Benjamin C. Waterhouse
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691149165
- eISBN:
- 9781400848171
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691149165.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter discusses how the institutional developments at the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce grew directly from the political and economic upheaval of ...
More
This chapter discusses how the institutional developments at the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce grew directly from the political and economic upheaval of the late 1960s and early 1970s and paved the way for effective pan-business lobbying in the years ahead. The tumultuous 1960s had altered the landscape of Congress and party politics, particularly through the rise of public interest liberalism and its demands for greater federal intervention with regard to employment equality, consumer and worker protection, and environmental stewardship. In this new political context, business leaders at the NAM and the Chamber refashioned their public image, refined their approaches to lobbying, and broadened their policy prescriptions.Less
This chapter discusses how the institutional developments at the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce grew directly from the political and economic upheaval of the late 1960s and early 1970s and paved the way for effective pan-business lobbying in the years ahead. The tumultuous 1960s had altered the landscape of Congress and party politics, particularly through the rise of public interest liberalism and its demands for greater federal intervention with regard to employment equality, consumer and worker protection, and environmental stewardship. In this new political context, business leaders at the NAM and the Chamber refashioned their public image, refined their approaches to lobbying, and broadened their policy prescriptions.
Benjamin C. Waterhouse
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691149165
- eISBN:
- 9781400848171
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691149165.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter traces the complex politics of inflation from the onset of wage-price controls in 1971 through the peak of America's inflationary experience during the Carter administration. During ...
More
This chapter traces the complex politics of inflation from the onset of wage-price controls in 1971 through the peak of America's inflationary experience during the Carter administration. During those years, the country's major business associations successfully mobilized a powerful lobbying operation by negotiating the new political terrain that inflation created. From the frustrating nadir, typified by the public spat between treasury secretary John Connally and Vice President Arch Booth, organized business leaders rebounded mightily, successfully engaging in both ideological debates and interest group politics to bolster their institutional unity and achieve clear policy victories. Historically, battles over price instability emerged along the class lines created by an industrial political economy—they pitted the interests of workers against those of employers, or labor against capital.Less
This chapter traces the complex politics of inflation from the onset of wage-price controls in 1971 through the peak of America's inflationary experience during the Carter administration. During those years, the country's major business associations successfully mobilized a powerful lobbying operation by negotiating the new political terrain that inflation created. From the frustrating nadir, typified by the public spat between treasury secretary John Connally and Vice President Arch Booth, organized business leaders rebounded mightily, successfully engaging in both ideological debates and interest group politics to bolster their institutional unity and achieve clear policy victories. Historically, battles over price instability emerged along the class lines created by an industrial political economy—they pitted the interests of workers against those of employers, or labor against capital.
Stephen Bell
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199562992
- eISBN:
- 9780191701856
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562992.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Business leaders are assumed to play an important role in the national leadership of liberal democracies, an idea supported by major political theories. Pluralists have focused on the often ...
More
Business leaders are assumed to play an important role in the national leadership of liberal democracies, an idea supported by major political theories. Pluralists have focused on the often fragmented nature of business interests and point to the competing interests as they highlight the challenges of collective action that business leaders may have to confront in politics. This chapter discusses the capacity and power resources that business leaders bring to the task of exerting national influence or leadership and the impediments or constraints that these leaders have to deal in politics as well as the level of engagement they have with governments. As the chapter reveals answers to the inquiry, it also exposes how the operation of business influence and leadership in Australia is compromised by various institutional and ideological factors.Less
Business leaders are assumed to play an important role in the national leadership of liberal democracies, an idea supported by major political theories. Pluralists have focused on the often fragmented nature of business interests and point to the competing interests as they highlight the challenges of collective action that business leaders may have to confront in politics. This chapter discusses the capacity and power resources that business leaders bring to the task of exerting national influence or leadership and the impediments or constraints that these leaders have to deal in politics as well as the level of engagement they have with governments. As the chapter reveals answers to the inquiry, it also exposes how the operation of business influence and leadership in Australia is compromised by various institutional and ideological factors.
