David Ciplet, J. Timmons Roberts, and Mizan R. Khan
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029612
- eISBN:
- 9780262330039
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029612.003.0005
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
This chapter pays attention to climate change adaptation politics and describes the types of political conflicts that have emerged around the issue of funding for adaptation. It discusses three main ...
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This chapter pays attention to climate change adaptation politics and describes the types of political conflicts that have emerged around the issue of funding for adaptation. It discusses three main points of contention between countries on both sides of the North–South divide. These conflicts are referred to as the Gap (in raising the funds), the Wedge (in who is prioritized to receive funds), and the Dodge (in using just governance institutions). The chapter then considers the governance challenges and geopolitical dynamics that will emerge as drastic climate change impacts become inevitable. It concludes by connecting the issue of adaptation of politics to the theoretical framework of strategic power discussed in the previous chapters.Less
This chapter pays attention to climate change adaptation politics and describes the types of political conflicts that have emerged around the issue of funding for adaptation. It discusses three main points of contention between countries on both sides of the North–South divide. These conflicts are referred to as the Gap (in raising the funds), the Wedge (in who is prioritized to receive funds), and the Dodge (in using just governance institutions). The chapter then considers the governance challenges and geopolitical dynamics that will emerge as drastic climate change impacts become inevitable. It concludes by connecting the issue of adaptation of politics to the theoretical framework of strategic power discussed in the previous chapters.
JoAnn Carmin, Kathleen Tierney, Eric Chu, Lori M. Hunter, J. Timmons Roberts, and Linda Shi
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199356102
- eISBN:
- 9780199356133
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199356102.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Science, Technology and Environment
Climate change adaptation involves major global and societal challenges such as finding adequate and equitable adaptation funding and integrating adaptation and development programs. Current funding ...
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Climate change adaptation involves major global and societal challenges such as finding adequate and equitable adaptation funding and integrating adaptation and development programs. Current funding is insufficient. Debates between the Global North and South center on how best to allocate the financial burdens associated with adaptation programs. How to “mainstream” adaptation into development programs is another topic for debate, as is the question of whether market-based approaches offer the right tools for both development and adaptation. Sociological insights on topics such as the political economy of development, disaster risk reduction, human migration in the face of environmental change, institutions, social movements, and public participation in environmental governance are applicable to the study of adaptation.Less
Climate change adaptation involves major global and societal challenges such as finding adequate and equitable adaptation funding and integrating adaptation and development programs. Current funding is insufficient. Debates between the Global North and South center on how best to allocate the financial burdens associated with adaptation programs. How to “mainstream” adaptation into development programs is another topic for debate, as is the question of whether market-based approaches offer the right tools for both development and adaptation. Sociological insights on topics such as the political economy of development, disaster risk reduction, human migration in the face of environmental change, institutions, social movements, and public participation in environmental governance are applicable to the study of adaptation.
Fanny Thornton
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- November 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198824817
- eISBN:
- 9780191863509
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198824817.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory, Environmental Politics
The chapter moves the analysis to the realm of distributive justice. It explores whether inherent to the climate change and people movement nexus are issues of unequal distribution, for example, of ...
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The chapter moves the analysis to the realm of distributive justice. It explores whether inherent to the climate change and people movement nexus are issues of unequal distribution, for example, of benefits and burdens. The chapter outlines distributional issues and then suggests whether, from a distributive justice standpoint, equity could be achieved through redistribution of costs which may accrue for those under pressure to move. The chapter sketches the extent to which international law is underpinned by distributive justice notions. It then, more explicitly, turns to international environmental law, and in particular the international climate change adaptation and finance architectures, to analyse whether, in combination, they support remedying distributional issues in relation to people movement in the climate change context.Less
The chapter moves the analysis to the realm of distributive justice. It explores whether inherent to the climate change and people movement nexus are issues of unequal distribution, for example, of benefits and burdens. The chapter outlines distributional issues and then suggests whether, from a distributive justice standpoint, equity could be achieved through redistribution of costs which may accrue for those under pressure to move. The chapter sketches the extent to which international law is underpinned by distributive justice notions. It then, more explicitly, turns to international environmental law, and in particular the international climate change adaptation and finance architectures, to analyse whether, in combination, they support remedying distributional issues in relation to people movement in the climate change context.
