Debra L. Dodson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780198296744
- eISBN:
- 9780191603709
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296746.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This book explores the complex relationship between women’s presence and impact in two strikingly different, consecutive congresses. Drawing on hundreds of elite interviews and archival information, ...
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This book explores the complex relationship between women’s presence and impact in two strikingly different, consecutive congresses. Drawing on hundreds of elite interviews and archival information, the case studies of three highly visible policy areas (reproductive rights, women’s health, and health care policy) move beyond the question of ‘Do women make a difference?’ to confront the oft-ignored, contested issues surrounding gender difference and impact: its probabilistic nature, contested legitimacy, and disputed meaning. The analysis enhances understanding of how gendered forces at the individual, institutional, and societal levels combine to reinforce and redefine gendered relationships to power in the public sphere, and suggests strategies to strengthen substantive representation of women.Less
This book explores the complex relationship between women’s presence and impact in two strikingly different, consecutive congresses. Drawing on hundreds of elite interviews and archival information, the case studies of three highly visible policy areas (reproductive rights, women’s health, and health care policy) move beyond the question of ‘Do women make a difference?’ to confront the oft-ignored, contested issues surrounding gender difference and impact: its probabilistic nature, contested legitimacy, and disputed meaning. The analysis enhances understanding of how gendered forces at the individual, institutional, and societal levels combine to reinforce and redefine gendered relationships to power in the public sphere, and suggests strategies to strengthen substantive representation of women.
Thomas Greaney
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195390131
- eISBN:
- 9780199775934
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390131.003.006
- Subject:
- Law, Medical Law
This chapter traces the path of competition law in health care and explains its chicken-and-egg relationship with provider organizational arrangements. It explores a central puzzle for future health ...
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This chapter traces the path of competition law in health care and explains its chicken-and-egg relationship with provider organizational arrangements. It explores a central puzzle for future health care policy: Why have market forces failed to counteract organizational fragmentation? Answering this question requires an understanding of how competition policy is inexorably linked to the organizational architecture of health care and how the fragmentation that bedevils those arrangements has undermined its success. The chapter concludes with a negative assessment of recent consumer-driven approaches, finding them likely to increase fragmentation and incapable of delivering the benefits of competition.Less
This chapter traces the path of competition law in health care and explains its chicken-and-egg relationship with provider organizational arrangements. It explores a central puzzle for future health care policy: Why have market forces failed to counteract organizational fragmentation? Answering this question requires an understanding of how competition policy is inexorably linked to the organizational architecture of health care and how the fragmentation that bedevils those arrangements has undermined its success. The chapter concludes with a negative assessment of recent consumer-driven approaches, finding them likely to increase fragmentation and incapable of delivering the benefits of competition.
Frank Pasquale
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195390131
- eISBN:
- 9780199775934
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390131.003.011
- Subject:
- Law, Medical Law
This chapter focuses on the need for more targeted assessment of the impact of market forces on communities. Pilot programs encourage experimentation in the delivery system without risking widespread ...
