Morton D. Paley
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198186854
- eISBN:
- 9780191674570
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198186854.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
The poems that Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote after his golden period are seldom studied or anthologised. Yet among the poems written after his most famous works are of quality and interest, ...
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The poems that Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote after his golden period are seldom studied or anthologised. Yet among the poems written after his most famous works are of quality and interest, addressing such universal themes as the nature of the self and the experience of unfulfilled love. This book examines the later verse in the context of Coleridge's oeuvre, discusses what characterises it, and looks at why the poet felt he had to develop distinctively different modes of writing for these works. ‘To William Wordsworth’ is presented as a transitional poem, exhibiting the vatic quality of earlier poems even while declaring that this quality must be abandoned. The book then explores the poetry of the abyss (which the book terms The Limbo Constellation), and this is followed by poems on the theme of the self and of love. The last chapter examines the role of epitaphs in the later works, culminating in a study of the epitaph Coleridge wrote for himself.Less
The poems that Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote after his golden period are seldom studied or anthologised. Yet among the poems written after his most famous works are of quality and interest, addressing such universal themes as the nature of the self and the experience of unfulfilled love. This book examines the later verse in the context of Coleridge's oeuvre, discusses what characterises it, and looks at why the poet felt he had to develop distinctively different modes of writing for these works. ‘To William Wordsworth’ is presented as a transitional poem, exhibiting the vatic quality of earlier poems even while declaring that this quality must be abandoned. The book then explores the poetry of the abyss (which the book terms The Limbo Constellation), and this is followed by poems on the theme of the self and of love. The last chapter examines the role of epitaphs in the later works, culminating in a study of the epitaph Coleridge wrote for himself.
Karl Ameriks
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199205349
- eISBN:
- 9780191709272
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199205349.003.0014
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter discusses methodological issues concerning the most extensive research on this era, the massive ‘Jena Project’ directed by Dieter Henrich (who, along with Hans-Georg Gadamer, was one of ...
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This chapter discusses methodological issues concerning the most extensive research on this era, the massive ‘Jena Project’ directed by Dieter Henrich (who, along with Hans-Georg Gadamer, was one of Manfred Frank's teachers). After decades of very productive traditional scholarship on Kant and Hegel, Henrich turned to devoting most of his energy to guiding a detailed exploration of the various ‘constellations’ out of which the best-known German philosophies developed. The methodology of the Jena Project reflects three central features of the study of constellations in general: it emphasized groups, rather than isolated individuals, it worked to identify stars of enduring significance, and it aimed to discern patterns that are at first hidden.Less
This chapter discusses methodological issues concerning the most extensive research on this era, the massive ‘Jena Project’ directed by Dieter Henrich (who, along with Hans-Georg Gadamer, was one of Manfred Frank's teachers). After decades of very productive traditional scholarship on Kant and Hegel, Henrich turned to devoting most of his energy to guiding a detailed exploration of the various ‘constellations’ out of which the best-known German philosophies developed. The methodology of the Jena Project reflects three central features of the study of constellations in general: it emphasized groups, rather than isolated individuals, it worked to identify stars of enduring significance, and it aimed to discern patterns that are at first hidden.
Elaine Lynn-Ee Ho
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781503606661
- eISBN:
- 9781503607460
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9781503606661.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
Analyzing emigration, immigration, and re-migration concurrently, under the framework of contemporaneous migration, directs us toward evaluating what it means to stake claims to different components ...
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Analyzing emigration, immigration, and re-migration concurrently, under the framework of contemporaneous migration, directs us toward evaluating what it means to stake claims to different components of citizenship in more than one political community across a migrant’s life course. This chapter examines the way the Mainland Chinese migrants negotiate social reproduction concerns that extend across international borders, their multiple national affiliations, and aspirations for recognition and rights as they journey between China and Canada across the life course. Patterns of re-migration are transforming the social relations of citizenship, re-spatializing rights, obligations, and belonging. Source and destination countries are also reversed during repeated re-migration or transnational sojourning. Transnational sojourning forges citizenship constellations that interlink how migrants understand and experience citizenship across different migration sites.Less
Analyzing emigration, immigration, and re-migration concurrently, under the framework of contemporaneous migration, directs us toward evaluating what it means to stake claims to different components of citizenship in more than one political community across a migrant’s life course. This chapter examines the way the Mainland Chinese migrants negotiate social reproduction concerns that extend across international borders, their multiple national affiliations, and aspirations for recognition and rights as they journey between China and Canada across the life course. Patterns of re-migration are transforming the social relations of citizenship, re-spatializing rights, obligations, and belonging. Source and destination countries are also reversed during repeated re-migration or transnational sojourning. Transnational sojourning forges citizenship constellations that interlink how migrants understand and experience citizenship across different migration sites.
