Donald Maurice
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195156904
- eISBN:
- 9780199868339
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195156904.003.0012
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
This chapter summarizes the contents of the book and attention is drawn to the appendixes in the book, which introduce many documents and correspondence previously unavailable in the public domain. ...
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This chapter summarizes the contents of the book and attention is drawn to the appendixes in the book, which introduce many documents and correspondence previously unavailable in the public domain. The issue of authenticity is addressed and it is suggested that in the future research in this study may assist a worthy craftsperson to produce a more authentic Bartók Viola Concerto, when the restrictions of copyright will allow the freedom of musical expression. It would require a composer thoroughly steeped in Bartók's compositional style and technique, who would dare to add both vertically and horizontally, to recompose, to revise, and to continue to refine the texture and orchestration until the result was consistently representative of Bartók at the height of his creative powers.Less
This chapter summarizes the contents of the book and attention is drawn to the appendixes in the book, which introduce many documents and correspondence previously unavailable in the public domain. The issue of authenticity is addressed and it is suggested that in the future research in this study may assist a worthy craftsperson to produce a more authentic Bartók Viola Concerto, when the restrictions of copyright will allow the freedom of musical expression. It would require a composer thoroughly steeped in Bartók's compositional style and technique, who would dare to add both vertically and horizontally, to recompose, to revise, and to continue to refine the texture and orchestration until the result was consistently representative of Bartók at the height of his creative powers.
Donald Maurice
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195156904
- eISBN:
- 9780199868339
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195156904.003.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the ...
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This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the challenges of authenticity and legal issues faced by revisionists. It concludes with a summary of the book's chapters.Less
This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the challenges of authenticity and legal issues faced by revisionists. It concludes with a summary of the book's chapters.
Genia Schönbaumsfeld
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199229826
- eISBN:
- 9780191710766
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199229826.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Language
Cursory allusions to the relation between Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein are common in philosophical literature, but there has been little in the way of serious and comprehensive commentary on the ...
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Cursory allusions to the relation between Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein are common in philosophical literature, but there has been little in the way of serious and comprehensive commentary on the relationship between their ideas. This book attempts both to close this gap and to offer important independent readings of Kierkegaard's and Wittgenstein's conceptions of philosophy and religious belief. Chapter 1 carefully documents Kierkegaard's influence on Wittgenstein, while Chapters 2 and 3 provide trenchant criticisms of two prominent attempts that have been made to compare the two thinkers — those of D. Z. Phillips and James Conant. Chapter 4 develops Kierkegaard's and Wittgenstein's concerted criticisms of certain standard conception of religious belief, and defends their own positive conception against the common charges of ‘fideism’ and ‘irrationalism’. As well as contributing to the contemporary debate about how to read Kierkegaard's and Wittgenstein's work, this book addresses issues of central concern not only to scholars of Wittgenstein and Kierkegaard, but to anyone interested in issues surrounding the philosophy of religion, or the ethical aspects of philosophical practice as such.Less
Cursory allusions to the relation between Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein are common in philosophical literature, but there has been little in the way of serious and comprehensive commentary on the relationship between their ideas. This book attempts both to close this gap and to offer important independent readings of Kierkegaard's and Wittgenstein's conceptions of philosophy and religious belief. Chapter 1 carefully documents Kierkegaard's influence on Wittgenstein, while Chapters 2 and 3 provide trenchant criticisms of two prominent attempts that have been made to compare the two thinkers — those of D. Z. Phillips and James Conant. Chapter 4 develops Kierkegaard's and Wittgenstein's concerted criticisms of certain standard conception of religious belief, and defends their own positive conception against the common charges of ‘fideism’ and ‘irrationalism’. As well as contributing to the contemporary debate about how to read Kierkegaard's and Wittgenstein's work, this book addresses issues of central concern not only to scholars of Wittgenstein and Kierkegaard, but to anyone interested in issues surrounding the philosophy of religion, or the ethical aspects of philosophical practice as such.
Nadine Atallah
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780197266748
- eISBN:
- 9780191938146
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197266748.003.0002
- Subject:
- Art, Art History
This chapter highlights and discusses the historical, ideological and institutional factors which allowed the good integration of women into the Egyptian modern art worlds. The argument draws from ...
