional perspective, the black female presence helped foster significant changes to the penal system of New South Georgia and was the catalyst for early prison reform movements. Albeit by force, African-American women prisoners also executed new forms of labor that remained untried in the free labor marketplace, broadening the overall scope of black women's work in the postemancipation South.Less
This chapter concludes that it is within the historiographical space of convict labor studies that the women prisoners' contribution to the forging of New South modernity has tended to be measured in terms of productivity and profit alone. While the book has shown that female convicts did in fact supply a rich source of labor and profit to southern industrialists, there are other considerations to be made in the assessment of a woman's worth to the postbellum carceral state. From an institutional perspective, the black female presence helped foster significant changes to the penal system of New South Georgia and was the catalyst for early prison reform movements. Albeit by force, African-American women prisoners also executed new forms of labor that remained untried in the free labor marketplace, broadening the overall scope of black women's work in the postemancipation South.
A. Roger Ekirch
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198202110
- eISBN:
- 9780191675157
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202110.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
The first phase of the transportation process was exile from England, but there was no proper and clear policy for transportation during those early days. During the trial, and what followed, ...
More
The first phase of the transportation process was exile from England, but there was no proper and clear policy for transportation during those early days. During the trial, and what followed, convicts needed to be assembled and shipped across the Atlantic as cargo on other ships. Until 1718 convicts were carried in irregular shipments by merchants or in some cases they needed to make their own arrangements to transport themselves. Many merchants refused to transport women as they proved difficult to market in the colonies. In August 1718, the Treasury gave a contract to a London-based merchant to ship convicts from London and seven nearby counties for a sum of £3 per convict. After this, many merchants signed bonds guaranteeing that they would ship the convicts regardless of age, physical condition, or sex.Less
The first phase of the transportation process was exile from England, but there was no proper and clear policy for transportation during those early days. During the trial, and what followed, convicts needed to be assembled and shipped across the Atlantic as cargo on other ships. Until 1718 convicts were carried in irregular shipments by merchants or in some cases they needed to make their own arrangements to transport themselves. Many merchants refused to transport women as they proved difficult to market in the colonies. In August 1718, the Treasury gave a contract to a London-based merchant to ship convicts from London and seven nearby counties for a sum of £3 per convict. After this, many merchants signed bonds guaranteeing that they would ship the convicts regardless of age, physical condition, or sex.
A. Roger Ekirch
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198202110
- eISBN:
- 9780191675157
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202110.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
Chesapeake society saw many troubles after the arrival of large number of convicts into Virginia and Maryland. Soon these white convicts turned servants dominated the ranks of black-workers on the ...
More
Chesapeake society saw many troubles after the arrival of large number of convicts into Virginia and Maryland. Soon these white convicts turned servants dominated the ranks of black-workers on the plantations. During the third quarter of the 17th century, these white labourers started a civil war in the province. Many masterless men, servants, landless freemen, and scattered slaves started threatening the big planters. The province saw a series of uprisings during 1660 and 1670 which was followd by Bacon's Rebellion in 1676. Virginia also experienced an uprising when the convicts raised their voice against the Governor and the provincial authorities. Most convicts were young, male, experienced criminals and their past crimes and reports about their shipboard uprisings also showed that they were desperate to pose a threat and make themselves free.Less
Chesapeake society saw many troubles after the arrival of large number of convicts into Virginia and Maryland. Soon these white convicts turned servants dominated the ranks of black-workers on the plantations. During the third quarter of the 17th century, these white labourers started a civil war in the province. Many masterless men, servants, landless freemen, and scattered slaves started threatening the big planters. The province saw a series of uprisings during 1660 and 1670 which was followd by Bacon's Rebellion in 1676. Virginia also experienced an uprising when the convicts raised their voice against the Governor and the provincial authorities. Most convicts were young, male, experienced criminals and their past crimes and reports about their shipboard uprisings also showed that they were desperate to pose a threat and make themselves free.
Ronit Ricci (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824853747
- eISBN:
- 9780824868697
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824853747.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
Exile in Colonial Asia: Kings, Convicts, Commemoration explores the phenomenon of exile within and from colonial Asia between the seventeenth and early twentieth centuries from several disciplinary ...