Benjamin C. Waterhouse
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691149165
- eISBN:
- 9781400848171
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691149165.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This introductory chapter argues that the decline of liberal and progressive politics and the ascent of a business-oriented, neoliberal political culture did not emerge naturally from the exigencies ...
More
This introductory chapter argues that the decline of liberal and progressive politics and the ascent of a business-oriented, neoliberal political culture did not emerge naturally from the exigencies of economic crisis or the inexorable logic of political traditions, but rather as the result of specific efforts by a diverse set of conservative activists. Although their organizational cohesion did not endure, organized American business leaders nonetheless established a vital legacy that continues to shape politics into the twenty-first century. Through their political mobilization, these workhorses of the industrial economy helped establish the political preconditions for the success of conservative politics, electorally and in policymaking. By successfully parlaying their economic clout into a broad-reaching movement, they cemented a conservative and market-oriented political vision whose legacy lingers today.Less
This introductory chapter argues that the decline of liberal and progressive politics and the ascent of a business-oriented, neoliberal political culture did not emerge naturally from the exigencies of economic crisis or the inexorable logic of political traditions, but rather as the result of specific efforts by a diverse set of conservative activists. Although their organizational cohesion did not endure, organized American business leaders nonetheless established a vital legacy that continues to shape politics into the twenty-first century. Through their political mobilization, these workhorses of the industrial economy helped establish the political preconditions for the success of conservative politics, electorally and in policymaking. By successfully parlaying their economic clout into a broad-reaching movement, they cemented a conservative and market-oriented political vision whose legacy lingers today.
Elizabeth Rose
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195395075
- eISBN:
- 9780199775767
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195395075.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Inspired by the success of preschool in these states, advocates, foundation leaders, and business allies built a movement for universal preschool. Rather than continuing to push for the expansion of ...
More
Inspired by the success of preschool in these states, advocates, foundation leaders, and business allies built a movement for universal preschool. Rather than continuing to push for the expansion of targeted programs like Head Start, they shifted to a universal strategy, believing that a program that served middle‐class families would ultimately build more enduring political support. The involvement of the Pew Charitable Trusts served as a catalyst, pouring funding into selected state campaigns, bringing together different constituencies across the country, and focusing unprecedented attention on pre‐kindergarten as a solution to educational and social problems. Support for expanding preschool relied on a strong research base that documented the promise of preschool for improving the life chances of disadvantaged children. But the movement's vision of providing “preschool for all” was challenged, both by those who preferred to target scarce resources to the neediest children, and by critics who feared increasing government's role in raising children in general.Less
Inspired by the success of preschool in these states, advocates, foundation leaders, and business allies built a movement for universal preschool. Rather than continuing to push for the expansion of targeted programs like Head Start, they shifted to a universal strategy, believing that a program that served middle‐class families would ultimately build more enduring political support. The involvement of the Pew Charitable Trusts served as a catalyst, pouring funding into selected state campaigns, bringing together different constituencies across the country, and focusing unprecedented attention on pre‐kindergarten as a solution to educational and social problems. Support for expanding preschool relied on a strong research base that documented the promise of preschool for improving the life chances of disadvantaged children. But the movement's vision of providing “preschool for all” was challenged, both by those who preferred to target scarce resources to the neediest children, and by critics who feared increasing government's role in raising children in general.
Youssef Cassis
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198296065
- eISBN:
- 9780191596056
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296061.003.0008
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
The pre‐1914 years were the formative years, the years of big business social and political apprenticeship, the period during which accumulated wealth translated into social status and political ...
