A. C. Lloyd
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198238065
- eISBN:
- 9780191597916
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198238061.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Ancient Philosophy
Neoplatonism is traditionally considered a mystical philosophy; on the contrary the aim of this book is to show the importance of a logical and epistemological approach for the understanding of ...
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Neoplatonism is traditionally considered a mystical philosophy; on the contrary the aim of this book is to show the importance of a logical and epistemological approach for the understanding of Neoplatonic basic ontological problems. In doing that, Lloyd considers a very wide range of philosophers from Plotinus up to Byzantine Neoplatonists. After a preliminary discussion of how the Neoplatonic semantics and logical concepts are a result of their understanding of previous philosophers (in particular Aristotle), Lloyd introduces the key point of the book, i.e. his theory of the P‐series. A P‐series is a group of terms ordered according to priority a posteriority in which the first term is universal and common to all the others. This logical theory is applied to explain how the reality is structured (procession and emanation from the One) and how knowledge is constituted. The book ends with an analysis of how mystical apprehension differs from the union with the One.Less
Neoplatonism is traditionally considered a mystical philosophy; on the contrary the aim of this book is to show the importance of a logical and epistemological approach for the understanding of Neoplatonic basic ontological problems. In doing that, Lloyd considers a very wide range of philosophers from Plotinus up to Byzantine Neoplatonists. After a preliminary discussion of how the Neoplatonic semantics and logical concepts are a result of their understanding of previous philosophers (in particular Aristotle), Lloyd introduces the key point of the book, i.e. his theory of the P‐series. A P‐series is a group of terms ordered according to priority a posteriority in which the first term is universal and common to all the others. This logical theory is applied to explain how the reality is structured (procession and emanation from the One) and how knowledge is constituted. The book ends with an analysis of how mystical apprehension differs from the union with the One.
Ryan Nichols
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199276912
- eISBN:
- 9780191707759
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199276912.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter focuses on the nature of conceptual awareness. Reid characterizes the type of conceptual awareness of interest to his theory of perception as a special subspecies of conception, what he ...
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This chapter focuses on the nature of conceptual awareness. Reid characterizes the type of conceptual awareness of interest to his theory of perception as a special subspecies of conception, what he calls apprehension. Apprehension is responsible for the presentation of mind-independent objects directly to the mind. Reid describes the conceptual state that apprehension produces as an ‘immanent act of the mind’. This is an intentional state because it necessarily takes objects. Apprehensions thus differ from other mental states, such as moods, which are not intentional.Less
This chapter focuses on the nature of conceptual awareness. Reid characterizes the type of conceptual awareness of interest to his theory of perception as a special subspecies of conception, what he calls apprehension. Apprehension is responsible for the presentation of mind-independent objects directly to the mind. Reid describes the conceptual state that apprehension produces as an ‘immanent act of the mind’. This is an intentional state because it necessarily takes objects. Apprehensions thus differ from other mental states, such as moods, which are not intentional.
Albert O. Hirschman
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691159904
- eISBN:
- 9781400848409
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691159904.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Theory
This chapter discusses the complicated relationship between perception and reality in development. It explores the role of emotions and subjective forces—especially envy—in arguing that just as ...
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This chapter discusses the complicated relationship between perception and reality in development. It explores the role of emotions and subjective forces—especially envy—in arguing that just as social scientists and policy makers should not confuse circumstantial setbacks with failure in development, rising intolerance for inequality need not be seen as a sign of a crisis of capitalism, or of having to choose between growth or equality. Psychological effects, like the “tunnel effect,” are highly contingent, and one has to understand them carefully before jumping to big conclusions. After all, a strong tunnel effect, by making social injustice more visible, can have positive repercussions.Less
This chapter discusses the complicated relationship between perception and reality in development. It explores the role of emotions and subjective forces—especially envy—in arguing that just as social scientists and policy makers should not confuse circumstantial setbacks with failure in development, rising intolerance for inequality need not be seen as a sign of a crisis of capitalism, or of having to choose between growth or equality. Psychological effects, like the “tunnel effect,” are highly contingent, and one has to understand them carefully before jumping to big conclusions. After all, a strong tunnel effect, by making social injustice more visible, can have positive repercussions.
