Maryjane Osa
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199251780
- eISBN:
- 9780191599057
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199251789.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Explores changes in the informal networks of overlapping memberships between opposition organizations in Poland between the 1960s and the 1980s. When civic organizations are subject to severe ...
More
Explores changes in the informal networks of overlapping memberships between opposition organizations in Poland between the 1960s and the 1980s. When civic organizations are subject to severe constraints, as in Communist regimes, informal networks are particularly important as alternative sources of resources. There, networks not only operate as micro‐mobilization contexts but also provide the basic infrastructure for civil society. The chapter explicitly takes the time dimension into account, using individual affiliations to chart the evolution of networks over time, and offering an accurate reconstruction of changes in the Polish political system and the emergence of a strong democratization movement.Less
Explores changes in the informal networks of overlapping memberships between opposition organizations in Poland between the 1960s and the 1980s. When civic organizations are subject to severe constraints, as in Communist regimes, informal networks are particularly important as alternative sources of resources. There, networks not only operate as micro‐mobilization contexts but also provide the basic infrastructure for civil society. The chapter explicitly takes the time dimension into account, using individual affiliations to chart the evolution of networks over time, and offering an accurate reconstruction of changes in the Polish political system and the emergence of a strong democratization movement.
Chris Wells
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780190203610
- eISBN:
- 9780190203658
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190203610.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
This chapter examines the role that civic organizations have historically played, and continue to play, in American civic engagement. It especially recasts an element of that role that is usually ...
More
This chapter examines the role that civic organizations have historically played, and continue to play, in American civic engagement. It especially recasts an element of that role that is usually underappreciated, but may be now coming to the fore: organizations’ capacity as providers of civic information, now buttressed by their work in digital and social media. It shows how citizen members of the early modern society both interacted with organizational communications and often had the opportunity to communicate in various forms that enabled them to define their own membership and influence the meanings and directions of the group. By the late twentieth century, however, this set of communicative practices had largely disappeared, replaced by the centralization of many organizations and increasingly strategic relations with publics. Thus even as the kernels of the actualizing information style were emerging, organizations’ information processes were going in the opposite direction.Less
This chapter examines the role that civic organizations have historically played, and continue to play, in American civic engagement. It especially recasts an element of that role that is usually underappreciated, but may be now coming to the fore: organizations’ capacity as providers of civic information, now buttressed by their work in digital and social media. It shows how citizen members of the early modern society both interacted with organizational communications and often had the opportunity to communicate in various forms that enabled them to define their own membership and influence the meanings and directions of the group. By the late twentieth century, however, this set of communicative practices had largely disappeared, replaced by the centralization of many organizations and increasingly strategic relations with publics. Thus even as the kernels of the actualizing information style were emerging, organizations’ information processes were going in the opposite direction.
Chris Wells
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780190203610
- eISBN:
- 9780190203658
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190203610.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
This book investigates the changing relationship between citizens and civic organizations by exploring how social changes and innovations in communication technology are transforming the information ...
More
This book investigates the changing relationship between citizens and civic organizations by exploring how social changes and innovations in communication technology are transforming the information expectations and preferences of citizens. It is the first work to bring together theories of civic identity change with research on civic organizations. Specifically, it argues that a shift in information styles may help to explain the disjuncture felt by many young people when it comes to institutional participation and politics. The book theorizes two paradigms of information style: a dutiful style, which was rooted in the society, communication system and citizen norms of the modern era, and an actualizing style, which constitutes the set of information practices and expectations of the young citizens of late modernity for whom interactive digital media are the norm. Hypothesizing that civil society institutions have difficulty adapting to the norms and practices of the actualizing information style, two empirical studies apply the dutiful/actualizing framework to innovative content analyses of organizations’ online communications—on their websites, and through Facebook. Results demonstrate that with intriguing exceptions, most major civil society organizations use digital media more in line with dutiful information norms than actualizing ones: they tend to broadcast strategic messages to an audience of receivers, rather than encouraging participation or exchange among an active set of participants. The book concludes with a discussion of the tensions inherent in bureaucratic organizations trying to adapt to an actualizing information style, and recommendations for how they may more successfully do so.Less
This book investigates the changing relationship between citizens and civic organizations by exploring how social changes and innovations in communication technology are transforming the information expectations and preferences of citizens. It is the first work to bring together theories of civic identity change with research on civic organizations. Specifically, it argues that a shift in information styles may help to explain the disjuncture felt by many young people when it comes to institutional participation and politics. The book theorizes two paradigms of information style: a dutiful style, which was rooted in the society, communication system and citizen norms of the modern era, and an actualizing style, which constitutes the set of information practices and expectations of the young citizens of late modernity for whom interactive digital media are the norm. Hypothesizing that civil society institutions have difficulty adapting to the norms and practices of the actualizing information style, two empirical studies apply the dutiful/actualizing framework to innovative content analyses of organizations’ online communications—on their websites, and through Facebook. Results demonstrate that with intriguing exceptions, most major civil society organizations use digital media more in line with dutiful information norms than actualizing ones: they tend to broadcast strategic messages to an audience of receivers, rather than encouraging participation or exchange among an active set of participants. The book concludes with a discussion of the tensions inherent in bureaucratic organizations trying to adapt to an actualizing information style, and recommendations for how they may more successfully do so.