More
Exile in Colonial Asia: Kings, Convicts, Commemoration explores the phenomenon of exile within and from colonial Asia between the seventeenth and early twentieth centuries from several disciplinary perspectives: anthropology, gender studies, literature, history, and Asian, Australian, and Pacific studies. Chapters cover myriad contexts from Colombo to Cape Town, from New Caledonia to New South Wales, from Burma to Banda; French, British, and Dutch policies toward, and practices of banishment; various categories of people whose lives were touched or shaped by exile in the colonial period, among them royalty, slaves, convicts, rebels, soldiers, and officials; the condition of exile and the ways it was remembered, reconfigured, and commemorated after the fact. Rather than confining themselves to the European colonial archives, the authors, whenever possible, put special emphasis on the use of indigenous primary sources hitherto little explored. In addition to presenting fascinating, little known, and diverse case studies of exile in colonial Asia, the volume collectively offers a broad, contextualized, comparative perspective on a theme that links the narratives of diverse peoples and locales, invites imaginative methodological innovation in exploring multiple archives, and expands our theoretical frontiers in thinking about the interconnected histories of penal deportation, labor migration, political exile, colonial expansion, and individual destinies.Less
Exile in Colonial Asia: Kings, Convicts, Commemoration explores the phenomenon of exile within and from colonial Asia between the seventeenth and early twentieth centuries from several disciplinary perspectives: anthropology, gender studies, literature, history, and Asian, Australian, and Pacific studies. Chapters cover myriad contexts from Colombo to Cape Town, from New Caledonia to New South Wales, from Burma to Banda; French, British, and Dutch policies toward, and practices of banishment; various categories of people whose lives were touched or shaped by exile in the colonial period, among them royalty, slaves, convicts, rebels, soldiers, and officials; the condition of exile and the ways it was remembered, reconfigured, and commemorated after the fact. Rather than confining themselves to the European colonial archives, the authors, whenever possible, put special emphasis on the use of indigenous primary sources hitherto little explored. In addition to presenting fascinating, little known, and diverse case studies of exile in colonial Asia, the volume collectively offers a broad, contextualized, comparative perspective on a theme that links the narratives of diverse peoples and locales, invites imaginative methodological innovation in exploring multiple archives, and expands our theoretical frontiers in thinking about the interconnected histories of penal deportation, labor migration, political exile, colonial expansion, and individual destinies.
Raylene Ramsay (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824832223
- eISBN:
- 9780824871284
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824832223.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Pacific Studies
This is the first book to present and contextualize the founding texts of New Caledonia, a country sui generis in the relatively little-known French Pacific. Extracts from literary, ethnographic, and ...
More
This is the first book to present and contextualize the founding texts of New Caledonia, a country sui generis in the relatively little-known French Pacific. Extracts from literary, ethnographic, and historical works in English translation introduce the many voices of a diverse culture as it moves toward “independence” or the “common destiny” framed by the 1998 Noumea Agreements. These texts reflect the coexistence of two major cultures, indigenous and European, shaped by the energies and shadows of empire and significantly influenced by one another. The book investigates the nature of overlapping spaces created by cultural contact between Europe and the Pacific. The final section focuses on the literary effervescence of the contemporary period and its revisiting of colonial histories in the difficult movement toward a national identity. Historical romances describe the harshness of life for freed convicts, the impossibility of love between a liberated prisoner and a free settler. Sagas of late-nineteenth-century indentured laborers seeking a living on the nickel-rich main island speak similarly of physical struggle, sacrifice, and ultimately, of contribution to the country's development and the right to a place in the new land. Kanak texts disseminate that community's oral culture and largely silenced voice through the printed word. In a world still moving from colonial to postcolonial frames, the engagement of these works with vital contemporary questions of historical legacy, legitimacy, and cultural hybridity is intensely political. Aesthetics is a political ethics as the different communities of New Caledonia experiment with artistic and textual forms to write their distinctive place in the land.Less
This is the first book to present and contextualize the founding texts of New Caledonia, a country sui generis in the relatively little-known French Pacific. Extracts from literary, ethnographic, and historical works in English translation introduce the many voices of a diverse culture as it moves toward “independence” or the “common destiny” framed by the 1998 Noumea Agreements. These texts reflect the coexistence of two major cultures, indigenous and European, shaped by the energies and shadows of empire and significantly influenced by one another. The book investigates the nature of overlapping spaces created by cultural contact between Europe and the Pacific. The final section focuses on the literary effervescence of the contemporary period and its revisiting of colonial histories in the difficult movement toward a national identity. Historical romances describe the harshness of life for freed convicts, the impossibility of love between a liberated prisoner and a free settler. Sagas of late-nineteenth-century indentured laborers seeking a living on the nickel-rich main island speak similarly of physical struggle, sacrifice, and ultimately, of contribution to the country's development and the right to a place in the new land. Kanak texts disseminate that community's oral culture and largely silenced voice through the printed word. In a world still moving from colonial to postcolonial frames, the engagement of these works with vital contemporary questions of historical legacy, legitimacy, and cultural hybridity is intensely political. Aesthetics is a political ethics as the different communities of New Caledonia experiment with artistic and textual forms to write their distinctive place in the land.