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This chapter focuses on the need for more targeted assessment of the impact of market forces on communities. Pilot programs encourage experimentation in the delivery system without risking widespread disruption of care for the uninsured and emergency services. The Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has already embraced the idea of pilot programs in other contexts, and they could be especially appropriate if specialty hospitals were permitted in markets where general hospitals had a demonstrably poor record of community service. In such markets, cross-subsidization is probably already low, and specialty hospital threats to it are not as much of a concern as they are in areas where general hospitals consistently serve a substantial base of indigent and uninsured patients. Part II of the chapter makes the case for pilot programs by laying out basic facts about the current performance of specialty hospitals. Part III describes the increasingly complex legal landscape surrounding them—including directly applicable provisions of state and federal laws, and incumbent hospitals' strategies to deploy other regulations, statutes, and common law to gain competitive advantage. After briefly describing the drawbacks of all these strategies, Part IV advances the positive contribution of the chapter: a turn to pilot programs that would promote an evidence-based response to the rise of specialty hospitals.Less
This chapter focuses on the need for more targeted assessment of the impact of market forces on communities. Pilot programs encourage experimentation in the delivery system without risking widespread disruption of care for the uninsured and emergency services. The Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has already embraced the idea of pilot programs in other contexts, and they could be especially appropriate if specialty hospitals were permitted in markets where general hospitals had a demonstrably poor record of community service. In such markets, cross-subsidization is probably already low, and specialty hospital threats to it are not as much of a concern as they are in areas where general hospitals consistently serve a substantial base of indigent and uninsured patients. Part II of the chapter makes the case for pilot programs by laying out basic facts about the current performance of specialty hospitals. Part III describes the increasingly complex legal landscape surrounding them—including directly applicable provisions of state and federal laws, and incumbent hospitals' strategies to deploy other regulations, statutes, and common law to gain competitive advantage. After briefly describing the drawbacks of all these strategies, Part IV advances the positive contribution of the chapter: a turn to pilot programs that would promote an evidence-based response to the rise of specialty hospitals.
Theodore R. Marmor
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195390131
- eISBN:
- 9780199775934
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390131.003.015
- Subject:
- Law, Medical Law
This chapter addresses the past four decades of American health care politics, asking whether the idea of fragmentation provides a central and helpful analytical perspective. Part I reviews the ...
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This chapter addresses the past four decades of American health care politics, asking whether the idea of fragmentation provides a central and helpful analytical perspective. Part I reviews the highlights of health policy disputes from the 1970s to the 2000s. Part II places the United States in comparative perspective. Part III discusses the regulation versus competition debate that has been such a dominant part of American medical care discussion since the 1970s. Part IV discusses the issues raised by efforts to reform Medicare, and questions whether the theme of fragmentation illuminates those policy disputes. Part V concludes that fragmentation refers to many disparate features of American medical care and politics, and is illuminating only when tied to specific institutions, internests, and ideas.Less
This chapter addresses the past four decades of American health care politics, asking whether the idea of fragmentation provides a central and helpful analytical perspective. Part I reviews the highlights of health policy disputes from the 1970s to the 2000s. Part II places the United States in comparative perspective. Part III discusses the regulation versus competition debate that has been such a dominant part of American medical care discussion since the 1970s. Part IV discusses the issues raised by efforts to reform Medicare, and questions whether the theme of fragmentation illuminates those policy disputes. Part V concludes that fragmentation refers to many disparate features of American medical care and politics, and is illuminating only when tied to specific institutions, internests, and ideas.
James P. Gleeson
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195109405
- eISBN:
- 9780199865789
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195109405.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter examines kinship care policy development in Illinois. The policy issues and trends that shaped the use of kinship care as a child welfare service are presented. Future trends that will ...
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This chapter examines kinship care policy development in Illinois. The policy issues and trends that shaped the use of kinship care as a child welfare service are presented. Future trends that will influence the use of kinship care are discussed.Less
This chapter examines kinship care policy development in Illinois. The policy issues and trends that shaped the use of kinship care as a child welfare service are presented. Future trends that will influence the use of kinship care are discussed.
Eric Helland and Jonathan Klick
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195390131
- eISBN:
- 9780199775934
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390131.003.010
- Subject:
- Law, Medical Law
This chapter argues that although concern for individuals with relatively high expected health care costs may justify significant cross-subsidization on normative grounds, it makes sense as a matter ...
