Pat Willmer
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691128610
- eISBN:
- 9781400838943
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691128610.003.0024
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology
This chapter describes some of the kinds of cheating committed by flower visitors and what plants can do to avoid the costs of being cheated. While both plants and visitors have many ways of ...
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This chapter describes some of the kinds of cheating committed by flower visitors and what plants can do to avoid the costs of being cheated. While both plants and visitors have many ways of cheating, the diversity and deviousness of cheating by the plants seem to be substantially greater than the surreptitious stealing and ambushing that goes on in the animals. This is not surprising when considered in terms of the so-called life-dinner principle, and what each participant has at stake. The chapter begins with a discussion of how animals cheat by means of floral theft and thus get rewards without effecting pollination, including nectar theft, pollen theft, and florivory. It then examines three main options for defending plants against theft: physical barriers, chemical deterrents, and bribes. It also explains the overall effects of theft on flowers and concludes with an analysis of floral exploitation by hitchhikers and ambush predators.Less
This chapter describes some of the kinds of cheating committed by flower visitors and what plants can do to avoid the costs of being cheated. While both plants and visitors have many ways of cheating, the diversity and deviousness of cheating by the plants seem to be substantially greater than the surreptitious stealing and ambushing that goes on in the animals. This is not surprising when considered in terms of the so-called life-dinner principle, and what each participant has at stake. The chapter begins with a discussion of how animals cheat by means of floral theft and thus get rewards without effecting pollination, including nectar theft, pollen theft, and florivory. It then examines three main options for defending plants against theft: physical barriers, chemical deterrents, and bribes. It also explains the overall effects of theft on flowers and concludes with an analysis of floral exploitation by hitchhikers and ambush predators.
Stuart Carroll
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199290451
- eISBN:
- 9780191710490
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199290451.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
Counsel is one of the most important, least understood, and most elusive elements of politics in early modern France. Table talk in all households revolved around plots and schemes designed to ...
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Counsel is one of the most important, least understood, and most elusive elements of politics in early modern France. Table talk in all households revolved around plots and schemes designed to further the lineage at the expense of one's neighbour. Plots were disguised as fair duels or chance encounters. Behind much of the surviving evidence of face-to-face killing in this period lies the hidden history of calculation and conspiracy. One of the best documented vengeance killings of the 17th century involving two feuding families provides a good opportunity to explore the dynamics of family decision making and group solidarity. This chapter also discusses ambush and surprise attacks, use of disguise and concealment to commit crime, and escape of those who committed the crime.Less
Counsel is one of the most important, least understood, and most elusive elements of politics in early modern France. Table talk in all households revolved around plots and schemes designed to further the lineage at the expense of one's neighbour. Plots were disguised as fair duels or chance encounters. Behind much of the surviving evidence of face-to-face killing in this period lies the hidden history of calculation and conspiracy. One of the best documented vengeance killings of the 17th century involving two feuding families provides a good opportunity to explore the dynamics of family decision making and group solidarity. This chapter also discusses ambush and surprise attacks, use of disguise and concealment to commit crime, and escape of those who committed the crime.
Anne Marie Oliver and Paul F. Steinberg
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195305593
- eISBN:
- 9780199850815
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305593.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
In the early days of the intifada, there were lots of curfews. The plug would be pulled, and everything would suddenly and without warning be immersed in complete darkness. People had heard the pops ...
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In the early days of the intifada, there were lots of curfews. The plug would be pulled, and everything would suddenly and without warning be immersed in complete darkness. People had heard the pops and whizzes of IDF bullets so often they could frequently distinguish the kind of gun that had fired them. Like his grandmother, Sitti, Yusuf was also blind. Sometimes, they worked on improving their Arabic. Sometimes, Yusuf would give a lesson on Braille. Long expanses of time could go by like this, and then something would happen. They seemed like midnight ambushes.Less
In the early days of the intifada, there were lots of curfews. The plug would be pulled, and everything would suddenly and without warning be immersed in complete darkness. People had heard the pops and whizzes of IDF bullets so often they could frequently distinguish the kind of gun that had fired them. Like his grandmother, Sitti, Yusuf was also blind. Sometimes, they worked on improving their Arabic. Sometimes, Yusuf would give a lesson on Braille. Long expanses of time could go by like this, and then something would happen. They seemed like midnight ambushes.
Matthew Leigh
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199266760
- eISBN:
- 9780191708916
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199266760.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Plays and Playwrights: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This book looks at Roman comedy in the light of history and Roman history in the light of comedy. Plautus and Terence base their dramas on the New Comedy of 4th- and 3rd-century BC Greece. Yet many ...
