Leah F. Vosko
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199574810
- eISBN:
- 9780191722080
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574810.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Political Economy, HRM / IR
This chapter traces the prehistory of the SER at the national and international levels, demonstrating its gendered roots. Building on scholarship in women's history illustrating how early attempts to ...
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This chapter traces the prehistory of the SER at the national and international levels, demonstrating its gendered roots. Building on scholarship in women's history illustrating how early attempts to establish minimum conditions of work at the national level centred on ‘protecting women’, it traces the emergence of a parallel emphasis in international labour legislation. The selection of initial subjects for international labour legislation was framed by contestation between and amongst trade unionists, working‐class and liberal feminists, women social reformers, and philanthropists over whether to pursue ‘equal protection’ for men and women or protection for women exclusively. The earliest international labour regulations, devised initially by the International Association for Labour Legislation and developed subsequently by the ILO, nevertheless included sex‐specific regulations on maternity and night work. By cultivating a male breadwinner/female caregiver gender contract, such regulations helped lay the foundation for the SER as a normative model of male employment.Less
This chapter traces the prehistory of the SER at the national and international levels, demonstrating its gendered roots. Building on scholarship in women's history illustrating how early attempts to establish minimum conditions of work at the national level centred on ‘protecting women’, it traces the emergence of a parallel emphasis in international labour legislation. The selection of initial subjects for international labour legislation was framed by contestation between and amongst trade unionists, working‐class and liberal feminists, women social reformers, and philanthropists over whether to pursue ‘equal protection’ for men and women or protection for women exclusively. The earliest international labour regulations, devised initially by the International Association for Labour Legislation and developed subsequently by the ILO, nevertheless included sex‐specific regulations on maternity and night work. By cultivating a male breadwinner/female caregiver gender contract, such regulations helped lay the foundation for the SER as a normative model of male employment.
Harriet P. Lefley
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195340495
- eISBN:
- 9780199863792
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195340495.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health, Children and Families
This chapter provides historical background and discusses etiological theories, deinstitutionalization, and stressors for families coping with psychiatric disorders. Situational stressors involve ...
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This chapter provides historical background and discusses etiological theories, deinstitutionalization, and stressors for families coping with psychiatric disorders. Situational stressors involve objective family burden, i.e., investments of time and energy in caregiving, and subjective burden the correlative psychological distress. Societal stressors include stigma and negative social attitudes that result in inadequate services. Iatrogenic stressors, although happily diminishing, may still involve attributions of family causation, ignorance of family burden, and refusal to share needed information with caregivers or involve them in treatment planning. The research on family burden is followed by studies of expressed emotion (EE). EE research is discussed as the beginning of change in mental health systems, ultimately leading to the development of FPE. High EE was viewed not as an etiological agent, but as an environmental stressor based on lack of knowledge that could be changed by supportive education.Less
This chapter provides historical background and discusses etiological theories, deinstitutionalization, and stressors for families coping with psychiatric disorders. Situational stressors involve objective family burden, i.e., investments of time and energy in caregiving, and subjective burden the correlative psychological distress. Societal stressors include stigma and negative social attitudes that result in inadequate services. Iatrogenic stressors, although happily diminishing, may still involve attributions of family causation, ignorance of family burden, and refusal to share needed information with caregivers or involve them in treatment planning. The research on family burden is followed by studies of expressed emotion (EE). EE research is discussed as the beginning of change in mental health systems, ultimately leading to the development of FPE. High EE was viewed not as an etiological agent, but as an environmental stressor based on lack of knowledge that could be changed by supportive education.
Karel Kurst-Swanger and Jacqueline L. Petcosky
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195165180
- eISBN:
- 9780199864966
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165180.003.0006
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Crime and Justice
This chapter explores the unique characteristics of violence against family elders. It reviews the trends that have guided the salience of elder abuse throughout history and provides an overview of ...