Thomas D. Beamish
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780804784429
- eISBN:
- 9780804794657
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804784429.003.0006
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
The Conclusion provides a synoptic comparative account of the book’s findings, arguments, and conclusions. The focus is what an analysis of local civics politics lends to an understanding of risk ...
More
The Conclusion provides a synoptic comparative account of the book’s findings, arguments, and conclusions. The focus is what an analysis of local civics politics lends to an understanding of risk disputes. Importantly, the Conclusion, in focusing on the civic politics of risk, shows that common political rhetoric(s) such as claims to democracy, due process, progress, and justice can mean very different things in different civic contexts that hold considerable consequence for understanding what is and is not an acceptable risk. The same terms can mean very different things given social, historical, and material legacies and the civics and discourse that locally predominate. The Conclusion also reiterates the contribution that Community at Risk makes to an impressive stock of knowledge concerning risk management, perception, and dispute, as well as civic politics, organization, and community studies. The Conclusion’s intervention is, however, equal parts new findings and synthesis.Less
The Conclusion provides a synoptic comparative account of the book’s findings, arguments, and conclusions. The focus is what an analysis of local civics politics lends to an understanding of risk disputes. Importantly, the Conclusion, in focusing on the civic politics of risk, shows that common political rhetoric(s) such as claims to democracy, due process, progress, and justice can mean very different things in different civic contexts that hold considerable consequence for understanding what is and is not an acceptable risk. The same terms can mean very different things given social, historical, and material legacies and the civics and discourse that locally predominate. The Conclusion also reiterates the contribution that Community at Risk makes to an impressive stock of knowledge concerning risk management, perception, and dispute, as well as civic politics, organization, and community studies. The Conclusion’s intervention is, however, equal parts new findings and synthesis.
Chris Wells
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780190203610
- eISBN:
- 9780190203658
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190203610.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
The book’s final chapter builds on its empirical findings to ask: how do we reconcile a civic-political system fundamentally rooted in institutional bureaucracy with a society whose citizens ...
More
The book’s final chapter builds on its empirical findings to ask: how do we reconcile a civic-political system fundamentally rooted in institutional bureaucracy with a society whose citizens increasingly display the characteristics and preferences of networked individualism? Many recent accounts have tended to valorize apparently spontaneous, “leaderless” movements without always accounting for the important aspect of organizing performed by organizations; this leads to the further question of how young citizens can both be inspired by autonomous engagement opportunities but also take part of those opportunities alongside organizational structures that can offer inputs into the political decision-making process. The chapter also describes the book’s contribution to several literatures, and especially its development of the communication dynamics in contemporary engagement.Less
The book’s final chapter builds on its empirical findings to ask: how do we reconcile a civic-political system fundamentally rooted in institutional bureaucracy with a society whose citizens increasingly display the characteristics and preferences of networked individualism? Many recent accounts have tended to valorize apparently spontaneous, “leaderless” movements without always accounting for the important aspect of organizing performed by organizations; this leads to the further question of how young citizens can both be inspired by autonomous engagement opportunities but also take part of those opportunities alongside organizational structures that can offer inputs into the political decision-making process. The chapter also describes the book’s contribution to several literatures, and especially its development of the communication dynamics in contemporary engagement.
