Melvin Delgado and Lee Staples
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195182767
- eISBN:
- 9780199865192
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182767.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations, Children and Families
This chapter discusses the growth of youth-led organizing since the mid-1990s. Topics covered include historical overviews of community organization and youth-led community organizing, hip-hop ...
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This chapter discusses the growth of youth-led organizing since the mid-1990s. Topics covered include historical overviews of community organization and youth-led community organizing, hip-hop activism, the scope and range of the organizational settings in which youth-led organizing is carried out, and models of youth-led community organizing.Less
This chapter discusses the growth of youth-led organizing since the mid-1990s. Topics covered include historical overviews of community organization and youth-led community organizing, hip-hop activism, the scope and range of the organizational settings in which youth-led organizing is carried out, and models of youth-led community organizing.
ANNA CODY AND BARBARA SCHATZ
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195381146
- eISBN:
- 9780199869305
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195381146.003.0011
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter describes two different community law clinics and their approaches to clinical legal education, one in the United States and one in Australia. Though only two models of many, they ...
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This chapter describes two different community law clinics and their approaches to clinical legal education, one in the United States and one in Australia. Though only two models of many, they illustrate both the common features of community law clinics around the world and some of the choices and trade-offs they confront in their efforts to help disadvantaged communities. Common features include taking a holistic, interdisciplinary approach to the problems of communities and community organizations, emphasizing the client role in setting the agenda and solving problems, using community legal education to build client capacity, engaging in law reform to address systemic issues, and encouraging critical thinking about the ways law can be used to further social justice. A major challenge is the tension between solving concrete, immediate problems and addressing broader concerns and systemic inequalities.Less
This chapter describes two different community law clinics and their approaches to clinical legal education, one in the United States and one in Australia. Though only two models of many, they illustrate both the common features of community law clinics around the world and some of the choices and trade-offs they confront in their efforts to help disadvantaged communities. Common features include taking a holistic, interdisciplinary approach to the problems of communities and community organizations, emphasizing the client role in setting the agenda and solving problems, using community legal education to build client capacity, engaging in law reform to address systemic issues, and encouraging critical thinking about the ways law can be used to further social justice. A major challenge is the tension between solving concrete, immediate problems and addressing broader concerns and systemic inequalities.
Robin Lin Miller, Shannon K. E. Kobes, and Jason C. Forney
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195327892
- eISBN:
- 9780199301478
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195327892.003.0010
- Subject:
- Psychology, Clinical Child Psychology / School Psychology
Community-based organizations (CBOs) are a principal means by which members of American society seek to improve human wellbeing and advocate on behalf of those whose needs are not well met by other ...
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Community-based organizations (CBOs) are a principal means by which members of American society seek to improve human wellbeing and advocate on behalf of those whose needs are not well met by other types of institutions. This chapter develops a framework for understanding CBO capacity and for guiding efforts to develop it. It focuses specifically on small CBOs, those with limited personnel and non-personnel resources. It describes a range of approaches, including education, technical assistance, coaching, and reorganization, as well as suggesting ways in which the success of these approaches may be evaluated.Less
Community-based organizations (CBOs) are a principal means by which members of American society seek to improve human wellbeing and advocate on behalf of those whose needs are not well met by other types of institutions. This chapter develops a framework for understanding CBO capacity and for guiding efforts to develop it. It focuses specifically on small CBOs, those with limited personnel and non-personnel resources. It describes a range of approaches, including education, technical assistance, coaching, and reorganization, as well as suggesting ways in which the success of these approaches may be evaluated.
David Griffiths
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861346346
- eISBN:
- 9781447303152
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861346346.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This book is distinctive in combining theoretical discussion on the role of networks, resources, and social capital with fieldwork evidence and interviews with members of Refugee Community ...