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This chapter explores the unique characteristics of violence against family elders. It reviews the trends that have guided the salience of elder abuse throughout history and provides an overview of the risk factors that make the elderly a vulnerable population for victimization, such as the physical and cognitive changes associated with aging and illness. The role of caregiver stress, ignorance, and impairment, and various cultural factors and social conditions are explored. The chapter investigates the issues associated with measuring elder abuse as a social problem and explores the various forms such abuse takes including physical, emotional, financial, and sexual abuse; neglect, self-neglect, abandonment, and the violation of rights. The consequences of elder abuse are reviewed including fatalities and the physical, psychological, economic, and legal effects.Less
This chapter explores the unique characteristics of violence against family elders. It reviews the trends that have guided the salience of elder abuse throughout history and provides an overview of the risk factors that make the elderly a vulnerable population for victimization, such as the physical and cognitive changes associated with aging and illness. The role of caregiver stress, ignorance, and impairment, and various cultural factors and social conditions are explored. The chapter investigates the issues associated with measuring elder abuse as a social problem and explores the various forms such abuse takes including physical, emotional, financial, and sexual abuse; neglect, self-neglect, abandonment, and the violation of rights. The consequences of elder abuse are reviewed including fatalities and the physical, psychological, economic, and legal effects.
Jonathan Herring
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199229024
- eISBN:
- 9780191705274
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199229024.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
Older people can be involved in care work, either as the givers of care, or as the recipients of it. This chapter looks at the rights and responsibilities of those carers. It demonstrates the ways in ...
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Older people can be involved in care work, either as the givers of care, or as the recipients of it. This chapter looks at the rights and responsibilities of those carers. It demonstrates the ways in which carers have been ignored by the law and the relatively little social or legal recognition given to carers. It considers how better to promote the interests of carers and how to balance their interests with those they are caring for. The chapter considers the support available to carers from local authorities and the government's attempts to improve the services available.Less
Older people can be involved in care work, either as the givers of care, or as the recipients of it. This chapter looks at the rights and responsibilities of those carers. It demonstrates the ways in which carers have been ignored by the law and the relatively little social or legal recognition given to carers. It considers how better to promote the interests of carers and how to balance their interests with those they are caring for. The chapter considers the support available to carers from local authorities and the government's attempts to improve the services available.
Namhee Lee, Lisa Mikesell, Anna Dina L. Joaquin, Andrea W. Mates, and John H. Schumann
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195384246
- eISBN:
- 9780199869916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195384246.003.0005
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
The interactional instinct is an innate drive within human infants to attune to, imitate, and interact with conspecifics. It is a powerful developmental precursor for the ontogeny of symbolic ...
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The interactional instinct is an innate drive within human infants to attune to, imitate, and interact with conspecifics. It is a powerful developmental precursor for the ontogeny of symbolic formation and referencing in humans and therefore the acquisition of language. Because of interaction's sociostatic value, the interactional instinct essentially motivates infants to achieve attachment and social affiliation with their caregivers. Once attachment and affiliation are achieved, the infant will continue to engage in emotional interactions with an adult, leading to the emotional entrainment of behaviors, words, and linguistic structure in their social environment and attachment to caregivers who are the source of the language. In this chapter, human neonate behavior (vocalizations, gaze attunement, and body movements) with mothers and other caregivers are demonstrated to be behavioral manifestations of the interactional instinct and that it is facilitated and subserved by the brain's mirror‐neuron system.Less
The interactional instinct is an innate drive within human infants to attune to, imitate, and interact with conspecifics. It is a powerful developmental precursor for the ontogeny of symbolic formation and referencing in humans and therefore the acquisition of language. Because of interaction's sociostatic value, the interactional instinct essentially motivates infants to achieve attachment and social affiliation with their caregivers. Once attachment and affiliation are achieved, the infant will continue to engage in emotional interactions with an adult, leading to the emotional entrainment of behaviors, words, and linguistic structure in their social environment and attachment to caregivers who are the source of the language. In this chapter, human neonate behavior (vocalizations, gaze attunement, and body movements) with mothers and other caregivers are demonstrated to be behavioral manifestations of the interactional instinct and that it is facilitated and subserved by the brain's mirror‐neuron system.
Namhee Lee, Lisa Mikesell, Anna Dina L. Joaquin, Andrea W. Mates, and John H. Schumann
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195384246
- eISBN:
- 9780199869916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195384246.003.0006
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
The interactional instinct consists of an appetitive and a consummatory component. The biology underlying consummation develops first and involves the expression of endogenous opiates during ...