Elaine Lynn-Ee Ho
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781503606661
- eISBN:
- 9781503607460
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9781503606661.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This chapter shows how the analytical framework of contemporaneous migration allows an examination of citizenship constellations that are forged across migration sites. It draws together key themes ...
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This chapter shows how the analytical framework of contemporaneous migration allows an examination of citizenship constellations that are forged across migration sites. It draws together key themes that emerge from this approach, namely on citizenship and territory, fraternity and alterity, and the co-constitution of time and space. The chapter further signals the new research directions that contemporaneous migration brings to overseas Chinese studies or research on the “Chinese diaspora,” and to the Chinese worldview of tianxia in relation to notions of cosmopolitanism. It also sets out the methods through which contemporaneous migration can be studied.Less
This chapter shows how the analytical framework of contemporaneous migration allows an examination of citizenship constellations that are forged across migration sites. It draws together key themes that emerge from this approach, namely on citizenship and territory, fraternity and alterity, and the co-constitution of time and space. The chapter further signals the new research directions that contemporaneous migration brings to overseas Chinese studies or research on the “Chinese diaspora,” and to the Chinese worldview of tianxia in relation to notions of cosmopolitanism. It also sets out the methods through which contemporaneous migration can be studied.
Jacques Khalip and Forest Pyle (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780823271030
- eISBN:
- 9780823271085
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823271030.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
This collection of essays takes its title and its point of departure from Walter Benjamin’s concept of the historical constellation, a concept which puts both historical terms—“contemporary” as well ...
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This collection of essays takes its title and its point of departure from Walter Benjamin’s concept of the historical constellation, a concept which puts both historical terms—“contemporary” as well as “Romanticism”—in play as period designations and critical paradigms. While the methodological orientations and the objects of analysis are genuinely diverse, each of the essays collected here makes good on a central tenet of Benjamin’s conception of history: These are critics who “grasp the constellation” into which our “own era has formed with a definite earlier one,” in this case the era of Romanticism. The contemporaneity of Romanticism explored or addressed by the essays in this collection is not predicated on Romanticism’s unacknowledged historical or conceptual persistence. Rather, the constellations addressed in these essays regard Romanticism as a decisive and unexpired thought experiment that makes demands on and poses questions for our own “now” time: What is the unlived of the contemporary Romanticism? What has Romanticism’s singular untimeliness bequeathed to futurity? What is Romanticism’s contemporary “redemption value” for painting and politics, philosophy and film?Less
This collection of essays takes its title and its point of departure from Walter Benjamin’s concept of the historical constellation, a concept which puts both historical terms—“contemporary” as well as “Romanticism”—in play as period designations and critical paradigms. While the methodological orientations and the objects of analysis are genuinely diverse, each of the essays collected here makes good on a central tenet of Benjamin’s conception of history: These are critics who “grasp the constellation” into which our “own era has formed with a definite earlier one,” in this case the era of Romanticism. The contemporaneity of Romanticism explored or addressed by the essays in this collection is not predicated on Romanticism’s unacknowledged historical or conceptual persistence. Rather, the constellations addressed in these essays regard Romanticism as a decisive and unexpired thought experiment that makes demands on and poses questions for our own “now” time: What is the unlived of the contemporary Romanticism? What has Romanticism’s singular untimeliness bequeathed to futurity? What is Romanticism’s contemporary “redemption value” for painting and politics, philosophy and film?
William Ickes
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195372953
- eISBN:
- 9780199893317
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195372953.003.0005
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter examines how people's birth order (older, younger) in relation to their opposite-sex sibling affects their initial interactions as young adults with members of the opposite sex (that is, ...
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This chapter examines how people's birth order (older, younger) in relation to their opposite-sex sibling affects their initial interactions as young adults with members of the opposite sex (that is, in mixed-sex dyads). Contrary to Walter Toman's family constellation theory, the best mixed-sex interactions are not those in which we interact with opposite-sex strangers who allow us to “replicate” the kind of relationship we previously had with our opposite-sex sibling. Instead, consistent with hypotheses proposed by Orville Brim, the best mixed-sex interactions involve participants who grew up with older, opposite-sex siblings (that is, men with older sisters and women with younger brothers).Less
This chapter examines how people's birth order (older, younger) in relation to their opposite-sex sibling affects their initial interactions as young adults with members of the opposite sex (that is, in mixed-sex dyads). Contrary to Walter Toman's family constellation theory, the best mixed-sex interactions are not those in which we interact with opposite-sex strangers who allow us to “replicate” the kind of relationship we previously had with our opposite-sex sibling. Instead, consistent with hypotheses proposed by Orville Brim, the best mixed-sex interactions involve participants who grew up with older, opposite-sex siblings (that is, men with older sisters and women with younger brothers).