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This chapter highlights and discusses the historical, ideological and institutional factors which allowed the good integration of women into the Egyptian modern art worlds. The argument draws from Egyptian artist Nazli Madkour’s objection to Linda Nochlin’s famous question ‘Why have there been no great women artists?’, based on the observation that women artists in Egypt benefitted from an early recognition. In an attempt to explain this Egyptian specificity, the chapter defines the rhetoric of authenticity [asala] as a paradigmatic counterpoint to the Western myth of greatness, at a time when Egypt was struggling for decolonisation and moving towards the Nasserist revolution. Serving as a framework for the appreciation of modern art in Egypt, authenticity seems to create a favourable ground for women’s art, while involving differences between male and female artists in the service of the nation. In order to demonstrate how the search for authenticity shaped and framed the work of women artists and its reception, two paintings about and against polygamy painted in the early 1950s by Inji Efflatoun (1925–1989) and Gazbia Sirry (b. 1925) are analysed in their exhibition contexts. This alternate study shows the entanglement of artistic and socio–political issues while acknowledging internal unevenness within Egyptian feminism and its expression in the arts.Less
This chapter highlights and discusses the historical, ideological and institutional factors which allowed the good integration of women into the Egyptian modern art worlds. The argument draws from Egyptian artist Nazli Madkour’s objection to Linda Nochlin’s famous question ‘Why have there been no great women artists?’, based on the observation that women artists in Egypt benefitted from an early recognition. In an attempt to explain this Egyptian specificity, the chapter defines the rhetoric of authenticity [asala] as a paradigmatic counterpoint to the Western myth of greatness, at a time when Egypt was struggling for decolonisation and moving towards the Nasserist revolution. Serving as a framework for the appreciation of modern art in Egypt, authenticity seems to create a favourable ground for women’s art, while involving differences between male and female artists in the service of the nation. In order to demonstrate how the search for authenticity shaped and framed the work of women artists and its reception, two paintings about and against polygamy painted in the early 1950s by Inji Efflatoun (1925–1989) and Gazbia Sirry (b. 1925) are analysed in their exhibition contexts. This alternate study shows the entanglement of artistic and socio–political issues while acknowledging internal unevenness within Egyptian feminism and its expression in the arts.
Mike W. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199845217
- eISBN:
- 9780199933068
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199845217.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, General
Happiness in Good Lives explores happiness as an important dimension of fully desirable lives. Happiness is defined as loving one’s life, valuing it in ways manifested by ample enjoyment ...
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Happiness in Good Lives explores happiness as an important dimension of fully desirable lives. Happiness is defined as loving one’s life, valuing it in ways manifested by ample enjoyment and a robust sense of meaning. As such, it interacts with all other dimensions of good lives, in particular with moral decency and goodness, authenticity, mental health, self-fulfillment, and meaningfulness. The book integrates philosophical issues with topics of broad human interest, and it includes chapters on how happiness connects with the virtues, love, philanthropy, suffering, simplicity, balancing work and leisure, and politics. Happiness is a moral value, as well as a self-interested value, which we have a responsibility as well as a right to pursue. Myriad specific virtues contribute to pursuing happiness, and in turn happiness contributes to or manifests an array of virtues such as love, self-respect, gratitude, and hope. Although happiness is by no means the entirety of good lives, it helps define some additional aspects of good lives, including authenticity, self-fulfillment, meaningfulness, and mental health. It also enters into understanding what it means to live a balanced life, and also a simple life centered on what matters most. The moral status of happiness is a central concern in the history of ethics. Recent “positive psychology” has breathed new life into traditional philosophical issues, and the book draws extensively on psychological studies. It also uses myriad examples from memoirs, novels, and films. One chapter is devoted to assessing the claim of Mary Shelley’s monster in Frankenstein: “Make me happy, and I shall again be virtuous.”Less
Happiness in Good Lives explores happiness as an important dimension of fully desirable lives. Happiness is defined as loving one’s life, valuing it in ways manifested by ample enjoyment and a robust sense of meaning. As such, it interacts with all other dimensions of good lives, in particular with moral decency and goodness, authenticity, mental health, self-fulfillment, and meaningfulness. The book integrates philosophical issues with topics of broad human interest, and it includes chapters on how happiness connects with the virtues, love, philanthropy, suffering, simplicity, balancing work and leisure, and politics. Happiness is a moral value, as well as a self-interested value, which we have a responsibility as well as a right to pursue. Myriad specific virtues contribute to pursuing happiness, and in turn happiness contributes to or manifests an array of virtues such as love, self-respect, gratitude, and hope. Although happiness is by no means the entirety of good lives, it helps define some additional aspects of good lives, including authenticity, self-fulfillment, meaningfulness, and mental health. It also enters into understanding what it means to live a balanced life, and also a simple life centered on what matters most. The moral status of happiness is a central concern in the history of ethics. Recent “positive psychology” has breathed new life into traditional philosophical issues, and the book draws extensively on psychological studies. It also uses myriad examples from memoirs, novels, and films. One chapter is devoted to assessing the claim of Mary Shelley’s monster in Frankenstein: “Make me happy, and I shall again be virtuous.”