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This book is distinctive in combining theoretical discussion on the role of networks, resources, and social capital with fieldwork evidence and interviews with members of Refugee Community Organisations (RCOs), non-governmental organisations, and statutory authorities. It critically examines the impact of dispersal and current legislative change on refugee communities and RCOs, explores the integrative role of RCOs, assesses the race-relations framework in Britain and its effects on refugee organisations, and provides a thorough and up-to-date literature review.Less
This book is distinctive in combining theoretical discussion on the role of networks, resources, and social capital with fieldwork evidence and interviews with members of Refugee Community Organisations (RCOs), non-governmental organisations, and statutory authorities. It critically examines the impact of dispersal and current legislative change on refugee communities and RCOs, explores the integrative role of RCOs, assesses the race-relations framework in Britain and its effects on refugee organisations, and provides a thorough and up-to-date literature review.
Lori A. Flores
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780300196962
- eISBN:
- 9780300216387
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300196962.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter focuses on a local Community Service Organization (CSO) in the Salinas Valley and how it operated in the agriculture-centered environment of the region in the years 1953–1963. It first ...
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This chapter focuses on a local Community Service Organization (CSO) in the Salinas Valley and how it operated in the agriculture-centered environment of the region in the years 1953–1963. It first provides an overview of the beginnings of the CSO chapter in Monterey County, founded by Fred Ross as a platform for Mexican Americans to prove their good citizenship while asserting their right to equal treatment. It then considers the CSO's membership, goals, and trajectory as well as its impact on California's Mexican-origin population and members' attitudes toward braceros and the Bracero Program. It also highlights the CSO's successes and failures, with particular emphasis on its inability to create interracial alliances, involve the larger Mexican-origin community in specific protests, maintain stable leadership, and risk its cultivated image of respectability.Less
This chapter focuses on a local Community Service Organization (CSO) in the Salinas Valley and how it operated in the agriculture-centered environment of the region in the years 1953–1963. It first provides an overview of the beginnings of the CSO chapter in Monterey County, founded by Fred Ross as a platform for Mexican Americans to prove their good citizenship while asserting their right to equal treatment. It then considers the CSO's membership, goals, and trajectory as well as its impact on California's Mexican-origin population and members' attitudes toward braceros and the Bracero Program. It also highlights the CSO's successes and failures, with particular emphasis on its inability to create interracial alliances, involve the larger Mexican-origin community in specific protests, maintain stable leadership, and risk its cultivated image of respectability.
Eva Elliott, Sue Cohen, and David Frayne
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447348016
- eISBN:
- 9781447348061
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447348016.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
This chapter considers the role of community anchor organisations in the ‘flagship’ regeneration programme of the National Assembly for Wales, ‘Communities First’, launched in 2001 and later ...
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This chapter considers the role of community anchor organisations in the ‘flagship’ regeneration programme of the National Assembly for Wales, ‘Communities First’, launched in 2001 and later terminated in March 2018. It unpicks the story of the programme's evolution and demise from the perspectives of community development advisors and community development practitioners, the latter based in two community organisations in South Wales: South Riverside Community Development Centre (SRCDC) in Cardiff and 3Gs Community Development Trust in Merthyr Tydfil. Both organisations were involved in the Productive Margins programme and in the design and analysis of this research. Both pre-existed the Communities First programme and were charged with its delivery to local people. The chapter thus looks at the regulatory context in which these organisations found themselves and how they negotiated the demands of the state-funded programme, on the one hand, and their accountabilities to the communities that they believed they represented, on the other. A key question remains as to whether the involvement of community organisations in state-funded programmes can facilitate regulation for engagement for social change or whether their power to improve the well-being of the communities they represent might better be served in providing alternative modes of living.Less
This chapter considers the role of community anchor organisations in the ‘flagship’ regeneration programme of the National Assembly for Wales, ‘Communities First’, launched in 2001 and later terminated in March 2018. It unpicks the story of the programme's evolution and demise from the perspectives of community development advisors and community development practitioners, the latter based in two community organisations in South Wales: South Riverside Community Development Centre (SRCDC) in Cardiff and 3Gs Community Development Trust in Merthyr Tydfil. Both organisations were involved in the Productive Margins programme and in the design and analysis of this research. Both pre-existed the Communities First programme and were charged with its delivery to local people. The chapter thus looks at the regulatory context in which these organisations found themselves and how they negotiated the demands of the state-funded programme, on the one hand, and their accountabilities to the communities that they believed they represented, on the other. A key question remains as to whether the involvement of community organisations in state-funded programmes can facilitate regulation for engagement for social change or whether their power to improve the well-being of the communities they represent might better be served in providing alternative modes of living.