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The interactional instinct consists of an appetitive and a consummatory component. The biology underlying consummation develops first and involves the expression of endogenous opiates during child‐caregiver interaction. These opiates provide the child and the adult with feelings of attachment. This process entrains the child's attentional mechanisms on the caregivers and serves as a motivational mechanism that ensures language acquisition. The rewarding aspects of the attachment bond become part of the child's memory. The child, in encountering conspecifics more distal than immediate caregivers, responds to affiliative stimuli, such as friendly vocalizations, gestures, smiles, and touch, with positive appraisals and a desire to approach. The appraisals are communicated via the medial orbital cortex, with contextual information coming from the hippocampus and the amygdala. Dopaminergic innervation of the nucleus accumbens facilitates the integration of these various inputs and provides a “go” signal for motoric and cognitive approach and exploration of the affiliative target.Less
The interactional instinct consists of an appetitive and a consummatory component. The biology underlying consummation develops first and involves the expression of endogenous opiates during child‐caregiver interaction. These opiates provide the child and the adult with feelings of attachment. This process entrains the child's attentional mechanisms on the caregivers and serves as a motivational mechanism that ensures language acquisition. The rewarding aspects of the attachment bond become part of the child's memory. The child, in encountering conspecifics more distal than immediate caregivers, responds to affiliative stimuli, such as friendly vocalizations, gestures, smiles, and touch, with positive appraisals and a desire to approach. The appraisals are communicated via the medial orbital cortex, with contextual information coming from the hippocampus and the amygdala. Dopaminergic innervation of the nucleus accumbens facilitates the integration of these various inputs and provides a “go” signal for motoric and cognitive approach and exploration of the affiliative target.
DAVID W. COON, RICHARD SCHULZ, and MARCIA G. ORY
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195111552
- eISBN:
- 9780199865734
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195111552.003.0013
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
This chapter discusses the innovative interventions of a new multisite family caregiver intervention research program entitled Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health (REACH). It ...
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This chapter discusses the innovative interventions of a new multisite family caregiver intervention research program entitled Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health (REACH). It describes five types of caregiver interventions—individual information and support, group support and family systems, psychoeducational and skill-based, home-based environmental, and enhanced technology systems—that are being testing by the REACH program. A major strength of the REACH project is its use of the same standardized instruments across treatment sites to measure the effects of these interventions. The chapter concludes with a discussion of REACH efforts to tailor its interventions to meet the needs of different populations of family caregivers, and presents recommendations for future studies in caregiver intervention research and service delivery.Less
This chapter discusses the innovative interventions of a new multisite family caregiver intervention research program entitled Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health (REACH). It describes five types of caregiver interventions—individual information and support, group support and family systems, psychoeducational and skill-based, home-based environmental, and enhanced technology systems—that are being testing by the REACH program. A major strength of the REACH project is its use of the same standardized instruments across treatment sites to measure the effects of these interventions. The chapter concludes with a discussion of REACH efforts to tailor its interventions to meet the needs of different populations of family caregivers, and presents recommendations for future studies in caregiver intervention research and service delivery.
Werner B.F. Brouwer, N. Job A. van Exel, and J. Mick Tilford
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199547494
- eISBN:
- 9780191720055
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199547494.003.03
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Patients are not isolated individuals, but have friends and families who care about them and, often, care for them. This is especially true for children. Parents' well-being and quality of life is ...
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Patients are not isolated individuals, but have friends and families who care about them and, often, care for them. This is especially true for children. Parents' well-being and quality of life is likely to be affected by the illness of their child, especially when the illness is severe, even if they do not provide informal care. This chapter deals with the inclusion of the costs and effects on caregivers and other family members in economic evaluations, with a focus on informal care. Key topics are illustrated using data from previous studies. In the first part of the chapter, the burden of providing informal care to children and its valuation for economic evaluations is described. Next, attention is turned to family effects. Finally, recommendations and conclusions are provided for incorporating caregiver and family effects in economic evaluations of child health.Less
Patients are not isolated individuals, but have friends and families who care about them and, often, care for them. This is especially true for children. Parents' well-being and quality of life is likely to be affected by the illness of their child, especially when the illness is severe, even if they do not provide informal care. This chapter deals with the inclusion of the costs and effects on caregivers and other family members in economic evaluations, with a focus on informal care. Key topics are illustrated using data from previous studies. In the first part of the chapter, the burden of providing informal care to children and its valuation for economic evaluations is described. Next, attention is turned to family effects. Finally, recommendations and conclusions are provided for incorporating caregiver and family effects in economic evaluations of child health.