Margreta De Grazia
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198117780
- eISBN:
- 9780191671067
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117780.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies
This book challenges traditional Shakespeare scholarship through a study of its textual primacy in the late eighteenth century. The book's examination of earlier treatments demonstrates that concepts ...
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This book challenges traditional Shakespeare scholarship through a study of its textual primacy in the late eighteenth century. The book's examination of earlier treatments demonstrates that concepts now basic to Shakespeare studies were once largely irrelevant. Only with Edmond Malone's 1790 Shakespeare edition do such criteria as authenticity, historical periodisation, factual biography, chronological development, and in-depth readings become dominant. However, their emergence then must not be seen as the overdue installation of proper scholarly and literary procedures, but rather as a specific historical response to the problem the Shakespeare corpus has posed since its definition by the 1623 Folio. The remarkable efficacy of Malone's apparatus over the past two hundred years testifies not to its ‘truth’, but rather to its endorsement of a continuing Enlightenment epistemology irreconcilable with the past linguistic and mechanical practices it purports accurately to reproduce. This challenging book has both practical and theoretical implications for Shakespeare studies in the 1990s and beyond.Less
This book challenges traditional Shakespeare scholarship through a study of its textual primacy in the late eighteenth century. The book's examination of earlier treatments demonstrates that concepts now basic to Shakespeare studies were once largely irrelevant. Only with Edmond Malone's 1790 Shakespeare edition do such criteria as authenticity, historical periodisation, factual biography, chronological development, and in-depth readings become dominant. However, their emergence then must not be seen as the overdue installation of proper scholarly and literary procedures, but rather as a specific historical response to the problem the Shakespeare corpus has posed since its definition by the 1623 Folio. The remarkable efficacy of Malone's apparatus over the past two hundred years testifies not to its ‘truth’, but rather to its endorsement of a continuing Enlightenment epistemology irreconcilable with the past linguistic and mechanical practices it purports accurately to reproduce. This challenging book has both practical and theoretical implications for Shakespeare studies in the 1990s and beyond.
Stephen Backhouse
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199604722
- eISBN:
- 9780191729324
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199604722.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society, Philosophy of Religion
The book draws out the critique of Christian nationalism that is implicit throughout the thought of Søren Kierkegaard, an analysis that is inseparable from his wider aim of reintroducing Christianity ...
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The book draws out the critique of Christian nationalism that is implicit throughout the thought of Søren Kierkegaard, an analysis that is inseparable from his wider aim of reintroducing Christianity into Christendom. ‘Christian nationalism’ refers to the set of ideas in which belief in the development and superiority of one's national group is combined with, or underwritten by, Christian theology and practice. The book examines the nationalist theologies of H. L. Martensen and N. F. S. Grundtvig, important cultural leaders and contemporaries of Kierkegaard. Kierkegaard's response to their thought forms the backbone of his own philosophical and theological project, namely his attempt to form authentic Christian individuals through the use of ‘the moment’, ‘the leap’ and ‘contemporaneity’. This Kierkegaardian critique is brought into conversation with current political science theories of religious nationalism, and is expanded to address movements and theologies beyond the historical context of Kierkegaard's Golden Age Denmark. The implications of Kierkegaard's approach are undoubtedly radical and unsettling to politicians and church leaders alike, yet there is much to commend it to the reality of modern religious and social life. As a theological thinker keenly aware of the unique problems posed by Christendom, Kierkegaard's critique is timely for any Christian culture that is tempted to confuse its faith with patriotism or national affiliation.Less
The book draws out the critique of Christian nationalism that is implicit throughout the thought of Søren Kierkegaard, an analysis that is inseparable from his wider aim of reintroducing Christianity into Christendom. ‘Christian nationalism’ refers to the set of ideas in which belief in the development and superiority of one's national group is combined with, or underwritten by, Christian theology and practice. The book examines the nationalist theologies of H. L. Martensen and N. F. S. Grundtvig, important cultural leaders and contemporaries of Kierkegaard. Kierkegaard's response to their thought forms the backbone of his own philosophical and theological project, namely his attempt to form authentic Christian individuals through the use of ‘the moment’, ‘the leap’ and ‘contemporaneity’. This Kierkegaardian critique is brought into conversation with current political science theories of religious nationalism, and is expanded to address movements and theologies beyond the historical context of Kierkegaard's Golden Age Denmark. The implications of Kierkegaard's approach are undoubtedly radical and unsettling to politicians and church leaders alike, yet there is much to commend it to the reality of modern religious and social life. As a theological thinker keenly aware of the unique problems posed by Christendom, Kierkegaard's critique is timely for any Christian culture that is tempted to confuse its faith with patriotism or national affiliation.
