Daniel Mendelsohn
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199249565
- eISBN:
- 9780191719356
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199249565.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Plays and Playwrights: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This book is a study of Euripides' so-called ‘political plays’ (Children of Herakles and Suppliant Women). Still disdained as the anomalously patriotic or propagandistic works of a playwright ...
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This book is a study of Euripides' so-called ‘political plays’ (Children of Herakles and Suppliant Women). Still disdained as the anomalously patriotic or propagandistic works of a playwright elsewhere famous for his subversive, ironic, artistic ethos, the two works in question — notorious for their uncomfortable juxtaposition of political speeches and scenes of extreme feminine emotion — continue to be dismissed by scholars of tragedy as artistic failures unworthy of the author of Medea, Hippolytus, and Bacchae. This study makes use of recent insights into classical Greek conceptions of gender (in real life and on stage) and Athenian notions of civic identity to demonstrate that the political plays are, in fact, intellectually subtle and structurally coherent exercises in political theorizing — works that use complex interactions between female and male characters to explore the advantages, and costs, of being a member of the polis.Less
This book is a study of Euripides' so-called ‘political plays’ (Children of Herakles and Suppliant Women). Still disdained as the anomalously patriotic or propagandistic works of a playwright elsewhere famous for his subversive, ironic, artistic ethos, the two works in question — notorious for their uncomfortable juxtaposition of political speeches and scenes of extreme feminine emotion — continue to be dismissed by scholars of tragedy as artistic failures unworthy of the author of Medea, Hippolytus, and Bacchae. This study makes use of recent insights into classical Greek conceptions of gender (in real life and on stage) and Athenian notions of civic identity to demonstrate that the political plays are, in fact, intellectually subtle and structurally coherent exercises in political theorizing — works that use complex interactions between female and male characters to explore the advantages, and costs, of being a member of the polis.
Katrina Navickas
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199559671
- eISBN:
- 9780191721120
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199559671.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter discusses aspects of patriotism, particularly the role of the volunteer corps and patriotic propaganda. Civic patriotism provided an arena within which social and political tensions ...
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This chapter discusses aspects of patriotism, particularly the role of the volunteer corps and patriotic propaganda. Civic patriotism provided an arena within which social and political tensions manifested themselves rather than were resolved. It surveys the motivations for volunteering and the impact the invasion scares had upon inhabitants' geographical identities. It shows how local authorities used the invasion scares to boost their own civic identity as well as demonstrate their patriotism. This attempt to gain hegemony over the meaning of patriotism riled radicals and others who felt equally under threat by the French. The chapter also analyzes local patriotic literature, including a rethinking of the popular dialect ballad, ‘Jone o'Grinfilt’. It argues that the Napoleonic Wars fostered a distinctive ‘Lancashire Britishness’.Less
This chapter discusses aspects of patriotism, particularly the role of the volunteer corps and patriotic propaganda. Civic patriotism provided an arena within which social and political tensions manifested themselves rather than were resolved. It surveys the motivations for volunteering and the impact the invasion scares had upon inhabitants' geographical identities. It shows how local authorities used the invasion scares to boost their own civic identity as well as demonstrate their patriotism. This attempt to gain hegemony over the meaning of patriotism riled radicals and others who felt equally under threat by the French. The chapter also analyzes local patriotic literature, including a rethinking of the popular dialect ballad, ‘Jone o'Grinfilt’. It argues that the Napoleonic Wars fostered a distinctive ‘Lancashire Britishness’.
Rosemary Sweet
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198206699
- eISBN:
- 9780191677281
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206699.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter discusses the issues of civic identity, urban consciousness, and urban culture. It demonstrates how customs, rituals, traditions, and combinations of local circumstances and historical ...
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This chapter discusses the issues of civic identity, urban consciousness, and urban culture. It demonstrates how customs, rituals, traditions, and combinations of local circumstances and historical precedents generated a sense of urban identity which could find expression in urban histories in many towns. Urban histories were based upon the conception of the town as a unitary body and the assumption that there was a kind of civic ideal with which all the inhabitants could identify and a common culture to which they belonged. This chapter also suggests that in urban histories, there is strong proof of a provincial urban identity which could co-exist with an increasing sense of national identity and the development of a middle-class consciousness.Less
This chapter discusses the issues of civic identity, urban consciousness, and urban culture. It demonstrates how customs, rituals, traditions, and combinations of local circumstances and historical precedents generated a sense of urban identity which could find expression in urban histories in many towns. Urban histories were based upon the conception of the town as a unitary body and the assumption that there was a kind of civic ideal with which all the inhabitants could identify and a common culture to which they belonged. This chapter also suggests that in urban histories, there is strong proof of a provincial urban identity which could co-exist with an increasing sense of national identity and the development of a middle-class consciousness.
