Roland Vogt (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9789888083879
- eISBN:
- 9789882209077
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888083879.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
One of the new issues in EU-China affairs is climate change. Although both sides are active players in multilateral climate negotiations and have committed themselves to emissions reductions and ...
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One of the new issues in EU-China affairs is climate change. Although both sides are active players in multilateral climate negotiations and have committed themselves to emissions reductions and mitigation strategies, both sides pursue distinct interests. China places great importance to climate change but it is not yet fully willing to compromise economic growth prospects in return for tougher and verifiable emission cuts. The creation of a EU-China partnership on climate change has made few inroads, in particular because European companies are sceptical about technology transfers to China and because the EU's self-proclaimed leadership on climate change has so far been unable to break the Sino-US deadlock that have held up negotiations for the future global climate regime.Less
One of the new issues in EU-China affairs is climate change. Although both sides are active players in multilateral climate negotiations and have committed themselves to emissions reductions and mitigation strategies, both sides pursue distinct interests. China places great importance to climate change but it is not yet fully willing to compromise economic growth prospects in return for tougher and verifiable emission cuts. The creation of a EU-China partnership on climate change has made few inroads, in particular because European companies are sceptical about technology transfers to China and because the EU's self-proclaimed leadership on climate change has so far been unable to break the Sino-US deadlock that have held up negotiations for the future global climate regime.
Jon Birger Skjærseth and Tora Skodvin
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719065583
- eISBN:
- 9781781700471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719065583.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
This chapter analyses the accuracy of the Domestic Politics (DP) model in accounting for the differences in climate change strategies adopted by the oil companies in this study. It explains that the ...
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This chapter analyses the accuracy of the Domestic Politics (DP) model in accounting for the differences in climate change strategies adopted by the oil companies in this study. It explains that the DP model highlights the extent of social demand for environmental quality, the type of climate policy supplied by the government, and the way in which political institutions link supply and demand, that is, the relationship between state and industry. This chapter analyses the relevant conditions in the Netherlands, Norway, and the U.S., the home-base countries for Shell, Statoil and ExxonMobil, respectively.Less
This chapter analyses the accuracy of the Domestic Politics (DP) model in accounting for the differences in climate change strategies adopted by the oil companies in this study. It explains that the DP model highlights the extent of social demand for environmental quality, the type of climate policy supplied by the government, and the way in which political institutions link supply and demand, that is, the relationship between state and industry. This chapter analyses the relevant conditions in the Netherlands, Norway, and the U.S., the home-base countries for Shell, Statoil and ExxonMobil, respectively.
Robert Hahn and Alistair Ulph
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199692873
- eISBN:
- 9780191738371
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199692873.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
There is common agreement that climate change presents a serious threat to the planet. In this chapter, we provide an introduction to the climate change problem and summarize the main findings of the ...
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There is common agreement that climate change presents a serious threat to the planet. In this chapter, we provide an introduction to the climate change problem and summarize the main findings of the other chapters of the book. In addition we present 10 consensus principles on climate change policy developed by participants at a conference in honour of Tom Schelling. We argue that there is a need to go beyond many economists' preferred solution of doing no more than pricing pollution appropriately to also include consideration of alternatives such as geo-engineering and R&D subsidies. In addition, there is a growing realization that unless the cost of containing carbon emissions can be reduced substantially through innovation, not much mitigation is likely to occur. Finally, the authors of the Schelling consensus believe that a new approach is needed to climate change negotiations, which focuses on enforceable, realistic targets.Less
There is common agreement that climate change presents a serious threat to the planet. In this chapter, we provide an introduction to the climate change problem and summarize the main findings of the other chapters of the book. In addition we present 10 consensus principles on climate change policy developed by participants at a conference in honour of Tom Schelling. We argue that there is a need to go beyond many economists' preferred solution of doing no more than pricing pollution appropriately to also include consideration of alternatives such as geo-engineering and R&D subsidies. In addition, there is a growing realization that unless the cost of containing carbon emissions can be reduced substantially through innovation, not much mitigation is likely to occur. Finally, the authors of the Schelling consensus believe that a new approach is needed to climate change negotiations, which focuses on enforceable, realistic targets.
Lena Sommestad (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847429247
- eISBN:
- 9781447305613
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847429247.003.0012
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
This chapter tests the idea of connecting climate policies and the social investment approach in order to elaborate a European Model for Sustainable Development. It argues that the success of EU ...
