Owen Chadwick
- Published in print:
- 1983
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198264453
- eISBN:
- 9780191682711
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198264453.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter examines the career of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Durham during Great Depression in Great Britain and his relations with the miners. It suggests that though Henson was aware of the ...
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This chapter examines the career of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Durham during Great Depression in Great Britain and his relations with the miners. It suggests that though Henson was aware of the suffering of the miners in Durham and he tried to help provide meaningful work for the unemployed, he condemned the coal-mining unions' strikes. It also discusses Henson's participation in protests against the government's acceptance of Italy's invasion of Abyssinia and his condemnation of the anti-Semitic policies of Nazi Germany.Less
This chapter examines the career of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Durham during Great Depression in Great Britain and his relations with the miners. It suggests that though Henson was aware of the suffering of the miners in Durham and he tried to help provide meaningful work for the unemployed, he condemned the coal-mining unions' strikes. It also discusses Henson's participation in protests against the government's acceptance of Italy's invasion of Abyssinia and his condemnation of the anti-Semitic policies of Nazi Germany.
Julie Fette
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801450211
- eISBN:
- 9780801463990
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801450211.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
In the 1930s, the French Third Republic banned naturalized citizens from careers in law and medicine for up to ten years after they had obtained French nationality. In 1940, the Vichy regime ...
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In the 1930s, the French Third Republic banned naturalized citizens from careers in law and medicine for up to ten years after they had obtained French nationality. In 1940, the Vichy regime permanently expelled all lawyers and physicians born of foreign fathers and imposed a two percent quota on Jews in both professions. On the basis of extensive archival research, this book finds that doctors and lawyers themselves, despite their claims to embody republican virtues, persuaded the French state to enact this exclusionary legislation. At the crossroads of knowledge and power, lawyers and doctors had long been dominant forces in French society: they ran hospitals and courts, doubled as university professors, held posts in parliament and government, and administered justice and public health for the nation. Their social and political influence was crucial in spreading xenophobic attitudes and rendering them more socially acceptable in France. The book traces the origins of this professional protectionism to the late nineteenth century, when the democratization of higher education sparked efforts by doctors and lawyers to close ranks against women and the lower classes in addition to foreigners. The legislatively imposed delays on the right to practice law and medicine remained in force until the 1970s, and only in 1997 did French lawyers and doctors formally recognize their complicity in the anti-Semitic policies of the Vichy regime.Less
In the 1930s, the French Third Republic banned naturalized citizens from careers in law and medicine for up to ten years after they had obtained French nationality. In 1940, the Vichy regime permanently expelled all lawyers and physicians born of foreign fathers and imposed a two percent quota on Jews in both professions. On the basis of extensive archival research, this book finds that doctors and lawyers themselves, despite their claims to embody republican virtues, persuaded the French state to enact this exclusionary legislation. At the crossroads of knowledge and power, lawyers and doctors had long been dominant forces in French society: they ran hospitals and courts, doubled as university professors, held posts in parliament and government, and administered justice and public health for the nation. Their social and political influence was crucial in spreading xenophobic attitudes and rendering them more socially acceptable in France. The book traces the origins of this professional protectionism to the late nineteenth century, when the democratization of higher education sparked efforts by doctors and lawyers to close ranks against women and the lower classes in addition to foreigners. The legislatively imposed delays on the right to practice law and medicine remained in force until the 1970s, and only in 1997 did French lawyers and doctors formally recognize their complicity in the anti-Semitic policies of the Vichy regime.
Owen Chadwick
- Published in print:
- 1983
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198264453
- eISBN:
- 9780191682711
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198264453.003.0012
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter examines the retirement of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Durham. It explains that Henson gave away most of his prized possessions when he left Durham. It discusses Prime Minister Winston ...
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This chapter examines the retirement of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Durham. It explains that Henson gave away most of his prized possessions when he left Durham. It discusses Prime Minister Winston Churchill's nomination of Henson to become canon of Westminster Abbey and to do a piece of war work, knowing the bishop's negative opinion of Nazi Germany's anti-Semitic policies. Henson served for the second time as canon of Westminster from September 1940 to April 1941.Less
This chapter examines the retirement of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Durham. It explains that Henson gave away most of his prized possessions when he left Durham. It discusses Prime Minister Winston Churchill's nomination of Henson to become canon of Westminster Abbey and to do a piece of war work, knowing the bishop's negative opinion of Nazi Germany's anti-Semitic policies. Henson served for the second time as canon of Westminster from September 1940 to April 1941.
Seán Hand
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479835041
- eISBN:
- 9781479814954
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479835041.003.0012
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the first ten years of political and social reconstruction in France after the end of World War II. It is a period that was crucial to the ...
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the first ten years of political and social reconstruction in France after the end of World War II. It is a period that was crucial to the restoration of a Jewish population and cultural presence in France after years of persecution and destruction, and it involved such immediate tasks as the reunification of families and communities, restitution of property and resources, and reestablishment of revoked rights. However, equally it is a decade that involved major developments that came to challenge the notion of a restoration of order, to the extent that it changed the enshrined and understood relationship between France and the Jews. One of these major developments is the implementation of anti-Semitic policies, which distinguished the particular French model of Jewish emancipation sometimes called Franco-Judaism.Less
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the first ten years of political and social reconstruction in France after the end of World War II. It is a period that was crucial to the restoration of a Jewish population and cultural presence in France after years of persecution and destruction, and it involved such immediate tasks as the reunification of families and communities, restitution of property and resources, and reestablishment of revoked rights. However, equally it is a decade that involved major developments that came to challenge the notion of a restoration of order, to the extent that it changed the enshrined and understood relationship between France and the Jews. One of these major developments is the implementation of anti-Semitic policies, which distinguished the particular French model of Jewish emancipation sometimes called Franco-Judaism.