More
The pre‐1914 years were the formative years, the years of big business social and political apprenticeship, the period during which accumulated wealth translated into social status and political influence. Ch. 8 compares the socio‐political position reached by the British, French, and German business leaders at the beginning of the twentieth century. A specific configuration had already emerged, though it was still to evolve in the course of the century.Less
The pre‐1914 years were the formative years, the years of big business social and political apprenticeship, the period during which accumulated wealth translated into social status and political influence. Ch. 8 compares the socio‐political position reached by the British, French, and German business leaders at the beginning of the twentieth century. A specific configuration had already emerged, though it was still to evolve in the course of the century.
Mia de Kuijper
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195171631
- eISBN:
- 9780199871353
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195171631.003.0015
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Macro- and Monetary Economics
Chapter 14 introduces the The Four Rules for Maximizing Profits in Transparency Method and presents a series of step-by-step templates for evaluation and action plans that should be implemented by ...
More
Chapter 14 introduces the The Four Rules for Maximizing Profits in Transparency Method and presents a series of step-by-step templates for evaluation and action plans that should be implemented by any business leader or investor who is seriously interested in extraordinary returns. Chapter 15 through 18 contain the operating instructions for implementation of the Four Rules and for using power nodes. These guidelines are illustrated with many specific examples that successful companies have used, as well as with lessons from avoidable mistakes.Less
Chapter 14 introduces the The Four Rules for Maximizing Profits in Transparency Method and presents a series of step-by-step templates for evaluation and action plans that should be implemented by any business leader or investor who is seriously interested in extraordinary returns. Chapter 15 through 18 contain the operating instructions for implementation of the Four Rules and for using power nodes. These guidelines are illustrated with many specific examples that successful companies have used, as well as with lessons from avoidable mistakes.
Jeffrey Sonnenfeld
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195065831
- eISBN:
- 9780199854899
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195065831.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Knowledge Management
Society has come to recognize the leaders of modern corporations, among many others, as heroes. In order to understand why some business leaders are being seen in larger-than-life contexts, this ...
More
Society has come to recognize the leaders of modern corporations, among many others, as heroes. In order to understand why some business leaders are being seen in larger-than-life contexts, this chapter examines the concept of hero as illustrated in mythology and folk literature. It argues that what business heroes have in common with the heroes of myth and religion is that they not only symbolize dreams and aspirations to their firms, and even to general society, but also are accomplishers of pragmatic goals. The chapter also presents how the heroic self-concepts of leaders in the latter part of their careers, tempered by the corporate settings, gives rise to distinctly different departure styles. Four categories are illustrated: monarch-like exits, general-like exits, ambassador-like exits, and governor-like exits. This chapter concludes by providing a brief outline of the book which includes an overview of the succeeding chapters, the book's goals, and the primary sources of data.Less
Society has come to recognize the leaders of modern corporations, among many others, as heroes. In order to understand why some business leaders are being seen in larger-than-life contexts, this chapter examines the concept of hero as illustrated in mythology and folk literature. It argues that what business heroes have in common with the heroes of myth and religion is that they not only symbolize dreams and aspirations to their firms, and even to general society, but also are accomplishers of pragmatic goals. The chapter also presents how the heroic self-concepts of leaders in the latter part of their careers, tempered by the corporate settings, gives rise to distinctly different departure styles. Four categories are illustrated: monarch-like exits, general-like exits, ambassador-like exits, and governor-like exits. This chapter concludes by providing a brief outline of the book which includes an overview of the succeeding chapters, the book's goals, and the primary sources of data.
V. Markham Lester
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205180
- eISBN:
- 9780191676536
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205180.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Economic History
This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, ...
More
This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, with the judiciary playing little role in the collection and distribution of bankruptsʼ assets. This radical change was brought about by the growing influence of business leaders who often exercised their influence through new organizations like local chambers of commerce, the Social Science Association, and the Associated Chambers of Commerce.Less
This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, with the judiciary playing little role in the collection and distribution of bankruptsʼ assets. This radical change was brought about by the growing influence of business leaders who often exercised their influence through new organizations like local chambers of commerce, the Social Science Association, and the Associated Chambers of Commerce.