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This chapter argues that although concern for individuals with relatively high expected health care costs may justify significant cross-subsidization on normative grounds, it makes sense as a matter of fairness and in terms of minimizing attendant efficiency losses to sever the employment link, enacting a program through which cross-subsidization occurs within society more generally. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 2 briefly reviews the literature on labor market distortions related to health insurance benefits. Section 3 discusses how many individuals are likely to be “uninsurable” in an insurance market in which coverage is not tied to a person's employer. Section 4 lays out the proposal to move individuals requiring subsidies to a broad-based pool financed through the federal tax system, and discusses the determinants of health insurance affordability and pricing mechanism. Section 5 discusses the necessary federalization of Medicaid and the abolition of state-level insurance mandates that accompany our proposal. Section 6 examines the experience of other countries in order to shed light on the efficacy of our proposal, and Section 7 concludes.Less
This chapter argues that although concern for individuals with relatively high expected health care costs may justify significant cross-subsidization on normative grounds, it makes sense as a matter of fairness and in terms of minimizing attendant efficiency losses to sever the employment link, enacting a program through which cross-subsidization occurs within society more generally. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 2 briefly reviews the literature on labor market distortions related to health insurance benefits. Section 3 discusses how many individuals are likely to be “uninsurable” in an insurance market in which coverage is not tied to a person's employer. Section 4 lays out the proposal to move individuals requiring subsidies to a broad-based pool financed through the federal tax system, and discusses the determinants of health insurance affordability and pricing mechanism. Section 5 discusses the necessary federalization of Medicaid and the abolition of state-level insurance mandates that accompany our proposal. Section 6 examines the experience of other countries in order to shed light on the efficacy of our proposal, and Section 7 concludes.
Li-Mei Chen
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195173727
- eISBN:
- 9780199893218
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195173727.003.0081
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
In recent decades, the development of the long-term care (LTC) policies in the United States has lagged behind the growing care needs of older persons with chronic illnesses and mental or physical ...
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In recent decades, the development of the long-term care (LTC) policies in the United States has lagged behind the growing care needs of older persons with chronic illnesses and mental or physical disabilities, and their families. In most industrialized societies, the responsibilities for social policy and service delivery are seen as shared by the household, the state, and the marketplace. In these societies, an assurance of government involvement to protect an individual's minimum standard of living when the market fails to do so, is an important policy principle. A policy based on a balanced and complementary system between the private (market and household) and public sectors is often sought by progressive reformers. However, in the United States, LTC polices are lopsided, with the responsibility for LTC provision primarily placed on the elder's household. This chapter examines the development of federal and state policies affecting LTC, namely, nursing homes and other providers of such care. It presents relevant issues surrounding LTC vis-à-vis the political, social, and economic changes in U.S. society.Less
In recent decades, the development of the long-term care (LTC) policies in the United States has lagged behind the growing care needs of older persons with chronic illnesses and mental or physical disabilities, and their families. In most industrialized societies, the responsibilities for social policy and service delivery are seen as shared by the household, the state, and the marketplace. In these societies, an assurance of government involvement to protect an individual's minimum standard of living when the market fails to do so, is an important policy principle. A policy based on a balanced and complementary system between the private (market and household) and public sectors is often sought by progressive reformers. However, in the United States, LTC polices are lopsided, with the responsibility for LTC provision primarily placed on the elder's household. This chapter examines the development of federal and state policies affecting LTC, namely, nursing homes and other providers of such care. It presents relevant issues surrounding LTC vis-à-vis the political, social, and economic changes in U.S. society.
Victoria H.Raveis
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195173727
- eISBN:
- 9780199893218
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195173727.003.0084
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
This chapter provides a detailed review of issues related to end-of-life care. Specific attention is focused on financing the care of dying elders, including information on how care is paid for, the ...
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This chapter provides a detailed review of issues related to end-of-life care. Specific attention is focused on financing the care of dying elders, including information on how care is paid for, the gaps and limitations in coverage, and relevant regulations and policies impacting end-of-life care options. Disparities in care at the end of life are examined. Attention is also focused on cultural factors that influence elders' care decisions. Ethical and legal issues related to end-of-life care for the elderly are addressed, including advanced directives and assisted suicide. The chapter concludes with policy recommendations to improve care at the end of life.Less
This chapter provides a detailed review of issues related to end-of-life care. Specific attention is focused on financing the care of dying elders, including information on how care is paid for, the gaps and limitations in coverage, and relevant regulations and policies impacting end-of-life care options. Disparities in care at the end of life are examined. Attention is also focused on cultural factors that influence elders' care decisions. Ethical and legal issues related to end-of-life care for the elderly are addressed, including advanced directives and assisted suicide. The chapter concludes with policy recommendations to improve care at the end of life.
