Stefan Bargheer
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226376639
- eISBN:
- 9780226543963
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226543963.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
Chapter 6 looks at the rise in membership numbers of the British and German bird conservation organizations since the 1970s. The focus is on the organizational strategies that facilitated this rise. ...
More
Chapter 6 looks at the rise in membership numbers of the British and German bird conservation organizations since the 1970s. The focus is on the organizational strategies that facilitated this rise. Currently one of the main strategies of organized bird conservation for recruiting new members is to turn people into bird watchers. The large membership of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds is based exclusively on the appeal of birds. The organization is engaged in a wider set of environmental issues, yet it maintains bird conservation as its focal concern. In Germany, by contrast, bird conservation has become one issue among many others in the work of the organization. In 1990, the Deutsche Bund für Vogelschutz (German League for Bird Protection) changed its name to Naturschutzbund Deutschland (League for Nature Protection Germany) to reflect this change and to attract new members. The increasing success of the organization was made possible by the retreat from bird conservation as its main focus. It has only been in more recent years, when larger environmental topics began to lose public resonance, that the German organization started to copy some of the more popular bird watching schemes from its British counterpart.Less
Chapter 6 looks at the rise in membership numbers of the British and German bird conservation organizations since the 1970s. The focus is on the organizational strategies that facilitated this rise. Currently one of the main strategies of organized bird conservation for recruiting new members is to turn people into bird watchers. The large membership of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds is based exclusively on the appeal of birds. The organization is engaged in a wider set of environmental issues, yet it maintains bird conservation as its focal concern. In Germany, by contrast, bird conservation has become one issue among many others in the work of the organization. In 1990, the Deutsche Bund für Vogelschutz (German League for Bird Protection) changed its name to Naturschutzbund Deutschland (League for Nature Protection Germany) to reflect this change and to attract new members. The increasing success of the organization was made possible by the retreat from bird conservation as its main focus. It has only been in more recent years, when larger environmental topics began to lose public resonance, that the German organization started to copy some of the more popular bird watching schemes from its British counterpart.
Stefan Bargheer
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226376639
- eISBN:
- 9780226543963
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226543963.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
Chapter 3 looks at the development of organized bird conservation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The focus is on the factors that made for the foundation of the Society for the ...
More
Chapter 3 looks at the development of organized bird conservation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The focus is on the factors that made for the foundation of the Society for the Protection of Birds (currently Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or RSPB) in Britain in 1889 and the Bund für Vogelschutz (later Deutsche Bund für Vogelschutz and currently Naturschutzbund or NABU) in Germany in 1899. Concern for birds developed from the transformation of already-established practices and institutions of bird collecting and economic ornithology. The valuation of birds changed through the mass production of prismatic binoculars and photo cameras. Through the use of these instruments collectors’ interest in birds transformed from collecting bird bodies to collecting field notes and photographic images. The widespread distribution of bird tables and next boxes further facilitated the aim to increase the abundance of useful species. Bird conservation did not flourish because people in the newly emerging urban centers tried to go back to nature, but because technology was coming to the countryside. Conservationists did accordingly describe their goal as a progressive one – they wanted to move forward to nature, rather than return to it.Less
Chapter 3 looks at the development of organized bird conservation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The focus is on the factors that made for the foundation of the Society for the Protection of Birds (currently Royal Society for the Protection of Birds or RSPB) in Britain in 1889 and the Bund für Vogelschutz (later Deutsche Bund für Vogelschutz and currently Naturschutzbund or NABU) in Germany in 1899. Concern for birds developed from the transformation of already-established practices and institutions of bird collecting and economic ornithology. The valuation of birds changed through the mass production of prismatic binoculars and photo cameras. Through the use of these instruments collectors’ interest in birds transformed from collecting bird bodies to collecting field notes and photographic images. The widespread distribution of bird tables and next boxes further facilitated the aim to increase the abundance of useful species. Bird conservation did not flourish because people in the newly emerging urban centers tried to go back to nature, but because technology was coming to the countryside. Conservationists did accordingly describe their goal as a progressive one – they wanted to move forward to nature, rather than return to it.
Carolyn M. King and Roger A. Powell
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195322712
- eISBN:
- 9780199894239
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195322712.003.0013
- Subject:
- Biology, Animal Biology
New Zealand is the only country where stoats are serious introduced pests, and are especially well-studied there. This chapter summarizes the historic background of research funded by New Zealand ...