Christopher Stroup
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780300247893
- eISBN:
- 9780300252187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300247893.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the importance of ethnicity and ethnic rhetoric to the formation of ancient Christian identity. The cities of the Roman Empire were filled with gods ...
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the importance of ethnicity and ethnic rhetoric to the formation of ancient Christian identity. The cities of the Roman Empire were filled with gods and the citizens who honored them with festivals, processions, buildings, and benefactions. The followers of Jesus—later called Christians—lived and moved in these cities, navigating avenues lined with statues honoring various deities, organizing their days and months around the feast days that structured civic calendars, and wandering past (and through) the many temples and shrines that populated the busy urban landscape. The importance of this urban context should not be overlooked: civic, ethnic, and religious identities were intertwined with these visible, material, and practical signs of communal life, wherever one was placed within the city's bustling topography. Connections between life in the city and daily religious practices were therefore fundamental to the development of Christian identity. This book then compares the literary construction of Jewish and Christian identity in Acts of the Apostles with the material construction of various ethnic and civic identities by inhabitants of Roman-era cities. It argues that Acts represents Jewish identity as hybrid and multiple in order to situate the earliest Christians within the Greco-Roman city as members of an ideal Jewish community, which was both ancestral and accepted in the city.Less
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the importance of ethnicity and ethnic rhetoric to the formation of ancient Christian identity. The cities of the Roman Empire were filled with gods and the citizens who honored them with festivals, processions, buildings, and benefactions. The followers of Jesus—later called Christians—lived and moved in these cities, navigating avenues lined with statues honoring various deities, organizing their days and months around the feast days that structured civic calendars, and wandering past (and through) the many temples and shrines that populated the busy urban landscape. The importance of this urban context should not be overlooked: civic, ethnic, and religious identities were intertwined with these visible, material, and practical signs of communal life, wherever one was placed within the city's bustling topography. Connections between life in the city and daily religious practices were therefore fundamental to the development of Christian identity. This book then compares the literary construction of Jewish and Christian identity in Acts of the Apostles with the material construction of various ethnic and civic identities by inhabitants of Roman-era cities. It argues that Acts represents Jewish identity as hybrid and multiple in order to situate the earliest Christians within the Greco-Roman city as members of an ideal Jewish community, which was both ancestral and accepted in the city.
Susan R. Holman
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195139129
- eISBN:
- 9780199834310
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195139127.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter concludes that the Cappadocian texts on poverty view the poor, and construct an image of the poor they view, within that constantly dynamic space between civic identity and social ...
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This chapter concludes that the Cappadocian texts on poverty view the poor, and construct an image of the poor they view, within that constantly dynamic space between civic identity and social obligations (“the courtyard”) and the numenal stillpoint, identity, and identification with, the divine (“the altar”) in late antiquity. It brings together the themes of previous chapters by exploring Gregory of Nazianzus's sermon “On his Father's Silence,” preached to an angry mob threatening violence after hail destroyed the harvest. In summarizing the book, this chapter concludes that, although the Cappadocian texts on poverty do not necessarily represent all Christian voices of their age, they do represent a vital piece in the history of poverty relief and the Christianization of Graeco‐Roman culture. Finally, Basil and the Gregories were pivotal authors in establishing Nicene theology and Christology as Christian “orthodoxy”, and their views of the poor body as divine and incarnate provide a provocative example of this relationship of theology to social ethics.Less
This chapter concludes that the Cappadocian texts on poverty view the poor, and construct an image of the poor they view, within that constantly dynamic space between civic identity and social obligations (“the courtyard”) and the numenal stillpoint, identity, and identification with, the divine (“the altar”) in late antiquity. It brings together the themes of previous chapters by exploring Gregory of Nazianzus's sermon “On his Father's Silence,” preached to an angry mob threatening violence after hail destroyed the harvest. In summarizing the book, this chapter concludes that, although the Cappadocian texts on poverty do not necessarily represent all Christian voices of their age, they do represent a vital piece in the history of poverty relief and the Christianization of Graeco‐Roman culture. Finally, Basil and the Gregories were pivotal authors in establishing Nicene theology and Christology as Christian “orthodoxy”, and their views of the poor body as divine and incarnate provide a provocative example of this relationship of theology to social ethics.
Kathryn Gleadle
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264492
- eISBN:
- 9780191734274
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264492.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Within their communities, women could act as authoritative public figures in ways that were strikingly at odds with the highly feminized modes of action with which they were associated in the wider ...