Susan J. Palmer and David G. Bromley
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195177299
- eISBN:
- 9780199785537
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195177299.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter argues that myth and ritual in NRMs are oppositional in nature, challenging the status quo with “deliberate heresies”. Examples from the Rajneesh, The Family, the Raelians, ...
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This chapter argues that myth and ritual in NRMs are oppositional in nature, challenging the status quo with “deliberate heresies”. Examples from the Rajneesh, The Family, the Raelians, Unificationism, and others illustrate the spontaneous, improvisational “concocted” quality of NRM myths and rituals since their founder-prophets are myth-makers. The research on myth and ritual conducted by scholars in new religious studies is surveyed, and the various theoretical and disciplinary approaches to understanding the meaning and function of these two forms of religious expression in established traditions are outlined. Finally, practical teaching exercises designed to help students research NRMs and understand the qualities and function of myth and ritual are proposed.Less
This chapter argues that myth and ritual in NRMs are oppositional in nature, challenging the status quo with “deliberate heresies”. Examples from the Rajneesh, The Family, the Raelians, Unificationism, and others illustrate the spontaneous, improvisational “concocted” quality of NRM myths and rituals since their founder-prophets are myth-makers. The research on myth and ritual conducted by scholars in new religious studies is surveyed, and the various theoretical and disciplinary approaches to understanding the meaning and function of these two forms of religious expression in established traditions are outlined. Finally, practical teaching exercises designed to help students research NRMs and understand the qualities and function of myth and ritual are proposed.
Robert C. Solomon
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195181579
- eISBN:
- 9780199786602
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195181573.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
Sartre’s Being and Nothingness is one of the great books in philosophy of the 20th century. One of the most excerpted and most discussed sections of that book is the chapter on “Bad Faith”. Sartre’s ...
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Sartre’s Being and Nothingness is one of the great books in philosophy of the 20th century. One of the most excerpted and most discussed sections of that book is the chapter on “Bad Faith”. Sartre’s analysis centers on the twin concepts of facticity and transcendence and the complex relationship of the two. He also suggests that bad faith may be inescapable, a thesis seriously challenged here. This chapter also examines Sartre’s famous examples of bad faith in considerable detail.Less
Sartre’s Being and Nothingness is one of the great books in philosophy of the 20th century. One of the most excerpted and most discussed sections of that book is the chapter on “Bad Faith”. Sartre’s analysis centers on the twin concepts of facticity and transcendence and the complex relationship of the two. He also suggests that bad faith may be inescapable, a thesis seriously challenged here. This chapter also examines Sartre’s famous examples of bad faith in considerable detail.
Joseph H. Carens
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198297680
- eISBN:
- 9780191598937
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198297688.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Discusses the case of Fiji where efforts to protect the cultural traditions of Fijians (the descendants of the indigenous population) have led to conflicts with Indo‐Fijians (the descendants of ...
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Discusses the case of Fiji where efforts to protect the cultural traditions of Fijians (the descendants of the indigenous population) have led to conflicts with Indo‐Fijians (the descendants of indentured workers from India), who constitute the largest other group of inhabitants of Fiji. The chapter defends the claims of Indo‐Fijians to equal citizenship in the name of democracy and criticizes efforts at political domination and exclusion that some have attempted to justify in the name of culture and history. At the same time, it defends some of the efforts to protect Fijian culture against the pressures of modern liberal institutions and values. In particular, it argues that the creation of a system of collective, inalienable land rights and the institutional reinforcement of deference to Fijian chiefs were methods of preserving Fijian culture that were compatible with a conception of justice as evenhandedness. The chapter takes up a number of questions about cultural authenticity and about the moral relevance of history.Less
Discusses the case of Fiji where efforts to protect the cultural traditions of Fijians (the descendants of the indigenous population) have led to conflicts with Indo‐Fijians (the descendants of indentured workers from India), who constitute the largest other group of inhabitants of Fiji. The chapter defends the claims of Indo‐Fijians to equal citizenship in the name of democracy and criticizes efforts at political domination and exclusion that some have attempted to justify in the name of culture and history. At the same time, it defends some of the efforts to protect Fijian culture against the pressures of modern liberal institutions and values. In particular, it argues that the creation of a system of collective, inalienable land rights and the institutional reinforcement of deference to Fijian chiefs were methods of preserving Fijian culture that were compatible with a conception of justice as evenhandedness. The chapter takes up a number of questions about cultural authenticity and about the moral relevance of history.