Frances C. Moore, Justin S. Mankin, and Austin Becker
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780300198812
- eISBN:
- 9780300213577
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300198812.003.0008
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
Though predictions regarding the physical impacts of climate change are becoming increasingly detailed and sophisticated, the question of exactly what these physical changes mean for the social, ...
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Though predictions regarding the physical impacts of climate change are becoming increasingly detailed and sophisticated, the question of exactly what these physical changes mean for the social, economic and natural systems that humans value cannot be answered by the physical sciences alone. Insights from the social sciences are essential for situating these projections in ways meaningful for people and communities making decisions in the face of a changing climate. However, serious methodological and epistemological challenges make true integration between the climate and social sciences difficult. Here we describe three of these challenges in detail: the long time-scales and large spatial-scales at which climate science typically operates, the tendency to abstract climate-change related impacts from their context, and a strong emphasis on prediction. More generally, the difficulty in combining statistically-defined climate projections, with specific, embedded narratives from the social sciences is discussed, as well as suggestions for ways forward.Less
Though predictions regarding the physical impacts of climate change are becoming increasingly detailed and sophisticated, the question of exactly what these physical changes mean for the social, economic and natural systems that humans value cannot be answered by the physical sciences alone. Insights from the social sciences are essential for situating these projections in ways meaningful for people and communities making decisions in the face of a changing climate. However, serious methodological and epistemological challenges make true integration between the climate and social sciences difficult. Here we describe three of these challenges in detail: the long time-scales and large spatial-scales at which climate science typically operates, the tendency to abstract climate-change related impacts from their context, and a strong emphasis on prediction. More generally, the difficulty in combining statistically-defined climate projections, with specific, embedded narratives from the social sciences is discussed, as well as suggestions for ways forward.
Julia B. Wyman
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199368747
- eISBN:
- 9780199368761
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199368747.003.0023
- Subject:
- Law, Environmental and Energy Law, Public International Law
New England is a densely populated area dependent on the coast and rich in maritime history. The impacts of climate change, such as sea-level rise, increased storm intensity and frequency, and ...
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New England is a densely populated area dependent on the coast and rich in maritime history. The impacts of climate change, such as sea-level rise, increased storm intensity and frequency, and erosion are causing New England municipalities and states to creatively adapt their laws and policies within complex environmental, economic, and political systems. This chapter explores some of the innovative ways communities and states in New England have adapted, and plan to adapt, to climate change, such as Maine’s anticipatory planning for sea-level rise along its coast, New Hampshire’s adaptation strategies, and approaches taken regarding the Massachusetts South Shore; New Haven, Connecticut; and New Shoreham, Rhode Island.Less
New England is a densely populated area dependent on the coast and rich in maritime history. The impacts of climate change, such as sea-level rise, increased storm intensity and frequency, and erosion are causing New England municipalities and states to creatively adapt their laws and policies within complex environmental, economic, and political systems. This chapter explores some of the innovative ways communities and states in New England have adapted, and plan to adapt, to climate change, such as Maine’s anticipatory planning for sea-level rise along its coast, New Hampshire’s adaptation strategies, and approaches taken regarding the Massachusetts South Shore; New Haven, Connecticut; and New Shoreham, Rhode Island.
K.S. Kavi Kumar and Brinda Viswanathan
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- December 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780199498734
- eISBN:
- 9780199098408
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199498734.003.0028
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
This chapter provides an overview of issues surrounding the mainstreaming of climate change adaptation in the agriculture sector with focus on India. The status of adaptation research focusing on ...
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This chapter provides an overview of issues surrounding the mainstreaming of climate change adaptation in the agriculture sector with focus on India. The status of adaptation research focusing on triggers of adaptation and adaptation strategies, such as innovation, adoption of technologies, risk management, and migration, are discussed. The chapter then deliberates on approaches for mainstreaming climate change adaptation policies, namely, climate-proofing, climate-first, and development-first. The wide-ranging budgetary requirements made by the State Action Plans on Climate Change for the agricultural sector highlight the need for a coherent approach for assessing adaptation budgets, along with the establishment of climate and disaster cells in the line departments of the state governments to integrate the climate risks with the developmental plans.Less
This chapter provides an overview of issues surrounding the mainstreaming of climate change adaptation in the agriculture sector with focus on India. The status of adaptation research focusing on triggers of adaptation and adaptation strategies, such as innovation, adoption of technologies, risk management, and migration, are discussed. The chapter then deliberates on approaches for mainstreaming climate change adaptation policies, namely, climate-proofing, climate-first, and development-first. The wide-ranging budgetary requirements made by the State Action Plans on Climate Change for the agricultural sector highlight the need for a coherent approach for assessing adaptation budgets, along with the establishment of climate and disaster cells in the line departments of the state governments to integrate the climate risks with the developmental plans.