Milton J. Rosenberg
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195385540
- eISBN:
- 9780199869824
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195385540.003.0007
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
On the assumption that many research subjects are apprehensive about how they will be evaluated, this chapter describes the circumstances in which this source of artifacts seems most and least apt to ...
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On the assumption that many research subjects are apprehensive about how they will be evaluated, this chapter describes the circumstances in which this source of artifacts seems most and least apt to occur.Less
On the assumption that many research subjects are apprehensive about how they will be evaluated, this chapter describes the circumstances in which this source of artifacts seems most and least apt to occur.
Gail Fine
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199564453
- eISBN:
- 9780191721618
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199564453.003.0015
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology, Ancient Philosophy
In PH 2.1-10, Sextus considers a paradox of sceptical inquiry, according to which sceptics can't inquire. He explains how sceptics can inquire, and argues that it's the dogmatists who can't inquire. ...
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In PH 2.1-10, Sextus considers a paradox of sceptical inquiry, according to which sceptics can't inquire. He explains how sceptics can inquire, and argues that it's the dogmatists who can't inquire. This chapter explores the paradox of sceptical inquiry, along with Sextus' defense of the sceptic's ability to inquiry. It also considers Sextus' challenge to the possibility of dogmatic — especially Stoic — inquiry.Less
In PH 2.1-10, Sextus considers a paradox of sceptical inquiry, according to which sceptics can't inquire. He explains how sceptics can inquire, and argues that it's the dogmatists who can't inquire. This chapter explores the paradox of sceptical inquiry, along with Sextus' defense of the sceptic's ability to inquiry. It also considers Sextus' challenge to the possibility of dogmatic — especially Stoic — inquiry.
Robert Ellrodt
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198117384
- eISBN:
- 9780191670923
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117384.003.0016
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
Just as his reflexive awareness of the natural phenomenon of perception turns into a rapturous delight at the possibility of a spiritual possession of the world, ecstasies of divine love at once ...
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Just as his reflexive awareness of the natural phenomenon of perception turns into a rapturous delight at the possibility of a spiritual possession of the world, ecstasies of divine love at once irradiate and mask the true nature of Thomas Traherne's Christianity. Traherne duly acknowledges the pre-eminence of spiritual qualities and pleasures, but what is characteristic is the way in which sensible enjoyment tends to become self-sufficient either in the exercise of a faculty or by being pervaded with a diffuse spirituality. Traherne's spiritual enjoyment of his senses creates a ‘unified sensibility’ when he celebrates the fusion of soul and sense in the glorified body. Traherne identifies the soul with consciousness. Since his consciousness takes in the world and his sensations are felt as present within the soul, there is for him, in fact, no difference between soul and sense in a self-reflexive apprehension. Traherne's mode of apprehension of his own thoughts and sensations does not invite the interpenetration of the concrete and the abstract observed in the poetry of John Donne and George Herbert.Less
Just as his reflexive awareness of the natural phenomenon of perception turns into a rapturous delight at the possibility of a spiritual possession of the world, ecstasies of divine love at once irradiate and mask the true nature of Thomas Traherne's Christianity. Traherne duly acknowledges the pre-eminence of spiritual qualities and pleasures, but what is characteristic is the way in which sensible enjoyment tends to become self-sufficient either in the exercise of a faculty or by being pervaded with a diffuse spirituality. Traherne's spiritual enjoyment of his senses creates a ‘unified sensibility’ when he celebrates the fusion of soul and sense in the glorified body. Traherne identifies the soul with consciousness. Since his consciousness takes in the world and his sensations are felt as present within the soul, there is for him, in fact, no difference between soul and sense in a self-reflexive apprehension. Traherne's mode of apprehension of his own thoughts and sensations does not invite the interpenetration of the concrete and the abstract observed in the poetry of John Donne and George Herbert.