David J. Jeremy
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201212
- eISBN:
- 9780191674839
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201212.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, History of Religion
Capitalism and religion are the most potent phenomena in modern society; when blended, they present a handful of conflicts and confusion. On the onset of industrialization in Britain at the late 18th ...
More
Capitalism and religion are the most potent phenomena in modern society; when blended, they present a handful of conflicts and confusion. On the onset of industrialization in Britain at the late 18th century, the Puritan ethic was one of the major ideological frameworks for aspiring and successful capitalists. Although the economics of Adam Smith, the secular self-help notions of Samuel Smiles and the social Darwinism of Herbert Spence existed in the hopes of weakening the Puritan ethic, the Calvinist code remained and energized the English capitalism through decades of Victorian prosperity. The purpose of this study is to discover the degree of the relationship between business leaders and the churches. It seeks to find the answers for the questions concerning the attempts of entrepreneurs to impose religious provisions as form of social control, the formation of business values, the limits and the scope of religion in business and the business people in the church.Less
Capitalism and religion are the most potent phenomena in modern society; when blended, they present a handful of conflicts and confusion. On the onset of industrialization in Britain at the late 18th century, the Puritan ethic was one of the major ideological frameworks for aspiring and successful capitalists. Although the economics of Adam Smith, the secular self-help notions of Samuel Smiles and the social Darwinism of Herbert Spence existed in the hopes of weakening the Puritan ethic, the Calvinist code remained and energized the English capitalism through decades of Victorian prosperity. The purpose of this study is to discover the degree of the relationship between business leaders and the churches. It seeks to find the answers for the questions concerning the attempts of entrepreneurs to impose religious provisions as form of social control, the formation of business values, the limits and the scope of religion in business and the business people in the church.
Mark McNeilly
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195189780
- eISBN:
- 9780199851584
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195189780.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
George Washington ranks as one of the great military leaders in history. The character traits he exemplified, and the leadership skills he employed, enabled him to defeat what was then the world's ...
More
George Washington ranks as one of the great military leaders in history. The character traits he exemplified, and the leadership skills he employed, enabled him to defeat what was then the world's most powerful nation. This book shows today's managers how they can learn from Washington's career—both his triumphs and setbacks—to succeed as leaders in their chosen field. The book paints vivid portraits of some of the crucial moments in Washington's military career, from the early debacle on Long Island Heights to the masterstroke at Trenton. There Washington, aided by his use of intelligence and disinformation, and by his great fortitude in the face of truly daunting conditions, routed the Hessians. The book uses these stirring military encounters to underscore Washington's managerial genius: to persuade and inspire, to open up the decision-making process, to seize opportunities when they arise, to persevere when setbacks occurred, and to learn from his mistakes. Indeed, the book's true value lies in its ability to link military and business strategy, revealing that successful corporate leaders must possess many of the same traits that Washington did. Using examples from the NFL, Cadillac, Coke, Samsung, Embraer, IBM and others, the book shows how business leaders can apply Washington's principles for success.Less
George Washington ranks as one of the great military leaders in history. The character traits he exemplified, and the leadership skills he employed, enabled him to defeat what was then the world's most powerful nation. This book shows today's managers how they can learn from Washington's career—both his triumphs and setbacks—to succeed as leaders in their chosen field. The book paints vivid portraits of some of the crucial moments in Washington's military career, from the early debacle on Long Island Heights to the masterstroke at Trenton. There Washington, aided by his use of intelligence and disinformation, and by his great fortitude in the face of truly daunting conditions, routed the Hessians. The book uses these stirring military encounters to underscore Washington's managerial genius: to persuade and inspire, to open up the decision-making process, to seize opportunities when they arise, to persevere when setbacks occurred, and to learn from his mistakes. Indeed, the book's true value lies in its ability to link military and business strategy, revealing that successful corporate leaders must possess many of the same traits that Washington did. Using examples from the NFL, Cadillac, Coke, Samsung, Embraer, IBM and others, the book shows how business leaders can apply Washington's principles for success.