Christina M. Puchalski
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195146820
- eISBN:
- 9780199999866
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195146820.003.0016
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine and Older People
This chapter discusses the importance of storytelling and narratives in honoring the patient's story while providing end-of-life care. It explains that an illness narrative portrays signs, symptoms, ...
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This chapter discusses the importance of storytelling and narratives in honoring the patient's story while providing end-of-life care. It explains that an illness narrative portrays signs, symptoms, and treatment aspects as well as various ways of suffering, and that it helps the caregiver to interact effectively with a suffering patient. The chapter discusses the use of stories in the education of caregivers, the teaching of medical students to practice patient narrative, and the role of the caregiver in the narrative.Less
This chapter discusses the importance of storytelling and narratives in honoring the patient's story while providing end-of-life care. It explains that an illness narrative portrays signs, symptoms, and treatment aspects as well as various ways of suffering, and that it helps the caregiver to interact effectively with a suffering patient. The chapter discusses the use of stories in the education of caregivers, the teaching of medical students to practice patient narrative, and the role of the caregiver in the narrative.
Konrad Fassbender and Lindsey Sutherland
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199599400
- eISBN:
- 9780191739170
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199599400.003.0032
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
Evaluating the costs of end-of-life care for society means looking beyond the costs (i.e., economic consequences) of publicly-provided end-of-life care (e.g., palliative care services). This chapter ...
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Evaluating the costs of end-of-life care for society means looking beyond the costs (i.e., economic consequences) of publicly-provided end-of-life care (e.g., palliative care services). This chapter therefore extends that focus to contributions and consequences associated with caregivers. It covers both the health and economic consequences of providing unpaid care to the dying, assesses whether governmental support helps alleviate these consequences, and identifies appropriate levels of financing and delivery of services directed to caregivers. It suggests that the potential benefits of referral to palliative care programmes, use of palliative home care, and use of federal caregiver benefits, be considered. It also argues that without adequate knowledge and support, caregivers will suffer and cause an inefficient use of health care resources.Less
Evaluating the costs of end-of-life care for society means looking beyond the costs (i.e., economic consequences) of publicly-provided end-of-life care (e.g., palliative care services). This chapter therefore extends that focus to contributions and consequences associated with caregivers. It covers both the health and economic consequences of providing unpaid care to the dying, assesses whether governmental support helps alleviate these consequences, and identifies appropriate levels of financing and delivery of services directed to caregivers. It suggests that the potential benefits of referral to palliative care programmes, use of palliative home care, and use of federal caregiver benefits, be considered. It also argues that without adequate knowledge and support, caregivers will suffer and cause an inefficient use of health care resources.
Lydia Li and Jane A. Rafferty
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195173727
- eISBN:
- 9780199893218
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195173727.003.0085
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
This chapter describes two federal programs that aim to support families of elderly persons with care needs: the Family and Medical Leave Act and the National Family Caregiver Support Program. It ...
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This chapter describes two federal programs that aim to support families of elderly persons with care needs: the Family and Medical Leave Act and the National Family Caregiver Support Program. It first presents the history, provision, and implementation of each program, then discusses their loopholes in addressing the needs of family caregivers and the implications for social work.Less
This chapter describes two federal programs that aim to support families of elderly persons with care needs: the Family and Medical Leave Act and the National Family Caregiver Support Program. It first presents the history, provision, and implementation of each program, then discusses their loopholes in addressing the needs of family caregivers and the implications for social work.
David C. Currow
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198529415
- eISBN:
- 9780191730344
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198529415.003.0027
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
It is possible to gain glimpses of the future of patient- and caregiver-focused supportive care by exploring trends across society, clinical services, and the professions in the recent past. There is ...