Markus Haverland
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262955
- eISBN:
- 9780191734465
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262955.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter analyses the Europeanization of German social policy, focusing on the sectors of old-age pensions and health care. It begins by establishing the specific properties of German social ...
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This chapter analyses the Europeanization of German social policy, focusing on the sectors of old-age pensions and health care. It begins by establishing the specific properties of German social policy from a cross-national perspective. This will be done for the mid-1970s, hence prior to any major potential direct or indirect EU effect. Next, the chapter reviews the potential European, global, and domestic pressures on old-age pension arrangements and health care. It contextualizes social policy development to isolate EU integration as a variable from other factors such as demographic change (‘greying’ of the society), individualization, technological change, German unification, and economic and financial globalization, which may point in similar directions. The major part of the discussion reviews the development of German pension and health care policy over the last decades, and analyses the extent to which these developments can be attributed to EU integration.Less
This chapter analyses the Europeanization of German social policy, focusing on the sectors of old-age pensions and health care. It begins by establishing the specific properties of German social policy from a cross-national perspective. This will be done for the mid-1970s, hence prior to any major potential direct or indirect EU effect. Next, the chapter reviews the potential European, global, and domestic pressures on old-age pension arrangements and health care. It contextualizes social policy development to isolate EU integration as a variable from other factors such as demographic change (‘greying’ of the society), individualization, technological change, German unification, and economic and financial globalization, which may point in similar directions. The major part of the discussion reviews the development of German pension and health care policy over the last decades, and analyses the extent to which these developments can be attributed to EU integration.
Liz Forbat
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861346216
- eISBN:
- 9781447303671
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861346216.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
Despite its familiarity, the realities of care are both complex and contested. This book looks at the co-existence of both care and abuse in relationships. It demonstrates ways of increasing critical ...
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Despite its familiarity, the realities of care are both complex and contested. This book looks at the co-existence of both care and abuse in relationships. It demonstrates ways of increasing critical reflexivity when working with people involved in difficult care relationships. The book emphasises that when talking about care, we need to care about talk. Discourse analysis is introduced as a method of investigating relationships, policy, and literature in informal care. Analytic tools are considered alongside case studies to illustrate how both carer and the person being cared for construct their relationship and account for difficulties with each other.Less
Despite its familiarity, the realities of care are both complex and contested. This book looks at the co-existence of both care and abuse in relationships. It demonstrates ways of increasing critical reflexivity when working with people involved in difficult care relationships. The book emphasises that when talking about care, we need to care about talk. Discourse analysis is introduced as a method of investigating relationships, policy, and literature in informal care. Analytic tools are considered alongside case studies to illustrate how both carer and the person being cared for construct their relationship and account for difficulties with each other.
Robyn Muncy
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691122731
- eISBN:
- 9781400852413
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691122731.003.0012
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter details events in Josephine Roche's life from 1935 to 1939. Despite her many other roles, Roche's primary obligation in the New Deal government was oversight of health policy. She ...
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This chapter details events in Josephine Roche's life from 1935 to 1939. Despite her many other roles, Roche's primary obligation in the New Deal government was oversight of health policy. She fulfilled that obligation in two ways. Within the Treasury Department, she took charge of the Public Health Service at a moment of explosive growth, championing a vastly expanded mandate for the agency and building a more effective public health infrastructure in the states. Outside the Treasury, she spearheaded a campaign to elevate health care to the status of a “basic American right.” In the course of that campaign, Roche patched together a national health plan, which she used to generate a nationwide conversation about the role of the federal government in health care.Less
This chapter details events in Josephine Roche's life from 1935 to 1939. Despite her many other roles, Roche's primary obligation in the New Deal government was oversight of health policy. She fulfilled that obligation in two ways. Within the Treasury Department, she took charge of the Public Health Service at a moment of explosive growth, championing a vastly expanded mandate for the agency and building a more effective public health infrastructure in the states. Outside the Treasury, she spearheaded a campaign to elevate health care to the status of a “basic American right.” In the course of that campaign, Roche patched together a national health plan, which she used to generate a nationwide conversation about the role of the federal government in health care.