Robert Ellrodt
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198117384
- eISBN:
- 9780191670923
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117384.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
A combined survey of Edward Herbert's prose works and his rather slender corpus of poetry sheds some light on the emergence of his mode of self-reflexivity. Herbert found it absurd to assume that ...
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A combined survey of Edward Herbert's prose works and his rather slender corpus of poetry sheds some light on the emergence of his mode of self-reflexivity. Herbert found it absurd to assume that there are only five modes of apprehension because we have five sense-organs. Because of his exclusive attention to the ‘inner sense’, Herbert multiplied the modes of apprehension; his discovery of subjectivity made him keenly aware of the particularity of each representation. With Thomas Traherne we move from egocentricity to a kind of solipsistic illusion, at least in his record of the alleged intuitions of his infancy. Traherne's evocation of his dreams in childhood is in accordance with the conclusions reached by Jean Piaget. The spontaneous solipsism of the infant, acknowledged by modern psychology, is linked to the poet's moments of solipsistic meditation. Had Traherne been capable of self-criticism, he might not have indulged in an exaltation of self-love. This self-centredness is characteristic of his conception of love as originating in self-love both in man and in God.Less
A combined survey of Edward Herbert's prose works and his rather slender corpus of poetry sheds some light on the emergence of his mode of self-reflexivity. Herbert found it absurd to assume that there are only five modes of apprehension because we have five sense-organs. Because of his exclusive attention to the ‘inner sense’, Herbert multiplied the modes of apprehension; his discovery of subjectivity made him keenly aware of the particularity of each representation. With Thomas Traherne we move from egocentricity to a kind of solipsistic illusion, at least in his record of the alleged intuitions of his infancy. Traherne's evocation of his dreams in childhood is in accordance with the conclusions reached by Jean Piaget. The spontaneous solipsism of the infant, acknowledged by modern psychology, is linked to the poet's moments of solipsistic meditation. Had Traherne been capable of self-criticism, he might not have indulged in an exaltation of self-love. This self-centredness is characteristic of his conception of love as originating in self-love both in man and in God.
Lisa Wedeen
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226650579
- eISBN:
- 9780226650746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226650746.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Authoritarian Apprehensions challenges scholars to consider what the epochal, as well as ambiguous, set of regional events known initially as the Arab Spring mean in larger historical and theoretical ...
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Authoritarian Apprehensions challenges scholars to consider what the epochal, as well as ambiguous, set of regional events known initially as the Arab Spring mean in larger historical and theoretical terms. Locating the Arab world in a world-historical frame is necessary for any adequate analysis of what these events betoken, and doing so raises certain central questions of modern critical thought. But Authoritarian Apprehensions also prompts thinking about what categories like neoliberalism or ideology or autocracy might mean—not only as grounded phenomena or as instantiated in historical moments, but as theoretical constructs in need of parsing in relation to power, politics, aesthetics, subjectivity, and belief.Less
Authoritarian Apprehensions challenges scholars to consider what the epochal, as well as ambiguous, set of regional events known initially as the Arab Spring mean in larger historical and theoretical terms. Locating the Arab world in a world-historical frame is necessary for any adequate analysis of what these events betoken, and doing so raises certain central questions of modern critical thought. But Authoritarian Apprehensions also prompts thinking about what categories like neoliberalism or ideology or autocracy might mean—not only as grounded phenomena or as instantiated in historical moments, but as theoretical constructs in need of parsing in relation to power, politics, aesthetics, subjectivity, and belief.
J. M. Beattie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199695164
- eISBN:
- 9780191738746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695164.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter begins with an analysis of the financial support provided by the government for the policing work of the runners. The accounts of the office show the runners earning enough to provide ...