More
New Zealand is the only country where stoats are serious introduced pests, and are especially well-studied there. This chapter summarizes the historic background of research funded by New Zealand conservation agencies, but important for understanding weasels everywhere, because the problems caused by invasive species are a matter of worldwide concern. The brown kiwi, New Zealand's national bird, is predicted to become extinct on the mainland outside specially protected sanctuaries within the next 20-50 years, largely due to predation by stoats and dogs. Several other species endemic to southern Beech forests are also very vulnerable to stoats. The chapter explains why and outlines what is being done to protect them. The section on deliberate poisoning might look startling, but it emphasizes the need for control of introduced pests in order to save endemic species, and the strict legislation ensuring all such work is done by humane means. The ultimate goal is community restoration.Less
New Zealand is the only country where stoats are serious introduced pests, and are especially well-studied there. This chapter summarizes the historic background of research funded by New Zealand conservation agencies, but important for understanding weasels everywhere, because the problems caused by invasive species are a matter of worldwide concern. The brown kiwi, New Zealand's national bird, is predicted to become extinct on the mainland outside specially protected sanctuaries within the next 20-50 years, largely due to predation by stoats and dogs. Several other species endemic to southern Beech forests are also very vulnerable to stoats. The chapter explains why and outlines what is being done to protect them. The section on deliberate poisoning might look startling, but it emphasizes the need for control of introduced pests in order to save endemic species, and the strict legislation ensuring all such work is done by humane means. The ultimate goal is community restoration.
John H. Rappole
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231146784
- eISBN:
- 9780231518635
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231146784.003.0010
- Subject:
- Biology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics
This chapter discusses the relevance of avian migrant “connectivity” to conservation efforts. “Connectivity” refers to “the degree to which individuals of populations are geographically arranged ...
More
This chapter discusses the relevance of avian migrant “connectivity” to conservation efforts. “Connectivity” refers to “the degree to which individuals of populations are geographically arranged among two or more periods of the annual cycle.” Recent technological developments such as satellite radio-tracking, light-level geolocators, stable isotope analysis, and DNA hybridization now make it possible to connect the various parts of the migrant annual cycle for at least some individuals of some species. This chapter focuses on the conservation of migratory birds in relation to three major areas: research, national and international conservation policy collaboration, and management. In particular, it examines three programs that have been extremely important in recent efforts to preserve migratory bird populations: species-specific migratory bird conservation, coffee and migratory bird conservation, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service refuge systems and the Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act.Less
This chapter discusses the relevance of avian migrant “connectivity” to conservation efforts. “Connectivity” refers to “the degree to which individuals of populations are geographically arranged among two or more periods of the annual cycle.” Recent technological developments such as satellite radio-tracking, light-level geolocators, stable isotope analysis, and DNA hybridization now make it possible to connect the various parts of the migrant annual cycle for at least some individuals of some species. This chapter focuses on the conservation of migratory birds in relation to three major areas: research, national and international conservation policy collaboration, and management. In particular, it examines three programs that have been extremely important in recent efforts to preserve migratory bird populations: species-specific migratory bird conservation, coffee and migratory bird conservation, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service refuge systems and the Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act.
Daniel Lewis
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780300229646
- eISBN:
- 9780300235463
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300229646.001.0001
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Nature
A lively, rich natural history of Hawaiian birds that challenges existing ideas about what constitutes biocultural nativeness and belonging, this natural history takes readers on a thousand-year ...