KATHARINA VOLK
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199245505
- eISBN:
- 9780191714986
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199245505.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter opens with a survey of the few known ancient theoretical approaches to didactic poetry, including Aristotle's verdict that poetry like that of the philosopher Empedocles was not ...
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This chapter opens with a survey of the few known ancient theoretical approaches to didactic poetry, including Aristotle's verdict that poetry like that of the philosopher Empedocles was not ‘mimetic’ and the view, found in the grammarian Diomedes, that the genre belongs to a type of poetry in which ‘the poet himself speaks’ (i.e. not characters). It then moves on to a new definition which identifies the following four criteria for the genre: poetic intent, teacher-student constellation, poetic self-consciousness, and poetic simultaneity. After tracing the development of didactic poetry from its founder Hesiod to Lucretius, the chapter concludes by considering whether Romans of the 1st century BC had an awareness of a genre ‘didactic poetry’, tentatively answering the question in the affirmative.Less
This chapter opens with a survey of the few known ancient theoretical approaches to didactic poetry, including Aristotle's verdict that poetry like that of the philosopher Empedocles was not ‘mimetic’ and the view, found in the grammarian Diomedes, that the genre belongs to a type of poetry in which ‘the poet himself speaks’ (i.e. not characters). It then moves on to a new definition which identifies the following four criteria for the genre: poetic intent, teacher-student constellation, poetic self-consciousness, and poetic simultaneity. After tracing the development of didactic poetry from its founder Hesiod to Lucretius, the chapter concludes by considering whether Romans of the 1st century BC had an awareness of a genre ‘didactic poetry’, tentatively answering the question in the affirmative.
Helen E. Ross and Cornelis Plug
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198508625
- eISBN:
- 9780191584893
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198508625.003.0002
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
The simplest explanation of the horizon enlargement of the celestial bodies would be that it is real: in other words, the moon, sun, and constellations are measurably larger when rising or setting ...
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The simplest explanation of the horizon enlargement of the celestial bodies would be that it is real: in other words, the moon, sun, and constellations are measurably larger when rising or setting than at other times. The moon and sun are of course considered to be relatively unchanging physical objects; therefore the argument would have to be that their angular size is somehow enlarged while their linear size remains the same. Such an enlargement could be due to the celestial body being closer to the observer when rising or setting, and thus subtending a larger angle. This chapter describes the variations in the distances of the celestial bodies and discusses whether these could partly explain the perceived horizon enlargement or its variability. First, a few physical terms that are used in the measurement of the celestial bodies are considered including angular size, altitude, apparent size, real angular size, angle of elevation, and zenith.Less
The simplest explanation of the horizon enlargement of the celestial bodies would be that it is real: in other words, the moon, sun, and constellations are measurably larger when rising or setting than at other times. The moon and sun are of course considered to be relatively unchanging physical objects; therefore the argument would have to be that their angular size is somehow enlarged while their linear size remains the same. Such an enlargement could be due to the celestial body being closer to the observer when rising or setting, and thus subtending a larger angle. This chapter describes the variations in the distances of the celestial bodies and discusses whether these could partly explain the perceived horizon enlargement or its variability. First, a few physical terms that are used in the measurement of the celestial bodies are considered including angular size, altitude, apparent size, real angular size, angle of elevation, and zenith.
Daniel Levine
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199916061
- eISBN:
- 9780199980246
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199916061.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This book bridges two key divides in International Relations. The first is between ‘value-free’ and normative theory. The second is between reflective, philosophically inflected explorations of ...