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Within their communities, women could act as authoritative public figures in ways that were strikingly at odds with the highly feminized modes of action with which they were associated in the wider ‘public sphere’ of national campaigns. Gender was always central to individual identity and social interaction, yet in these contexts it was a less obvious predictor of public engagement. Studying the multifarious constructions of women's local personas enables us to focus upon the varying salience of gender in the experiences and representations of publicly active women. This chapter explores the various sites of the ‘parochial realm’, a term used to denote situations characterized by daily, local interaction and personal communication. It focuses on three themes in particular: female economic agency, women's cultural activities, and female philanthropy. Finally, it discusses women's economic activities and local profiles, female philanthropy in relation to politics and community, cultural authority and civic identity, and the significance of female householders as political agents.Less
Within their communities, women could act as authoritative public figures in ways that were strikingly at odds with the highly feminized modes of action with which they were associated in the wider ‘public sphere’ of national campaigns. Gender was always central to individual identity and social interaction, yet in these contexts it was a less obvious predictor of public engagement. Studying the multifarious constructions of women's local personas enables us to focus upon the varying salience of gender in the experiences and representations of publicly active women. This chapter explores the various sites of the ‘parochial realm’, a term used to denote situations characterized by daily, local interaction and personal communication. It focuses on three themes in particular: female economic agency, women's cultural activities, and female philanthropy. Finally, it discusses women's economic activities and local profiles, female philanthropy in relation to politics and community, cultural authority and civic identity, and the significance of female householders as political agents.
P. M. Fraser
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780197264287
- eISBN:
- 9780191753978
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264287.003.0002
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
An analysis of the civic and regional terminology of Greek communal life, and especially the use of the term τὸ ἐθνικόν, is an essential preliminary to understanding how the Greeks considered ...
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An analysis of the civic and regional terminology of Greek communal life, and especially the use of the term τὸ ἐθνικόν, is an essential preliminary to understanding how the Greeks considered national and civic identity once the regular framework of polis-life was established. With the development of grammatical and linguistic analysis, words denoting membership of a community were called ἐθνικά, the nominal adjectival form which we find regularly in Stephanus of Byzantium and in lexica: τὸ ἐθνικόν (ὁ) δεῖνα. The history of the term formed a distinct branch of the traditional studies of the grammarians and lexicographers. This chapter is concerned with the ethnic significance of the adjective as a term used to denote nationality or origin (in the Greek sense), but inevitably it takes account of other meanings of the term when necessary.Less
An analysis of the civic and regional terminology of Greek communal life, and especially the use of the term τὸ ἐθνικόν, is an essential preliminary to understanding how the Greeks considered national and civic identity once the regular framework of polis-life was established. With the development of grammatical and linguistic analysis, words denoting membership of a community were called ἐθνικά, the nominal adjectival form which we find regularly in Stephanus of Byzantium and in lexica: τὸ ἐθνικόν (ὁ) δεῖνα. The history of the term formed a distinct branch of the traditional studies of the grammarians and lexicographers. This chapter is concerned with the ethnic significance of the adjective as a term used to denote nationality or origin (in the Greek sense), but inevitably it takes account of other meanings of the term when necessary.
John Corner
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719082603
- eISBN:
- 9781781703182
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719082603.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This book explores how issues of power, form and subjectivity feature at the core of all serious thinking about the media, including appreciations of their creativity as well as anxiety about the ...
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This book explores how issues of power, form and subjectivity feature at the core of all serious thinking about the media, including appreciations of their creativity as well as anxiety about the risks they pose. Drawing widely on an interdisciplinary literature, the author connects his exposition to examples from film, television, radio, photography, painting, web practice, music and writing in order to bring in topics as diverse as reporting the war in Afghanistan, the televising of football, documentary portrayals of 9/11, reality television, the diversity of taste in the arts and the construction of civic identity. The book is divided into two parts. In the first part, three big chapters on each of the key notions provide an interconnected discussion of the media activities opened up for exploration and the debates they have provoked. The second part presents examples, arguments and analysis drawing on the author's previous work around the core themes, with notes placing them in the context of the whole book. The book brings together concepts both from Social Studies and the Arts and Humanities, addressing a readership wider than the sub-specialisms of media research. It refreshes ideas about why the media matter, and how understanding them better remains a key aim of cultural inquiry and a continuing requirement for public policy.Less
This book explores how issues of power, form and subjectivity feature at the core of all serious thinking about the media, including appreciations of their creativity as well as anxiety about the risks they pose. Drawing widely on an interdisciplinary literature, the author connects his exposition to examples from film, television, radio, photography, painting, web practice, music and writing in order to bring in topics as diverse as reporting the war in Afghanistan, the televising of football, documentary portrayals of 9/11, reality television, the diversity of taste in the arts and the construction of civic identity. The book is divided into two parts. In the first part, three big chapters on each of the key notions provide an interconnected discussion of the media activities opened up for exploration and the debates they have provoked. The second part presents examples, arguments and analysis drawing on the author's previous work around the core themes, with notes placing them in the context of the whole book. The book brings together concepts both from Social Studies and the Arts and Humanities, addressing a readership wider than the sub-specialisms of media research. It refreshes ideas about why the media matter, and how understanding them better remains a key aim of cultural inquiry and a continuing requirement for public policy.