Susan Goodwin and Ruth Phillips
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447310273
- eISBN:
- 9781447310297
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447310273.003.0016
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
Non-government community sector organisations (CSOs) have come to assume an increasingly important role in Australian social policy. CSOs have expanded their role as service providers, and many have ...
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Non-government community sector organisations (CSOs) have come to assume an increasingly important role in Australian social policy. CSOs have expanded their role as service providers, and many have also increased their policy capacity in recent deacades. Policy staff have been recruited into CSOs, complementing the traditional focus on services and advocacy. The concept of ‘policy analytical capacity’, referring to the capacity within organisations to acquire and utilise knowledge in policy processes, helps to highlight changes in the sector. The chapter also explores how Australian social policy processes might be affected by policy analysis and policy research becoming more strongly positioned in the community sector.Less
Non-government community sector organisations (CSOs) have come to assume an increasingly important role in Australian social policy. CSOs have expanded their role as service providers, and many have also increased their policy capacity in recent deacades. Policy staff have been recruited into CSOs, complementing the traditional focus on services and advocacy. The concept of ‘policy analytical capacity’, referring to the capacity within organisations to acquire and utilise knowledge in policy processes, helps to highlight changes in the sector. The chapter also explores how Australian social policy processes might be affected by policy analysis and policy research becoming more strongly positioned in the community sector.
David Finkelhor
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195342857
- eISBN:
- 9780199863631
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195342857.003.0009
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Crime and Justice
This chapter makes an argument for two proposals. One would reform the child protection system to create a more professionalized and respected corps, while at the same time devolving some ...
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This chapter makes an argument for two proposals. One would reform the child protection system to create a more professionalized and respected corps, while at the same time devolving some responsibilities to community agencies and professionals. The other proposal is for more broad-spectrum and integrated prevention efforts in schools and community organizations.Less
This chapter makes an argument for two proposals. One would reform the child protection system to create a more professionalized and respected corps, while at the same time devolving some responsibilities to community agencies and professionals. The other proposal is for more broad-spectrum and integrated prevention efforts in schools and community organizations.
Andrea Wenzel
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780252043307
- eISBN:
- 9780252052187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252043307.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
Chapter One introduces an example of how communication infrastructure theory can be used to diagnose the communication health of communities and to design an intervention in response. It also ...
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Chapter One introduces an example of how communication infrastructure theory can be used to diagnose the communication health of communities and to design an intervention in response. It also explores the role of place in influencing relationships between actors in local storytelling networks—in this case focusing on majority Black and Latinx communities in South Los Angeles that have historically been stigmatized by negative news representations. The chapter outlines a research-based intervention that sought to strengthen weak connections between local news outlets and community organizations by bringing representatives together to produce a series of solutions journalism stories about South LA. These stories were then discussed with South LA residents in a series of focus groups. While residents responded favorably to the solutions-orientation of stories, they wanted to see local media take steps to address power imbalances and to involve communities more in the process of making journalism.Less
Chapter One introduces an example of how communication infrastructure theory can be used to diagnose the communication health of communities and to design an intervention in response. It also explores the role of place in influencing relationships between actors in local storytelling networks—in this case focusing on majority Black and Latinx communities in South Los Angeles that have historically been stigmatized by negative news representations. The chapter outlines a research-based intervention that sought to strengthen weak connections between local news outlets and community organizations by bringing representatives together to produce a series of solutions journalism stories about South LA. These stories were then discussed with South LA residents in a series of focus groups. While residents responded favorably to the solutions-orientation of stories, they wanted to see local media take steps to address power imbalances and to involve communities more in the process of making journalism.
David Griffiths, Nando Sigona, and Roger Zetter
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861346346
- eISBN:
- 9781447303152
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861346346.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This chapter presents an outline of the methodological underpinnings of the fieldwork, and is focused on the position of RCOs in London. It examines the effects of dispersal on RCOs in the regions ...