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This book bridges two key divides in International Relations. The first is between ‘value-free’ and normative theory. The second is between reflective, philosophically inflected explorations of ethics in IR and empirical studies of practical problems in world politics. Featuring a novel, provocative and detailed survey of IR’s development over the second half of the twentieth century, the work draws on early Frankfurt School social theory to suggest a new ethical and methodological foundation for international theory—sustainable critique—which draws these disparate approaches together in light of their common aims, and redacts them in the face of their particular limitations. Understanding the discipline as a vocation as well as a series of academic and methodological practices, sustainable critique views normative and empirical theory both in terms of the knowledge they disclose, and in terms of their respective tendencies to reify. Each, it is argued, must be therefore be sustained in the same intellectual moment: if IR is to meaningfully and responsibly address an increasingly dense, heavily armed, and persistently diverse world.Less
This book bridges two key divides in International Relations. The first is between ‘value-free’ and normative theory. The second is between reflective, philosophically inflected explorations of ethics in IR and empirical studies of practical problems in world politics. Featuring a novel, provocative and detailed survey of IR’s development over the second half of the twentieth century, the work draws on early Frankfurt School social theory to suggest a new ethical and methodological foundation for international theory—sustainable critique—which draws these disparate approaches together in light of their common aims, and redacts them in the face of their particular limitations. Understanding the discipline as a vocation as well as a series of academic and methodological practices, sustainable critique views normative and empirical theory both in terms of the knowledge they disclose, and in terms of their respective tendencies to reify. Each, it is argued, must be therefore be sustained in the same intellectual moment: if IR is to meaningfully and responsibly address an increasingly dense, heavily armed, and persistently diverse world.
Daniel J. Levine
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199916061
- eISBN:
- 9780199980246
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199916061.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
How does sustainable critique differ from other appropriations of Frankfurt school social theory—the focus of “third” and “fourth” debate—into IR? The answer lies in differentiating the work of ...
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How does sustainable critique differ from other appropriations of Frankfurt school social theory—the focus of “third” and “fourth” debate—into IR? The answer lies in differentiating the work of contemporary Frankfurt school theorists, in particular Jürgen Habermas and Axel Honneth, from that of their predecessors: Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, and Herbert Marcuse. I argue that IR has been too quick to dismiss these earlier scholars. Building on Max Weber’s notion of a constellation and Graham Allison’s classic Essence of Decision, I suggest a basis for their re-consideration.Less
How does sustainable critique differ from other appropriations of Frankfurt school social theory—the focus of “third” and “fourth” debate—into IR? The answer lies in differentiating the work of contemporary Frankfurt school theorists, in particular Jürgen Habermas and Axel Honneth, from that of their predecessors: Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, and Herbert Marcuse. I argue that IR has been too quick to dismiss these earlier scholars. Building on Max Weber’s notion of a constellation and Graham Allison’s classic Essence of Decision, I suggest a basis for their re-consideration.
Daniel J. Levine
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199916061
- eISBN:
- 9780199980246
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199916061.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
The conclusion undertakes two key tasks. Surveying the case studies of the previous three chapters, it argues that reification can be understood as a coherent phenomenon, affecting the course of ...
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The conclusion undertakes two key tasks. Surveying the case studies of the previous three chapters, it argues that reification can be understood as a coherent phenomenon, affecting the course of international theory across the decades. It then develops a series of concrete methodological research practices to check or critique it: operationalizing the notion of sustainable critique developed in the introduction. To that end, it uses the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as an example, showing how a sustainably critical research project would be undertaken in that context, and considering how such a project might contribute to both elite and popular policy discourses.Less
The conclusion undertakes two key tasks. Surveying the case studies of the previous three chapters, it argues that reification can be understood as a coherent phenomenon, affecting the course of international theory across the decades. It then develops a series of concrete methodological research practices to check or critique it: operationalizing the notion of sustainable critique developed in the introduction. To that end, it uses the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as an example, showing how a sustainably critical research project would be undertaken in that context, and considering how such a project might contribute to both elite and popular policy discourses.
Ian Stewart Glass
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199668403
- eISBN:
- 9780191749315
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199668403.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This is a comprehensive biography of a great observational astronomer, Nicolas-Louis de La Caille (1713–62). Though educated for the priesthood, La Caille refused to be ordained and turned instead to ...