Edith Sparks
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781469633022
- eISBN:
- 9781469633046
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469633022.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Writing Lewis, Beech and Rudkin into the “canon of business leaders” forces us to reconceptualize the 1930s-70s as a context for business entrepreneurship and leadership and also how we think about ...
More
Writing Lewis, Beech and Rudkin into the “canon of business leaders” forces us to reconceptualize the 1930s-70s as a context for business entrepreneurship and leadership and also how we think about business success. All three founded, managed and sold their businesses during a time period when gender fundamentally shaped both their opportunities and threats, and thus their “nose” for business needed to be attuned to their gendered context. They needed to be able to navigate these gender-specific opportunities and threats along with those shaped by more general contextual factors in order to be successful. We need to consider this in order to understand women’s leadership during this period. Thus, adding Lewis, Beech and Rudkin and a gendered analysis of how they started successful big businesses in the mid-twentieth century delimits the story of entrepreneurship and makes it more useful to us today, in particular for women trying to learn how to navigate gender in business and other professional contexts in the twenty-first century.Less
Writing Lewis, Beech and Rudkin into the “canon of business leaders” forces us to reconceptualize the 1930s-70s as a context for business entrepreneurship and leadership and also how we think about business success. All three founded, managed and sold their businesses during a time period when gender fundamentally shaped both their opportunities and threats, and thus their “nose” for business needed to be attuned to their gendered context. They needed to be able to navigate these gender-specific opportunities and threats along with those shaped by more general contextual factors in order to be successful. We need to consider this in order to understand women’s leadership during this period. Thus, adding Lewis, Beech and Rudkin and a gendered analysis of how they started successful big businesses in the mid-twentieth century delimits the story of entrepreneurship and makes it more useful to us today, in particular for women trying to learn how to navigate gender in business and other professional contexts in the twenty-first century.
Jesse H. Rhodes
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801449710
- eISBN:
- 9780801464195
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801449710.001.0001
- Subject:
- Education, Educational Policy and Politics
Since the early 1990s, the federal role in education—exemplified by the controversial No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)—has expanded dramatically. Yet states and localities have retained a central role ...
More
Since the early 1990s, the federal role in education—exemplified by the controversial No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)—has expanded dramatically. Yet states and localities have retained a central role in education policy, leading to a growing struggle for control over the direction of the nation's schools. This book explains the uneven development of federal involvement in education. While supporters of expanded federal involvement enjoyed some success in bringing new ideas to the federal policy agenda, the book argues, they also encountered stiff resistance from proponents of local control. Built atop existing decentralized policies, new federal reforms raised difficult questions about which level of government bore ultimate responsibility for improving schools. The book's argument focuses on the role played by civil rights activists, business leaders, and education experts in promoting the reforms that would be enacted with federal policies such as NCLB. It also underscores the constraints on federal involvement imposed by existing education policies, hostile interest groups, and, above all, the nation's federal system. Indeed, the federal system, which left specific policy formation and implementation to the states and localities, repeatedly frustrated efforts to effect changes: national reforms lost their force as policies passed through iterations at the state, county, and municipal levels. Ironically, state and local resistance only encouraged civil rights activists, business leaders, and their political allies to advocate even more stringent reforms that imposed heavier burdens on state and local governments. Through it all, the nation's education system made only incremental steps toward the goal of providing a quality education for every child.Less
Since the early 1990s, the federal role in education—exemplified by the controversial No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)—has expanded dramatically. Yet states and localities have retained a central role in education policy, leading to a growing struggle for control over the direction of the nation's schools. This book explains the uneven development of federal involvement in education. While supporters of expanded federal involvement enjoyed some success in bringing new ideas to the federal policy agenda, the book argues, they also encountered stiff resistance from proponents of local control. Built atop existing decentralized policies, new federal reforms raised difficult questions about which level of government bore ultimate responsibility for improving schools. The book's argument focuses on the role played by civil rights activists, business leaders, and education experts in promoting the reforms that would be enacted with federal policies such as NCLB. It also underscores the constraints on federal involvement imposed by existing education policies, hostile interest groups, and, above all, the nation's federal system. Indeed, the federal system, which left specific policy formation and implementation to the states and localities, repeatedly frustrated efforts to effect changes: national reforms lost their force as policies passed through iterations at the state, county, and municipal levels. Ironically, state and local resistance only encouraged civil rights activists, business leaders, and their political allies to advocate even more stringent reforms that imposed heavier burdens on state and local governments. Through it all, the nation's education system made only incremental steps toward the goal of providing a quality education for every child.