Julia Downing and Richard Harding
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199599400
- eISBN:
- 9780191739170
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199599400.003.0087
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
This chapter focuses on public health policy regarding end-of-life care in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). There is an overwhelming need for quality palliative care services across SSA. Centres of ...
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This chapter focuses on public health policy regarding end-of-life care in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). There is an overwhelming need for quality palliative care services across SSA. Centres of excellence exist and enormous advocacy gains have been made. Lessons have been learnt in terms of coverage, lobbying and advocacy, and innovative low cost integrated palliative care in an unpredictable trajectory that can be useful for other regions of the world. However, palliative care remains a public health priority within the region and practitioners need to continue to be innovative, adapting and developing appropriate models of care that best meet the public health needs for all.Less
This chapter focuses on public health policy regarding end-of-life care in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). There is an overwhelming need for quality palliative care services across SSA. Centres of excellence exist and enormous advocacy gains have been made. Lessons have been learnt in terms of coverage, lobbying and advocacy, and innovative low cost integrated palliative care in an unpredictable trajectory that can be useful for other regions of the world. However, palliative care remains a public health priority within the region and practitioners need to continue to be innovative, adapting and developing appropriate models of care that best meet the public health needs for all.
Susan Balloch
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861348715
- eISBN:
- 9781447301608
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861348715.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Communities and Organizations
This chapter focuses on recent policy developments in the UK that have revived concepts of citizenship and community within the context of care. It identifies positive developments such as the move ...
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This chapter focuses on recent policy developments in the UK that have revived concepts of citizenship and community within the context of care. It identifies positive developments such as the move away from institutional care to home care; the development of more integrated working between health and social care; the increasing emphasis on independence, choice, rights, and citizenship; and the drive to relate local services to local needs. The chapter also identifies the welcome, renewed emphasis in the Green and White Papers on strengthening links between communities and social care. But the picture is very mixed, and the market in social care means that there are not only winners, but losers too. The high costs of care require rationing, with strict criteria to determine eligibility for statutory services and limits on the extent of statutory support. In spite of the move away from residential care towards more intensive home care, there are many in need who cannot benefit from either.Less
This chapter focuses on recent policy developments in the UK that have revived concepts of citizenship and community within the context of care. It identifies positive developments such as the move away from institutional care to home care; the development of more integrated working between health and social care; the increasing emphasis on independence, choice, rights, and citizenship; and the drive to relate local services to local needs. The chapter also identifies the welcome, renewed emphasis in the Green and White Papers on strengthening links between communities and social care. But the picture is very mixed, and the market in social care means that there are not only winners, but losers too. The high costs of care require rationing, with strict criteria to determine eligibility for statutory services and limits on the extent of statutory support. In spite of the move away from residential care towards more intensive home care, there are many in need who cannot benefit from either.
Wendy B. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195375596
- eISBN:
- 9780199893355
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195375596.003.0013
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
Chapter 13 is divided between policy and research. The policy section discusses agenda-setting and the social construction of the “problem” of youth leaving care. Policy issues affecting children ...