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This is a comprehensive biography of a great observational astronomer, Nicolas-Louis de La Caille (1713–62). Though educated for the priesthood, La Caille refused to be ordained and turned instead to astronomy. Early on he was made Professor of Mathematics at the Collège Mazarin, where he propagated Newtonian ideas. He also built an observatory from which he conducted his lifelong programme of improving the positions of the bright stars and determining the orbits of the Moon and planets. At the Cape of Good Hope (1751–53) he made the first systematic telescopic sky survey and mapped the southern heavens. He defined and named many of the constellations. Making measurements simultaneously with colleagues in Europe, he determined the distances of the Sun, the Moon and the planets Venus and Mars. The information he gathered was critical to the development of the theory of planetary perturbations. He measured the radius of the earth and came to the conclusion that it is pear-shaped. He also made extensive notes on the Cape environment as well as on the colonists and slaves. In some ways rather fierce, La Caille had a serious demeanour and abhorred frivolity and dishonesty. Nevertheless, he had a small number of close friends with whom he could relax and unbend. His colleagues and former pupils loved and respected him in spite of his forbidding manner.Less
This is a comprehensive biography of a great observational astronomer, Nicolas-Louis de La Caille (1713–62). Though educated for the priesthood, La Caille refused to be ordained and turned instead to astronomy. Early on he was made Professor of Mathematics at the Collège Mazarin, where he propagated Newtonian ideas. He also built an observatory from which he conducted his lifelong programme of improving the positions of the bright stars and determining the orbits of the Moon and planets. At the Cape of Good Hope (1751–53) he made the first systematic telescopic sky survey and mapped the southern heavens. He defined and named many of the constellations. Making measurements simultaneously with colleagues in Europe, he determined the distances of the Sun, the Moon and the planets Venus and Mars. The information he gathered was critical to the development of the theory of planetary perturbations. He measured the radius of the earth and came to the conclusion that it is pear-shaped. He also made extensive notes on the Cape environment as well as on the colonists and slaves. In some ways rather fierce, La Caille had a serious demeanour and abhorred frivolity and dishonesty. Nevertheless, he had a small number of close friends with whom he could relax and unbend. His colleagues and former pupils loved and respected him in spite of his forbidding manner.
Elly Dekker
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199609697
- eISBN:
- 9780191745645
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199609697.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
The introduction in antiquity of the moving sphere as a model for understanding the celestial phenomena provided the momentum for making celestial globes and mapping the stars. The globe is the most ...
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The introduction in antiquity of the moving sphere as a model for understanding the celestial phenomena provided the momentum for making celestial globes and mapping the stars. The globe is the most deceptive of all early scientific instruments. Invented by the Greeks as a scientific instrument imitating the phenomena such as the rising of the setting of the stars and precession, it became soon used in antiquity in education to circumvent the complicated mathematics of the sphere, and by artists for decorative purposes symbolising the world at large. The globe was also the starting-point for the construction of maps in antiquity. Although no antique celestial maps have survived medieval copies of them are included in illustrated astronomical books such as the Latin translation of Aratus's Phaenomena describing how the constellations are located with respect to each other. The cultural impact of globes is echoed in the oldest known ceiling painting of the celestial sky in the bath house of Quṣayr cAmra built in the first half of the eighth century. The complete absence of celestial maps other than the retes of astrolabes in the Islamic tradition is a puzzle that needs further study. The construction of globes varied greatly as it passed from Greece to the Arabic and Medieval European cultures. The constellation design of Islamic globes stands out from later western globes made in the early fifteenth century by the way constellations are drawn on a sphere. The first celestial maps in the mathematical tradition also emerged in the early fifteenth century foreshadowing the modern period in celestial cartography in the Western World.Less
The introduction in antiquity of the moving sphere as a model for understanding the celestial phenomena provided the momentum for making celestial globes and mapping the stars. The globe is the most deceptive of all early scientific instruments. Invented by the Greeks as a scientific instrument imitating the phenomena such as the rising of the setting of the stars and precession, it became soon used in antiquity in education to circumvent the complicated mathematics of the sphere, and by artists for decorative purposes symbolising the world at large. The globe was also the starting-point for the construction of maps in antiquity. Although no antique celestial maps have survived medieval copies of them are included in illustrated astronomical books such as the Latin translation of Aratus's Phaenomena describing how the constellations are located with respect to each other. The cultural impact of globes is echoed in the oldest known ceiling painting of the celestial sky in the bath house of Quṣayr cAmra built in the first half of the eighth century. The complete absence of celestial maps other than the retes of astrolabes in the Islamic tradition is a puzzle that needs further study. The construction of globes varied greatly as it passed from Greece to the Arabic and Medieval European cultures. The constellation design of Islamic globes stands out from later western globes made in the early fifteenth century by the way constellations are drawn on a sphere. The first celestial maps in the mathematical tradition also emerged in the early fifteenth century foreshadowing the modern period in celestial cartography in the Western World.
Willy Thayer
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780823286744
- eISBN:
- 9780823288878
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823286744.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter defines the etymological constellation of the word kríno,, in which each critique and crisis takes place in particular sites of production on the basis of technologies and modes of ...