Ian O'Flynn
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748621446
- eISBN:
- 9780748672004
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748621446.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
In a world where the impact of internal conflicts is spreading ever wider, there is a real need to rethink how democratic ideals and institutions can best be implemented. This book responds to this ...
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In a world where the impact of internal conflicts is spreading ever wider, there is a real need to rethink how democratic ideals and institutions can best be implemented. This book responds to this challenge by showing that deliberative democracy has crucial, but largely untapped, normative implications for societies deeply divided along ethnic lines. Its central claim is that deliberative norms and procedures can enable the citizens of such societies to build and sustain a stronger sense of common national identity. More specifically, the book argues that the deliberative requirements of reciprocity and publicity can enable citizens and representatives to strike an appropriate balance between the need to recognise competing ethnic identities and the need to develop a common civic identity centred on the institutions of the state. Although the book is primarily normative, it supports its claims with a broad range of empirical examples, drawn from cases such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Lebanon, Macedonia, Northern Ireland and South Africa. The book also considers the normative implications of deliberative democracy for questions of institutional design. It argues that power-sharing institutions should be conceived in a way that allows citizens as much freedom as possible to shape their own relation to the polity. Crucially, this freedom can enable them to reconstruct their relationship to each other and to the state in ways that ultimately strengthen and sustain the transition from ethnic conflict to democracy.Less
In a world where the impact of internal conflicts is spreading ever wider, there is a real need to rethink how democratic ideals and institutions can best be implemented. This book responds to this challenge by showing that deliberative democracy has crucial, but largely untapped, normative implications for societies deeply divided along ethnic lines. Its central claim is that deliberative norms and procedures can enable the citizens of such societies to build and sustain a stronger sense of common national identity. More specifically, the book argues that the deliberative requirements of reciprocity and publicity can enable citizens and representatives to strike an appropriate balance between the need to recognise competing ethnic identities and the need to develop a common civic identity centred on the institutions of the state. Although the book is primarily normative, it supports its claims with a broad range of empirical examples, drawn from cases such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Lebanon, Macedonia, Northern Ireland and South Africa. The book also considers the normative implications of deliberative democracy for questions of institutional design. It argues that power-sharing institutions should be conceived in a way that allows citizens as much freedom as possible to shape their own relation to the polity. Crucially, this freedom can enable them to reconstruct their relationship to each other and to the state in ways that ultimately strengthen and sustain the transition from ethnic conflict to democracy.
Lisa Garcia Bedolla and Melissa R. Michelson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300166781
- eISBN:
- 9780300167399
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300166781.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Which get-out-the-vote efforts actually succeed in ethnoracial communities and why? Analyzing the results from hundreds of original experiments, this book offers a new theory to explain why some ...
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Which get-out-the-vote efforts actually succeed in ethnoracial communities and why? Analyzing the results from hundreds of original experiments, this book offers a new theory to explain why some methods work while others do not. Exploring and comparing a wide variety of efforts targeting ethnoracial voters, the authors present a new theoretical frame—the Social Cognition Model of voting, based on an individual's sense of civic identity—for understanding get-out-the-vote effectiveness. This book will serve as a useful guide for political practitioners, for it offers concrete strategies to employ in developing future mobilization efforts.Less
Which get-out-the-vote efforts actually succeed in ethnoracial communities and why? Analyzing the results from hundreds of original experiments, this book offers a new theory to explain why some methods work while others do not. Exploring and comparing a wide variety of efforts targeting ethnoracial voters, the authors present a new theoretical frame—the Social Cognition Model of voting, based on an individual's sense of civic identity—for understanding get-out-the-vote effectiveness. This book will serve as a useful guide for political practitioners, for it offers concrete strategies to employ in developing future mobilization efforts.
Christopher Stroup
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780300247893
- eISBN:
- 9780300252187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300247893.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This chapter assesses how Acts of the Apostles uses the image of Jewishness constructed in Acts 2:5–13 to depict the Jewishness of Christian non-Jews in the Jerusalem council (15:1–21). Comparing the ...