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This chapter begins with an analysis of the financial support provided by the government for the policing work of the runners. The accounts of the office show the runners earning enough to provide the foundation of an income that was supplemented by other sources, including private clients, an income that enabled many of them to enjoy long careers at Bow Street. Stability of tenure and long experience improved their detective skills, the subject of the second part of the chapter, which examines the way they went about their business, their collection of criminal information and use of informers. Finally, the chapter examines the dangers of the job, and the courage they not infrequently showed in making arrests and bringing accused offenders to Bow Street to be examined.Less
This chapter begins with an analysis of the financial support provided by the government for the policing work of the runners. The accounts of the office show the runners earning enough to provide the foundation of an income that was supplemented by other sources, including private clients, an income that enabled many of them to enjoy long careers at Bow Street. Stability of tenure and long experience improved their detective skills, the subject of the second part of the chapter, which examines the way they went about their business, their collection of criminal information and use of informers. Finally, the chapter examines the dangers of the job, and the courage they not infrequently showed in making arrests and bringing accused offenders to Bow Street to be examined.
RONALD HYAM
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205647
- eISBN:
- 9780191676727
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205647.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter places the British Empire in the spirit of the times of the Edwardian era. The Dominions seemed unlikely to give as much help as Britain would have wished. The Empire came to an end, not ...
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This chapter places the British Empire in the spirit of the times of the Edwardian era. The Dominions seemed unlikely to give as much help as Britain would have wished. The Empire came to an end, not from any failure of metropolitan will or from white colonial machinations, still less any physical degeneration of the British race. International pressures contributed to the eventual decolonization, but these were not quite those anticipated by the Edwardians. The challenges of the 20th century, many of them skilfully identified by the Edwardians, were tackled resourcefully, and not always unsuccessfully.Less
This chapter places the British Empire in the spirit of the times of the Edwardian era. The Dominions seemed unlikely to give as much help as Britain would have wished. The Empire came to an end, not from any failure of metropolitan will or from white colonial machinations, still less any physical degeneration of the British race. International pressures contributed to the eventual decolonization, but these were not quite those anticipated by the Edwardians. The challenges of the 20th century, many of them skilfully identified by the Edwardians, were tackled resourcefully, and not always unsuccessfully.
Robert Lanier Reid
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781526109170
- eISBN:
- 9781526121134
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526109170.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies
Thirteen writershave comprehensively explained theRenaissance scheme of physiology-psychology used for nosce teipsum, to ‘know oneself’, and other scholars have analysed key features likehumours, ...
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Thirteen writershave comprehensively explained theRenaissance scheme of physiology-psychology used for nosce teipsum, to ‘know oneself’, and other scholars have analysed key features likehumours, bodily spirits, passions, reason, inner wits, soul and spirit, mystic apprehension.Only poetswith epic scope, like Spenser and Shakespeare, depict human nature holistically, yet these finest poets have radically distinct psychologies.Spenser’s Christianised Platonism prioritises the soul, his art mirroringdivine Creation as dogmatically and encyclopedically conceived. He looks to the past, collating classical and medieval authorities in memory-devices like the figurative house, nobly ordered in triadic mystic numerical hierarchyto reform the ruins of time. Shakespeare’s sophisticated Aristoteleanism prioritises the body, highlighting physical processes and dynamic feelings of immediate experience, and subjecting them to intense, skeptical consciousness. He points to the future, using the witty ironies of popular stage productions to test and deconstruct prior authority, opening the unconscious to psychoanalysis. This polarity of psychologies is radical and profound, resembling the complementary theories of physics, structuring reality either (like Spenser) in the neatly-contained form of particle theory, or (like Shakespeare) in the rhythmic cycles of wave theory. How do we explain these distinct concepts, and how are they related? These poets’ contrary artistry appears in strikingly different versions of a ‘fairy queen’, of humour-based passions (notably the primal passion of self-love), of intellection (divergent modes of temptation and of moral resolution), of immortal soul and spirit, of holistic plot design, and of readiness for final judgment.Less