Simon Partner
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520217928
- eISBN:
- 9780520923171
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520217928.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This chapter focuses on the significant new developments after the war—developments that were the product of a catastrophic defeat attributable in part to the failure of Japanese technology. It ...
More
This chapter focuses on the significant new developments after the war—developments that were the product of a catastrophic defeat attributable in part to the failure of Japanese technology. It explores the visions that established business leaders, bureaucrats, and entrepreneurs, as well as ordinary Japanese people, developed during the formative years of the Allied Occupation of Japan (1945–1952). The chapter explains that during these early postwar years, Japanese businessmen and others began quite consciously to search for the keys to the immense prosperity of the United States—a prosperity which was all the more tantalizing given its contrast with life in a Japan prostrate from defeat. It notes that although these visions were diverse and often contested, key protagonists in this story focused on a few common themes which were to unlock, for them, the gates to prosperity.Less
This chapter focuses on the significant new developments after the war—developments that were the product of a catastrophic defeat attributable in part to the failure of Japanese technology. It explores the visions that established business leaders, bureaucrats, and entrepreneurs, as well as ordinary Japanese people, developed during the formative years of the Allied Occupation of Japan (1945–1952). The chapter explains that during these early postwar years, Japanese businessmen and others began quite consciously to search for the keys to the immense prosperity of the United States—a prosperity which was all the more tantalizing given its contrast with life in a Japan prostrate from defeat. It notes that although these visions were diverse and often contested, key protagonists in this story focused on a few common themes which were to unlock, for them, the gates to prosperity.
Ian R. Christie
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205579
- eISBN:
- 9780191676673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205579.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Political History
One feature of the developments traced in the preceding chapters remains to be noticed: that is, the eventually fairly even spread across the political spectrum in the House of Commons of the cohorts ...
More
One feature of the developments traced in the preceding chapters remains to be noticed: that is, the eventually fairly even spread across the political spectrum in the House of Commons of the cohorts of men of ‘non-élite’ social background. It is shown that in the age of the ‘financial revolution’, there was a good rapport between the country’s business leaders and the Whigs, but not one — or a less cordial one — between them and the Tories, and that this situation was even more true for the MPs of ‘non-élite’ background than for the House as a whole. They might also be taken as evidence of the essentially secondary position — not one seen as on equal terms — of the men of ‘non-élite’ classification who penetrated into the preserves of national politics. By comparison with the 1720s, the ‘non-élite’ MPs of the early 19th century were far less tied to the ‘establishment’ in the form of the king’s government, and by virtue of their numbers could play a role demanding more consideration from the government.Less
One feature of the developments traced in the preceding chapters remains to be noticed: that is, the eventually fairly even spread across the political spectrum in the House of Commons of the cohorts of men of ‘non-élite’ social background. It is shown that in the age of the ‘financial revolution’, there was a good rapport between the country’s business leaders and the Whigs, but not one — or a less cordial one — between them and the Tories, and that this situation was even more true for the MPs of ‘non-élite’ background than for the House as a whole. They might also be taken as evidence of the essentially secondary position — not one seen as on equal terms — of the men of ‘non-élite’ classification who penetrated into the preserves of national politics. By comparison with the 1720s, the ‘non-élite’ MPs of the early 19th century were far less tied to the ‘establishment’ in the form of the king’s government, and by virtue of their numbers could play a role demanding more consideration from the government.