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This chapter assesses how Acts of the Apostles uses the image of Jewishness constructed in Acts 2:5–13 to depict the Jewishness of Christian non-Jews in the Jerusalem council (15:1–21). Comparing the ethnic rhetoric of Acts 15 with ethnic rhetoric of the Salutaris Foundation inscription, it calls attention to wider negotiations of civic identity and within the context of formal public documents like this inscription. The Salutaris Foundation inscription, which contains the stipulations for a donation given by a wealthy citizen of Ephesus, provides a useful comparison with the Jerusalem council narrative in two primary ways. First, the inscription was composed within a decade or two of the likely publication of Acts and therefore offers a glimpse of a contemporaneous use of ethnic rhetoric. Second, a majority of the narrative of Acts takes place in an urban context, including in Ephesus. The Salutaris Foundation thus provides a securely dated and located example of the negotiation of identity within the city, demonstrating who had the power to influence identity claims and how such negotiations took place. Both Acts and the Salutaris Foundation leverage religious ideology in their respective forms of ethnic rhetoric in order to legitimate ethnic change, employing ancestral religious rhetoric, a shared sense of the flexibility of ethnic identity, and the authority of councils in ways that delimit the identity of contested populations and their religious activities.Less
This chapter assesses how Acts of the Apostles uses the image of Jewishness constructed in Acts 2:5–13 to depict the Jewishness of Christian non-Jews in the Jerusalem council (15:1–21). Comparing the ethnic rhetoric of Acts 15 with ethnic rhetoric of the Salutaris Foundation inscription, it calls attention to wider negotiations of civic identity and within the context of formal public documents like this inscription. The Salutaris Foundation inscription, which contains the stipulations for a donation given by a wealthy citizen of Ephesus, provides a useful comparison with the Jerusalem council narrative in two primary ways. First, the inscription was composed within a decade or two of the likely publication of Acts and therefore offers a glimpse of a contemporaneous use of ethnic rhetoric. Second, a majority of the narrative of Acts takes place in an urban context, including in Ephesus. The Salutaris Foundation thus provides a securely dated and located example of the negotiation of identity within the city, demonstrating who had the power to influence identity claims and how such negotiations took place. Both Acts and the Salutaris Foundation leverage religious ideology in their respective forms of ethnic rhetoric in order to legitimate ethnic change, employing ancestral religious rhetoric, a shared sense of the flexibility of ethnic identity, and the authority of councils in ways that delimit the identity of contested populations and their religious activities.
Katherine Clarke
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199291083
- eISBN:
- 9780191710582
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199291083.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, European History: BCE to 500CE
This book is about time and local history in the Greek world. It argues that choices concerning the articulation and expression of time reflect the values of both those who ‘make’ it and their ...
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This book is about time and local history in the Greek world. It argues that choices concerning the articulation and expression of time reflect the values of both those who ‘make’ it and their audiences. This study ranges from the widespread awareness of time's malleability and the perceived value of the past by the citizens of the Greek polis to the formal analysis of time-systems in Hellenistic scholarship. It addresses the development by historians of ways to articulate the long span of historical time, from the chronologies developed by those who wrote universal narratives to those whose stories were about the individual polis. The negotiation of time is of interest in any social context, but it carries particular resonance in the world of Greek poleis, where each community had its own calendar and ran to its own time. Both the articulation of time and the establishment of ‘shared’ histories have been seen as modes of self-expression for communities. An exploration of their intersection is, therefore, especially illuminating. By focusing on city-history, the creation of the past within a restricted community, it is possible to examine more closely the dynamics of how time and the past were ‘made’. Therefore, this study brings together the wider theme of ‘managing time’, with an exploration of how history was created at a local level, within a civic context. It looks at the construction of the past as a social activity, which both reflects and contributes towards the sense of a shared, civic identity.Less
This book is about time and local history in the Greek world. It argues that choices concerning the articulation and expression of time reflect the values of both those who ‘make’ it and their audiences. This study ranges from the widespread awareness of time's malleability and the perceived value of the past by the citizens of the Greek polis to the formal analysis of time-systems in Hellenistic scholarship. It addresses the development by historians of ways to articulate the long span of historical time, from the chronologies developed by those who wrote universal narratives to those whose stories were about the individual polis. The negotiation of time is of interest in any social context, but it carries particular resonance in the world of Greek poleis, where each community had its own calendar and ran to its own time. Both the articulation of time and the establishment of ‘shared’ histories have been seen as modes of self-expression for communities. An exploration of their intersection is, therefore, especially illuminating. By focusing on city-history, the creation of the past within a restricted community, it is possible to examine more closely the dynamics of how time and the past were ‘made’. Therefore, this study brings together the wider theme of ‘managing time’, with an exploration of how history was created at a local level, within a civic context. It looks at the construction of the past as a social activity, which both reflects and contributes towards the sense of a shared, civic identity.