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It is possible to gain glimpses of the future of patient- and caregiver-focused supportive care by exploring trends across society, clinical services, and the professions in the recent past. There is an expectation that clinical care will not only be provided in a competent way but that it will be provided in a context that recognizes the individual circumstances of the patient in the context of their life and support network. Although this has been a basic tenet of clinical care since the time of ancient Greece, its delivery in the 21st century is more difficult than ever. The increasing complexity of care and the continuing struggle to pay for health at a societal or individual level make the process of obtaining integrated care difficult. As fields of clinical endeavor become more specialized, the need for effective teams working cohesively becomes greater.Less
It is possible to gain glimpses of the future of patient- and caregiver-focused supportive care by exploring trends across society, clinical services, and the professions in the recent past. There is an expectation that clinical care will not only be provided in a competent way but that it will be provided in a context that recognizes the individual circumstances of the patient in the context of their life and support network. Although this has been a basic tenet of clinical care since the time of ancient Greece, its delivery in the 21st century is more difficult than ever. The increasing complexity of care and the continuing struggle to pay for health at a societal or individual level make the process of obtaining integrated care difficult. As fields of clinical endeavor become more specialized, the need for effective teams working cohesively becomes greater.
Lynne Sanford Koester and Kathryn P. Meadow-Orlans
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195147902
- eISBN:
- 9780199893775
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195147902.003.0009
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Clinical Child Psychology / School Psychology
For at least 30 years, infant-caregiver attachment has been a primary focus of developmental psychologists, and the Ainsworth Strange Situation Procedure (SSP) has been utilized in literally hundreds ...
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For at least 30 years, infant-caregiver attachment has been a primary focus of developmental psychologists, and the Ainsworth Strange Situation Procedure (SSP) has been utilized in literally hundreds of research studies. The SSP involves a series of separations from and reunions with the mother, as well as episodes during which a stranger is also in the room with the infant. This procedure has enabled researchers to observe infants (typically 12- to 20-month-olds) in a standardized laboratory situation consisting of several 3-minute episodes. This chapter describes the theoretical and methodological background for this assessment; the results from other studies linking attachment outcomes to earlier face-to-face interactions, play behaviors, and family stress; the relevance of attachment to the study of deaf children; and results from analyses of attachment data from this project.Less
For at least 30 years, infant-caregiver attachment has been a primary focus of developmental psychologists, and the Ainsworth Strange Situation Procedure (SSP) has been utilized in literally hundreds of research studies. The SSP involves a series of separations from and reunions with the mother, as well as episodes during which a stranger is also in the room with the infant. This procedure has enabled researchers to observe infants (typically 12- to 20-month-olds) in a standardized laboratory situation consisting of several 3-minute episodes. This chapter describes the theoretical and methodological background for this assessment; the results from other studies linking attachment outcomes to earlier face-to-face interactions, play behaviors, and family stress; the relevance of attachment to the study of deaf children; and results from analyses of attachment data from this project.
Neena L. Chappell, Bonnie Schroeder, and Michelle Gibbens
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861349019
- eISBN:
- 9781447303299
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861349019.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gerontology and Ageing
This chapter presents a report on the six guiding principles that are derived from the information shared by project personnel. These are raising awareness of caregiver issues, encouraging caregiver ...
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This chapter presents a report on the six guiding principles that are derived from the information shared by project personnel. These are raising awareness of caregiver issues, encouraging caregiver leadership, acknowledging caregivers as partners in care, building community capacity, networking to engage and maintain the interest of key stakeholders, and developing advisory steering committee structures. It also studies the implementation of ‘respite as an outcome, not a service’ in three rural regions of Canada, using the point of view of the project personnel who were working within formal organisational structures.Less
This chapter presents a report on the six guiding principles that are derived from the information shared by project personnel. These are raising awareness of caregiver issues, encouraging caregiver leadership, acknowledging caregivers as partners in care, building community capacity, networking to engage and maintain the interest of key stakeholders, and developing advisory steering committee structures. It also studies the implementation of ‘respite as an outcome, not a service’ in three rural regions of Canada, using the point of view of the project personnel who were working within formal organisational structures.
Richard Schulz and Joan K. Monin
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195388107
- eISBN:
- 9780199918386
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195388107.003.0053
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter explores the costs and benefits of informal caregiving at the individual level. On the cost side of the equation we describe the negative physical and psychological health effects of ...
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This chapter explores the costs and benefits of informal caregiving at the individual level. On the cost side of the equation we describe the negative physical and psychological health effects of caregiving as well as the effects of caregiving on labor force participation and vice versa. On the benefits side we describe recent findings that caregiving may be psychologically or physically beneficial to caregivers. We reconcile these divergent literatures and show how caregiving can either help and harm the caregiver depending on the intensity of care demands, the magnitude of care recipient suffering, and caregivers’ ability to positively affect care recipient outcomes.Less
This chapter explores the costs and benefits of informal caregiving at the individual level. On the cost side of the equation we describe the negative physical and psychological health effects of caregiving as well as the effects of caregiving on labor force participation and vice versa. On the benefits side we describe recent findings that caregiving may be psychologically or physically beneficial to caregivers. We reconcile these divergent literatures and show how caregiving can either help and harm the caregiver depending on the intensity of care demands, the magnitude of care recipient suffering, and caregivers’ ability to positively affect care recipient outcomes.