Denis McManus
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199694877
- eISBN:
- 9780191745706
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199694877.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
Heidegger's early ‘fundamental ontology’ offers a vision of our subjectivity and of the world we inhabit that can appear to be simply truer to life. It allows us to understand the creature that ...
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Heidegger's early ‘fundamental ontology’ offers a vision of our subjectivity and of the world we inhabit that can appear to be simply truer to life. It allows us to understand the creature that thinks as also one which acts, moves, even touches the world around it — a creature at home in the same ordinary world in which we too live our lives when outside of the philosophical closet. It also promises to free us from seemingly intractable philosophical problems, such as scepticism about the external world. But many of the concepts central to that vision are elusive; and some of the most widely accepted interpretations of Heidegger's vision harbour within themselves deep and important unclarities, while others foist upon us hopeless species of idealism. This book offers a new way of understanding that vision. Drawing on an examination of Heidegger's work throughout the 1920s, it takes as central to that vision the proposals that propositional thought presupposes a mastery of what might be called a ‘measure’, and that mastery of such a ‘measure’ requires a recognizably ‘worldly’ subject. These insights provide the basis for a novel reading of key elements of Heidegger's ‘fundamental ontology’, including his concept of ‘Being-in-the-world’, his critique of scepticism, his claim to disavow both realism and idealism, and his difficult reflections on the nature of truth, science, authenticity, and philosophy itself. According to this interpretation, Heidegger's central ideas identify genuine demands that we must meet if we are to achieve the feat of thinking determinate thoughts about the world around us.Less
Heidegger's early ‘fundamental ontology’ offers a vision of our subjectivity and of the world we inhabit that can appear to be simply truer to life. It allows us to understand the creature that thinks as also one which acts, moves, even touches the world around it — a creature at home in the same ordinary world in which we too live our lives when outside of the philosophical closet. It also promises to free us from seemingly intractable philosophical problems, such as scepticism about the external world. But many of the concepts central to that vision are elusive; and some of the most widely accepted interpretations of Heidegger's vision harbour within themselves deep and important unclarities, while others foist upon us hopeless species of idealism. This book offers a new way of understanding that vision. Drawing on an examination of Heidegger's work throughout the 1920s, it takes as central to that vision the proposals that propositional thought presupposes a mastery of what might be called a ‘measure’, and that mastery of such a ‘measure’ requires a recognizably ‘worldly’ subject. These insights provide the basis for a novel reading of key elements of Heidegger's ‘fundamental ontology’, including his concept of ‘Being-in-the-world’, his critique of scepticism, his claim to disavow both realism and idealism, and his difficult reflections on the nature of truth, science, authenticity, and philosophy itself. According to this interpretation, Heidegger's central ideas identify genuine demands that we must meet if we are to achieve the feat of thinking determinate thoughts about the world around us.
Colin M. Macleod
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198293972
- eISBN:
- 9780191599798
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198293976.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Dworkin argues that equality is the sovereign virtue of political community but he also defends a form of liberalism that prizes individual liberty. This chapter examines Dworkin's attempt to secure ...
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Dworkin argues that equality is the sovereign virtue of political community but he also defends a form of liberalism that prizes individual liberty. This chapter examines Dworkin's attempt to secure a place for individual liberty within the basic structure of equality of resources. The argumentative strategy—the constitutive bridge strategy—deployed by Dworkin is needlessly complex and ad hoc. A simpler, interest‐based strategy provides a better account of the relationship between egalitarianism and individual liberty rights.Less
Dworkin argues that equality is the sovereign virtue of political community but he also defends a form of liberalism that prizes individual liberty. This chapter examines Dworkin's attempt to secure a place for individual liberty within the basic structure of equality of resources. The argumentative strategy—the constitutive bridge strategy—deployed by Dworkin is needlessly complex and ad hoc. A simpler, interest‐based strategy provides a better account of the relationship between egalitarianism and individual liberty rights.
Peter Fleming
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199547159
- eISBN:
- 9780191720024
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199547159.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, HRM / IR
Personal authenticity was once a reference point from which critics and labour activists sought to challenge the domination of the corporation. Now it has entered into the parlance of managerial ...