Lauren M. McLaren
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198739463
- eISBN:
- 9780191802447
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198739463.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The development of the nation-state and national identity has had profound effects on the way Europeans perceive others, including newcomers. This chapter provides a brief overview of the development ...
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The development of the nation-state and national identity has had profound effects on the way Europeans perceive others, including newcomers. This chapter provides a brief overview of the development of national identity in Europe and discusses key models of national identity identified in academic literature on the topic. The chapter uses Eurobarometer and International Social Survey Programme data to illustrate the way in which European citizens appear to understand their national identities, and the degree to which these understandings fit the assumed models of national identity for the various European countries. The chapter finally discusses how conceptualizations of the socio-political community are likely to impact perceptions of newcomers like immigrants, and in turn, the implications for perceptions of political systems in Europe. The chapter specifically argues that—in the context of large-scale immigration—some constructions of national identity are likely to help bolster political trust while others undermine it.Less
The development of the nation-state and national identity has had profound effects on the way Europeans perceive others, including newcomers. This chapter provides a brief overview of the development of national identity in Europe and discusses key models of national identity identified in academic literature on the topic. The chapter uses Eurobarometer and International Social Survey Programme data to illustrate the way in which European citizens appear to understand their national identities, and the degree to which these understandings fit the assumed models of national identity for the various European countries. The chapter finally discusses how conceptualizations of the socio-political community are likely to impact perceptions of newcomers like immigrants, and in turn, the implications for perceptions of political systems in Europe. The chapter specifically argues that—in the context of large-scale immigration—some constructions of national identity are likely to help bolster political trust while others undermine it.
Andrew M. Smith II
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199861101
- eISBN:
- 9780199332717
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199861101.003.0005
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical
This chapter examines Palmyra’s institutional development as a hybrid of the Greek polis and the emergence of formal institutions designed to regulate personal and group activity. These institutions ...
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This chapter examines Palmyra’s institutional development as a hybrid of the Greek polis and the emergence of formal institutions designed to regulate personal and group activity. These institutions were the governing bodies of the community, which included the city council (boulē), the assembly (dēmos), and an array of magistracies. The institutional development of Palmyra must also be viewed in the context of the emergence and possible transformation of a collective “Palmyrene” civic identity that takes into account increasing Roman influence upon the city from the first to third centuries ad A corollary to the development of Palmyra’s civic institutions is the debated issue about the emergence of the “four tribes” of Palmyra as a social and political organism seemingly related to the institutional apparatus of the city, which also raises interesting questions about the relationship between tribal and civic constructions of identity and forms of worship at Palmyra. Finally, the chapter examines the Palmyrene military institutions as an obvious manifestation of the city’s power and authority.Less
This chapter examines Palmyra’s institutional development as a hybrid of the Greek polis and the emergence of formal institutions designed to regulate personal and group activity. These institutions were the governing bodies of the community, which included the city council (boulē), the assembly (dēmos), and an array of magistracies. The institutional development of Palmyra must also be viewed in the context of the emergence and possible transformation of a collective “Palmyrene” civic identity that takes into account increasing Roman influence upon the city from the first to third centuries ad A corollary to the development of Palmyra’s civic institutions is the debated issue about the emergence of the “four tribes” of Palmyra as a social and political organism seemingly related to the institutional apparatus of the city, which also raises interesting questions about the relationship between tribal and civic constructions of identity and forms of worship at Palmyra. Finally, the chapter examines the Palmyrene military institutions as an obvious manifestation of the city’s power and authority.
Robert Garland
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691161051
- eISBN:
- 9781400850259
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691161051.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This chapter examines the centrality of wandering to the experience of being Greek. From earliest times, the Greeks were in restless movement, propelled from their familiar habitat either by human ...
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This chapter examines the centrality of wandering to the experience of being Greek. From earliest times, the Greeks were in restless movement, propelled from their familiar habitat either by human force or by the exigencies of their environment. Wanderer refers to the tens of thousands of men, women, and children who left their homes without a settled route or fixed destination. A wanderer in this sense was not only apolis (without a city-state), but also aphrêtôr (without a phratry), and anestios (without a hearth). In other words, he or she was stripped not only of civic and political identity, but also, even more fundamentally, of social and familial identity. Without attachment to a phratry, a Greek was denied membership of one of the primary divisions of Greek society, and without attachment to a hearth, he or she was estranged from that most basic unit of Greek life, namely the oikos or oikia (home, household).Less
This chapter examines the centrality of wandering to the experience of being Greek. From earliest times, the Greeks were in restless movement, propelled from their familiar habitat either by human force or by the exigencies of their environment. Wanderer refers to the tens of thousands of men, women, and children who left their homes without a settled route or fixed destination. A wanderer in this sense was not only apolis (without a city-state), but also aphrêtôr (without a phratry), and anestios (without a hearth). In other words, he or she was stripped not only of civic and political identity, but also, even more fundamentally, of social and familial identity. Without attachment to a phratry, a Greek was denied membership of one of the primary divisions of Greek society, and without attachment to a hearth, he or she was estranged from that most basic unit of Greek life, namely the oikos or oikia (home, household).