Peter P. Marra, Benjamin Zuckerberg, and Christiaan Both
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198824268
- eISBN:
- 9780191862809
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198824268.003.0017
- Subject:
- Biology, Ornithology, Animal Biology
Understanding and predicting future ecological impacts of climate change, and then developing a conservation strategy to minimize the negative impacts on biodiversity, remains one of the greatest ...
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Understanding and predicting future ecological impacts of climate change, and then developing a conservation strategy to minimize the negative impacts on biodiversity, remains one of the greatest environmental challenges of the twenty-first century. We lack a robust understanding of how climate variability (e.g., temperature, precipitation) itself influences the biology of organisms and, when evidence points to a species being vulnerable to the effects of climate change, there is a lack of specific and timely recommendations for managers to reduce that vulnerability. This chapter reviews how we assess which species are most impacted by climate change and then provides a framework and examples of common strategies and tactics managers can use to incorporate climate change adaptation into bird conservation. In doing so, we present a suite of strategies designed to translate broad conservation concepts into targeted and prescriptive actions for birds.Less
Understanding and predicting future ecological impacts of climate change, and then developing a conservation strategy to minimize the negative impacts on biodiversity, remains one of the greatest environmental challenges of the twenty-first century. We lack a robust understanding of how climate variability (e.g., temperature, precipitation) itself influences the biology of organisms and, when evidence points to a species being vulnerable to the effects of climate change, there is a lack of specific and timely recommendations for managers to reduce that vulnerability. This chapter reviews how we assess which species are most impacted by climate change and then provides a framework and examples of common strategies and tactics managers can use to incorporate climate change adaptation into bird conservation. In doing so, we present a suite of strategies designed to translate broad conservation concepts into targeted and prescriptive actions for birds.
Jessica Barnes and Michael R Dove (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780300198812
- eISBN:
- 9780300213577
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300198812.001.0001
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our times, yet also seemingly intractable. This book draws together the state-of-the-art thinking in anthropology, approaching climate change as a ...
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Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our times, yet also seemingly intractable. This book draws together the state-of-the-art thinking in anthropology, approaching climate change as a nexus of nature, culture, science, politics, and belief. The book reveals new ways of thinking about the complex relationships between society and climate, science and the state, certainty and uncertainty, global and local that are manifested in climate change debates. The contributors address three major areas of inquiry: how climate change issues have been framed in previous times compared to the present; how knowledge about climate change and its impacts is produced and interpreted by different groups; and how imagination plays a role in shaping conceptions of climate change.Less
Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our times, yet also seemingly intractable. This book draws together the state-of-the-art thinking in anthropology, approaching climate change as a nexus of nature, culture, science, politics, and belief. The book reveals new ways of thinking about the complex relationships between society and climate, science and the state, certainty and uncertainty, global and local that are manifested in climate change debates. The contributors address three major areas of inquiry: how climate change issues have been framed in previous times compared to the present; how knowledge about climate change and its impacts is produced and interpreted by different groups; and how imagination plays a role in shaping conceptions of climate change.
Ramprasad Sengupta
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198081654
- eISBN:
- 9780199082407
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198081654.003.0014
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
The chapter discusses the problem of global warming and climate change as one of global pollution with widest effects of global externality. It describes the characteristics of the green house gases ...