More
A lively, rich natural history of Hawaiian birds that challenges existing ideas about what constitutes biocultural nativeness and belonging, this natural history takes readers on a thousand-year journey as it explores the Hawaiian Islands' beautiful birds and a variety of topics including extinction, evolution, survival, conservationists and their work, and, most significantly, the concept of belonging. The text is built around the stories of four species: the Stumbling Moa-Nalo, the Kauaʻi ʻŌʻō, the Palila, and the Japanese White-Eye. The book offers innovative ways to think about what it means to be native and proposes new definitions that apply to people as well as to birds. Being native, the book argues, is a relative state influenced by factors including the passage of time, charisma, scarcity, utility to others, short-term evolutionary processes, and changing relationships with other organisms. This book also describes how bird conservation started in Hawaiʻi, and the naturalists and environmentalists who did extraordinary work.Less
A lively, rich natural history of Hawaiian birds that challenges existing ideas about what constitutes biocultural nativeness and belonging, this natural history takes readers on a thousand-year journey as it explores the Hawaiian Islands' beautiful birds and a variety of topics including extinction, evolution, survival, conservationists and their work, and, most significantly, the concept of belonging. The text is built around the stories of four species: the Stumbling Moa-Nalo, the Kauaʻi ʻŌʻō, the Palila, and the Japanese White-Eye. The book offers innovative ways to think about what it means to be native and proposes new definitions that apply to people as well as to birds. Being native, the book argues, is a relative state influenced by factors including the passage of time, charisma, scarcity, utility to others, short-term evolutionary processes, and changing relationships with other organisms. This book also describes how bird conservation started in Hawaiʻi, and the naturalists and environmentalists who did extraordinary work.
Christine Ann Ribic and Frank Richard Thompson III (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780520273139
- eISBN:
- 9780520954090
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520273139.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Animal Biology
Concern about declining populations of bird species that breed in the grasslands and other habitats of North America has spurred extensive research on factors that may affect their reproductive ...
More
Concern about declining populations of bird species that breed in the grasslands and other habitats of North America has spurred extensive research on factors that may affect their reproductive success. Understanding the causes of nest failure and reduced productivity is critical for the development of conservation strategies to sustain or increase bird populations. Since the mid-1990s, advances in miniature video cameras and recording equipment have provided researchers with improved tools for monitoring active nests and for studying the behavior and ecology of nesting birds. This volume highlights information gained from such research on a variety of avian taxa in several different ecosystems. The use of video surveillance systems has provided important insights into poorly understood aspects of breeding-bird biology, including hatching, fledging, diurnal and nocturnal activity, nest-predator identification, predator-prey interactions, and cause-specific rates of nest loss. Contributions in this volume offer fresh perspectives for bird conservation and management as well as for theoretical issues not well studied in many bird species.Less
Concern about declining populations of bird species that breed in the grasslands and other habitats of North America has spurred extensive research on factors that may affect their reproductive success. Understanding the causes of nest failure and reduced productivity is critical for the development of conservation strategies to sustain or increase bird populations. Since the mid-1990s, advances in miniature video cameras and recording equipment have provided researchers with improved tools for monitoring active nests and for studying the behavior and ecology of nesting birds. This volume highlights information gained from such research on a variety of avian taxa in several different ecosystems. The use of video surveillance systems has provided important insights into poorly understood aspects of breeding-bird biology, including hatching, fledging, diurnal and nocturnal activity, nest-predator identification, predator-prey interactions, and cause-specific rates of nest loss. Contributions in this volume offer fresh perspectives for bird conservation and management as well as for theoretical issues not well studied in many bird species.
Thomas R. Dunlap
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199734597
- eISBN:
- 9780190254377
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199734597.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter focuses on Roger Tory Peterson's contribution to the development of field identification and birdwatching in America through his book, A Field Guide to the Birds. First published in ...
More
This chapter focuses on Roger Tory Peterson's contribution to the development of field identification and birdwatching in America through his book, A Field Guide to the Birds. First published in 1934, A Field Guide to the Birds revolutionized field guides as a genre and birdwatching as a hobby. The chapter follows Peterson from his childhood in upstate New York through writing his first guides and his development, after World War II, of a career as freelance writer, artist, and illustrator. It also examines changes in birdwatching as it became a truly national hobby against the backdrop of the Depression and the emergence of ecology and game management as academic and scientific disciplines. Finally, it considers the environmental revolution of the 1960s and how it changed the basis of bird conservation and birdwatchers' perspective on wild America.Less
This chapter focuses on Roger Tory Peterson's contribution to the development of field identification and birdwatching in America through his book, A Field Guide to the Birds. First published in 1934, A Field Guide to the Birds revolutionized field guides as a genre and birdwatching as a hobby. The chapter follows Peterson from his childhood in upstate New York through writing his first guides and his development, after World War II, of a career as freelance writer, artist, and illustrator. It also examines changes in birdwatching as it became a truly national hobby against the backdrop of the Depression and the emergence of ecology and game management as academic and scientific disciplines. Finally, it considers the environmental revolution of the 1960s and how it changed the basis of bird conservation and birdwatchers' perspective on wild America.