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This chapter tests the idea of connecting climate policies and the social investment approach in order to elaborate a European Model for Sustainable Development. It argues that the success of EU climate policies, which have hitherto been largely unrelated to social policy, will be strongly dependent on social policy design. They have been designed in favour of liberalized energy markets, based on market-related policy instruments and limited state intervention. But these neoliberal EU climate policies are viewed with growing discontent. Problems identified include volatile energy prices, lack of investment in low-carbon energy and ‘fuel poverty’. The chapter argues that income redistribution and appropriate employment policies to re-skill the labour force in order to respond to the needs of a low-carbon economy are crucial elements for successful climate change mitigation. It then discusses the likelihood of a policy shift in the EU towards a paradigm for sustainable development. By providing a coherent approach to climate policy and social policy, the sustainable development paradigm carries the potential to strengthen the social investment approach and improve social policy design in support of climate change mitigation.Less
This chapter tests the idea of connecting climate policies and the social investment approach in order to elaborate a European Model for Sustainable Development. It argues that the success of EU climate policies, which have hitherto been largely unrelated to social policy, will be strongly dependent on social policy design. They have been designed in favour of liberalized energy markets, based on market-related policy instruments and limited state intervention. But these neoliberal EU climate policies are viewed with growing discontent. Problems identified include volatile energy prices, lack of investment in low-carbon energy and ‘fuel poverty’. The chapter argues that income redistribution and appropriate employment policies to re-skill the labour force in order to respond to the needs of a low-carbon economy are crucial elements for successful climate change mitigation. It then discusses the likelihood of a policy shift in the EU towards a paradigm for sustainable development. By providing a coherent approach to climate policy and social policy, the sustainable development paradigm carries the potential to strengthen the social investment approach and improve social policy design in support of climate change mitigation.
Cynthia D. Moe-Lobeda
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780823268436
- eISBN:
- 9780823272532
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823268436.003.0015
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
Few of Earth’s goods are more deeply common goods serving the common good(s) than the Earth’s atmosphere. We human creatures—as all creatures—hold in common our need for it. Jeopardizing it puts all ...
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Few of Earth’s goods are more deeply common goods serving the common good(s) than the Earth’s atmosphere. We human creatures—as all creatures—hold in common our need for it. Jeopardizing it puts all other common good(s) in harm’s way. What we do not hold in common is our access to those endangered goods (such as food and water). Climate change may be the most far-reaching manifestation of white privilege and class privilege yet to face humankind. Caused overwhelmingly by the world’s high-consuming people, climate change is wreaking death and destruction first and foremost on impoverished people who also are disproportionately people of color. Many voices of the Global South recognize this as climate debt (or climate colonialism) and situate it as a continuation of the colonialism that enabled the Global North to enrich itself for five centuries at the expense of Africa, Latin America, Indigenous North America, and parts of Asia. This essay posits climate change as a moral matter of climate debt, white privilege, and class privilege. It then draws on tools of Christian ethics as a political theology to frame a moral response. The essay’s third section sketches key aspects of that response. They include a potentially morally disempowering paradox, an understanding of morally empowering vision, and criteria for climate policy and action that take seriously the climate debt and climate privilege dimensions of climate change.Less
Few of Earth’s goods are more deeply common goods serving the common good(s) than the Earth’s atmosphere. We human creatures—as all creatures—hold in common our need for it. Jeopardizing it puts all other common good(s) in harm’s way. What we do not hold in common is our access to those endangered goods (such as food and water). Climate change may be the most far-reaching manifestation of white privilege and class privilege yet to face humankind. Caused overwhelmingly by the world’s high-consuming people, climate change is wreaking death and destruction first and foremost on impoverished people who also are disproportionately people of color. Many voices of the Global South recognize this as climate debt (or climate colonialism) and situate it as a continuation of the colonialism that enabled the Global North to enrich itself for five centuries at the expense of Africa, Latin America, Indigenous North America, and parts of Asia. This essay posits climate change as a moral matter of climate debt, white privilege, and class privilege. It then draws on tools of Christian ethics as a political theology to frame a moral response. The essay’s third section sketches key aspects of that response. They include a potentially morally disempowering paradox, an understanding of morally empowering vision, and criteria for climate policy and action that take seriously the climate debt and climate privilege dimensions of climate change.