Jytte Klausen
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199231980
- eISBN:
- 9780191696534
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231980.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The voices in this book belong to parliamentarians, city councilors, doctors and engineers, a few professors, lawyers and social workers, owners of small businesses, translators, and community ...
More
The voices in this book belong to parliamentarians, city councilors, doctors and engineers, a few professors, lawyers and social workers, owners of small businesses, translators, and community activists. They are also all Muslims who have decided to become engaged in political and civic organisations or Europe's new Muslim political elite. It is for this reason that they are always in a situation where they have to constantly explain themselves, mostly in order to say who they are not. They are not fundamentalists, not terrorists, and they mostly do not support the introduction of Islamic religious law in Europe, especially the application or even introduction of such to Christians. This book is about who these people are and what they want.Less
The voices in this book belong to parliamentarians, city councilors, doctors and engineers, a few professors, lawyers and social workers, owners of small businesses, translators, and community activists. They are also all Muslims who have decided to become engaged in political and civic organisations or Europe's new Muslim political elite. It is for this reason that they are always in a situation where they have to constantly explain themselves, mostly in order to say who they are not. They are not fundamentalists, not terrorists, and they mostly do not support the introduction of Islamic religious law in Europe, especially the application or even introduction of such to Christians. This book is about who these people are and what they want.
Jeff Mielke
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520241343
- eISBN:
- 9780520930995
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520241343.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
Robert Putnam in his fifth chapter of Making Democracy Work argued that the origins of civic society in modern Italy can be traced back to the age of communes in the northern and central regions. ...
More
Robert Putnam in his fifth chapter of Making Democracy Work argued that the origins of civic society in modern Italy can be traced back to the age of communes in the northern and central regions. These republican regimes were characterised by a high degree of cooperation and collaboration among their members. They were marked by an atmosphere of mutual trust which was crucial for the survival and the achievement of common goals and an egalitarian ethos based upon horizontal social bonds. These regimes also paved the way for other civic organizations. This chapter discusses the civic traditions of premodern Italy. It focuses on the civic organizations and voluntary associations that emerged in pre-Revolutionary Italy. These organizations did not have political agendas nor any significant influence on princes and their administrators. They were only built due to their determination to maintain traditional privileges. It was only in the revolutionary era that Italy underwent a radical overhaul in its political and socioeconomic structures. It was only in this period that tentative efforts were made for the establishment of a civil society. This process was painfully slow and halting in a country whose citizens viewed the state as a “hostile presence because of its identification of the land owners, the tax-collectors, and the carabiniere and because of the paucity of intermediary strata attached to the values of the state”. Even though the associations formed before and after the unification aided in the emergence of a civil society, the assumption of “any simple correlation among voluntary associations, civil society, and liberal democracy is hardly warranted”.Less
Robert Putnam in his fifth chapter of Making Democracy Work argued that the origins of civic society in modern Italy can be traced back to the age of communes in the northern and central regions. These republican regimes were characterised by a high degree of cooperation and collaboration among their members. They were marked by an atmosphere of mutual trust which was crucial for the survival and the achievement of common goals and an egalitarian ethos based upon horizontal social bonds. These regimes also paved the way for other civic organizations. This chapter discusses the civic traditions of premodern Italy. It focuses on the civic organizations and voluntary associations that emerged in pre-Revolutionary Italy. These organizations did not have political agendas nor any significant influence on princes and their administrators. They were only built due to their determination to maintain traditional privileges. It was only in the revolutionary era that Italy underwent a radical overhaul in its political and socioeconomic structures. It was only in this period that tentative efforts were made for the establishment of a civil society. This process was painfully slow and halting in a country whose citizens viewed the state as a “hostile presence because of its identification of the land owners, the tax-collectors, and the carabiniere and because of the paucity of intermediary strata attached to the values of the state”. Even though the associations formed before and after the unification aided in the emergence of a civil society, the assumption of “any simple correlation among voluntary associations, civil society, and liberal democracy is hardly warranted”.
Christopher F. Karpowitz and Tali Mendelberg
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691159751
- eISBN:
- 9781400852697
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691159751.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
This chapter explores how women are the “silent sex,” in a manner of speaking. In the settings that characterize most arenas of politics and public affairs, and in many other formal discussions that ...