Chris Wells
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780190203610
- eISBN:
- 9780190203658
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190203610.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
This chapter builds on the foundation offered by Chapter 1 to offer a theoretical account of changes underway in many citizens’ experiences and expectations of civic information. To do so it ...
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This chapter builds on the foundation offered by Chapter 1 to offer a theoretical account of changes underway in many citizens’ experiences and expectations of civic information. To do so it theorizes two civic information styles, one corresponding to mid-twentieth-century, modern civic life, and one characterizing the experience of more recent, younger, and digital generations. Terming the former style dutiful and the latter actualizing, the chapter draws on social theory on the changing bases of civic identity and studies of digital media and the values with which they are imbued to outline key preferences and forms of communicative exchange more aligned with each civic information style. While not implying that citizens or communications can be neatly sorted into one civic information style or the other, this framework serves to illustrate a trajectory of communication change ongoing within society.Less
This chapter builds on the foundation offered by Chapter 1 to offer a theoretical account of changes underway in many citizens’ experiences and expectations of civic information. To do so it theorizes two civic information styles, one corresponding to mid-twentieth-century, modern civic life, and one characterizing the experience of more recent, younger, and digital generations. Terming the former style dutiful and the latter actualizing, the chapter draws on social theory on the changing bases of civic identity and studies of digital media and the values with which they are imbued to outline key preferences and forms of communicative exchange more aligned with each civic information style. While not implying that citizens or communications can be neatly sorted into one civic information style or the other, this framework serves to illustrate a trajectory of communication change ongoing within society.
Lauren M. McLaren
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198739463
- eISBN:
- 9780191802447
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198739463.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The book’s arguments centre on the construction of the nation-state and national identity; this chapter considers the relationship between national identity and perceptions of political systems in ...
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The book’s arguments centre on the construction of the nation-state and national identity; this chapter considers the relationship between national identity and perceptions of political systems in modern mass-immigration Europe. The chapter briefly reviews the book’s argument about the connection between national identity and attitudes toward national political systems and discusses how these key concepts are measured. The chapter then investigates whether national identity is connected to perceptions of political systems, examining the strength of national identity and perceptions of the components of national identity that Europeans deem to be most important to their national identities. The latter analysis draws on the ideas discussed in Chapter 2, particularly notions of ethnic/ascriptive and civic/non-ascriptive identity to determine how these relate to general perceptions of the political system. The chapter also shows how government policy toward newcomers moderates the effects of national identity constructions on perceptions of political systems.Less
The book’s arguments centre on the construction of the nation-state and national identity; this chapter considers the relationship between national identity and perceptions of political systems in modern mass-immigration Europe. The chapter briefly reviews the book’s argument about the connection between national identity and attitudes toward national political systems and discusses how these key concepts are measured. The chapter then investigates whether national identity is connected to perceptions of political systems, examining the strength of national identity and perceptions of the components of national identity that Europeans deem to be most important to their national identities. The latter analysis draws on the ideas discussed in Chapter 2, particularly notions of ethnic/ascriptive and civic/non-ascriptive identity to determine how these relate to general perceptions of the political system. The chapter also shows how government policy toward newcomers moderates the effects of national identity constructions on perceptions of political systems.
Cavan W. Concannon
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780300197938
- eISBN:
- 9780300209594
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300197938.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This book makes a significant contribution to Pauline studies by imagining the responses of the Corinthians to Paul’s letters. Based on surviving written materials and archaeological research, it ...
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This book makes a significant contribution to Pauline studies by imagining the responses of the Corinthians to Paul’s letters. Based on surviving written materials and archaeological research, it offers a textured portrait of the ancient Corinthians with whom Paul conversed, argued, debated, and partnered, focusing on issues of ethnicity, civic identity, politics, and empire. In doing so, the author provides readers an opportunity to assess anew, and imagine possibilities beyond, Paul’s complicated legacy in shaping Western notions of race, ethnicity, and religion.Less
This book makes a significant contribution to Pauline studies by imagining the responses of the Corinthians to Paul’s letters. Based on surviving written materials and archaeological research, it offers a textured portrait of the ancient Corinthians with whom Paul conversed, argued, debated, and partnered, focusing on issues of ethnicity, civic identity, politics, and empire. In doing so, the author provides readers an opportunity to assess anew, and imagine possibilities beyond, Paul’s complicated legacy in shaping Western notions of race, ethnicity, and religion.