Gørild Heggelund, Steinar Andresen, and Inga Fritzen Buan
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262014267
- eISBN:
- 9780262289481
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262014267.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
The chapter focuses on the climate policy of China. Chinese climate policies are linked to its economic policy, particularly its energy policy. The three main determinants that are decisive for ...
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The chapter focuses on the climate policy of China. Chinese climate policies are linked to its economic policy, particularly its energy policy. The three main determinants that are decisive for China’s climate change policy include economy, energy, and perceived vulnerability. It studies the role and influence of the main institutions involved in China’s climate-change policy. The role of China in international negotiations is examined, and the implementation of direct climate policies through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) by China is discussed. The chapter concludes by presenting a future perspective on China’s climate policy.Less
The chapter focuses on the climate policy of China. Chinese climate policies are linked to its economic policy, particularly its energy policy. The three main determinants that are decisive for China’s climate change policy include economy, energy, and perceived vulnerability. It studies the role and influence of the main institutions involved in China’s climate-change policy. The role of China in international negotiations is examined, and the implementation of direct climate policies through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) by China is discussed. The chapter concludes by presenting a future perspective on China’s climate policy.
Henrik Selin and Stacy D. VanDeveer
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262012997
- eISBN:
- 9780262259170
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262012997.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
This chapter examines climate change measures in the Northeast North America. It seeks to uncover how regional institutions and policy networks, along with the public, private, and civil society ...
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This chapter examines climate change measures in the Northeast North America. It seeks to uncover how regional institutions and policy networks, along with the public, private, and civil society sectors, are taking on significant leadership roles in pioneering climate change policymaking and implementation. The chapter also explains the important aspects of major policy developments and their importance for effective climate change impact reduction. Political action in the northeast shows the appropriateness and technical and economic plausibility of more ambitious efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, which sets significant precedents upon which future North American climate change legislation will be based. The chapter concludes by giving commentaries about the important features of current and future climate change policies in North America.Less
This chapter examines climate change measures in the Northeast North America. It seeks to uncover how regional institutions and policy networks, along with the public, private, and civil society sectors, are taking on significant leadership roles in pioneering climate change policymaking and implementation. The chapter also explains the important aspects of major policy developments and their importance for effective climate change impact reduction. Political action in the northeast shows the appropriateness and technical and economic plausibility of more ambitious efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, which sets significant precedents upon which future North American climate change legislation will be based. The chapter concludes by giving commentaries about the important features of current and future climate change policies in North America.
Navroz K. Dubash
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- December 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780199498734
- eISBN:
- 9780199098408
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199498734.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
How is India engaging the climate change challenge? This introductory chapter explains the changing context for climate change debates in India, from one focused on diplomatic concerns of equity and ...
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How is India engaging the climate change challenge? This introductory chapter explains the changing context for climate change debates in India, from one focused on diplomatic concerns of equity and responsibility for the problem to one equally concerned with understanding its development implications. The chapter lays out the rationale for why the book examines climate change impacts, negotiations, politics, policies, and integration across sectors, briefly discussing key themes. It ends with four overarching messages on the contours of the Indian climate debate.Less
How is India engaging the climate change challenge? This introductory chapter explains the changing context for climate change debates in India, from one focused on diplomatic concerns of equity and responsibility for the problem to one equally concerned with understanding its development implications. The chapter lays out the rationale for why the book examines climate change impacts, negotiations, politics, policies, and integration across sectors, briefly discussing key themes. It ends with four overarching messages on the contours of the Indian climate debate.
Jon Skjaerseth and Tora Skodvin
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719065583
- eISBN:
- 9781781700471
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719065583.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
Multinational corporations are not merely the problem in environmental concerns, but could also be part of the solution. The oil industry and climate change provide the clearest example of how the ...