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The chapter discusses the problem of global warming and climate change as one of global pollution with widest effects of global externality. It describes the characteristics of the green house gases (GHG), their composition and regional source wise distribution and shows how their accumulation in the atmosphere leads to the rise of global temperature and climate change. It then describes the physical and economic impacts of climate change with the consequent loss of GDP and economic assets. The chapter further examines the prospect of low carbon economic growth for abating climate change particularly in the Indian context. It also discusses the issues relating to the adaptation to climate change as some climate change would be inevitable in future. It finally addresses the institutional issue of collective action for mitigation and adaptation to climate change and concludes by describing India’s policy approach of defining the shared global responsibility in the context.Less
The chapter discusses the problem of global warming and climate change as one of global pollution with widest effects of global externality. It describes the characteristics of the green house gases (GHG), their composition and regional source wise distribution and shows how their accumulation in the atmosphere leads to the rise of global temperature and climate change. It then describes the physical and economic impacts of climate change with the consequent loss of GDP and economic assets. The chapter further examines the prospect of low carbon economic growth for abating climate change particularly in the Indian context. It also discusses the issues relating to the adaptation to climate change as some climate change would be inevitable in future. It finally addresses the institutional issue of collective action for mitigation and adaptation to climate change and concludes by describing India’s policy approach of defining the shared global responsibility in the context.
Riley E. Dunlap and Robert J. Brulle (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199356102
- eISBN:
- 9780199356133
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199356102.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Science, Technology and Environment
Climate change is one of today’s most important issues, presenting an intellectual challenge to the natural and social sciences. While there has been progress in natural science understanding of ...
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Climate change is one of today’s most important issues, presenting an intellectual challenge to the natural and social sciences. While there has been progress in natural science understanding of climate change, social science research has not been as fully developed. This book breaks new theoretical and empirical ground by presenting climate change as a thoroughly social phenomenon, embedded in our institutions and cultural practices. Drawing on a variety of sociological literature, thirty-eight sociologists summarize existing approaches to understanding the social, economic, political, and culture dimensions of climate change, detailing the causes, impacts, and responses. Chapters 2 to 4 focus on factors that drive carbon emissions and situate these factors within social structure and processes. Chapters 5 to 7 examine the impacts of climate change and how sociological perspectives can inform the creation of just and equitable mitigation and adaptation strategies. Chapters 8 to 10 examine the factors that influence how society responds to climate change, including the movements that advocate for or against climate action and public opinion. Chapters 11 and 12 present an overview of debates within social theory about the significance of climate change and how to address it, followed by a review of methodological approaches for studying the relationship between societal and climate phenomena. The concluding chapter takes stock of all these sociological insights and how they fulfill the need for more social science research on climate (and global environmental) change, while also pointing to the importance of further sociological engagement with these topics.Less
Climate change is one of today’s most important issues, presenting an intellectual challenge to the natural and social sciences. While there has been progress in natural science understanding of climate change, social science research has not been as fully developed. This book breaks new theoretical and empirical ground by presenting climate change as a thoroughly social phenomenon, embedded in our institutions and cultural practices. Drawing on a variety of sociological literature, thirty-eight sociologists summarize existing approaches to understanding the social, economic, political, and culture dimensions of climate change, detailing the causes, impacts, and responses. Chapters 2 to 4 focus on factors that drive carbon emissions and situate these factors within social structure and processes. Chapters 5 to 7 examine the impacts of climate change and how sociological perspectives can inform the creation of just and equitable mitigation and adaptation strategies. Chapters 8 to 10 examine the factors that influence how society responds to climate change, including the movements that advocate for or against climate action and public opinion. Chapters 11 and 12 present an overview of debates within social theory about the significance of climate change and how to address it, followed by a review of methodological approaches for studying the relationship between societal and climate phenomena. The concluding chapter takes stock of all these sociological insights and how they fulfill the need for more social science research on climate (and global environmental) change, while also pointing to the importance of further sociological engagement with these topics.
Fredrich J. Kahrl and David W. Roland-Holst
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780520271814
- eISBN:
- 9780520953802
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520271814.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Biodiversity / Conservation Biology
California is synonymous with opportunity, prosperity, and natural beauty, but climate change will change the state's future and image. How can we expect the economy, natural resources, public ...