Thirteen writershave comprehensively explained theRenaissance scheme of physiology-psychology used for nosce teipsum, to ‘know oneself’, and other scholars have analysed key features likehumours, bodily spirits, passions, reason, inner wits, soul and spirit, mystic apprehension.Only poetswith epic scope, like Spenser and Shakespeare, depict human nature holistically, yet these finest poets have radically distinct psychologies.Spenser’s Christianised Platonism prioritises the soul, his art mirroringdivine Creation as dogmatically and encyclopedically conceived. He looks to the past, collating classical and medieval authorities in memory-devices like the figurative house, nobly ordered in triadic mystic numerical hierarchyto reform the ruins of time. Shakespeare’s sophisticated Aristoteleanism prioritises the body, highlighting physical processes and dynamic feelings of immediate experience, and subjecting them to intense, skeptical consciousness. He points to the future, using the witty ironies of popular stage productions to test and deconstruct prior authority, opening the unconscious to psychoanalysis. This polarity of psychologies is radical and profound, resembling the complementary theories of physics, structuring reality either (like Spenser) in the neatly-contained form of particle theory, or (like Shakespeare) in the rhythmic cycles of wave theory. How do we explain these distinct concepts, and how are they related? These poets’ contrary artistry appears in strikingly different versions of a ‘fairy queen’, of humour-based passions (notably the primal passion of self-love), of intellection (divergent modes of temptation and of moral resolution), of immortal soul and spirit, of holistic plot design, and of readiness for final judgment.
Peter Middleton
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226290003
- eISBN:
- 9780226290140
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226290140.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
This chapter traces the development of Rukeyser and Olson’s thinking about physics over the next two decades, as they gradually jettisoned conceptual schemes based on the system and the field. Their ...
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This chapter traces the development of Rukeyser and Olson’s thinking about physics over the next two decades, as they gradually jettisoned conceptual schemes based on the system and the field. Their trajectory is contrasted with the shifting interests in science of Robert Duncan. Rukeyser begins with high hopes of editing a major anthology on science and the humanities, but gradually loses confidence in schemas borrowed from physics. After her long poem One Life she largely abandons the use of poetic masks, and writes in The Speed of Darkness that the fundamental unit of the universe is the story not the atom. The chapter then offers close readings of science in Olson’s poems “The Kingfishers,” the unpublished “Maximus Letter #28,” and “Maximus to Gloucester, Letter 27 [withheld].” This last poem is read in detail against its sources in Whitehead’s metaphysics, which provided Olson with a readymade conceptual scheme. The final section explores Duncan’s discursive responses to public knowledge of the sciences, and gives close readings of two poems, “Apprehensions” and “The Fire: Passages 13.” “The Fire” is a poem that Olson could not have written, because it expresses and then examines the poet’s rage at scientists like Oppenheimer.Less
This chapter traces the development of Rukeyser and Olson’s thinking about physics over the next two decades, as they gradually jettisoned conceptual schemes based on the system and the field. Their trajectory is contrasted with the shifting interests in science of Robert Duncan. Rukeyser begins with high hopes of editing a major anthology on science and the humanities, but gradually loses confidence in schemas borrowed from physics. After her long poem One Life she largely abandons the use of poetic masks, and writes in The Speed of Darkness that the fundamental unit of the universe is the story not the atom. The chapter then offers close readings of science in Olson’s poems “The Kingfishers,” the unpublished “Maximus Letter #28,” and “Maximus to Gloucester, Letter 27 [withheld].” This last poem is read in detail against its sources in Whitehead’s metaphysics, which provided Olson with a readymade conceptual scheme. The final section explores Duncan’s discursive responses to public knowledge of the sciences, and gives close readings of two poems, “Apprehensions” and “The Fire: Passages 13.” “The Fire” is a poem that Olson could not have written, because it expresses and then examines the poet’s rage at scientists like Oppenheimer.