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Chapter 13 is divided between policy and research. The policy section discusses agenda-setting and the social construction of the “problem” of youth leaving care. Policy issues affecting children in foster care and during the transition to adulthood are discussed, with an emphasis on the importance of quality foster care and permanent connections. Key policy recommendations are offered. The research section presents the current state of research, noting understudied areas, and suggesting important future directions. Key research recommendations are offered.Less
Chapter 13 is divided between policy and research. The policy section discusses agenda-setting and the social construction of the “problem” of youth leaving care. Policy issues affecting children in foster care and during the transition to adulthood are discussed, with an emphasis on the importance of quality foster care and permanent connections. Key policy recommendations are offered. The research section presents the current state of research, noting understudied areas, and suggesting important future directions. Key research recommendations are offered.
Ulrike Schneider, Gerdt Sundström, Lennarth Johannson, and María A. Tortosa
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781447305057
- eISBN:
- 9781447311539
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447305057.003.0010
- Subject:
- Earth Sciences and Geography, Urban Geography
Informal care is a significant source of support for dependent adults. Therefore, policies need to address its potential benefits and costs to care recipients, family carers and society at large. In ...
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Informal care is a significant source of support for dependent adults. Therefore, policies need to address its potential benefits and costs to care recipients, family carers and society at large. In this context, the purpose of this chapter is threefold: to classify policies supporting informal care and to introduce their major building blocks; to illustrate changes in policy logics and instruments over time and to review the empirical research on the success of specific approaches. Over the past 15 years European care regimes, including policies to support informal care, seem to have moved closer together. Several countries now apply dual approaches. Evidence on the effectiveness of support measures is still scarce. Caregiver education and respite care appear effective. The impact of support measures varies by intervention characteristics and subgroups of carers. Studies point to a gap between the support desired by informal carers and what is being offered to them. Support should be tailored to the specific needs of subgroups of carers and guided by systematic evaluation.Less
Informal care is a significant source of support for dependent adults. Therefore, policies need to address its potential benefits and costs to care recipients, family carers and society at large. In this context, the purpose of this chapter is threefold: to classify policies supporting informal care and to introduce their major building blocks; to illustrate changes in policy logics and instruments over time and to review the empirical research on the success of specific approaches. Over the past 15 years European care regimes, including policies to support informal care, seem to have moved closer together. Several countries now apply dual approaches. Evidence on the effectiveness of support measures is still scarce. Caregiver education and respite care appear effective. The impact of support measures varies by intervention characteristics and subgroups of carers. Studies point to a gap between the support desired by informal carers and what is being offered to them. Support should be tailored to the specific needs of subgroups of carers and guided by systematic evaluation.
Theodore R. Marmor, Richard Freeman, and Kieke G. H. Okma
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300149838
- eISBN:
- 9780300155952
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300149838.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This chapter explores the methodological questions raised by concerns about weaknesses in international comparison in health policy. The core question is how one nation can learn from another ...
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This chapter explores the methodological questions raised by concerns about weaknesses in international comparison in health policy. The core question is how one nation can learn from another competently in health care policy. The chapter is organized as follows. The first section describes the political context of health and welfare state reform debates during the last three decades of the twentieth century. The second section takes up the topic of cross-national policy learning more directly, addressing some of the promises and methodological pitfalls of such work. The third section focuses on health reform debates, reviews the claims of convergence among industrialized countries, and outlines the expansive scholarship on comparative health policy. The fourth section addresses the purposes, promises, and pitfalls of comparative studies in health policy. The fifth section groups the works in categories that highlight the character, possibilities, and limits of this comparative literature. The concluding section returns to the chapter's basic theme: the real promise of comparative policy scholarship and the mixed portrait of performance to date.Less
This chapter explores the methodological questions raised by concerns about weaknesses in international comparison in health policy. The core question is how one nation can learn from another competently in health care policy. The chapter is organized as follows. The first section describes the political context of health and welfare state reform debates during the last three decades of the twentieth century. The second section takes up the topic of cross-national policy learning more directly, addressing some of the promises and methodological pitfalls of such work. The third section focuses on health reform debates, reviews the claims of convergence among industrialized countries, and outlines the expansive scholarship on comparative health policy. The fourth section addresses the purposes, promises, and pitfalls of comparative studies in health policy. The fifth section groups the works in categories that highlight the character, possibilities, and limits of this comparative literature. The concluding section returns to the chapter's basic theme: the real promise of comparative policy scholarship and the mixed portrait of performance to date.