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This chapter presents an outline of the methodological underpinnings of the fieldwork, and is focused on the position of RCOs in London. It examines the effects of dispersal on RCOs in the regions and raises a range of more-general theoretical issues. The chapter also reveals that the London settlement experience predates and provides a background to the dispersal process.Less
This chapter presents an outline of the methodological underpinnings of the fieldwork, and is focused on the position of RCOs in London. It examines the effects of dispersal on RCOs in the regions and raises a range of more-general theoretical issues. The chapter also reveals that the London settlement experience predates and provides a background to the dispersal process.
Mike Douglass, Orathai Ard-Am, and Ik Ki Kim
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520230248
- eISBN:
- 9780520935976
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520230248.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter contrasts the strategies used to improve environmental conditions in two low-income communities in two different urban contexts: the Wolgoksa-dong squatter community in Seoul, Korea, and ...
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This chapter contrasts the strategies used to improve environmental conditions in two low-income communities in two different urban contexts: the Wolgoksa-dong squatter community in Seoul, Korea, and the Wat Chonglom slum community in Bangkok, Thailand. In each case, the analysis moves from the level of the household and gender relations, through the level of community organization and leadership, to the linkages and conflicts that each community has to translocal organizations and the state. The comparisons suggest that the Wat Chonglom community was much better positioned than Wolgoksa-dong — and the vast majority of other slum communities in Bangkok — to expand its social capital and use it in the pursuit of livability. Both communities have shown, over the past decades, an admirable vitality and resilience in the face of highly adverse political and economic forces.Less
This chapter contrasts the strategies used to improve environmental conditions in two low-income communities in two different urban contexts: the Wolgoksa-dong squatter community in Seoul, Korea, and the Wat Chonglom slum community in Bangkok, Thailand. In each case, the analysis moves from the level of the household and gender relations, through the level of community organization and leadership, to the linkages and conflicts that each community has to translocal organizations and the state. The comparisons suggest that the Wat Chonglom community was much better positioned than Wolgoksa-dong — and the vast majority of other slum communities in Bangkok — to expand its social capital and use it in the pursuit of livability. Both communities have shown, over the past decades, an admirable vitality and resilience in the face of highly adverse political and economic forces.
Miriam Y. Vega and Lina Cherfas
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199764303
- eISBN:
- 9780199950232
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199764303.003.0017
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
This chapter reviews the HIV prevention landscape in regard to Latinas, rooted in both the experience of community-based organizations (CBOs), as implementers of interventions, and Latino-specific ...
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This chapter reviews the HIV prevention landscape in regard to Latinas, rooted in both the experience of community-based organizations (CBOs), as implementers of interventions, and Latino-specific cultural scripts and values, providing concrete examples of HIV prevention programs currently being delivered. The chapter deconstructs four HIV prevention interventions, recently implemented by CBOs in different parts of the United States, into surface and deep level cultural considerations. Engaging with the structural and environmental contexts of HIV risk, the interventions addressed barriers to participation, took women out of their often-constrained social roles, promoted local activism, and engaged participants in conversations about migration and transnational identity as Latinas. The chapter ends by addressing future opportunities as well as structural barriers by looking at microbicides and PReP, interventions with the potential to place protection control in the hands of women.Less
This chapter reviews the HIV prevention landscape in regard to Latinas, rooted in both the experience of community-based organizations (CBOs), as implementers of interventions, and Latino-specific cultural scripts and values, providing concrete examples of HIV prevention programs currently being delivered. The chapter deconstructs four HIV prevention interventions, recently implemented by CBOs in different parts of the United States, into surface and deep level cultural considerations. Engaging with the structural and environmental contexts of HIV risk, the interventions addressed barriers to participation, took women out of their often-constrained social roles, promoted local activism, and engaged participants in conversations about migration and transnational identity as Latinas. The chapter ends by addressing future opportunities as well as structural barriers by looking at microbicides and PReP, interventions with the potential to place protection control in the hands of women.