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Multinational corporations are not merely the problem in environmental concerns, but could also be part of the solution. The oil industry and climate change provide the clearest example of how the two are linked; what is less well known is how the industry is responding to these concerns. This book presents a detailed study of the climate strategies of ExxonMobil, Shell and Statoil. Using an analytical approach, the chapters explain variations at three decision-making levels: within the companies themselves, in the national home-bases of the companies and at an international level. The analysis generates policy-relevant knowledge about whether and how corporate resistance to a viable climate policy can be overcome. The analytical approach developed by this book is also applicable to other areas of environmental degradation where multinational corporations play a central role.Less
Multinational corporations are not merely the problem in environmental concerns, but could also be part of the solution. The oil industry and climate change provide the clearest example of how the two are linked; what is less well known is how the industry is responding to these concerns. This book presents a detailed study of the climate strategies of ExxonMobil, Shell and Statoil. Using an analytical approach, the chapters explain variations at three decision-making levels: within the companies themselves, in the national home-bases of the companies and at an international level. The analysis generates policy-relevant knowledge about whether and how corporate resistance to a viable climate policy can be overcome. The analytical approach developed by this book is also applicable to other areas of environmental degradation where multinational corporations play a central role.
Sara Hughes
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781501740411
- eISBN:
- 9781501740428
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501740411.003.0004
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
This chapter traces the climate change mitigation policy agendas of New York City, Los Angeles, and Toronto, focusing on the period since 2007, and specifically the tools with which they sought to ...
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This chapter traces the climate change mitigation policy agendas of New York City, Los Angeles, and Toronto, focusing on the period since 2007, and specifically the tools with which they sought to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The climate change mitigation policy agendas developed by the three cities do reflect their particular context and the process of learning and strategic adjustment over time. Each city has a very unique set of programs and policies in place to target GHG emissions, from energy use benchmarking to installing solar panels to incentivizing alternative modes of transportation. In each case, this mix initially reflected the city's strengths and opportunities. Over time, the cities have expanded and diversified their agendas in response to changing conditions and new information. In some cases, the cities have had to readjust when certain approaches failed or lost political support. In other cases, the cities have sought to take advantage of new opportunities or diversified their agendas in an effort to meet more ambitious goals.Less
This chapter traces the climate change mitigation policy agendas of New York City, Los Angeles, and Toronto, focusing on the period since 2007, and specifically the tools with which they sought to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The climate change mitigation policy agendas developed by the three cities do reflect their particular context and the process of learning and strategic adjustment over time. Each city has a very unique set of programs and policies in place to target GHG emissions, from energy use benchmarking to installing solar panels to incentivizing alternative modes of transportation. In each case, this mix initially reflected the city's strengths and opportunities. Over time, the cities have expanded and diversified their agendas in response to changing conditions and new information. In some cases, the cities have had to readjust when certain approaches failed or lost political support. In other cases, the cities have sought to take advantage of new opportunities or diversified their agendas in an effort to meet more ambitious goals.
Navroz K. Dubash and Shibani Ghosh
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- December 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780199498734
- eISBN:
- 9780199098408
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199498734.003.0019
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
This chapter sets the stage for a discussion on policies by reviewing the emergence of national policies and national institutions. This discussion starts with the National Action Plan on Climate ...
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This chapter sets the stage for a discussion on policies by reviewing the emergence of national policies and national institutions. This discussion starts with the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) and its various ‘missions’. It discusses how Indian climate policy was frequently dictated by the pursuit of ‘co-benefits’ that bring both climate and development gains, and the emergence of multiple objectives framing as a useful guide for policy formulation. This leads to a discussion of the formulation of India’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) for the Paris Agreement. Significantly, the chapter also covers the spread of climate institutions which, while weak and in their early stages, provide the spaces within which climate discussion is likely to be mainstreamed, if at all, in the coming years.Less
This chapter sets the stage for a discussion on policies by reviewing the emergence of national policies and national institutions. This discussion starts with the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) and its various ‘missions’. It discusses how Indian climate policy was frequently dictated by the pursuit of ‘co-benefits’ that bring both climate and development gains, and the emergence of multiple objectives framing as a useful guide for policy formulation. This leads to a discussion of the formulation of India’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) for the Paris Agreement. Significantly, the chapter also covers the spread of climate institutions which, while weak and in their early stages, provide the spaces within which climate discussion is likely to be mainstreamed, if at all, in the coming years.
Laura A. Henry and Lisa McIntosh Sundstrom
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- October 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780197530238
- eISBN:
- 9780197530269
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197530238.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, International Relations and Politics
Russian NGOs and Chinese CSOs working to address climate change have exhibited different levels of participation as observer organizations at the annual UNFCCC COP meetings. In recent years, ...