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This chapter defines the etymological constellation of the word kríno,, in which each critique and crisis takes place in particular sites of production on the basis of technologies and modes of existence. It outlines derivatives and idiomatic that always refer to meanings of specific, practical usage according to languages, dates, and cartographies. The Greek word kríno is the action of separating, picking, excluding, sieving, examining, opening, distinguishing, and differentiating a simultaneously analytical-contemplative and manual task. The chapter also discusses the medical use of krisis, which links together two levels of significance. One level is performative, in which the critical day of the illness or of the patient resonates. The other level is speculative which describes the moment of observation or medical diagnosis.Less
This chapter defines the etymological constellation of the word kríno,, in which each critique and crisis takes place in particular sites of production on the basis of technologies and modes of existence. It outlines derivatives and idiomatic that always refer to meanings of specific, practical usage according to languages, dates, and cartographies. The Greek word kríno is the action of separating, picking, excluding, sieving, examining, opening, distinguishing, and differentiating a simultaneously analytical-contemplative and manual task. The chapter also discusses the medical use of krisis, which links together two levels of significance. One level is performative, in which the critical day of the illness or of the patient resonates. The other level is speculative which describes the moment of observation or medical diagnosis.
Willy Thayer
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780823286744
- eISBN:
- 9780823288878
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823286744.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter highlights the question concerning the sovereignty of the principles of the understanding in the Cartesian text that initiates the hyperbolic turbulence of sovereignty that could create ...
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This chapter highlights the question concerning the sovereignty of the principles of the understanding in the Cartesian text that initiates the hyperbolic turbulence of sovereignty that could create the principles and conditions of the understanding as the limits of a non-sovereign imagination subject to another sovereignty. It talks about turbulence that refers to the theological question of God as a poetic genius or miracle that without principles or rule gives or takes the rule. Hyperbolic turbulence appears in the constellation of tensions that the text itself sets out in the relation between finite understanding, infinite will, and imagination. The chapter also discusses the constellation of tensions that counterbalance each other in the suspension of judgment. The hyperbolic question concerning the sovereignty of the understanding installs the suspension of judgment in the text as a state of exception within the regime of production of the understanding.Less
This chapter highlights the question concerning the sovereignty of the principles of the understanding in the Cartesian text that initiates the hyperbolic turbulence of sovereignty that could create the principles and conditions of the understanding as the limits of a non-sovereign imagination subject to another sovereignty. It talks about turbulence that refers to the theological question of God as a poetic genius or miracle that without principles or rule gives or takes the rule. Hyperbolic turbulence appears in the constellation of tensions that the text itself sets out in the relation between finite understanding, infinite will, and imagination. The chapter also discusses the constellation of tensions that counterbalance each other in the suspension of judgment. The hyperbolic question concerning the sovereignty of the understanding installs the suspension of judgment in the text as a state of exception within the regime of production of the understanding.
Miguel Ángel Molinero Polo
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9789774166181
- eISBN:
- 9781617975448
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774166181.003.0012
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
The discovery of the ceiling of Karakhamun's main burial chamber is significant owing to the small number of known astronomical features in ancient Egypt. This chapter describes and depicts this ...
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The discovery of the ceiling of Karakhamun's main burial chamber is significant owing to the small number of known astronomical features in ancient Egypt. This chapter describes and depicts this exceptional ceiling, which includes the most complete list of decans, deities, and constellations. It also considers the process of painting it, and how this affected its composition and imagery.Less
The discovery of the ceiling of Karakhamun's main burial chamber is significant owing to the small number of known astronomical features in ancient Egypt. This chapter describes and depicts this exceptional ceiling, which includes the most complete list of decans, deities, and constellations. It also considers the process of painting it, and how this affected its composition and imagery.
Bárbara Figueiredo
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780199676859
- eISBN:
- 9780191918346
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199676859.003.0017
- Subject:
- Clinical Medicine and Allied Health, Psychiatry
A mother’s specific emotional and hormonal state after childbirth ensures her emotional involvement and adequate parental behaviour. Soon after delivery, ...