Jay F. Rosenberg
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199275816
- eISBN:
- 9780191699849
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199275816.003.0011
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This chapter talks about the problem of the Second Analogy—it rests on the observation that our experience is temporarily discursive, or as Kant repeatedly stresses ‘as the subjective succession of ...
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This chapter talks about the problem of the Second Analogy—it rests on the observation that our experience is temporarily discursive, or as Kant repeatedly stresses ‘as the subjective succession of apprehension’. The crucial observation is that such a subjective succession can be the manifestation of objective states of affairs having quite different temporal structures. An experience of objective successiveness is correlative to a general entitlement to draw conclusions about something preceding and necessitating whatever is perceived as happening or occurring. Kant's own account precisely inverts the Humean order of dependency. A commitment to the universal validity of the principle of causation is a condition of possible experience, including the experiences of objective temporal successiveness, the happenings and occurrences, that Hume's account simple takes for granted.Less
This chapter talks about the problem of the Second Analogy—it rests on the observation that our experience is temporarily discursive, or as Kant repeatedly stresses ‘as the subjective succession of apprehension’. The crucial observation is that such a subjective succession can be the manifestation of objective states of affairs having quite different temporal structures. An experience of objective successiveness is correlative to a general entitlement to draw conclusions about something preceding and necessitating whatever is perceived as happening or occurring. Kant's own account precisely inverts the Humean order of dependency. A commitment to the universal validity of the principle of causation is a condition of possible experience, including the experiences of objective temporal successiveness, the happenings and occurrences, that Hume's account simple takes for granted.
Derek Doyle, David Jeffrey, and Kenneth Calman
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780192632272
- eISBN:
- 9780191730245
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192632272.003.0004
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
This chapter probes into the apprehensions, anxieties, and emotional problems faced by terminally ill patients, the emotions and psychosocial issues faced by the families and relatives, and how the ...
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This chapter probes into the apprehensions, anxieties, and emotional problems faced by terminally ill patients, the emotions and psychosocial issues faced by the families and relatives, and how the feelings experienced by the patient and the family affect one another. Among the uncertainties felt by patients with cancer are the pain associated with the disease, the inevitable death, their increasing dependency, the future of their beloved, the need for further tests and investigations, the uncertainty of their condition, and the possibility of abandonment. For the part of the relatives and families, anxieties arise from the sense of inadequacy in terms of giving proper care and the sense of uncertainty of the future once the ordeal has passed. The chapter also includes a discussion on the family differences, tensions, anger, and frustration that may arise while coping with a family member with a terminal disease. It concludes with a discussion on how to overcome the anxieties felt by patients and their families.Less
This chapter probes into the apprehensions, anxieties, and emotional problems faced by terminally ill patients, the emotions and psychosocial issues faced by the families and relatives, and how the feelings experienced by the patient and the family affect one another. Among the uncertainties felt by patients with cancer are the pain associated with the disease, the inevitable death, their increasing dependency, the future of their beloved, the need for further tests and investigations, the uncertainty of their condition, and the possibility of abandonment. For the part of the relatives and families, anxieties arise from the sense of inadequacy in terms of giving proper care and the sense of uncertainty of the future once the ordeal has passed. The chapter also includes a discussion on the family differences, tensions, anger, and frustration that may arise while coping with a family member with a terminal disease. It concludes with a discussion on how to overcome the anxieties felt by patients and their families.
Eleni Kechagia
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199597239
- eISBN:
- 9780191731495
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199597239.003.0009
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
This chapter examines Plutarch's arguments in response to Colotes' claims against Cyrenaic epistemology. Colotes accused the Cyrenaics of making life impossible to live by claiming that they can only ...