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Russian NGOs and Chinese CSOs working to address climate change have exhibited different levels of participation as observer organizations at the annual UNFCCC COP meetings. In recent years, participation by Chinese CSOs has grown dramatically, while that of Russian NGOs has stagnated. This chapter investigates and explains that variation and what it tells us about challenges for NGO mediation. It highlights the distinct qualities of state-society relations in Russia (more confrontational) and China (more co-optational), even though both regimes are authoritarian, and differences in policymaking context given the Chinese government’s active interest in climate policy and the Russian government’s more limited efforts. These factors paradoxically allow NGOs in China’s one-party state more opportunities to engage with the UNFCCC and influence the domestic climate policy agenda; despite Russia’s “competitive authoritarian” regime with multiparty elections, NGOs there face a largely hostile and exclusionary context for climate policy.Less
Russian NGOs and Chinese CSOs working to address climate change have exhibited different levels of participation as observer organizations at the annual UNFCCC COP meetings. In recent years, participation by Chinese CSOs has grown dramatically, while that of Russian NGOs has stagnated. This chapter investigates and explains that variation and what it tells us about challenges for NGO mediation. It highlights the distinct qualities of state-society relations in Russia (more confrontational) and China (more co-optational), even though both regimes are authoritarian, and differences in policymaking context given the Chinese government’s active interest in climate policy and the Russian government’s more limited efforts. These factors paradoxically allow NGOs in China’s one-party state more opportunities to engage with the UNFCCC and influence the domestic climate policy agenda; despite Russia’s “competitive authoritarian” regime with multiparty elections, NGOs there face a largely hostile and exclusionary context for climate policy.
Paul G. Harris
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847428134
- eISBN:
- 9781447301844
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847428134.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
With the increasingly central role of China very much in mind, this book aims to assess how China's longstanding concerns about international fairness and justice can be squared against the pressing ...
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With the increasingly central role of China very much in mind, this book aims to assess how China's longstanding concerns about international fairness and justice can be squared against the pressing need for an effective international regime and effective domestic policies that limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This chapter lays a foundation for the chapters that follow. It begins by describing very briefly some of the science and international diplomacy of climate change, before summarising some key aspects of Chinese climate policy and providing some possible explanations for that policy.Less
With the increasingly central role of China very much in mind, this book aims to assess how China's longstanding concerns about international fairness and justice can be squared against the pressing need for an effective international regime and effective domestic policies that limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This chapter lays a foundation for the chapters that follow. It begins by describing very briefly some of the science and international diplomacy of climate change, before summarising some key aspects of Chinese climate policy and providing some possible explanations for that policy.
Janelle Knox-Hayes
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198718451
- eISBN:
- 9780191787737
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198718451.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Political Economy, Public Management
Chapter 4 examines early adaptations of the markets in Europe and the United States. In the case of the United States, analysis focuses on the federal level and on California as a large state that ...
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Chapter 4 examines early adaptations of the markets in Europe and the United States. In the case of the United States, analysis focuses on the federal level and on California as a large state that has taken substantial action on climate change. Both the US and the EU are large multi-jurisdictional polities that have leveraged markets to try to build common frameworks for governance. They are also advanced economies that allow markets to operate relatively unfettered from government intervention. Nevertheless, markets are built through different sources of authority and leverage different social values. In the United States logics of security are used to try to centralize authority, while structural differences in the EU lead to an emphasis on discourses of leadership and economic opportunity.Less
Chapter 4 examines early adaptations of the markets in Europe and the United States. In the case of the United States, analysis focuses on the federal level and on California as a large state that has taken substantial action on climate change. Both the US and the EU are large multi-jurisdictional polities that have leveraged markets to try to build common frameworks for governance. They are also advanced economies that allow markets to operate relatively unfettered from government intervention. Nevertheless, markets are built through different sources of authority and leverage different social values. In the United States logics of security are used to try to centralize authority, while structural differences in the EU lead to an emphasis on discourses of leadership and economic opportunity.
Pradip Swarnakar
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- December 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780199498734
- eISBN:
- 9780199098408
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199498734.003.0015
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
In India, climate change-related activities are primarily managed by the government, but civil society organizations (CSOs) are an integral part of policy formulation and implementation. This chapter ...