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California is synonymous with opportunity, prosperity, and natural beauty, but climate change will change the state's future and image. How can we expect the economy, natural resources, public health, agriculture, and our own livelihoodsto be affected? How will California's inhabitants (human, animal, and plant communities) adapt? What will it cost? This book is the first to address these and other questions so central to the long-term health of the state. While California is undeniably unique and diverse, the challenges it faces will be mirrored everywhere. This succinct and authoritative review of the latest evidence suggests feasible ways to adapt to these changes while sustaining prosperity, mitigating impacts of climate change, and stimulating research and more effective policy across the globe. The authors argue that the sooner society recognizes the reality of climate change, the more effectively we can begin adaptation and limit costs to present and future generations. They show that climate risk presents a new opportunity for innovation, supporting aspirations for prosperity in a lower-carbon, climate-altered future where we can extend economic progress without endangering the environment and ourselves.Less
California is synonymous with opportunity, prosperity, and natural beauty, but climate change will change the state's future and image. How can we expect the economy, natural resources, public health, agriculture, and our own livelihoodsto be affected? How will California's inhabitants (human, animal, and plant communities) adapt? What will it cost? This book is the first to address these and other questions so central to the long-term health of the state. While California is undeniably unique and diverse, the challenges it faces will be mirrored everywhere. This succinct and authoritative review of the latest evidence suggests feasible ways to adapt to these changes while sustaining prosperity, mitigating impacts of climate change, and stimulating research and more effective policy across the globe. The authors argue that the sooner society recognizes the reality of climate change, the more effectively we can begin adaptation and limit costs to present and future generations. They show that climate risk presents a new opportunity for innovation, supporting aspirations for prosperity in a lower-carbon, climate-altered future where we can extend economic progress without endangering the environment and ourselves.
Rajindra K. Puri
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780300198812
- eISBN:
- 9780300213577
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300198812.003.0011
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
This chapter approaches climate change through the quotidian response of herders in India to an invasive species, Lantana camara, whose proliferation some believe is linked to changing precipitation ...
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This chapter approaches climate change through the quotidian response of herders in India to an invasive species, Lantana camara, whose proliferation some believe is linked to changing precipitation patterns. Puri uses this as a window into understanding human decision-making in the face of change. The chapter illustrates the value of a focus on everyday activities as a methodology for investigating adaptation to climate change impacts.Less
This chapter approaches climate change through the quotidian response of herders in India to an invasive species, Lantana camara, whose proliferation some believe is linked to changing precipitation patterns. Puri uses this as a window into understanding human decision-making in the face of change. The chapter illustrates the value of a focus on everyday activities as a methodology for investigating adaptation to climate change impacts.
Sarah Blodgett Bermeo
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- June 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190851828
- eISBN:
- 9780190869083
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190851828.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, International Relations and Politics
This chapter analyzes whether the desire of industrialized states to enhance their own well-being through development abroad influences the allocation of resources in areas such as climate finance, ...
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This chapter analyzes whether the desire of industrialized states to enhance their own well-being through development abroad influences the allocation of resources in areas such as climate finance, where development is not the primary stated purpose of funds. An examination of the early years of climate finance suggests that mitigation and adaptation funds are being diverted to areas where they can provide development benefits to the donor states, rather than being spent where adaptation assistance is most needed or where mitigation resources can most efficiently combat climate change. This targeting helps explain the preference of industrialized states to channel their climate finance bilaterally rather than through newly created multilateral institutions, such as the Green Climate Fund, ostensibly tasked with the distribution of such funds.Less
This chapter analyzes whether the desire of industrialized states to enhance their own well-being through development abroad influences the allocation of resources in areas such as climate finance, where development is not the primary stated purpose of funds. An examination of the early years of climate finance suggests that mitigation and adaptation funds are being diverted to areas where they can provide development benefits to the donor states, rather than being spent where adaptation assistance is most needed or where mitigation resources can most efficiently combat climate change. This targeting helps explain the preference of industrialized states to channel their climate finance bilaterally rather than through newly created multilateral institutions, such as the Green Climate Fund, ostensibly tasked with the distribution of such funds.
Jamie Pittock, C. Max Finlayson, and Simon Linke
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- February 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198766384
- eISBN:
- 9780191820908
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198766384.003.0017
- Subject:
- Biology, Aquatic Biology, Biodiversity / Conservation Biology
In this chapter we review techniques that managers may use to respond to climate change. First, modelling the impacts of climate change on freshwater ecosystems is discussed. While hydro-climatic ...