Anita Everett and Su Yeon Lee
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195390445
- eISBN:
- 9780199950416
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390445.003.0014
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
Community behavioral health organizations (CBHOs) are the foundation of mental health service delivery in the United States for the more than 45 million adults aged eighteen or older with a mental ...
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Community behavioral health organizations (CBHOs) are the foundation of mental health service delivery in the United States for the more than 45 million adults aged eighteen or older with a mental disorder. This chapter discusses the vital role CBHOs play in providing both therapeutic and rehabilitative services to some of the nation's most vulnerable citizens. It outlines the origins of CBHOs within the publicly funded health care system in the United States, provides examples of available programs and services, and delineates the range of challenges faced by contemporary CBHOs as they strive to meet the needs of people with serious mental illnesses.Less
Community behavioral health organizations (CBHOs) are the foundation of mental health service delivery in the United States for the more than 45 million adults aged eighteen or older with a mental disorder. This chapter discusses the vital role CBHOs play in providing both therapeutic and rehabilitative services to some of the nation's most vulnerable citizens. It outlines the origins of CBHOs within the publicly funded health care system in the United States, provides examples of available programs and services, and delineates the range of challenges faced by contemporary CBHOs as they strive to meet the needs of people with serious mental illnesses.
Ida Susser
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195367317
- eISBN:
- 9780199951192
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195367317.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility, Urban and Rural Studies
This book presents an examination of a scenario that appears likely to be played out again and again as federal budget policies result in reduced services for urban areas across the United States. ...
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This book presents an examination of a scenario that appears likely to be played out again and again as federal budget policies result in reduced services for urban areas across the United States. Based on a three-year study conducted in Brooklyn's Greenpoint/Williamsburg section, the book is a detailed description of life in a multi-ethnic working class neighborhood during New York City's fiscal crisis of 1975–78. Updated with a new introduction to address the changes and events of the thirty years since the book's original publication, its lessons continue to demonstrate the impact of political and economic changes on everyday lives. Relating local events to national policy, this book deals directly with issues and problems that face industrial cities nationwide: ethnic and race relations are analyzed within the context of community organization and local politics; the impact of landlord/tenant relations, housing discrimination, and red-lining are examined; and the effects on the urban poor of gentrification are documented. Since neighborhood issues are often of primary concern to women, much of the book concerns the role of women as community organizers and their integration of this role with domestic responsibilities.Less
This book presents an examination of a scenario that appears likely to be played out again and again as federal budget policies result in reduced services for urban areas across the United States. Based on a three-year study conducted in Brooklyn's Greenpoint/Williamsburg section, the book is a detailed description of life in a multi-ethnic working class neighborhood during New York City's fiscal crisis of 1975–78. Updated with a new introduction to address the changes and events of the thirty years since the book's original publication, its lessons continue to demonstrate the impact of political and economic changes on everyday lives. Relating local events to national policy, this book deals directly with issues and problems that face industrial cities nationwide: ethnic and race relations are analyzed within the context of community organization and local politics; the impact of landlord/tenant relations, housing discrimination, and red-lining are examined; and the effects on the urban poor of gentrification are documented. Since neighborhood issues are often of primary concern to women, much of the book concerns the role of women as community organizers and their integration of this role with domestic responsibilities.
Nicole P. Marwell
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226509068
- eISBN:
- 9780226509082
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226509082.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter tells the story of what grew in the void left behind when the growth machine abandoned Williamsburg, Brooklyn—a neighborhood whose pre-World War II working-class, immigrant residents ...
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This chapter tells the story of what grew in the void left behind when the growth machine abandoned Williamsburg, Brooklyn—a neighborhood whose pre-World War II working-class, immigrant residents decamped for the suburbs during the 1950s—and what happened to its new, poorer denizens when the growth machine returned in the 1990s. It is a story that revolves around the activities of several community-based organizations devoted to seeking, creating, and protecting housing for poor local residents. It is also a story about how these organizations' ability to secure their constituents places to live has been facilitated and constrained by the particular manifestations of larger economic and political forces operating in the city.Less
This chapter tells the story of what grew in the void left behind when the growth machine abandoned Williamsburg, Brooklyn—a neighborhood whose pre-World War II working-class, immigrant residents decamped for the suburbs during the 1950s—and what happened to its new, poorer denizens when the growth machine returned in the 1990s. It is a story that revolves around the activities of several community-based organizations devoted to seeking, creating, and protecting housing for poor local residents. It is also a story about how these organizations' ability to secure their constituents places to live has been facilitated and constrained by the particular manifestations of larger economic and political forces operating in the city.