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In India, climate change-related activities are primarily managed by the government, but civil society organizations (CSOs) are an integral part of policy formulation and implementation. This chapter aims to illustrate the operations of Indian CSOs that primarily focus on climate change. The chapter has four primary objectives. First, it elucidates what Indian CSOs have achieved from discursive possibilities and openings created by the global climate change debate. Second, it interprets the climate sustainability and justice frameworks to evaluate the work of Indian CSOs. Third, it expands the concept of climate justice framework into two directions based on its geographical scale of focus. Finally, it discusses the international collaboration of Indian CSOs either as members of international coalitions or in joint deliberations in international climate meetings.Less
In India, climate change-related activities are primarily managed by the government, but civil society organizations (CSOs) are an integral part of policy formulation and implementation. This chapter aims to illustrate the operations of Indian CSOs that primarily focus on climate change. The chapter has four primary objectives. First, it elucidates what Indian CSOs have achieved from discursive possibilities and openings created by the global climate change debate. Second, it interprets the climate sustainability and justice frameworks to evaluate the work of Indian CSOs. Third, it expands the concept of climate justice framework into two directions based on its geographical scale of focus. Finally, it discusses the international collaboration of Indian CSOs either as members of international coalitions or in joint deliberations in international climate meetings.
Philippe Ambrosi
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262073028
- eISBN:
- 9780262274500
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262073028.003.0015
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
This chapter evaluates the effect of a constraint on the rate of temperature change for the determination of policies. It proposes a climate policy assessment within a cost-efficiency framework using ...
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This chapter evaluates the effect of a constraint on the rate of temperature change for the determination of policies. It proposes a climate policy assessment within a cost-efficiency framework using constraints referring to global mean temperature rise. The chapter also explores integrated assessment models in the context of climate stabilization and considers optimal climate policy under uncertainty on climate sensitivity.Less
This chapter evaluates the effect of a constraint on the rate of temperature change for the determination of policies. It proposes a climate policy assessment within a cost-efficiency framework using constraints referring to global mean temperature rise. The chapter also explores integrated assessment models in the context of climate stabilization and considers optimal climate policy under uncertainty on climate sensitivity.
Mikael Skou Andersen and Paul Ekins
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199570683
- eISBN:
- 9780191723186
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199570683.003.0010
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare, International
In this chapter we provide an overview and interpretation of findings presented in this volume, while placing them in the context of the wider climate policy debate. We revisit the competitiveness ...
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In this chapter we provide an overview and interpretation of findings presented in this volume, while placing them in the context of the wider climate policy debate. We revisit the competitiveness issue and consider the findings presented in this book within the framework of the Porter hypothesis and Leibenstein's concept of X‐efficiency, both of which have been quoted in support of more vigorous energy and climate policy. Carbon leakage, which refers to the displacement of emissions to non‐carbon tax countries and regions, is a prominent concern in relation to specific industrial sectors and we examine the leakage rates identified here against the broader patterns of development in international trade and development, with particular attention directed towards developments in China and other emerging industrialized countries. The obvious challenge is to identify a formula that enables control while at the same time allowing for transformation of the global energy systems and continued economic growth, in particular in developing countries.Less
In this chapter we provide an overview and interpretation of findings presented in this volume, while placing them in the context of the wider climate policy debate. We revisit the competitiveness issue and consider the findings presented in this book within the framework of the Porter hypothesis and Leibenstein's concept of X‐efficiency, both of which have been quoted in support of more vigorous energy and climate policy. Carbon leakage, which refers to the displacement of emissions to non‐carbon tax countries and regions, is a prominent concern in relation to specific industrial sectors and we examine the leakage rates identified here against the broader patterns of development in international trade and development, with particular attention directed towards developments in China and other emerging industrialized countries. The obvious challenge is to identify a formula that enables control while at the same time allowing for transformation of the global energy systems and continued economic growth, in particular in developing countries.
Martin Kowarsch and Ottmar Edenhofer
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198744047
- eISBN:
- 9780191804038
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198744047.003.0015
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory, Environmental Politics
How can philosophical ethics inform conflict-riddled climate policy debates? From the perspective of Deweyan pragmatism, climate ethics should go beyond discussing abstract ethical principles ...