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In this chapter we review techniques that managers may use to respond to climate change. First, modelling the impacts of climate change on freshwater ecosystems is discussed. While hydro-climatic projections can be used their imprecision requires the selection of robust adaptation options that provide benefits under a range of possible climate outcomes. Second, contested concepts for managing freshwater ecosystems and resources are summarised, and we conclude that they may be used to develop and implement cross-sectoral policies that sustain freshwater ecosystems. Third, options for climate change adaptation for freshwater ecosystems recommends application of six principles, emphasising: accommodation of change; application of ecological and socio-economic targets across multiple scales; maintaining connectivity, conservation of refugia, and representative habitats; initial implementation of no- and low-regret adaptation interventions; agreeing on thresholds for ecological change that trigger new management interventions; and scientific monitoring and evaluation. We conclude by considering how to manage the negative impacts and seize positive synergies in climate change responses: conservation advocates must engage with agriculture, energy, and water resources sectors if freshwater ecosystems are to be incorporated in their decisions.Less
In this chapter we review techniques that managers may use to respond to climate change. First, modelling the impacts of climate change on freshwater ecosystems is discussed. While hydro-climatic projections can be used their imprecision requires the selection of robust adaptation options that provide benefits under a range of possible climate outcomes. Second, contested concepts for managing freshwater ecosystems and resources are summarised, and we conclude that they may be used to develop and implement cross-sectoral policies that sustain freshwater ecosystems. Third, options for climate change adaptation for freshwater ecosystems recommends application of six principles, emphasising: accommodation of change; application of ecological and socio-economic targets across multiple scales; maintaining connectivity, conservation of refugia, and representative habitats; initial implementation of no- and low-regret adaptation interventions; agreeing on thresholds for ecological change that trigger new management interventions; and scientific monitoring and evaluation. We conclude by considering how to manage the negative impacts and seize positive synergies in climate change responses: conservation advocates must engage with agriculture, energy, and water resources sectors if freshwater ecosystems are to be incorporated in their decisions.
Angela H. Arthington
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780520273696
- eISBN:
- 9780520953451
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520273696.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Biodiversity / Conservation Biology
Environmental Flows: Saving Rivers in the Third Millenniumis a singular source of information on the subject of environmental flows-the quantity, timing, and quality of water flows and regimes ...
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Environmental Flows: Saving Rivers in the Third Millenniumis a singular source of information on the subject of environmental flows-the quantity, timing, and quality of water flows and regimes required to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems as well as the human livelihoods and well-being that depend upon these ecosystems. How much water does each type of ecosystem need? What happens when natural seasonal flow patterns or standing water regimes are radically altered by dams, hydropower generation, or pumping to meet the needs of humans? Can damaged ecosystems be restored by the provision of environmental flows? How can human societies come to grips with the realities of climate change, less water for everyone, greater impacts on aquatic biodiversity, and increasingly dysfunctional ecosystems? This book addresses these questions, describing each environmental flow method from the simplest hydrological formulae to ecosystem frameworks that seek to inform water management at multiple spatial scales. Implementation and monitoring are discussed, as well as legislation and public policy. The book ends with an appeal to address the freshwater biodiversity crisis, and turn the third millennium into an era of transformation and restoration of earth's natural resiliency and healing power for the benefit of ecosystems and people like.Less
Environmental Flows: Saving Rivers in the Third Millenniumis a singular source of information on the subject of environmental flows-the quantity, timing, and quality of water flows and regimes required to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems as well as the human livelihoods and well-being that depend upon these ecosystems. How much water does each type of ecosystem need? What happens when natural seasonal flow patterns or standing water regimes are radically altered by dams, hydropower generation, or pumping to meet the needs of humans? Can damaged ecosystems be restored by the provision of environmental flows? How can human societies come to grips with the realities of climate change, less water for everyone, greater impacts on aquatic biodiversity, and increasingly dysfunctional ecosystems? This book addresses these questions, describing each environmental flow method from the simplest hydrological formulae to ecosystem frameworks that seek to inform water management at multiple spatial scales. Implementation and monitoring are discussed, as well as legislation and public policy. The book ends with an appeal to address the freshwater biodiversity crisis, and turn the third millennium into an era of transformation and restoration of earth's natural resiliency and healing power for the benefit of ecosystems and people like.