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Personal authenticity was once a reference point from which critics and labour activists sought to challenge the domination of the corporation. Now it has entered into the parlance of managerial discourse. This book critically investigates the increasing popularity of personal authenticity in corporate ideology and practice. Rather than have workers adhere to depersonalising bureaucratic rules or homogenous cultural norms, many large corporations now invite employees to simply be themselves. Alternative lifestyles, consumption, ethic identity, sexuality, fun, and even dissent are now celebrated since employees are presumed to be more motivated if they can just be themselves. Does this freedom to express ones authenticity in the workplace finally herald the end of corporate control? To answer this question, this book places this concern with authenticity within a political framework and demonstrates how it might represent an even more insidious form of cultural domination. The book especially focuses on the way in which private and non-work selves are prospected and put to work in the firm. The ideas of Hardt and Negri and the Italian autonomist movement are used to show how common forms of association and co-operation outside of commodified work is the inspiration for personal authenticity. It is the vibrancy, energy, and creativity of this non-commodified stratum of social life that managerialism now aims to exploit. Each chapter explores how this is achieved and highlights the worker resistance that is provoked as a result. The book concludes by demonstrating how the discourse of freedom underlying the managerial version of authenticity harbours potential for a radical transformation of the contemporary corporate form.Less
Personal authenticity was once a reference point from which critics and labour activists sought to challenge the domination of the corporation. Now it has entered into the parlance of managerial discourse. This book critically investigates the increasing popularity of personal authenticity in corporate ideology and practice. Rather than have workers adhere to depersonalising bureaucratic rules or homogenous cultural norms, many large corporations now invite employees to simply be themselves. Alternative lifestyles, consumption, ethic identity, sexuality, fun, and even dissent are now celebrated since employees are presumed to be more motivated if they can just be themselves. Does this freedom to express ones authenticity in the workplace finally herald the end of corporate control? To answer this question, this book places this concern with authenticity within a political framework and demonstrates how it might represent an even more insidious form of cultural domination. The book especially focuses on the way in which private and non-work selves are prospected and put to work in the firm. The ideas of Hardt and Negri and the Italian autonomist movement are used to show how common forms of association and co-operation outside of commodified work is the inspiration for personal authenticity. It is the vibrancy, energy, and creativity of this non-commodified stratum of social life that managerialism now aims to exploit. Each chapter explores how this is achieved and highlights the worker resistance that is provoked as a result. The book concludes by demonstrating how the discourse of freedom underlying the managerial version of authenticity harbours potential for a radical transformation of the contemporary corporate form.
Elizabeth Outka
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195372694
- eISBN:
- 9780199871704
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195372694.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
This chapter introduces the concept of the “commodified authentic” and the nostalgic, originary, and aesthetic forms of such marketing, examining the explosive growth of efforts to sell these various ...
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This chapter introduces the concept of the “commodified authentic” and the nostalgic, originary, and aesthetic forms of such marketing, examining the explosive growth of efforts to sell these various forms in Britain at the end of the nineteenth century. The chapter traces the interdisciplinary expressions of the commodified authentic and explores how such a strategy eased for consumers the abrupt transition from the Victorian age to the modern era. The chapter further analyzes the importance of the commodified authentic in the history of modernity and for the development of literary modernism. Tracing some of the central debates in modernist criticism—such Huyssen’s concept of “the great divide,” and the relations between modernism and material culture—the chapter argues that the commodified authentic offers a new way to explore two critical but missing parts of the equation: how commercial ventures in fact deployed and dismantled the vexed relationship between high and low culture, and how literary modernism developed not through a reliance on the great divide or its dismantling but on the uneasy movement between the two impulses, a movement intimately connected to the paradoxical impulse to construct authenticity. The chapter concludes with a detailed summary of the chapters that follow.Less
This chapter introduces the concept of the “commodified authentic” and the nostalgic, originary, and aesthetic forms of such marketing, examining the explosive growth of efforts to sell these various forms in Britain at the end of the nineteenth century. The chapter traces the interdisciplinary expressions of the commodified authentic and explores how such a strategy eased for consumers the abrupt transition from the Victorian age to the modern era. The chapter further analyzes the importance of the commodified authentic in the history of modernity and for the development of literary modernism. Tracing some of the central debates in modernist criticism—such Huyssen’s concept of “the great divide,” and the relations between modernism and material culture—the chapter argues that the commodified authentic offers a new way to explore two critical but missing parts of the equation: how commercial ventures in fact deployed and dismantled the vexed relationship between high and low culture, and how literary modernism developed not through a reliance on the great divide or its dismantling but on the uneasy movement between the two impulses, a movement intimately connected to the paradoxical impulse to construct authenticity. The chapter concludes with a detailed summary of the chapters that follow.
