David J. Price and David J. Willshaw
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780192624277
- eISBN:
- 9780191723735
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192624277.003.0005
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Development
All neurons in the mature nervous system are mapped onto the neurons to which they connect; and therefore, understanding how neural mappings are achieved could be considered synonymous with ...
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All neurons in the mature nervous system are mapped onto the neurons to which they connect; and therefore, understanding how neural mappings are achieved could be considered synonymous with understanding how every aspect of the connectivity of the nervous system is established. This chapter discusses the development of topographically ordered maps of connections, hypotheses for map formation, the development of topographic maps in non-cortical systems, rhe role of fibre ordering in map-making, cytodifferentiation hypothesis, neighbour matching hypothesis, induction of specificity hypothesis, timing hypothesis, development of topographic maps in cortical systems, thalamo-cortical projection and whether the cortical map is specified prior to innervation, mapping to specific cortical areas, the development of callosal and ipsilateral corticocortical projections, the development of feature maps in the visual system, development of geniculate projections to the visual cortex, the effects of neural activity (especially with respect to functional deprivation), models for map-making, models for the development of topography, models based on chemoaffinity, and models for the development of cortical feature maps.Less
All neurons in the mature nervous system are mapped onto the neurons to which they connect; and therefore, understanding how neural mappings are achieved could be considered synonymous with understanding how every aspect of the connectivity of the nervous system is established. This chapter discusses the development of topographically ordered maps of connections, hypotheses for map formation, the development of topographic maps in non-cortical systems, rhe role of fibre ordering in map-making, cytodifferentiation hypothesis, neighbour matching hypothesis, induction of specificity hypothesis, timing hypothesis, development of topographic maps in cortical systems, thalamo-cortical projection and whether the cortical map is specified prior to innervation, mapping to specific cortical areas, the development of callosal and ipsilateral corticocortical projections, the development of feature maps in the visual system, development of geniculate projections to the visual cortex, the effects of neural activity (especially with respect to functional deprivation), models for map-making, models for the development of topography, models based on chemoaffinity, and models for the development of cortical feature maps.
Stanley Finger
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195181821
- eISBN:
- 9780199865277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195181821.003.0017
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, History of Neuroscience
Roger W. Sperry earned a reputation for his ability to design critical experiments that demanded looking at the growing and functioning nervous system in new ways. Sperry's most important discoveries ...
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Roger W. Sperry earned a reputation for his ability to design critical experiments that demanded looking at the growing and functioning nervous system in new ways. Sperry's most important discoveries fall into two distinct domains. The first group began in the 1940s and concerned how axons grow to their proper places. Early in the 1950s, having established a name in neurobiology, Sperry became interested in the role of the corpus callosum, the massive band of axons connecting the right and left cerebral hemispheres. Other mid-20th-century researchers were soon able to prove that chemical growth and guidance factors exist. The individual most responsible for this ground-breaking work was Rita Levi-Montalcini, who discovered the nerve growth factor. Levi-Montalcini is important for neuroscience because she was able to demonstrate that Sperry was headed in the right direction when he brought up the possibility of chemical guidance in the 1940s. This chapter looks at the work of Sperry and Levi-Montalcini on neural growth, split brains, chemoaffinity, visual system, and consciousness.Less
Roger W. Sperry earned a reputation for his ability to design critical experiments that demanded looking at the growing and functioning nervous system in new ways. Sperry's most important discoveries fall into two distinct domains. The first group began in the 1940s and concerned how axons grow to their proper places. Early in the 1950s, having established a name in neurobiology, Sperry became interested in the role of the corpus callosum, the massive band of axons connecting the right and left cerebral hemispheres. Other mid-20th-century researchers were soon able to prove that chemical growth and guidance factors exist. The individual most responsible for this ground-breaking work was Rita Levi-Montalcini, who discovered the nerve growth factor. Levi-Montalcini is important for neuroscience because she was able to demonstrate that Sperry was headed in the right direction when he brought up the possibility of chemical guidance in the 1940s. This chapter looks at the work of Sperry and Levi-Montalcini on neural growth, split brains, chemoaffinity, visual system, and consciousness.