Douglas A. Feldman
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813034317
- eISBN:
- 9780813039312
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813034317.003.0015
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Social Groups
By the late 1980s and early 1990s, in the United States, most sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM) involved in relationships outside their regular partner were routinely practicing safer ...
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By the late 1980s and early 1990s, in the United States, most sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM) involved in relationships outside their regular partner were routinely practicing safer sex most of the time. Gay men had learned to use condoms correctly, had reduced their number of partners, and were engaging in less risky sexual practices. Many had participated in HIV risk reduction workshops targeting the gay community. Others were serving as “buddies” to assist gay men with AIDS through their local AIDS community-based organizations. Today, things have changed. “Barebacking” (anal sex without condoms) has increasingly become acceptable behavior. In 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reevaluated their data and concluded that the number of new cases of HIV infection per year was not 40,000 as estimated, but rather was closer to 56,300, and it had been at that level for several years. Applied medical anthropologists are in a unique position to understand the dynamics of HIV risk among MSM throughout the world and to contribute to the amelioration of this health crisis.Less
By the late 1980s and early 1990s, in the United States, most sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM) involved in relationships outside their regular partner were routinely practicing safer sex most of the time. Gay men had learned to use condoms correctly, had reduced their number of partners, and were engaging in less risky sexual practices. Many had participated in HIV risk reduction workshops targeting the gay community. Others were serving as “buddies” to assist gay men with AIDS through their local AIDS community-based organizations. Today, things have changed. “Barebacking” (anal sex without condoms) has increasingly become acceptable behavior. In 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reevaluated their data and concluded that the number of new cases of HIV infection per year was not 40,000 as estimated, but rather was closer to 56,300, and it had been at that level for several years. Applied medical anthropologists are in a unique position to understand the dynamics of HIV risk among MSM throughout the world and to contribute to the amelioration of this health crisis.
RA Roberts, A Hickey, and Z Rosner
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199237401
- eISBN:
- 9780191723957
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199237401.003.0048
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
The involvement of civil society organizations and community-based organizations in the global response to the HIV epidemic is unparalleled in public health history. The successful impact of such ...
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The involvement of civil society organizations and community-based organizations in the global response to the HIV epidemic is unparalleled in public health history. The successful impact of such mobilization is nowhere more evident than in South Africa, where these organizations have had tremendous success in shaping the response to HIV in one of the world's highest burdened countries. Using the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) and the AIDS Budget Unit (ABU) at the Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) as case studies, this chapter briefly looks at the government's relationship with civil society organizations, the cooperation amongst these organizations and how these various parties interact to directly influence policies and combat the effects of HIV on the country.Less
The involvement of civil society organizations and community-based organizations in the global response to the HIV epidemic is unparalleled in public health history. The successful impact of such mobilization is nowhere more evident than in South Africa, where these organizations have had tremendous success in shaping the response to HIV in one of the world's highest burdened countries. Using the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) and the AIDS Budget Unit (ABU) at the Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) as case studies, this chapter briefly looks at the government's relationship with civil society organizations, the cooperation amongst these organizations and how these various parties interact to directly influence policies and combat the effects of HIV on the country.
Richard Pugh and Brain Cheers
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861347213
- eISBN:
- 9781447303305
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861347213.003.0007
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
This chapter looks at similarities among community-oriented practice, community social work, community work, and community intervention. It examines the ways in which rural social work can contribute ...