Fred Luthans, Carolyn M. Youssef, and Bruce J. Avolio
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195187526
- eISBN:
- 9780199789863
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195187526.003.0007
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
This chapter selects the potentially best fitting social and higher-order strengths to be included in future psychological capital (PsyCap). In particular, the socially-oriented strengths of ...
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This chapter selects the potentially best fitting social and higher-order strengths to be included in future psychological capital (PsyCap). In particular, the socially-oriented strengths of gratitude, forgiveness, emotional intelligence, and spirituality, and the higher-order strengths of authenticity and courage are analyzed in terms of the PsyCap criteria. As in the case of the cognitive and affective strengths identified in Chapter 6, these six social and higher-order strengths generally fit the PsyCap criteria except for empirically demonstrating the impact on performance in the workplace. The final section suggests directions for future research and practice.Less
This chapter selects the potentially best fitting social and higher-order strengths to be included in future psychological capital (PsyCap). In particular, the socially-oriented strengths of gratitude, forgiveness, emotional intelligence, and spirituality, and the higher-order strengths of authenticity and courage are analyzed in terms of the PsyCap criteria. As in the case of the cognitive and affective strengths identified in Chapter 6, these six social and higher-order strengths generally fit the PsyCap criteria except for empirically demonstrating the impact on performance in the workplace. The final section suggests directions for future research and practice.
Michael Foley
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199232673
- eISBN:
- 9780191716362
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199232673.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter discusses the complaints and critiques about the composition of American democracy, i.e., not only what American democracy consists of but what it should consist of to be both ...
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This chapter discusses the complaints and critiques about the composition of American democracy, i.e., not only what American democracy consists of but what it should consist of to be both authentically American and authentically democratic. What is evident from the contested nature of American democracy is that empirical assessments of its performance are not only guided by normative judgements, but are themselves vehicles of disputes between and amongst other ideas with competing claims upon American priorities.Less
This chapter discusses the complaints and critiques about the composition of American democracy, i.e., not only what American democracy consists of but what it should consist of to be both authentically American and authentically democratic. What is evident from the contested nature of American democracy is that empirical assessments of its performance are not only guided by normative judgements, but are themselves vehicles of disputes between and amongst other ideas with competing claims upon American priorities.
Mike W. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195304718
- eISBN:
- 9780199786572
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195304713.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter continues the discussion began in Chapter 1 on the ways moral values are embedded in conceptions of mental disorders and positive health, focusing on when mental health is defined ...
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This chapter continues the discussion began in Chapter 1 on the ways moral values are embedded in conceptions of mental disorders and positive health, focusing on when mental health is defined positively, as psychological well-being. Positive conceptions of health invariably embody or presuppose moral values. Marie Jahoda identified six (overlapping) criteria for positive health, which today, is the starting point for many contemporary discussions. These are: (1) self-esteem, (2) psychological integration, (3) personal autonomy, (4) self-actualization, (5) social coping, and (6) realistic cognition. It is argued that these criteria are closely linked, respectively, to self-respect, integrity, moral autonomy, authenticity, responsibility, and truthfulness. They are not synonymous with these virtues, however, and each feature can be unfolded in subjective or objective directions, thereby reflecting ambiguities in the therapeutic trend.Less
This chapter continues the discussion began in Chapter 1 on the ways moral values are embedded in conceptions of mental disorders and positive health, focusing on when mental health is defined positively, as psychological well-being. Positive conceptions of health invariably embody or presuppose moral values. Marie Jahoda identified six (overlapping) criteria for positive health, which today, is the starting point for many contemporary discussions. These are: (1) self-esteem, (2) psychological integration, (3) personal autonomy, (4) self-actualization, (5) social coping, and (6) realistic cognition. It is argued that these criteria are closely linked, respectively, to self-respect, integrity, moral autonomy, authenticity, responsibility, and truthfulness. They are not synonymous with these virtues, however, and each feature can be unfolded in subjective or objective directions, thereby reflecting ambiguities in the therapeutic trend.
Peter Fleming
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199547159
- eISBN:
- 9780191720024
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199547159.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, HRM / IR
This chapter introduces the overall argument regarding the recent turn to authenticity in managerial discourse and practice. It places the concern with authenticity in an historical and cultural ...