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This chapter examines Plutarch's arguments in response to Colotes' claims against Cyrenaic epistemology. Colotes accused the Cyrenaics of making life impossible to live by claiming that they can only apprehend their own pathē, but not the external object causing them. Plutarch acknowledges that the Cyrenaic view eventually leads to extreme subjectivism, but goes on to show that the thoroughgoing empiricism of Epicurean epistemology can lead to subjectivist consequences too. Arguing that all impressions are true, which is what the Epicureans say, is ultimately not much different from arguing that none is: one's true impressions, which report only on themselves and on eidōla that may or may not be exactly the same as the external object they represent, do not lead one to firm knowledge of the external world.Less
This chapter examines Plutarch's arguments in response to Colotes' claims against Cyrenaic epistemology. Colotes accused the Cyrenaics of making life impossible to live by claiming that they can only apprehend their own pathē, but not the external object causing them. Plutarch acknowledges that the Cyrenaic view eventually leads to extreme subjectivism, but goes on to show that the thoroughgoing empiricism of Epicurean epistemology can lead to subjectivist consequences too. Arguing that all impressions are true, which is what the Epicureans say, is ultimately not much different from arguing that none is: one's true impressions, which report only on themselves and on eidōla that may or may not be exactly the same as the external object they represent, do not lead one to firm knowledge of the external world.
Ernest Sosa
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691143972
- eISBN:
- 9781400836918
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691143972.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This chapter presents an account of experiential states to which the AAA (accurate, adroit, apt) structure is applicable. It refers to four different ways in which our experience (apprehension) of ...
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This chapter presents an account of experiential states to which the AAA (accurate, adroit, apt) structure is applicable. It refers to four different ways in which our experience (apprehension) of sensa (sense data) might be direct. The directness could be causal, justificatory, inferential, or referential; the chapter dwells on each one with more detail. The crucial problem for the theory of sensa is how to defend its move beyond the first to the second stage. The chapter introduces a fourfold distinction among forms of awareness to approach the question of whether sensory experience can ever fail to be self-intimating, whether we can ever fail to be aware of some sensory experience that we are then anyhow undergoing.Less
This chapter presents an account of experiential states to which the AAA (accurate, adroit, apt) structure is applicable. It refers to four different ways in which our experience (apprehension) of sensa (sense data) might be direct. The directness could be causal, justificatory, inferential, or referential; the chapter dwells on each one with more detail. The crucial problem for the theory of sensa is how to defend its move beyond the first to the second stage. The chapter introduces a fourfold distinction among forms of awareness to approach the question of whether sensory experience can ever fail to be self-intimating, whether we can ever fail to be aware of some sensory experience that we are then anyhow undergoing.
A. C. Lloyd
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198238065
- eISBN:
- 9780191597916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198238061.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Ancient Philosophy
In contrast with the different views of some recent scholars, Ch. 7 constitutes an important attempt to point out the importance played by non‐discursive thought in Plotinus and Proclus in several ...
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In contrast with the different views of some recent scholars, Ch. 7 constitutes an important attempt to point out the importance played by non‐discursive thought in Plotinus and Proclus in several ways. Firstly, the differences between the doctrines of Plotinus and Proclus are investigated. Secondly, it is considered the role of the ‘Loving Intellect’ in both Plotinus’ and Proclus’ philosophy. Thirdly, it is indicated how the One plays a crucial role in the mystical experience and how this kind of experience may be an evidence of the activity of the One. Finally, it is shown how some problems and difficulties of Plotinus’ philosophy may be explained through reference to the mystical experience.Less
In contrast with the different views of some recent scholars, Ch. 7 constitutes an important attempt to point out the importance played by non‐discursive thought in Plotinus and Proclus in several ways. Firstly, the differences between the doctrines of Plotinus and Proclus are investigated. Secondly, it is considered the role of the ‘Loving Intellect’ in both Plotinus’ and Proclus’ philosophy. Thirdly, it is indicated how the One plays a crucial role in the mystical experience and how this kind of experience may be an evidence of the activity of the One. Finally, it is shown how some problems and difficulties of Plotinus’ philosophy may be explained through reference to the mystical experience.
Bryan Magee
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198237228
- eISBN:
- 9780191706233
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198237227.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
To the proposition that I can know objects only from outside, and through the forms of sense and intellect that my personal equipment makes available, there is a single exception and that is my own ...