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A mother’s specific emotional and hormonal state after childbirth ensures her emotional involvement and adequate parental behaviour. Soon after delivery, or even in late pregnancy, the mother’s emotional state—in particular, an increased sensitivity—becomes fully adapted to the identification and satisfaction of the infant’s physical and psychological needs. Winnicott (1956, 1960) was perhaps one of the first authors to point out the presence of a particular emotional state in recently delivered mothers—‘primary maternal preoccupation’, referring to the mother’s correct identification and immediate satisfaction of the infant’s physical and psychological needs. Winnicott (1990) later defined and described four main tasks to be fulfilled in the maternal role, including the emotional involvement with the child, which he termed ‘holding’. Holding tasks are: (1) to provide protection and care to the child, (2) to take into account the child’s limitations and dependency status, (3) to provide the necessary care for the child’s growth and development, and (4) to love the child. In the meantime, Yalom et al. (1968) and Pitt (1973) both described the ‘postpartum/maternity blues—a transient state of emotional dysphoria, emerging within a few hours to 2 weeks after childbirth, in about 50 to 70% of puerperal women, and characterized by intermittent mild fatigue, tearfulness, worry, difficulty in thinking, and sleep disturbances. Progesterone and oestrogen levels, which gradually increase during pregnancy, fall suddenly after delivery, returning to prepregnancy levels in just 3 days. This rapid decline, the most severe threat to a women’s hormonal and emotional balance, has been proposed as the main cause of postpartum/maternity blues (e.g. Pitt 1973; Yalomand et al. 1968). The mother’s behavioural sensitivity to such a drop in reproductive hormones was later associated with higher reactivity to the infant’s stimuli and greater proximity with the neonate (e.g. Barrett and Fleming 2011; Carter 2005; Fleming et al. 1997; Miller and Rukstalis 1999), and was proposed as serving the function of eliciting mother-to-infant involvement, to ensure that the infant receives the required care to survive (e.g. Carter 2005; Figueiredo 2003; Pedersen 1997). The evolutionary point of view had its clearest proponent in John Bowlby (1969/1982, 1980) who proposed the presence of a behavioural system (that is, an organized set of behaviours) in parents—the ‘caregiving system’, to guarantee the proximity and protection of the child.
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A mother’s specific emotional and hormonal state after childbirth ensures her emotional involvement and adequate parental behaviour. Soon after delivery, or even in late pregnancy, the mother’s emotional state—in particular, an increased sensitivity—becomes fully adapted to the identification and satisfaction of the infant’s physical and psychological needs. Winnicott (1956, 1960) was perhaps one of the first authors to point out the presence of a particular emotional state in recently delivered mothers—‘primary maternal preoccupation’, referring to the mother’s correct identification and immediate satisfaction of the infant’s physical and psychological needs. Winnicott (1990) later defined and described four main tasks to be fulfilled in the maternal role, including the emotional involvement with the child, which he termed ‘holding’. Holding tasks are: (1) to provide protection and care to the child, (2) to take into account the child’s limitations and dependency status, (3) to provide the necessary care for the child’s growth and development, and (4) to love the child. In the meantime, Yalom et al. (1968) and Pitt (1973) both described the ‘postpartum/maternity blues—a transient state of emotional dysphoria, emerging within a few hours to 2 weeks after childbirth, in about 50 to 70% of puerperal women, and characterized by intermittent mild fatigue, tearfulness, worry, difficulty in thinking, and sleep disturbances. Progesterone and oestrogen levels, which gradually increase during pregnancy, fall suddenly after delivery, returning to prepregnancy levels in just 3 days. This rapid decline, the most severe threat to a women’s hormonal and emotional balance, has been proposed as the main cause of postpartum/maternity blues (e.g. Pitt 1973; Yalomand et al. 1968). The mother’s behavioural sensitivity to such a drop in reproductive hormones was later associated with higher reactivity to the infant’s stimuli and greater proximity with the neonate (e.g. Barrett and Fleming 2011; Carter 2005; Fleming et al. 1997; Miller and Rukstalis 1999), and was proposed as serving the function of eliciting mother-to-infant involvement, to ensure that the infant receives the required care to survive (e.g. Carter 2005; Figueiredo 2003; Pedersen 1997). The evolutionary point of view had its clearest proponent in John Bowlby (1969/1982, 1980) who proposed the presence of a behavioural system (that is, an organized set of behaviours) in parents—the ‘caregiving system’, to guarantee the proximity and protection of the child.
Jo Eric Khushal Murkens
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199671885
- eISBN:
- 9780191751196
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199671885.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Legal History
German Staatsrecht scholars are preoccupied with two questions regarding Germany’s legal relationship with the European Union. The first issue is whether the ‘process of creating an ever closer union ...