More
This chapter explores how women are the “silent sex,” in a manner of speaking. In the settings that characterize most arenas of politics and public affairs, and in many other formal discussions that take place in civic organizations, work teams, and other common venues, women are not a majority, and the norm of interaction has masculine characteristics. Numbers and norms of interaction combine to deter women from fully expressing their thoughts. The chapter looks for clues to explain why women overcome the difficulties when they are placed in other circumstances. The evidence presented points toward several aspects of gender as culprits. Most importantly, confidence has much to do with women's relative quiescence.Less
This chapter explores how women are the “silent sex,” in a manner of speaking. In the settings that characterize most arenas of politics and public affairs, and in many other formal discussions that take place in civic organizations, work teams, and other common venues, women are not a majority, and the norm of interaction has masculine characteristics. Numbers and norms of interaction combine to deter women from fully expressing their thoughts. The chapter looks for clues to explain why women overcome the difficulties when they are placed in other circumstances. The evidence presented points toward several aspects of gender as culprits. Most importantly, confidence has much to do with women's relative quiescence.
Els de Graauw
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501700187
- eISBN:
- 9781501703492
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501700187.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter studies nonprofit organizations as contemporary agents of the movement for immigrant rights and immigrant integration. Through cross-historical and cross-organizational comparisons with ...
More
This chapter studies nonprofit organizations as contemporary agents of the movement for immigrant rights and immigrant integration. Through cross-historical and cross-organizational comparisons with political parties, labor unions, and churches, the chapter draws on how the activism of immigrant-serving nonprofits can be distinguished from that of other types of civic organizations. Contemporary immigrant-serving nonprofits are set apart by the lack of political and financial resources with which they can influence the political process. These constraints, however, do not necessarily prevent immigrant-serving nonprofits from taking an active role in local political affairs. The chapter shows that these nonprofits' expertise on immigrant communities is their most valuable resource, and that city administrative officials are their most common advocacy targets and collaborators.Less
This chapter studies nonprofit organizations as contemporary agents of the movement for immigrant rights and immigrant integration. Through cross-historical and cross-organizational comparisons with political parties, labor unions, and churches, the chapter draws on how the activism of immigrant-serving nonprofits can be distinguished from that of other types of civic organizations. Contemporary immigrant-serving nonprofits are set apart by the lack of political and financial resources with which they can influence the political process. These constraints, however, do not necessarily prevent immigrant-serving nonprofits from taking an active role in local political affairs. The chapter shows that these nonprofits' expertise on immigrant communities is their most valuable resource, and that city administrative officials are their most common advocacy targets and collaborators.
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226660790
- eISBN:
- 9780226660783
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226660783.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
To begin the search for the democratic imagination, we need to think strategically. Where should we look for citizens who, though they appear to be similar, think and behave differently from one ...
More
To begin the search for the democratic imagination, we need to think strategically. Where should we look for citizens who, though they appear to be similar, think and behave differently from one another when it comes to politics? Where, that is, can we find a diverse collection of democratic imaginations to examine and catalog? To assemble groups for political discussions—the central method behind this book—we need some clues about where to find them. This chapter takes stock of what we know about the settings for democratic discourse before we set out in search of the democratic imagination. It offers support for earlier studies suggesting that individual-level education and income are strong predictors of political participation. Involvement in nonpolitical civic organizations, too, makes people more likely to participate in political activity—particularly the active citizenship represented by the measure of difficult political participation.Less
To begin the search for the democratic imagination, we need to think strategically. Where should we look for citizens who, though they appear to be similar, think and behave differently from one another when it comes to politics? Where, that is, can we find a diverse collection of democratic imaginations to examine and catalog? To assemble groups for political discussions—the central method behind this book—we need some clues about where to find them. This chapter takes stock of what we know about the settings for democratic discourse before we set out in search of the democratic imagination. It offers support for earlier studies suggesting that individual-level education and income are strong predictors of political participation. Involvement in nonpolitical civic organizations, too, makes people more likely to participate in political activity—particularly the active citizenship represented by the measure of difficult political participation.