Denise Carson
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520251083
- eISBN:
- 9780520949416
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520251083.003.0009
- Subject:
- Anthropology, American and Canadian Cultural Anthropology
Vigil is a rite observed usually on the third day. It is called a wake in the Roman Catholic tradition. Family and close friends gather around the deceased for a viewing to say their prayers and ...
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Vigil is a rite observed usually on the third day. It is called a wake in the Roman Catholic tradition. Family and close friends gather around the deceased for a viewing to say their prayers and goodbyes on the eve of the funeral and burial. Sitting vigil with the dying person is an act of support for the dying partner and for the caregiver. To sit vigil requires the recognition and acceptance of death. It is an act of honoring the final stage of life and helps to create a quiet and peaceful environment for death. During this state of acceptance there are no attempts to resuscitate. Often circles of friends, family, and hospice workers rotate the sittings so as not to overwhelm one individual caregiver. To describe the complexities of the rite vigil, this chapter looks at the life experience of Megory Anderson, a death doula or a spiritual escort to death's door.Less
Vigil is a rite observed usually on the third day. It is called a wake in the Roman Catholic tradition. Family and close friends gather around the deceased for a viewing to say their prayers and goodbyes on the eve of the funeral and burial. Sitting vigil with the dying person is an act of support for the dying partner and for the caregiver. To sit vigil requires the recognition and acceptance of death. It is an act of honoring the final stage of life and helps to create a quiet and peaceful environment for death. During this state of acceptance there are no attempts to resuscitate. Often circles of friends, family, and hospice workers rotate the sittings so as not to overwhelm one individual caregiver. To describe the complexities of the rite vigil, this chapter looks at the life experience of Megory Anderson, a death doula or a spiritual escort to death's door.
Geraldine Pratt
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748615698
- eISBN:
- 9780748671243
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748615698.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Social Groups
Drawing on interviews with domestic workers, government representatives and nanny agents, Canada's program to import domestic workers from the Philippines is interpreted through a Foucauldian lens. ...
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Drawing on interviews with domestic workers, government representatives and nanny agents, Canada's program to import domestic workers from the Philippines is interpreted through a Foucauldian lens. Rather than rendering it as a simple instance of Canada exploiting third-women as a low-cost labour supply, the chapter examines how Filipinas are produced as long-term low-paid caregivers by a range of agents and institutions: the Philippine government, various levels of the Canadian government, Filipino and Canadian nanny agents, Canadian families and other Filipino immigrants. These agents and institutions have different interests and produce Filipinas within different discursive frames. A careful delineation of these local centres of power provides a sense of the interplay between local tactics and overall strategy.Less
Drawing on interviews with domestic workers, government representatives and nanny agents, Canada's program to import domestic workers from the Philippines is interpreted through a Foucauldian lens. Rather than rendering it as a simple instance of Canada exploiting third-women as a low-cost labour supply, the chapter examines how Filipinas are produced as long-term low-paid caregivers by a range of agents and institutions: the Philippine government, various levels of the Canadian government, Filipino and Canadian nanny agents, Canadian families and other Filipino immigrants. These agents and institutions have different interests and produce Filipinas within different discursive frames. A careful delineation of these local centres of power provides a sense of the interplay between local tactics and overall strategy.
Sherry N. Mong
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781501751448
- eISBN:
- 9781501751479
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501751448.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Health, Illness, and Medicine
This chapter gives a brief introduction of the significance of the work of caregivers and what it's like to work as a caregiver. It talks about the debate over home health care. The “home care is ...