David Lee McMullen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813034867
- eISBN:
- 9780813038674
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813034867.003.0017
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The first weeks of the Loray strike was crucial, in which the actions of local business and civic leaders helped to turn local citizens against the strikers and their union representatives. This, ...
More
The first weeks of the Loray strike was crucial, in which the actions of local business and civic leaders helped to turn local citizens against the strikers and their union representatives. This, however, was one of the most important aspects of the strike, because it was through the early vilification of Dawson, Beal, and the other strike leaders, that local public opinion was so dramatically shaped against the striking workers. In addition to calling out the militia, the mill owners began an intense propaganda campaign attacking the union and its leaders.Less
The first weeks of the Loray strike was crucial, in which the actions of local business and civic leaders helped to turn local citizens against the strikers and their union representatives. This, however, was one of the most important aspects of the strike, because it was through the early vilification of Dawson, Beal, and the other strike leaders, that local public opinion was so dramatically shaped against the striking workers. In addition to calling out the militia, the mill owners began an intense propaganda campaign attacking the union and its leaders.
Simon Partner
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520217928
- eISBN:
- 9780520923171
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520217928.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This chapter explores the Japanese domestic market. It notes that as early as the turn of the 1950s, some visionary Japanese business leaders saw the production of an American-style middle-class ...
More
This chapter explores the Japanese domestic market. It notes that as early as the turn of the 1950s, some visionary Japanese business leaders saw the production of an American-style middle-class society as crucial to Japanese prosperity, and explains that, in such a society, the consumer was vitally important. The chapter clarifies that in spite of the poverty which continued to haunt Japan, these businessmen set out to emulate their American counterparts and pioneer new markets—particularly a market for expensive electrical products.Less
This chapter explores the Japanese domestic market. It notes that as early as the turn of the 1950s, some visionary Japanese business leaders saw the production of an American-style middle-class society as crucial to Japanese prosperity, and explains that, in such a society, the consumer was vitally important. The chapter clarifies that in spite of the poverty which continued to haunt Japan, these businessmen set out to emulate their American counterparts and pioneer new markets—particularly a market for expensive electrical products.
Shujiro Urata and Mitsuyo Ando
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199466481
- eISBN:
- 9780199087044
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199466481.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Comparative Politics
The Japanese economy is faced with structural problems such as a declining and ageing population and a closed market, making it difficult to achieve growth. By contrast, the Indian economy is ...
More
The Japanese economy is faced with structural problems such as a declining and ageing population and a closed market, making it difficult to achieve growth. By contrast, the Indian economy is registering high growth, but it has the potential to achieve even higher growth by overcoming problems such as poor infrastructure. Given the complementary relationship between the two countries in terms of their levels of economic development, natural resource endowments, and sectoral specializations, both Japan and India can benefit substantially by expanding their economic relations—which have been very limited—through foreign trade, foreign direct investment, and economic cooperation. To achieve these objectives, Japan and India have to have close collaboration and cooperation at government as well as private sector levels. They should use existing frameworks such as the Japan-India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement and Japan-India Business Leaders Forum in addition to other official and private dialogues and cooperation programs.Less
The Japanese economy is faced with structural problems such as a declining and ageing population and a closed market, making it difficult to achieve growth. By contrast, the Indian economy is registering high growth, but it has the potential to achieve even higher growth by overcoming problems such as poor infrastructure. Given the complementary relationship between the two countries in terms of their levels of economic development, natural resource endowments, and sectoral specializations, both Japan and India can benefit substantially by expanding their economic relations—which have been very limited—through foreign trade, foreign direct investment, and economic cooperation. To achieve these objectives, Japan and India have to have close collaboration and cooperation at government as well as private sector levels. They should use existing frameworks such as the Japan-India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement and Japan-India Business Leaders Forum in addition to other official and private dialogues and cooperation programs.