David A. Leon and Gill Walt
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780192631961
- eISBN:
- 9780191723599
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192631961.003.0009
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter considers the role of health care systems in generating poverty and inequality. It argues that health care systems, as social institutions, are built out of the existing social structure ...
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This chapter considers the role of health care systems in generating poverty and inequality. It argues that health care systems, as social institutions, are built out of the existing social structure and carry its inequalities within them. However, health care systems are also a key site for contestation of existing inequality: they offer a representation back to us of our societies' capacity for care, and a public space for reworking those capacities. Effective health care reform that seeks to make the social institutions of health care more equitable must draw from an effective theory of health care system/inequality interaction. An approach to conceptualizing health care reform is presented.Less
This chapter considers the role of health care systems in generating poverty and inequality. It argues that health care systems, as social institutions, are built out of the existing social structure and carry its inequalities within them. However, health care systems are also a key site for contestation of existing inequality: they offer a representation back to us of our societies' capacity for care, and a public space for reworking those capacities. Effective health care reform that seeks to make the social institutions of health care more equitable must draw from an effective theory of health care system/inequality interaction. An approach to conceptualizing health care reform is presented.
Andrew Green
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780198571346
- eISBN:
- 9780191724138
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198571346.003.0005
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter discusses the financing aspect of health-care planning. It outlines the pressures that have led to the current interest in health-care financing, and argues that country-specific ...
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This chapter discusses the financing aspect of health-care planning. It outlines the pressures that have led to the current interest in health-care financing, and argues that country-specific analysis of these pressures needs to be undertaken by planners as a basis for policy formulation. Criteria for assessing funding mechanisms are introduced, and the major alternatives for financing health care are described. Recent developments in the way in which external support is provided are discussed.Less
This chapter discusses the financing aspect of health-care planning. It outlines the pressures that have led to the current interest in health-care financing, and argues that country-specific analysis of these pressures needs to be undertaken by planners as a basis for policy formulation. Criteria for assessing funding mechanisms are introduced, and the major alternatives for financing health care are described. Recent developments in the way in which external support is provided are discussed.
Martin Pfaff
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300149838
- eISBN:
- 9780300155952
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300149838.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This chapter examines heath care reform in Germany. It begins with a brief description of the German health care system and its operation—its political dynamics and its recent evolution. It then ...
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This chapter examines heath care reform in Germany. It begins with a brief description of the German health care system and its operation—its political dynamics and its recent evolution. It then turns to the role of evidence and learning in general and in the German context in particular, citing examples of evidence versus interests and power as guiding principles in the policy-making process and of cross-border learning for and from the German experience.Less
This chapter examines heath care reform in Germany. It begins with a brief description of the German health care system and its operation—its political dynamics and its recent evolution. It then turns to the role of evidence and learning in general and in the German context in particular, citing examples of evidence versus interests and power as guiding principles in the policy-making process and of cross-border learning for and from the German experience.
Kieke G. H. Okma and Michael B. Decter
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300149838
- eISBN:
- 9780300155952
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300149838.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Hospitals across countries face common pressures of changing ideology, shifting consumer demand, and financial and budgetary pressure. This chapter addresses the question of whether such common ...
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Hospitals across countries face common pressures of changing ideology, shifting consumer demand, and financial and budgetary pressure. This chapter addresses the question of whether such common pressure also leads to similar policy directions and organizational change. It examines the experience of five industrialized countries: the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.Less
Hospitals across countries face common pressures of changing ideology, shifting consumer demand, and financial and budgetary pressure. This chapter addresses the question of whether such common pressure also leads to similar policy directions and organizational change. It examines the experience of five industrialized countries: the United States, Canada, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.