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This chapter gives a brief introduction of the significance of the work of caregivers and what it's like to work as a caregiver. It talks about the debate over home health care. The “home care is best” view casts the home as a place of rest and healing, and emphasizes the patient's comfort and the caregiver's love and concern. This view, however, downplays the costs associated with caregiving. There are issues with balancing work and family care, and many caregivers experienced sleeplessness and anxiety. Though most caregivers developed a “you do what you have to do” attitude and were able to figure out a way to perform the tasks, it was not a simple process. The chapter also discusses how caregivers are primarily forced laborers. “Home care for all” downplays caregiver labor and does not consider unmet caregiver needs or the particular nuisances of the home health situation. It discusses how workplace scholars have generally confined their analyses of medical labor to paid wage labor. By recognizing only those who are compensated, scholars allow capitalism to define work processes and to determine who it is that we consider as workers. This began a dichotomous division of labor whereby unpaid work in the “private sphere” was seen as personal and emotional, and paid work in the “public sphere” was seen as rational and productive. The separate-spheres construct not only fails to recognize the enormous contributions made in the private sphere, but also ideologically places “love” in the home and “labor” in paid jobs.Less
This chapter gives a brief introduction of the significance of the work of caregivers and what it's like to work as a caregiver. It talks about the debate over home health care. The “home care is best” view casts the home as a place of rest and healing, and emphasizes the patient's comfort and the caregiver's love and concern. This view, however, downplays the costs associated with caregiving. There are issues with balancing work and family care, and many caregivers experienced sleeplessness and anxiety. Though most caregivers developed a “you do what you have to do” attitude and were able to figure out a way to perform the tasks, it was not a simple process. The chapter also discusses how caregivers are primarily forced laborers. “Home care for all” downplays caregiver labor and does not consider unmet caregiver needs or the particular nuisances of the home health situation. It discusses how workplace scholars have generally confined their analyses of medical labor to paid wage labor. By recognizing only those who are compensated, scholars allow capitalism to define work processes and to determine who it is that we consider as workers. This began a dichotomous division of labor whereby unpaid work in the “private sphere” was seen as personal and emotional, and paid work in the “public sphere” was seen as rational and productive. The separate-spheres construct not only fails to recognize the enormous contributions made in the private sphere, but also ideologically places “love” in the home and “labor” in paid jobs.
Cameron Lynne Macdonald
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520222328
- eISBN:
- 9780520947818
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520222328.003.0005
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
This chapter presents management and monitoring strategies put in place after the caregiver has been hired. These strategies that range from micromanagement to benign inattention that assumes the ...
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This chapter presents management and monitoring strategies put in place after the caregiver has been hired. These strategies that range from micromanagement to benign inattention that assumes the existence of an intuitive connection between employer and nanny and each of these treats the caregiver as an extension of the mother rather than as an individual with her own distinctive relationship to the children. The objective of these strategies is to orchestrate the daily lives of the nanny and children to mirror the employer's image of the care she imagines she would provide if she were an at-home mother herself.Less
This chapter presents management and monitoring strategies put in place after the caregiver has been hired. These strategies that range from micromanagement to benign inattention that assumes the existence of an intuitive connection between employer and nanny and each of these treats the caregiver as an extension of the mother rather than as an individual with her own distinctive relationship to the children. The objective of these strategies is to orchestrate the daily lives of the nanny and children to mirror the employer's image of the care she imagines she would provide if she were an at-home mother herself.
Cameron Lynne Macdonald
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520222328
- eISBN:
- 9780520947818
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520222328.003.0009
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
This chapter examines alternative employer-childcare provider relationships and explores avenues for change. It describes the common relationships between mother-employers and nannies and shows that ...
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This chapter examines alternative employer-childcare provider relationships and explores avenues for change. It describes the common relationships between mother-employers and nannies and shows that paid childcare can be incorporated into family life in ways that benefit all the participants. It explains that nannies who reflected on their ideal relationship also emphasized the importance of communication and mutual respect. It highlights the importance of determining best practices that facilitate successful communication and mutual recognition in parent-caregiver relationships given the fact that childcare workers are here to stay as crucial members of families' childrearing strategies.Less
This chapter examines alternative employer-childcare provider relationships and explores avenues for change. It describes the common relationships between mother-employers and nannies and shows that paid childcare can be incorporated into family life in ways that benefit all the participants. It explains that nannies who reflected on their ideal relationship also emphasized the importance of communication and mutual respect. It highlights the importance of determining best practices that facilitate successful communication and mutual recognition in parent-caregiver relationships given the fact that childcare workers are here to stay as crucial members of families' childrearing strategies.