Ryan A. Quintana
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781469642222
- eISBN:
- 9781469641089
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469642222.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This very brief concluding chapter both summarizes the preceding chapters, and argues that South Carolina’s reliance on the enslaved for their political development was prescient, as unfree labor ...
More
This very brief concluding chapter both summarizes the preceding chapters, and argues that South Carolina’s reliance on the enslaved for their political development was prescient, as unfree labor remains essential to modern statecraft.Less
This very brief concluding chapter both summarizes the preceding chapters, and argues that South Carolina’s reliance on the enslaved for their political development was prescient, as unfree labor remains essential to modern statecraft.
Michael Irwin
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447353065
- eISBN:
- 9781447353089
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447353065.003.0014
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
A long prison sentence leads Michael Irwin to a revelation that his experiences of studying criminology with The Open University and discovering classic prison research studies might offer him a new ...
More
A long prison sentence leads Michael Irwin to a revelation that his experiences of studying criminology with The Open University and discovering classic prison research studies might offer him a new path. Convict criminology combines personal experience of imprisonment with conventional ‘book learning’ about prison. Irwin tells of his struggle to combine the two and contribute to the emerging work of British Convict Criminology.Less
A long prison sentence leads Michael Irwin to a revelation that his experiences of studying criminology with The Open University and discovering classic prison research studies might offer him a new path. Convict criminology combines personal experience of imprisonment with conventional ‘book learning’ about prison. Irwin tells of his struggle to combine the two and contribute to the emerging work of British Convict Criminology.
Julia Simon
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- August 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190666552
- eISBN:
- 9780190666583
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190666552.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, Philosophy of Music, Popular
Time in the Blues presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the specific forms of temporality produced by and reflected in the blues. Often described as immediate, spontaneous, and intense, the blues ...
More
Time in the Blues presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the specific forms of temporality produced by and reflected in the blues. Often described as immediate, spontaneous, and intense, the blues focus on the present moment, creating an experience of time for both performer and listener that is inflected by the material conditions that gave rise to the genre. Examining time as it is represented, enacted, and experienced through the blues engages questions concerning how material conditions in the early twentieth century shaped a musical genre. The formal characteristics of the blues—ostinato patterns, cyclical changes, improvisation, call and response—emerge from and speak to economic, social, and political relations under Jim Crow segregation. A close examination of the structuring of time under sharecropping, convict lease, and migration reveals their significance to aesthetic constraints in the blues. Likewise, contexts and frames of reception, such as traveling shows, advertisements for 78 rpm records, and a sense of tradition structure the experience of time for an audience of listeners. Blues music provides a rich and complex articulation of a dynamic form of resonant temporality that speaks against the dominant culture through its insistence on the present moment. Ultimately, Time in the Blues, argues for the relevance, significance, and importance of time in the blues for shared values of community and a vision of social justice.Less
Time in the Blues presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the specific forms of temporality produced by and reflected in the blues. Often described as immediate, spontaneous, and intense, the blues focus on the present moment, creating an experience of time for both performer and listener that is inflected by the material conditions that gave rise to the genre. Examining time as it is represented, enacted, and experienced through the blues engages questions concerning how material conditions in the early twentieth century shaped a musical genre. The formal characteristics of the blues—ostinato patterns, cyclical changes, improvisation, call and response—emerge from and speak to economic, social, and political relations under Jim Crow segregation. A close examination of the structuring of time under sharecropping, convict lease, and migration reveals their significance to aesthetic constraints in the blues. Likewise, contexts and frames of reception, such as traveling shows, advertisements for 78 rpm records, and a sense of tradition structure the experience of time for an audience of listeners. Blues music provides a rich and complex articulation of a dynamic form of resonant temporality that speaks against the dominant culture through its insistence on the present moment. Ultimately, Time in the Blues, argues for the relevance, significance, and importance of time in the blues for shared values of community and a vision of social justice.