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This chapter looks at similarities among community-oriented practice, community social work, community work, and community intervention. It examines the ways in which rural social work can contribute to action at the community level aimed at assisting, sustaining, developing, and, sometimes, helping to rebuild communities. Although different writers use different terminology for describing their ideas on community social work, and have developed varied models to describe the processes of planning and development, there is considerable overlap between much of their work. The chapter distinguishes three broad strategies for community intervention: social planning and community planning, community-services development, and community development, which also includes community organisation. Finally, it discusses personal skills, capacities, and characteristics necessary for effective casework.Less
This chapter looks at similarities among community-oriented practice, community social work, community work, and community intervention. It examines the ways in which rural social work can contribute to action at the community level aimed at assisting, sustaining, developing, and, sometimes, helping to rebuild communities. Although different writers use different terminology for describing their ideas on community social work, and have developed varied models to describe the processes of planning and development, there is considerable overlap between much of their work. The chapter distinguishes three broad strategies for community intervention: social planning and community planning, community-services development, and community development, which also includes community organisation. Finally, it discusses personal skills, capacities, and characteristics necessary for effective casework.
Nicole P. Marwell
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226509068
- eISBN:
- 9780226509082
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226509082.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter first sets out the book's purpose, which is to open up a wider lens on the social processes underlying poverty, opportunity, and inequality in an attempt to understand how elements of ...
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This chapter first sets out the book's purpose, which is to open up a wider lens on the social processes underlying poverty, opportunity, and inequality in an attempt to understand how elements of social structure that extend beyond interpersonal relationships contribute to poverty and its related social problems. Specifically, it examines how formal organizations working toward a variety of economic and political ends make decisions that collectively produce the conditions that poor people face in everyday life, and under whose constraints the poor make daily choices. The chapter then discusses the structure of poverty, the challenge of social integration and social order in the city, an organizational perspective on social integration, the rise of community-based organizations in the city, and community-based organizations in Brooklyn.Less
This chapter first sets out the book's purpose, which is to open up a wider lens on the social processes underlying poverty, opportunity, and inequality in an attempt to understand how elements of social structure that extend beyond interpersonal relationships contribute to poverty and its related social problems. Specifically, it examines how formal organizations working toward a variety of economic and political ends make decisions that collectively produce the conditions that poor people face in everyday life, and under whose constraints the poor make daily choices. The chapter then discusses the structure of poverty, the challenge of social integration and social order in the city, an organizational perspective on social integration, the rise of community-based organizations in the city, and community-based organizations in Brooklyn.
Adam Bonner
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781447356233
- eISBN:
- 9781447356271
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447356233.003.0016
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
This chapter presents two non-statutory approaches aimed at engaging young people in the community. The Youth United Foundation (YUF) supports the development of well-established community-based ...
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This chapter presents two non-statutory approaches aimed at engaging young people in the community. The Youth United Foundation (YUF) supports the development of well-established community-based organisations including the Scouts, Guides, and Boys' Brigade, joined recently by the creation of new uniformed youth organisations, including Fire and Police Cadets, to help significantly increase opportunities for young people from the most disadvantaged communities. Building on the place-based policies of the London Borough of Sutton, Sutton Community Dance (SCD) is an example of reimagining the local high street and prioritising shared places as an important context for building intergenerational bridges. Such a model of reimagination and creative agility will be critical in helping already challenged town centres to develop new possibilities for reform post the COVID-19 pandemic. This all-age inclusive development makes a significant contribution to the social determinants of health in this South London borough, through improvements in health and wellbeing and the promotion of self-actualisation.Less
This chapter presents two non-statutory approaches aimed at engaging young people in the community. The Youth United Foundation (YUF) supports the development of well-established community-based organisations including the Scouts, Guides, and Boys' Brigade, joined recently by the creation of new uniformed youth organisations, including Fire and Police Cadets, to help significantly increase opportunities for young people from the most disadvantaged communities. Building on the place-based policies of the London Borough of Sutton, Sutton Community Dance (SCD) is an example of reimagining the local high street and prioritising shared places as an important context for building intergenerational bridges. Such a model of reimagination and creative agility will be critical in helping already challenged town centres to develop new possibilities for reform post the COVID-19 pandemic. This all-age inclusive development makes a significant contribution to the social determinants of health in this South London borough, through improvements in health and wellbeing and the promotion of self-actualisation.