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To the proposition that I can know objects only from outside, and through the forms of sense and intellect that my personal equipment makes available, there is a single exception and that is my own body. Each of us is a physical object that knows one physical object from inside, namely itself. But I experience the movements of this body primarily as an agent rather than through organs of sense or intellect. My willed movements are perceived by others as matter in motion, but by me they are apprehended first and foremost as acts of will: the two are the same phenomenon experienced in different ways.Less
To the proposition that I can know objects only from outside, and through the forms of sense and intellect that my personal equipment makes available, there is a single exception and that is my own body. Each of us is a physical object that knows one physical object from inside, namely itself. But I experience the movements of this body primarily as an agent rather than through organs of sense or intellect. My willed movements are perceived by others as matter in motion, but by me they are apprehended first and foremost as acts of will: the two are the same phenomenon experienced in different ways.
Michael Fishbane
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780226764153
- eISBN:
- 9780226764290
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226764290.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
The section introduces the subject of Sod, or a mystical apprehension of God and world-being. It is a movement towards an integral consciousness – perceiving more inclusively and more profoundly. Sod ...
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The section introduces the subject of Sod, or a mystical apprehension of God and world-being. It is a movement towards an integral consciousness – perceiving more inclusively and more profoundly. Sod is not understood as an esoteric interpretation of Torah or divine reality, as in classical Jewish mysticism, but a profounder turn to the exigencies of existence. The opening towards this attitude or orientation is explored through a textual example. One begins with the openings of the world, and proceeds through ever deeper and more penetrating perceptions. Spiritual consciousness is the focused refinement of our natural desire to live integrally within worldly reality.Less
The section introduces the subject of Sod, or a mystical apprehension of God and world-being. It is a movement towards an integral consciousness – perceiving more inclusively and more profoundly. Sod is not understood as an esoteric interpretation of Torah or divine reality, as in classical Jewish mysticism, but a profounder turn to the exigencies of existence. The opening towards this attitude or orientation is explored through a textual example. One begins with the openings of the world, and proceeds through ever deeper and more penetrating perceptions. Spiritual consciousness is the focused refinement of our natural desire to live integrally within worldly reality.
Blake D. Dutton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452932
- eISBN:
- 9781501703553
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452932.003.0009
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
This chapter examines Augustine of Hippo's efforts to vindicate the possibility of knowledge as he sought to discredit Academic skepticism. It first considers the debate that took place between the ...
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This chapter examines Augustine of Hippo's efforts to vindicate the possibility of knowledge as he sought to discredit Academic skepticism. It first considers the debate that took place between the Academics and the Stoics over the possibility of knowledge, with particular emphasis on the Academics' attack on apprehension that the Stoics considered to be a necessary precursor to knowledge. It then provides an overview of the basics of Stoic epistemology before discussing the apprehensible impression by looking at an imaginary dialogue that Cicero constructs between Arcesilaus and Zeno. It also offers a simplified definition of apprehensible impression and goes on to analyze the attack on apprehension that the Academics launched against the Stoics, focusing on the “Indistinguishability Thesis.” Finally, it assesses the general consequences of the Academic attack against the Stoics.Less
This chapter examines Augustine of Hippo's efforts to vindicate the possibility of knowledge as he sought to discredit Academic skepticism. It first considers the debate that took place between the Academics and the Stoics over the possibility of knowledge, with particular emphasis on the Academics' attack on apprehension that the Stoics considered to be a necessary precursor to knowledge. It then provides an overview of the basics of Stoic epistemology before discussing the apprehensible impression by looking at an imaginary dialogue that Cicero constructs between Arcesilaus and Zeno. It also offers a simplified definition of apprehensible impression and goes on to analyze the attack on apprehension that the Academics launched against the Stoics, focusing on the “Indistinguishability Thesis.” Finally, it assesses the general consequences of the Academic attack against the Stoics.