James Edward Ford III
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780823286904
- eISBN:
- 9780823288939
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823286904.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
Notebook 2 reframes Ida B Wells as a thinker of the multitude. In her unfinished autobiography Crusade for Justice, Wells sets aside her image as the maverick opposing lynching singlehandedly. Her ...
More
Notebook 2 reframes Ida B Wells as a thinker of the multitude. In her unfinished autobiography Crusade for Justice, Wells sets aside her image as the maverick opposing lynching singlehandedly. Her autobiography grounds her intellectual and activist legacy in galvanizing collective opposition to racism, sexual violence, and class exploitation, with lynching serving as the microcosm of these horrors across the South and a newly imperial United States. This chapter reinterprets Wells’s canonical pamphlets from the 1890s and 1900s through her autobiography’s viewpoint. This notebook also challenges today’s common-sense view that racism is the by-product of “one bad apple” who can be converted to a less racist view by their victims. Lynching involves a collective reinforcing its superiority through informal and formal institutional channels. Only another collective force can counter it. Wells does not find that agency in “the people”—those who are already recognized as having rights—but in the multitude, that complicated mass at once empowering and destabilizing the State. Finally, this chapter challenges leftist romanticizations of the multitude by showing how it can express itself in mass acts of disinformation and terror and the collective pursuit of truth and justice, when guilt and fear are overcome.Less
Notebook 2 reframes Ida B Wells as a thinker of the multitude. In her unfinished autobiography Crusade for Justice, Wells sets aside her image as the maverick opposing lynching singlehandedly. Her autobiography grounds her intellectual and activist legacy in galvanizing collective opposition to racism, sexual violence, and class exploitation, with lynching serving as the microcosm of these horrors across the South and a newly imperial United States. This chapter reinterprets Wells’s canonical pamphlets from the 1890s and 1900s through her autobiography’s viewpoint. This notebook also challenges today’s common-sense view that racism is the by-product of “one bad apple” who can be converted to a less racist view by their victims. Lynching involves a collective reinforcing its superiority through informal and formal institutional channels. Only another collective force can counter it. Wells does not find that agency in “the people”—those who are already recognized as having rights—but in the multitude, that complicated mass at once empowering and destabilizing the State. Finally, this chapter challenges leftist romanticizations of the multitude by showing how it can express itself in mass acts of disinformation and terror and the collective pursuit of truth and justice, when guilt and fear are overcome.
Julian V. Roberts
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199283897
- eISBN:
- 9780191700262
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199283897.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
Despite very diverse approaches towards punishing crime, all Western jurisdictions punish repeat offenders more harshly (a practice known as the recidivist sentencing premium). For many repeat ...
More
Despite very diverse approaches towards punishing crime, all Western jurisdictions punish repeat offenders more harshly (a practice known as the recidivist sentencing premium). For many repeat offenders, their previous convictions have more impact on the penalty they receive than the seriousness of their current crime. Why do we punish recidivists more harshly? Some sentencing theorists argue that offenders should be punished only for the crimes they commit — not for the crimes committed and paid for in the past. From this perspective, punishing repeat offenders more severely amounts to double punishment. Having been punished once for an offence, the recidivist will pay for the crime again every time he re-offends. Is this fair? This volume explores the nature and consequences of the recidivist sentencing premium on both the theoretical and empirical levels. It begins by exploring the justifications for treating repeat offenders more harshly, and then provides examples of the practice from a number of jurisdictions including England and Wales, Canada, and the United States. Particular attention is paid to the views of two important groups: convicted offenders and the general public. If offenders believe that the recidivist sentencing premium is unjustified, they are less likely to accept the legitimacy of the justice system. As for members of the public, it is important to know whether this key element of the sentencing process is consistent with community views.Less
Despite very diverse approaches towards punishing crime, all Western jurisdictions punish repeat offenders more harshly (a practice known as the recidivist sentencing premium). For many repeat offenders, their previous convictions have more impact on the penalty they receive than the seriousness of their current crime. Why do we punish recidivists more harshly? Some sentencing theorists argue that offenders should be punished only for the crimes they commit — not for the crimes committed and paid for in the past. From this perspective, punishing repeat offenders more severely amounts to double punishment. Having been punished once for an offence, the recidivist will pay for the crime again every time he re-offends. Is this fair? This volume explores the nature and consequences of the recidivist sentencing premium on both the theoretical and empirical levels. It begins by exploring the justifications for treating repeat offenders more harshly, and then provides examples of the practice from a number of jurisdictions including England and Wales, Canada, and the United States. Particular attention is paid to the views of two important groups: convicted offenders and the general public. If offenders believe that the recidivist sentencing premium is unjustified, they are less likely to accept the legitimacy of the justice system. As for members of the public, it is important to know whether this key element of the sentencing process is consistent with community views.
