Roberto Cabeza, Lars Nyberg, and Denise Park (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195156744
- eISBN:
- 9780199864171
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195156744.001.0001
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroscience, Development
Until very recently, our knowledge about the neural basis of cognitive aging was based on two disciplines that had very little contact with each other. Whereas the neuroscience of aging investigated ...
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Until very recently, our knowledge about the neural basis of cognitive aging was based on two disciplines that had very little contact with each other. Whereas the neuroscience of aging investigated the effects of aging on the brain independently of age-related changes in cognition, the cognitive psychology of aging investigated the effects of aging on cognition independently of age-related changes in the brain. The lack of communication between these two disciplines is currently being addressed by an increasing number of studies that focus on the relationships between cognitive aging and cerebral aging. This rapidly growing body of research has come to constitute a new discipline, which may be called cognitive neuroscience of aging. The goal of this book is to introduce this new discipline. This book is divided into four main sections. The first section describes non-invasive measures of cerebral aging, including structural (e.g., volumetric MRI), chemical (e.g., dopamine PET), electrophysiological (e.g., ERPs), and hemodynamic (e.g., fMRI), and discusses how they can be linked to behavioral measures of cognitive aging. The second section reviews evidence for the effects of aging on neural activity during different cognitive functions, including perception and attention, imagery, working memory, long-term memory, and prospective memory. The third section focuses on clinical and applied topics, such as the distinction between healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease and the use of cognitive training to ameliorate age-related cognitive decline. The last section describes theories that relate cognitive and cerebral aging, including models accounting for functional neuroimaging evidence and models supported by computer simulations.Less
Until very recently, our knowledge about the neural basis of cognitive aging was based on two disciplines that had very little contact with each other. Whereas the neuroscience of aging investigated the effects of aging on the brain independently of age-related changes in cognition, the cognitive psychology of aging investigated the effects of aging on cognition independently of age-related changes in the brain. The lack of communication between these two disciplines is currently being addressed by an increasing number of studies that focus on the relationships between cognitive aging and cerebral aging. This rapidly growing body of research has come to constitute a new discipline, which may be called cognitive neuroscience of aging. The goal of this book is to introduce this new discipline. This book is divided into four main sections. The first section describes non-invasive measures of cerebral aging, including structural (e.g., volumetric MRI), chemical (e.g., dopamine PET), electrophysiological (e.g., ERPs), and hemodynamic (e.g., fMRI), and discusses how they can be linked to behavioral measures of cognitive aging. The second section reviews evidence for the effects of aging on neural activity during different cognitive functions, including perception and attention, imagery, working memory, long-term memory, and prospective memory. The third section focuses on clinical and applied topics, such as the distinction between healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease and the use of cognitive training to ameliorate age-related cognitive decline. The last section describes theories that relate cognitive and cerebral aging, including models accounting for functional neuroimaging evidence and models supported by computer simulations.
Hanzhang Lu and Peiying Liu
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- December 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199372935
- eISBN:
- 9780190662264
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199372935.003.0002
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience
MRI is a powerful imaging modality that has enormous potential in studies of cerebral aging. Over the past decade, MRI technologies have undergone rapid progress in both image quality and acquisition ...
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MRI is a powerful imaging modality that has enormous potential in studies of cerebral aging. Over the past decade, MRI technologies have undergone rapid progress in both image quality and acquisition speed. Due to its non-invasive nature and the absence of radiation, the translation of these new methodologies to clinical and cognitive applications has also been amazingly fast. Many new imaging techniques that are viewed as emerging methods only a few years ago have now become routine. The MRI vendors have also enthusiastically adopted these new technologies and made them more widely available to researchers and clinicians. Therefore, MRI has become one of the most important tools in cognitive neuroscience and cerebral aging. This Chapter will provide a review of the basic principles of MRI, describe several major MRI techniques that are commonly used in cerebral aging, and introduce new, emerging techniques that are on the horizon.Less
MRI is a powerful imaging modality that has enormous potential in studies of cerebral aging. Over the past decade, MRI technologies have undergone rapid progress in both image quality and acquisition speed. Due to its non-invasive nature and the absence of radiation, the translation of these new methodologies to clinical and cognitive applications has also been amazingly fast. Many new imaging techniques that are viewed as emerging methods only a few years ago have now become routine. The MRI vendors have also enthusiastically adopted these new technologies and made them more widely available to researchers and clinicians. Therefore, MRI has become one of the most important tools in cognitive neuroscience and cerebral aging. This Chapter will provide a review of the basic principles of MRI, describe several major MRI techniques that are commonly used in cerebral aging, and introduce new, emerging techniques that are on the horizon.