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German Staatsrecht scholars are preoccupied with two questions regarding Germany’s legal relationship with the European Union. The first issue is whether the ‘process of creating an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe’ (Article 1(2) TEU) is limitless. The second issue is whether there are any constitutional limits or obstacles that would prevent Germany from participating in the European Union if it became a state. In relation to the European Union, Verfassungsrecht has opened up to, and embraced the European, perhaps even international, dimension of law. A new school of thought has emerged that is here referred to as Ius Publicum Europaeum. Instead of referring to state-based concepts, it uses ostensibly ‘neutral’ concepts that shed the old ideology (Staat, Rechtsstaat, Nation, Staatsvolk) in favour of a new European/cosmopolitan one.Less
German Staatsrecht scholars are preoccupied with two questions regarding Germany’s legal relationship with the European Union. The first issue is whether the ‘process of creating an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe’ (Article 1(2) TEU) is limitless. The second issue is whether there are any constitutional limits or obstacles that would prevent Germany from participating in the European Union if it became a state. In relation to the European Union, Verfassungsrecht has opened up to, and embraced the European, perhaps even international, dimension of law. A new school of thought has emerged that is here referred to as Ius Publicum Europaeum. Instead of referring to state-based concepts, it uses ostensibly ‘neutral’ concepts that shed the old ideology (Staat, Rechtsstaat, Nation, Staatsvolk) in favour of a new European/cosmopolitan one.
I.S. Glass
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199668403
- eISBN:
- 9780191749315
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199668403.003.0003
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
La Caille's voyaged to the Cape via Rio de Janeiro with the hydrogapher D'Après de Mannevillette. On arrival he met Governor Tulbagh who befriended him. He lodged with Jan Lourens Bestbier, a German ...
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La Caille's voyaged to the Cape via Rio de Janeiro with the hydrogapher D'Après de Mannevillette. On arrival he met Governor Tulbagh who befriended him. He lodged with Jan Lourens Bestbier, a German immigrant who could speak French. Tulbagh offered the resources of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) to build a small observatory next to Table Bay. This was equipped with several state-of-the-art instruments. He made a telescopic survey of the sky, listing about 10,000 stars, and found it necessary to define a number of new constellations. He also catalogued nebulous objects, considerably increasing the number known. He determined an accurate position for the Cape and studied atmospheric refraction. Other projects included finding the distances of the Moon, Venus and Mars. He further worked towards deriving better orbits of the earth (via the Sun), Mars, Venus and the Moon.Less
La Caille's voyaged to the Cape via Rio de Janeiro with the hydrogapher D'Après de Mannevillette. On arrival he met Governor Tulbagh who befriended him. He lodged with Jan Lourens Bestbier, a German immigrant who could speak French. Tulbagh offered the resources of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) to build a small observatory next to Table Bay. This was equipped with several state-of-the-art instruments. He made a telescopic survey of the sky, listing about 10,000 stars, and found it necessary to define a number of new constellations. He also catalogued nebulous objects, considerably increasing the number known. He determined an accurate position for the Cape and studied atmospheric refraction. Other projects included finding the distances of the Moon, Venus and Mars. He further worked towards deriving better orbits of the earth (via the Sun), Mars, Venus and the Moon.
Steve Zeitlin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781501702358
- eISBN:
- 9781501706370
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702358.003.0014
- Subject:
- Literature, Folk Literature
The author reflects here on the poetry of science and the ways scientists use homespun metaphors to make the mysteries of the universe as comfortable to lay audiences as a well-worn coat. The author ...
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The author reflects here on the poetry of science and the ways scientists use homespun metaphors to make the mysteries of the universe as comfortable to lay audiences as a well-worn coat. The author marvels at the enormity of what was accomplished by men such as Thales, Democritus, Euclid, Archimedes, Galileo, Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein, as well as the many scientists who collectively devised quantum theory. He says human beings used to look up into the sky and imagine stories about the gods written in the constellations; science and storytelling were one and the same. In modern times, storytelling and science appear to be different realms entirely. Nonetheless, scientists still turn to storytelling in order to explain the mysteries of the universe. Beyond their discoveries, scientists share an evolving body of stories—a kind of folklore of science—that conveys their ideas in lay terms.Less
The author reflects here on the poetry of science and the ways scientists use homespun metaphors to make the mysteries of the universe as comfortable to lay audiences as a well-worn coat. The author marvels at the enormity of what was accomplished by men such as Thales, Democritus, Euclid, Archimedes, Galileo, Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein, as well as the many scientists who collectively devised quantum theory. He says human beings used to look up into the sky and imagine stories about the gods written in the constellations; science and storytelling were one and the same. In modern times, storytelling and science appear to be different realms entirely. Nonetheless, scientists still turn to storytelling in order to explain the mysteries of the universe. Beyond their discoveries, scientists share an evolving body of stories—a kind of folklore of science—that conveys their ideas in lay terms.