Thomas D. Beamish
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780804784429
- eISBN:
- 9780804794657
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804784429.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
Chapter 1 explains the theoretical backdrop and analytical framework that organize the book’s analysis. The chapter begins by outlining contemporary conditions in risk society where societal ...
More
Chapter 1 explains the theoretical backdrop and analytical framework that organize the book’s analysis. The chapter begins by outlining contemporary conditions in risk society where societal relations among civil society, government, and industry have been transformed in the twenty-first-century United States. In this context, risk and its management at the individual, local, and national levels have become the predominant concerns and bases for “risk dispute.” Chapter 1 also describes how previous scholarship has theorized risk management and risk perception, as well as civic and community engagement and risk dispute. The chapter ends with how Community at Risk contributes to this and related areas of research.Less
Chapter 1 explains the theoretical backdrop and analytical framework that organize the book’s analysis. The chapter begins by outlining contemporary conditions in risk society where societal relations among civil society, government, and industry have been transformed in the twenty-first-century United States. In this context, risk and its management at the individual, local, and national levels have become the predominant concerns and bases for “risk dispute.” Chapter 1 also describes how previous scholarship has theorized risk management and risk perception, as well as civic and community engagement and risk dispute. The chapter ends with how Community at Risk contributes to this and related areas of research.
Thomas D. Beamish
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780804784429
- eISBN:
- 9780804794657
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804784429.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
The anthrax attacks of 2001 provoked deep concern and urgency among U.S. security elites regarding bioterrorism. Coming after 9/11 and followed by the successive menace of West Nile virus, SARS, ...
More
The anthrax attacks of 2001 provoked deep concern and urgency among U.S. security elites regarding bioterrorism. Coming after 9/11 and followed by the successive menace of West Nile virus, SARS, avian influenza, and most recently Ebola these events prompted the federal government to pursue an aggressive new biodefense agenda. Even given the purported menace of bio-catastrophe, however, the new federal risk management plans stirred controversy. Community at Risk provides a comparative view of that controversy as it ensued in three communities where universities sought to host and manage National Biocontainment Laboratories (NBL) on behalf of the federal government. NBLs are a cornerstone of federal biodefense plans; they are ultrasecure laboratories where research on the most dangerous diseases can be conducted and microbiological and biomedical applications can be rapidly developed and deployed. By comparing community responses, the book highlights the role that local civic political dynamics play in defining what is at stake and perceptions of acceptable and unacceptable risk. It explains the civic politics of risk as rooted in locally shared governance conventions, politicized relations, and resonant virtues that clustered in each community context as a prevailing civics and discourse. In one community, the prevailing civics and discourse helped to ease locals toward acceptance, while in the other two communities, they helped to intensify skepticism and risk dispute. Through comparative analysis, the book shows why societal attempts to manage risk require greater attention to the local level where public understanding is often forged and political engagement arises and unfolds.Less
The anthrax attacks of 2001 provoked deep concern and urgency among U.S. security elites regarding bioterrorism. Coming after 9/11 and followed by the successive menace of West Nile virus, SARS, avian influenza, and most recently Ebola these events prompted the federal government to pursue an aggressive new biodefense agenda. Even given the purported menace of bio-catastrophe, however, the new federal risk management plans stirred controversy. Community at Risk provides a comparative view of that controversy as it ensued in three communities where universities sought to host and manage National Biocontainment Laboratories (NBL) on behalf of the federal government. NBLs are a cornerstone of federal biodefense plans; they are ultrasecure laboratories where research on the most dangerous diseases can be conducted and microbiological and biomedical applications can be rapidly developed and deployed. By comparing community responses, the book highlights the role that local civic political dynamics play in defining what is at stake and perceptions of acceptable and unacceptable risk. It explains the civic politics of risk as rooted in locally shared governance conventions, politicized relations, and resonant virtues that clustered in each community context as a prevailing civics and discourse. In one community, the prevailing civics and discourse helped to ease locals toward acceptance, while in the other two communities, they helped to intensify skepticism and risk dispute. Through comparative analysis, the book shows why societal attempts to manage risk require greater attention to the local level where public understanding is often forged and political engagement arises and unfolds.