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This chapter introduces the overall argument regarding the recent turn to authenticity in managerial discourse and practice. It places the concern with authenticity in an historical and cultural setting and demonstrates how the authenticity invited by organizations is delimited in a very specific manner. The evocation of non-work life as the source of authenticity is particularly salient. The Introduction also gives some preliminary directions for the political analysis of the corporation that is unpacked in the chapters that follow. Corporations and work more generally have tended to represent the antithesis of life since most of us would rather avoid it if at all possible. The drive for authenticity aims to inject a life of sorts into the workplace, but this has political ramifications. A brief summary of the chapters that follow is provided.Less
This chapter introduces the overall argument regarding the recent turn to authenticity in managerial discourse and practice. It places the concern with authenticity in an historical and cultural setting and demonstrates how the authenticity invited by organizations is delimited in a very specific manner. The evocation of non-work life as the source of authenticity is particularly salient. The Introduction also gives some preliminary directions for the political analysis of the corporation that is unpacked in the chapters that follow. Corporations and work more generally have tended to represent the antithesis of life since most of us would rather avoid it if at all possible. The drive for authenticity aims to inject a life of sorts into the workplace, but this has political ramifications. A brief summary of the chapters that follow is provided.
Peter Fleming
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199547159
- eISBN:
- 9780191720024
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199547159.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, HRM / IR
This chapter outlines the emergence of a new turn in managerial discourse and practice that calls on employees to express their authentic identities. It briefly defines personal authenticity and its ...
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This chapter outlines the emergence of a new turn in managerial discourse and practice that calls on employees to express their authentic identities. It briefly defines personal authenticity and its historical significance in western philosophical thought before exploring it evocation in work organizations. The chapter argues that the managerial exhortation for employees to ‘just be themselves’ is both a continuation of the neo-human relations attempt to adjust employees to the labour process, and a break with that tradition. The difference lies in the importance of non-work themes being celebrated in the sphere of production. An empirical example is then examined. The chapter concludes by demonstrating how this managerial ideology represents a more insidious form of control rather than the demise of control. The politics of authenticity comes to the fore in the analysis.Less
This chapter outlines the emergence of a new turn in managerial discourse and practice that calls on employees to express their authentic identities. It briefly defines personal authenticity and its historical significance in western philosophical thought before exploring it evocation in work organizations. The chapter argues that the managerial exhortation for employees to ‘just be themselves’ is both a continuation of the neo-human relations attempt to adjust employees to the labour process, and a break with that tradition. The difference lies in the importance of non-work themes being celebrated in the sphere of production. An empirical example is then examined. The chapter concludes by demonstrating how this managerial ideology represents a more insidious form of control rather than the demise of control. The politics of authenticity comes to the fore in the analysis.
Peter Fleming
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199547159
- eISBN:
- 9780191720024
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199547159.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, HRM / IR
Having introduced a strong political dimension in the last chapter, this chapter aims to explain the corporate interest in authenticity and place it in a political economy of the firm. What makes the ...
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Having introduced a strong political dimension in the last chapter, this chapter aims to explain the corporate interest in authenticity and place it in a political economy of the firm. What makes the ‘just be yourself’ managerial approach different to earlier corporate ideologies is the strong significance of non-work. If we feel more ourselves outside of work, then more of non-work is required to imbue the labour process and organizational climate. The boundaries of the organization haemorrhages as traditionally extra-employment themes feature within the space and time of work. The chapter then draws on the Italian autonomist movement and particularly the ideas of Hardt and Negri to explain this aspect of the discourse of authenticity. It is argued that the non-work being targeted here is what these authors call the commons — those non-commodified practices of co-operation and creativity that persists despite and because of the corporate form. The organization requires this commons to reproduce itself. This is why managerial practice is so interested in authenticity.Less
Having introduced a strong political dimension in the last chapter, this chapter aims to explain the corporate interest in authenticity and place it in a political economy of the firm. What makes the ‘just be yourself’ managerial approach different to earlier corporate ideologies is the strong significance of non-work. If we feel more ourselves outside of work, then more of non-work is required to imbue the labour process and organizational climate. The boundaries of the organization haemorrhages as traditionally extra-employment themes feature within the space and time of work. The chapter then draws on the Italian autonomist movement and particularly the ideas of Hardt and Negri to explain this aspect of the discourse of authenticity. It is argued that the non-work being targeted here is what these authors call the commons — those non-commodified practices of co-operation and creativity that persists despite and because of the corporate form. The organization requires this commons to reproduce itself. This is why managerial practice is so interested in authenticity.