Kathleen M. Heide
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780195176667
- eISBN:
- 9780199979028
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195176667.003.0011
- Subject:
- Social Work, Crime and Justice
This chapter discusses the case of James Holt, a 16-year-old White Hispanic boy who was sentenced to lifein prison for shooting his parents multiple times while they were asleep. About 14 years after ...
More
This chapter discusses the case of James Holt, a 16-year-old White Hispanic boy who was sentenced to lifein prison for shooting his parents multiple times while they were asleep. About 14 years after first meeting James, the author received a call from a defense attorney asking her to evaluate his client, a man in his early 30s who had killed an inmate in prison while he was serving a life sentence in prison. As the attorney gave a brief sketch of the case, she realized that the inmate being discussed was James. The chapter describes the author's assessment of James based on an eight-hour clinical interview conducted with him and a review of more than 1,000 pages of materials relevant to James's childhood, the murder of his parents, the murder of the inmate, and his experiences in prison.Less
This chapter discusses the case of James Holt, a 16-year-old White Hispanic boy who was sentenced to lifein prison for shooting his parents multiple times while they were asleep. About 14 years after first meeting James, the author received a call from a defense attorney asking her to evaluate his client, a man in his early 30s who had killed an inmate in prison while he was serving a life sentence in prison. As the attorney gave a brief sketch of the case, she realized that the inmate being discussed was James. The chapter describes the author's assessment of James based on an eight-hour clinical interview conducted with him and a review of more than 1,000 pages of materials relevant to James's childhood, the murder of his parents, the murder of the inmate, and his experiences in prison.
Kathleen M. Heide
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780195176667
- eISBN:
- 9780199979028
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195176667.003.0015
- Subject:
- Social Work, Crime and Justice
This chapter provides long-term follow-up on eleven adolescent parricide offenders (APOs) the years after they killed one or more parents were evaluated. The chapter considers their experiences in ...
More
This chapter provides long-term follow-up on eleven adolescent parricide offenders (APOs) the years after they killed one or more parents were evaluated. The chapter considers their experiences in prison and their adjustment to society following their release. Three main three conclusions are drawn based on the eleven cases. First, prison is not the best environment for APOs. Many of these youths indicated that they were exposed to criminal influences previously unknown to them. They had to figure out a way to survive in a violent, predatory world. Second, the APOs were rarely provided with treatment, even when it was explicitly ordered. Third, aftercare for APOs is critically important. Parricide offenders, perhaps more than other offenders, need help returning to the community. Issues that need to be addressed include the following: whether they should return to their home community; what they will tell others about their conviction offense; what relationship they should have with their family; what behavioral changes they need to make in order to reduce their vulnerability to re-offending; what structural supports they need in order to increase their chances of succeeding; and how they can get effective treatment.Less
This chapter provides long-term follow-up on eleven adolescent parricide offenders (APOs) the years after they killed one or more parents were evaluated. The chapter considers their experiences in prison and their adjustment to society following their release. Three main three conclusions are drawn based on the eleven cases. First, prison is not the best environment for APOs. Many of these youths indicated that they were exposed to criminal influences previously unknown to them. They had to figure out a way to survive in a violent, predatory world. Second, the APOs were rarely provided with treatment, even when it was explicitly ordered. Third, aftercare for APOs is critically important. Parricide offenders, perhaps more than other offenders, need help returning to the community. Issues that need to be addressed include the following: whether they should return to their home community; what they will tell others about their conviction offense; what relationship they should have with their family; what behavioral changes they need to make in order to reduce their vulnerability to re-offending; what structural supports they need in order to increase their chances of succeeding; and how they can get effective treatment.