Kim Bobo and Marién Casillas Pabellón
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781501704475
- eISBN:
- 9781501705892
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501704475.003.0026
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This chapter explains how worker centers can combine social services and organizing using a model called “functional organizing.” As most worker centers grow and develop, their members want a variety ...
More
This chapter explains how worker centers can combine social services and organizing using a model called “functional organizing.” As most worker centers grow and develop, their members want a variety of services and programs. Worker-leaders will often plan programs to meet their needs, while directors looking for funding for growing and building the centers have an easier time finding social service program funds than general support or organizing funds. As a result, many centers have a complex mix of social services and organizing. This chapter looks at Peter Murray’s article, “The Secret of Scale,” in which he discusses the core components of growing large-scale civic organizations and offers suggestions for organizations that want to launch a functional organizing model. It also considers the challenges faced by worker center members and how the organization might create programs to address them and monetize some of the solutions.Less
This chapter explains how worker centers can combine social services and organizing using a model called “functional organizing.” As most worker centers grow and develop, their members want a variety of services and programs. Worker-leaders will often plan programs to meet their needs, while directors looking for funding for growing and building the centers have an easier time finding social service program funds than general support or organizing funds. As a result, many centers have a complex mix of social services and organizing. This chapter looks at Peter Murray’s article, “The Secret of Scale,” in which he discusses the core components of growing large-scale civic organizations and offers suggestions for organizations that want to launch a functional organizing model. It also considers the challenges faced by worker center members and how the organization might create programs to address them and monetize some of the solutions.
Melina Pappademos
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807834909
- eISBN:
- 9781469602769
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9780807869178_pappademos.9
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This chapter shows how black leaders and civic activists advanced the idea that refinement, patriarchy, and bourgeois respectability should be the basis of Cuban leadership, irrespective of a ...
More
This chapter shows how black leaders and civic activists advanced the idea that refinement, patriarchy, and bourgeois respectability should be the basis of Cuban leadership, irrespective of a leader's race. Black civic organizations promoted this ideology and enabled black leaders' public performance of the cultural practices that reinforced their political authority. Dr. Miguel Angel Cespedes, a politician and board member of Union Fraternal, one of the largest black civic organizations in Cuba—and brother of Emilio Cespedes Casado—advocated for the use of education to modernize and uplift aspiring blacks. In November 1914, he proposed to use the club's salons to create a “Popular University,” “in the French tradition [of learned institutions] that today are founded in all nations of great culture.”Less
This chapter shows how black leaders and civic activists advanced the idea that refinement, patriarchy, and bourgeois respectability should be the basis of Cuban leadership, irrespective of a leader's race. Black civic organizations promoted this ideology and enabled black leaders' public performance of the cultural practices that reinforced their political authority. Dr. Miguel Angel Cespedes, a politician and board member of Union Fraternal, one of the largest black civic organizations in Cuba—and brother of Emilio Cespedes Casado—advocated for the use of education to modernize and uplift aspiring blacks. In November 1914, he proposed to use the club's salons to create a “Popular University,” “in the French tradition [of learned institutions] that today are founded in all nations of great culture.”
Sally Mayall Brasher
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781526119285
- eISBN:
- 9781526128393
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526119285.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
Chapter five examines the process of greater secularization in the management of the facilities and attempts by the church officials to reassert control and authority over these groups in the late ...
More
Chapter five examines the process of greater secularization in the management of the facilities and attempts by the church officials to reassert control and authority over these groups in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. The endemic conflict between and within cities, and with the institutional church and imperial powers, resulted in a politicization of all civic organizations, but in particular of the administration of the hospital. Institutional mismanagement and even corruption resulted as the pious impulse was politicized. Efforts by the ecclesiastical authorities to combat this degeneration were frustrated by their own inability keep a clean house. At the same time, civic authorities who, increasingly needed the social services offered by the hospital and hoped to profit from the income of the facilities, worked to appropriate control and authority over the institutions.Less
Chapter five examines the process of greater secularization in the management of the facilities and attempts by the church officials to reassert control and authority over these groups in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. The endemic conflict between and within cities, and with the institutional church and imperial powers, resulted in a politicization of all civic organizations, but in particular of the administration of the hospital. Institutional mismanagement and even corruption resulted as the pious impulse was politicized. Efforts by the ecclesiastical authorities to combat this degeneration were frustrated by their own inability keep a clean house. At the same time, civic authorities who, increasingly needed the social services offered by the hospital and hoped to profit from the income of the facilities, worked to appropriate control and authority over the institutions.
