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The “Waning” of Reformed Monasticism

Steven Vanderputten

in Monastic Reform as Process: Realities and Representations in Medieval Flanders, 900-1100

This chapter discusses the challenges facing the reformed communities in the latter decades of the eleventh century. Partly as a result of its own success, and partly because of shifting patronage, ... More

This chapter discusses the challenges facing the reformed communities in the latter decades of the eleventh century. Partly as a result of its own success, and partly because of shifting patronage, increased competition with other religious institutions, “old-style” reformist government struggled to sustain itself. By the late eleventh century, however, abbots, especially those inspired by the Gregorian reform movement, were actively pursuing policies of restoration that have been largely overlooked by scholars focusing on the Cluniac reforms of the early twelfth century. On that note, the successes of the “forgotten reformers” of the later eleventh century actually paved the way for the ambitious projects of the next generation.Less

Setting the scene

Denise Tanner

in Managing the ageing experience: Learning from older people

This chapter focuses on the relevant policy context and the research methods and processes employed in the study. Specifically, it centers on social care policy by providing an outline of community ... More

This chapter focuses on the relevant policy context and the research methods and processes employed in the study. Specifically, it centers on social care policy by providing an outline of community care reforms and their impact on social work and social care services for older people including recent policy developments and initiatives. The discussion proceeds with a presentation of the research processes and methods used to elicit the needs and perspectives of the older people introduced in the previous chapter. Utilising a qualitative methodology to uncover subjective meanings, the aim is to explore the meanings and consequences for the participants of help not being provided and to examine their experiences and perceptions regarding alternative strategies used to manage difficulties.Less

Diverse Ways of Making a Difference

in Between Movement and Establishment: Organizations Advocating for Youth

This chapter looks across the three organizations of the Coleman Advocates for Children and Youth, the San Francisco Organizing Project, and the Oakland Community Organizations to understand how ... More

This chapter looks across the three organizations of the Coleman Advocates for Children and Youth, the San Francisco Organizing Project, and the Oakland Community Organizations to understand how their ideas about community reform and their chosen strategies define the work that they do and its impact on their communities. It highlights the differences between process- and outcome-oriented advocacy and traces how these different orientations influence organizations' goals, strategies, and community impact. The chapter focuses on how organizational and contextual factors shape advocates' efforts, necessarily centering the analysis on the specific features of our three focal organizations and their environment.Less

Quietness of conscience and contentment of heart

Jane Dawson

in John Knox

This chapter discusses how the revolutionary tracts penned by Knox and Goodman drove their congregation to utilize to the full their time in exile. The great missionary endeavour of Calvin and his ... More

This chapter discusses how the revolutionary tracts penned by Knox and Goodman drove their congregation to utilize to the full their time in exile. The great missionary endeavour of Calvin and his fellow Frenchmen to sustain the Protestant cause in France helped the English-speaking exiles to find their own purpose. The congregation saw their mission as preparing for the future in the British Isles and witnessing the present. They became a working model of a Reformed community embodied in Word, sacraments, and discipline resting upon a strong spiritual core. In a remarkable undertaking, they produced a community of texts—the Geneva Bible, the metrical psalter and their new liturgy. The “example of Geneva” which they created with the help of their zealous congregation became the model for everything Knox subsequently did.Less

Education behind Bars?: The Promise of the Maya Angelou Academy

James Forman

in Choosing the Future for American Juvenile Justice

This chapter provides three reasons for the failure to put education at the center of juvenile justice reform. First, much juvenile justice reform has been driven by lawyers. Second, juvenile justice ... More

This chapter provides three reasons for the failure to put education at the center of juvenile justice reform. First, much juvenile justice reform has been driven by lawyers. Second, juvenile justice reformers have been focused on reducing the number of young people who are incarcerated. In this effort, the reform community has considered the juvenile facilities as inherently toxic and largely beyond reform. Lastly, many who work in the juvenile justice field have come to accept a reduced set of expectations for young people in the juvenile system. Given these conditions, the chapter reiterates that preventing rearrest should not become the reform community's only goal for young people in the system.Less

Book Reviews

Joseph Perl

in Polin: Studies in Polish Jewry Volume 13: Focusing on the Holocaust and its Aftermath

This chapter looks at ten book reviews. The first three reviews discuss books on the first Hebrew novel, the Kraków reformed Jewish community, and the politics of Polish Jewry. The next three reviews ... More

This chapter looks at ten book reviews. The first three reviews discuss books on the first Hebrew novel, the Kraków reformed Jewish community, and the politics of Polish Jewry. The next three reviews consider books on the role of the left-wing movements in the Jewish tradition; the Hebrew poetry in Poland between the two world wars; and the impact of the Endecja's thought on the broader political spectrum, with respect to the question of ethnic minorities. The seventh review examines Natan Gross's The History of Jewish Cinema in Poland, which talks about the Jewish involvement in Polish cinema during the 1920s and 1930s. The last three reviews explore books on Salo Wittmayer Baron, an architect of Jewish history; the changing attitudes of Polish society towards the Holocaust; and the work of Isaac Bashevis Singer, contemporary Poles' current views on Jews, and Polish Jewish survivors' perspectives on Poland and on Singer's writing.Less

Scottish Masters in Huguenot Academies

Marie-Claude Tucker

in History of Universities: Volume XXIX / 2

This chapter discusses the role that Scottish philosophers played in France’s ten Huguenot academies. Modelled on the Geneva Academy, the academies' main purpose was the formation of pastors for the ... More

This chapter discusses the role that Scottish philosophers played in France’s ten Huguenot academies. Modelled on the Geneva Academy, the academies' main purpose was the formation of pastors for the French Reformed orthodox communities. Geneva trusted the Scots on doctrinal matters and also on biblical exegesis and the languages of the bible, so the Scots were invited to the Huguenot academies as teachers in all the disciplines. The Scots were a perfect solution to the problem of scarcity of pedagogical manpower that the Huguenots had faced from the start. Thus, the chapter describes the skills of the various Scottish teachers and their trajectories in France and Scotland in great detail, at the same time as illustrating an intense period in the shared high culture of Scotland, Huguenot France, and Reformed orthodox Geneva.Less