Helge Blakkisrud
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781474410427
- eISBN:
- 9781474418751
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474410427.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter discusses how the boundary between civic and ethnic has been blurred in official rhetoric during Vladimir Putin’s third term. After 1991, the multi-ethnic ‘Soviet people’ was replaced by ...
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This chapter discusses how the boundary between civic and ethnic has been blurred in official rhetoric during Vladimir Putin’s third term. After 1991, the multi-ethnic ‘Soviet people’ was replaced by an equally multi-faceted ‘Russian’ (rossiiskii) civic identity intended to encompass everyone residing within the borders of the new state. As the Soviet overlay began to wear off, however, a re-appraisal gradually took place. From around the beginning of Putin’s third term there has been a growing tendency to redefine the citizenry in ethnonational terms. The civic identity has become more explicitly Russian (russkii), with the Kremlin holding up Russian language, culture and traditional values as the core of this identity. At the same time, Putin has distanced himself from more radical expressions of Russian ethnonationalism. In the new values-based identity promoted by the Kremlin adherence to culture and values is seen as more important than ancestry and genes.Less
This chapter discusses how the boundary between civic and ethnic has been blurred in official rhetoric during Vladimir Putin’s third term. After 1991, the multi-ethnic ‘Soviet people’ was replaced by an equally multi-faceted ‘Russian’ (rossiiskii) civic identity intended to encompass everyone residing within the borders of the new state. As the Soviet overlay began to wear off, however, a re-appraisal gradually took place. From around the beginning of Putin’s third term there has been a growing tendency to redefine the citizenry in ethnonational terms. The civic identity has become more explicitly Russian (russkii), with the Kremlin holding up Russian language, culture and traditional values as the core of this identity. At the same time, Putin has distanced himself from more radical expressions of Russian ethnonationalism. In the new values-based identity promoted by the Kremlin adherence to culture and values is seen as more important than ancestry and genes.
Jonathan M. Hansen
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226315836
- eISBN:
- 9780226315850
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226315850.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Ideas
During the years leading up to World War I, America experienced a crisis of civic identity. How could a country founded on liberal principles and composed of increasingly diverse cultures unite to ...
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During the years leading up to World War I, America experienced a crisis of civic identity. How could a country founded on liberal principles and composed of increasingly diverse cultures unite to safeguard individuals and promote social justice? This book tells the story of a group of American intellectuals who believed the solution to this crisis lay in rethinking the meaning of liberalism. Intellectuals such as William James, John Dewey, Jane Addams, Eugene V. Debs, and W. E. B. Du Bois repudiated liberalism's association with acquisitive individualism and laissez-faire economics, advocating a model of liberal citizenship whose virtues and commitments amount to what the book calls cosmopolitan patriotism. Rooted not in war but in dedication to social equity, cosmopolitan patriotism favored the fight against sexism, racism, and political corruption in the United States over battles against foreign foes. Its adherents held the domestic and foreign policy of the United States to its own democratic ideals and maintained that promoting democracy universally constituted the ultimate form of self-defense. Perhaps most important, the cosmopolitan patriots regarded critical engagement with one's country as the essence of patriotism, thereby justifying scrutiny of American militarism in wartime.Less
During the years leading up to World War I, America experienced a crisis of civic identity. How could a country founded on liberal principles and composed of increasingly diverse cultures unite to safeguard individuals and promote social justice? This book tells the story of a group of American intellectuals who believed the solution to this crisis lay in rethinking the meaning of liberalism. Intellectuals such as William James, John Dewey, Jane Addams, Eugene V. Debs, and W. E. B. Du Bois repudiated liberalism's association with acquisitive individualism and laissez-faire economics, advocating a model of liberal citizenship whose virtues and commitments amount to what the book calls cosmopolitan patriotism. Rooted not in war but in dedication to social equity, cosmopolitan patriotism favored the fight against sexism, racism, and political corruption in the United States over battles against foreign foes. Its adherents held the domestic and foreign policy of the United States to its own democratic ideals and maintained that promoting democracy universally constituted the ultimate form of self-defense. Perhaps most important, the cosmopolitan patriots regarded critical engagement with one's country as the essence of patriotism, thereby justifying scrutiny of American militarism in wartime.