Timothy Hyde
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816678105
- eISBN:
- 9781452947938
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816678105.003.0003
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural History
This chapter focuses on the political aspect of national planning. It provides an overview of the Patronato Pro-Urbanismo (Pro-Urban Association), a new civic organization. The Patronato initiated an ...
More
This chapter focuses on the political aspect of national planning. It provides an overview of the Patronato Pro-Urbanismo (Pro-Urban Association), a new civic organization. The Patronato initiated an appeal for a synthetic program of planning to be instituted under the authority of a national planning law. The group’s manifesto pointed out that nine of the articles of the new constitution either required or presupposed regulatory activities commensurate with the concept of planning. Through professionally diverse and influential membership, the Patronato conducted a systematic publicity campaign in support of national planning, a campaign that explicitly linked planning to civic reform. The Patronato’s prospectus aims to encourage patriotism and to produce, as a correlate to planning, a civic consciousness.Less
This chapter focuses on the political aspect of national planning. It provides an overview of the Patronato Pro-Urbanismo (Pro-Urban Association), a new civic organization. The Patronato initiated an appeal for a synthetic program of planning to be instituted under the authority of a national planning law. The group’s manifesto pointed out that nine of the articles of the new constitution either required or presupposed regulatory activities commensurate with the concept of planning. Through professionally diverse and influential membership, the Patronato conducted a systematic publicity campaign in support of national planning, a campaign that explicitly linked planning to civic reform. The Patronato’s prospectus aims to encourage patriotism and to produce, as a correlate to planning, a civic consciousness.
Nicholas Cahill
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300084955
- eISBN:
- 9780300133004
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300084955.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This book explains the relationships between house and city, between household and community, as they were worked out in practice at Olynthus in northern Greece. This polis was occupied for a short ...
More
This book explains the relationships between house and city, between household and community, as they were worked out in practice at Olynthus in northern Greece. This polis was occupied for a short period of time, for eighty-four years at the most, and was then violently destroyed, leaving tens of thousands of artifacts on the final floors of its houses, and for the most part never reoccupied. A large part of the city was excavated between 1928 and 1938 by David M. Robinson, who published his findings in fourteen massive volumes. Only at Olynthus can the remains of a planned city occupied for less than three generations, and so relatively unmodified by later rebuilding, be studied, and the architecture of houses but also their contents as well, with well-preserved assemblages on the final destruction floors, be considered. The neighborhood and regional planning of the city are analyzed; its house blocks are considered as not only physical units of civic organization but social units as well, and larger regional patterns in the city are evaluated. Thus, the archaeology of Olynthus offers a fuller and richer picture of Greek domestic and civic life than almost any other Greek site.Less
This book explains the relationships between house and city, between household and community, as they were worked out in practice at Olynthus in northern Greece. This polis was occupied for a short period of time, for eighty-four years at the most, and was then violently destroyed, leaving tens of thousands of artifacts on the final floors of its houses, and for the most part never reoccupied. A large part of the city was excavated between 1928 and 1938 by David M. Robinson, who published his findings in fourteen massive volumes. Only at Olynthus can the remains of a planned city occupied for less than three generations, and so relatively unmodified by later rebuilding, be studied, and the architecture of houses but also their contents as well, with well-preserved assemblages on the final destruction floors, be considered. The neighborhood and regional planning of the city are analyzed; its house blocks are considered as not only physical units of civic organization but social units as well, and larger regional patterns in the city are evaluated. Thus, the archaeology of Olynthus offers a fuller and richer picture of Greek domestic and civic life than almost any other Greek site.
Amanda I. Seligman
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226385716
- eISBN:
- 9780226385990
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226385990.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Political History
Chicagoans have participated in block clubs for a century. Block clubs are small, geographically-based, voluntary organizations dedicated to improving the physical environment and regulating public ...