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How can philosophical ethics inform conflict-riddled climate policy debates? From the perspective of Deweyan pragmatism, climate ethics should go beyond discussing abstract ethical principles isolated from decision-making, given the complexity of climate policy pathways. Rather, philosophers should help identify and evaluate the practical implications of different means to achieve alternative policy objectives. Such a contribution to climate policy may be more useful: it could, for example, reveal new adverse side effects or overlaps between pathways, or could even entail value changes, that is, causing hitherto fundamental ethical beliefs to be revalued in light of practical implications. This pragmatist approach to ‘non-ideal’ applied ethics requires highly interdisciplinary, integrated assessments of policy pathways and an iterative learning process. This chapter evaluates and uses examples from the recent assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with a focus on its ethics chapter, to illustrate the benefits and challenges of such integrated ethics.Less
How can philosophical ethics inform conflict-riddled climate policy debates? From the perspective of Deweyan pragmatism, climate ethics should go beyond discussing abstract ethical principles isolated from decision-making, given the complexity of climate policy pathways. Rather, philosophers should help identify and evaluate the practical implications of different means to achieve alternative policy objectives. Such a contribution to climate policy may be more useful: it could, for example, reveal new adverse side effects or overlaps between pathways, or could even entail value changes, that is, causing hitherto fundamental ethical beliefs to be revalued in light of practical implications. This pragmatist approach to ‘non-ideal’ applied ethics requires highly interdisciplinary, integrated assessments of policy pathways and an iterative learning process. This chapter evaluates and uses examples from the recent assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, with a focus on its ethics chapter, to illustrate the benefits and challenges of such integrated ethics.
Sharon L. Harlan, David N. Pellow, J. Timmons Roberts, Shannon Elizabeth Bell, William G. Holt, and Joane Nagel
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199356102
- eISBN:
- 9780199356133
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199356102.003.0005
- Subject:
- Sociology, Science, Technology and Environment
Climate change is a justice issue for three reasons. First, its causes are driven by social inequalities: most politically, culturally, and economically marginalized communities and nations use ...
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Climate change is a justice issue for three reasons. First, its causes are driven by social inequalities: most politically, culturally, and economically marginalized communities and nations use vastly less fossil fuel-based energy. Second, the rich and poor feel its impacts unequally; this is true locally, nationally, and globally. Third, policies designed to manage climate change—including renewable energy sources, adaptation measures, and geoengineering schemes—will have starkly unequal impacts within and across societies. This is in part because decision-making processes for emissions reductions and adaptation policies tend to exclude the politically marginalized. Sociologists are advancing understanding in these areas and in studying the ideas and strategies of grassroots social movements and nongovernmental organizations advocating for environmental justice. Sociologists bring an essential, unique toolkit to explore, explain, and help society address climate inequality and injustice. Sociology needs to initiate and foster interdisciplinary cooperation in the development of theory, methods, and substance.Less
Climate change is a justice issue for three reasons. First, its causes are driven by social inequalities: most politically, culturally, and economically marginalized communities and nations use vastly less fossil fuel-based energy. Second, the rich and poor feel its impacts unequally; this is true locally, nationally, and globally. Third, policies designed to manage climate change—including renewable energy sources, adaptation measures, and geoengineering schemes—will have starkly unequal impacts within and across societies. This is in part because decision-making processes for emissions reductions and adaptation policies tend to exclude the politically marginalized. Sociologists are advancing understanding in these areas and in studying the ideas and strategies of grassroots social movements and nongovernmental organizations advocating for environmental justice. Sociologists bring an essential, unique toolkit to explore, explain, and help society address climate inequality and injustice. Sociology needs to initiate and foster interdisciplinary cooperation in the development of theory, methods, and substance.
Kathryn Harrison
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262014267
- eISBN:
- 9780262289481
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262014267.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
This chapter focuses on the economic and institutional challenges to US climate policy. US resistance to action at both the international and domestic levels is explained by electoral disincentives, ...
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This chapter focuses on the economic and institutional challenges to US climate policy. US resistance to action at both the international and domestic levels is explained by electoral disincentives, reinforced by distinctive US political institutions. The chapter discusses the ways in which US political institutions have amplified electoral disincentives to action. Negotiation related to the Kyoto Protocol is also presented. The significant shifts in US climate policy with the election of Democratic president, Barack Obama, are discussed.Less
This chapter focuses on the economic and institutional challenges to US climate policy. US resistance to action at both the international and domestic levels is explained by electoral disincentives, reinforced by distinctive US political institutions. The chapter discusses the ways in which US political institutions have amplified electoral disincentives to action. Negotiation related to the Kyoto Protocol is also presented. The significant shifts in US climate policy with the election of Democratic president, Barack Obama, are discussed.