More
Chicagoans have participated in block clubs for a century. Block clubs are small, geographically-based, voluntary organizations dedicated to improving the physical environment and regulating public behavior. Through extensive archival work in fragmented sources, this book reconstructs block clubs’ history. Block clubs are common in Chicago, the focus of this study, but have also appeared in many other American cities. Although the National Urban League, an African American organization, pioneered the form in black neighborhoods in the early twentieth century, after World War II Chicagoans of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds readily joined block clubs across the city. These organizations conduct a variety of locally-directed activities, including cleaning up streets and alleys, transforming vacant lots into gardens and playgrounds, throwing parties, and preventing crime. Block clubs make it possible to trace the contours of urbanites’ relationships with local government and to discover how residents manage spaces that they do not legally control. Finally, this book concludes that “neighboring” should be considered a key analytical category of urban scholarship.Less
Chicagoans have participated in block clubs for a century. Block clubs are small, geographically-based, voluntary organizations dedicated to improving the physical environment and regulating public behavior. Through extensive archival work in fragmented sources, this book reconstructs block clubs’ history. Block clubs are common in Chicago, the focus of this study, but have also appeared in many other American cities. Although the National Urban League, an African American organization, pioneered the form in black neighborhoods in the early twentieth century, after World War II Chicagoans of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds readily joined block clubs across the city. These organizations conduct a variety of locally-directed activities, including cleaning up streets and alleys, transforming vacant lots into gardens and playgrounds, throwing parties, and preventing crime. Block clubs make it possible to trace the contours of urbanites’ relationships with local government and to discover how residents manage spaces that they do not legally control. Finally, this book concludes that “neighboring” should be considered a key analytical category of urban scholarship.
Ethelene Whitmire
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038501
- eISBN:
- 9780252096419
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038501.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter focuses on Regina's involvement with civic organizations, including associated international travels. Throughout her tour of various Asian countries, Regina concentrated on meeting women ...
More
This chapter focuses on Regina's involvement with civic organizations, including associated international travels. Throughout her tour of various Asian countries, Regina concentrated on meeting women and hearing about the social, educational, and economic issues and concerns that impacted their lives. She also visited libraries and discussed the work that she was doing for both the National Council of Women of the United States (NCWUS) and the community programs sponsored by her Washington Heights Branch. This was a perfect opportunity for Regina to make a bigger, international impact as her library career was drawing to a reluctant close. Not surprisingly, Regina's greatest concern as she approached retirement was the future of her Family Night at the Library program.Less
This chapter focuses on Regina's involvement with civic organizations, including associated international travels. Throughout her tour of various Asian countries, Regina concentrated on meeting women and hearing about the social, educational, and economic issues and concerns that impacted their lives. She also visited libraries and discussed the work that she was doing for both the National Council of Women of the United States (NCWUS) and the community programs sponsored by her Washington Heights Branch. This was a perfect opportunity for Regina to make a bigger, international impact as her library career was drawing to a reluctant close. Not surprisingly, Regina's greatest concern as she approached retirement was the future of her Family Night at the Library program.
Karla W. Simon
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199765898
- eISBN:
- 9780199332540
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199765898.003.0011
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This chapter examines the various rules and regulations developed either at the national level or in some localities. These include the local volunteer regulations adopted in various cities beginning ...
More
This chapter examines the various rules and regulations developed either at the national level or in some localities. These include the local volunteer regulations adopted in various cities beginning with Guangdong, in 2008 in advance of the Beijing Olympics, and in other cities as well; testing of a documentation system for Community Civic Organizations (CCOs) in various cities and counties beginning in 2002; the 2004 accounting regulations for civil society organizations (CSOs); the attempt to write a charity law, which commenced in 2005; the local experiments with single level registration processes (the agreement signed, for example, with Shenzhen in 2007); and the 2010 Yunnan regulations on foreign organizations.Less
This chapter examines the various rules and regulations developed either at the national level or in some localities. These include the local volunteer regulations adopted in various cities beginning with Guangdong, in 2008 in advance of the Beijing Olympics, and in other cities as well; testing of a documentation system for Community Civic Organizations (CCOs) in various cities and counties beginning in 2002; the 2004 accounting regulations for civil society organizations (CSOs); the attempt to write a charity law, which commenced in 2005; the local experiments with single level registration processes (the agreement signed, for example, with Shenzhen in 2007); and the 2010 Yunnan regulations on foreign organizations.