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This book looks at Roman comedy in the light of history and Roman history in the light of comedy. Plautus and Terence base their dramas on the New Comedy of 4th- and 3rd-century BC Greece. Yet many of the themes with which they engage are peculiarly alive in the Rome of the Hannibalic war, and the conquest of Macedon. This study takes issues as diverse as the legal status of the prisoner of war, the ethics of ambush, fatherhood and command, and the clash of maritime and agrarian economies, and examines responses to them both on the comic stage and in the world at large. This is a substantially new departure in ways of thinking about Roman comedy and one that opens it up to a far wider public than has previously been the case.Less
This book looks at Roman comedy in the light of history and Roman history in the light of comedy. Plautus and Terence base their dramas on the New Comedy of 4th- and 3rd-century BC Greece. Yet many of the themes with which they engage are peculiarly alive in the Rome of the Hannibalic war, and the conquest of Macedon. This study takes issues as diverse as the legal status of the prisoner of war, the ethics of ambush, fatherhood and command, and the clash of maritime and agrarian economies, and examines responses to them both on the comic stage and in the world at large. This is a substantially new departure in ways of thinking about Roman comedy and one that opens it up to a far wider public than has previously been the case.
Peter Hart
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198208068
- eISBN:
- 9780191677892
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208068.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter examines the Kilmichael ambush, showing how difficult it is to categorize acts of violence or give them moral and military coherence. On November 28 1920, the flying column of the West ...
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This chapter examines the Kilmichael ambush, showing how difficult it is to categorize acts of violence or give them moral and military coherence. On November 28 1920, the flying column of the West Cork Brigade ambushed a police patrol near the village of Kilmichael. Three Volunteers and seventeen Auxiliary cadets, members of an elite anti-I.R.A. force, were killed. The Kilmichael ambush delivered a big blow to the British system, showing that guerrillas could beat British officers in the field. On December 1, the Cabinet decided that martial law would be introduced wherever necessary. In Ireland, the Kilmichael ambush became the most celebrated victory of rebel arms. Tom Barry, the column commander, became a folk hero and a revolutionary celebrity. Kilmichael was a brilliant ambush but it turned into a massacre, similar to the world of disappearances and revenge killings of the shootings on White Street and Broad Lane.Less
This chapter examines the Kilmichael ambush, showing how difficult it is to categorize acts of violence or give them moral and military coherence. On November 28 1920, the flying column of the West Cork Brigade ambushed a police patrol near the village of Kilmichael. Three Volunteers and seventeen Auxiliary cadets, members of an elite anti-I.R.A. force, were killed. The Kilmichael ambush delivered a big blow to the British system, showing that guerrillas could beat British officers in the field. On December 1, the Cabinet decided that martial law would be introduced wherever necessary. In Ireland, the Kilmichael ambush became the most celebrated victory of rebel arms. Tom Barry, the column commander, became a folk hero and a revolutionary celebrity. Kilmichael was a brilliant ambush but it turned into a massacre, similar to the world of disappearances and revenge killings of the shootings on White Street and Broad Lane.
Peter Hart
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198208068
- eISBN:
- 9780191677892
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208068.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter explores the ‘boys of Kilmichael’, examining what kind of men were they and what sort of Ireland they represented. The song ‘The Boys of Kilmichael’ was already a popular favourite by ...
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This chapter explores the ‘boys of Kilmichael’, examining what kind of men were they and what sort of Ireland they represented. The song ‘The Boys of Kilmichael’ was already a popular favourite by the time of the Truce. The English policemen considered the Kilmichael men to be dirty, and despised them for what they believed to have been an act of savage butchery. To the boys, the Auxies were the ‘terrorists’, killers without mercy. Most of the Kilmichael men joined the movement in 1917 when they were still teenagers. They were wanted men even before the November 28 ambush, forced out of their homes, and on the run for months and even years. Tom Barry may have made them victors and killers, but years of hardship, experience, and a mingled sense of purpose brought them together.Less
This chapter explores the ‘boys of Kilmichael’, examining what kind of men were they and what sort of Ireland they represented. The song ‘The Boys of Kilmichael’ was already a popular favourite by the time of the Truce. The English policemen considered the Kilmichael men to be dirty, and despised them for what they believed to have been an act of savage butchery. To the boys, the Auxies were the ‘terrorists’, killers without mercy. Most of the Kilmichael men joined the movement in 1917 when they were still teenagers. They were wanted men even before the November 28 ambush, forced out of their homes, and on the run for months and even years. Tom Barry may have made them victors and killers, but years of hardship, experience, and a mingled sense of purpose brought them together.
D. M. Leeson
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199598991
- eISBN:
- 9780191730597
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199598991.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Military History
This chapter describes what it was like for police to fight in the Irish War of Independence, using their own testimony, obtained from the records of military courts of inquiry. It analyses the ...
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This chapter describes what it was like for police to fight in the Irish War of Independence, using their own testimony, obtained from the records of military courts of inquiry. It analyses the various types of engagements in which police fought — assassinations, ambushes, barracks battles, and encounter battles — and shows how, from the police perspective, the War of Independence was often frustratingly one-sided. Battles between guerrillas and police often ended in defeat for the police, who then were faced with a choice of fighting to the death, running away, or surrendering. Those who surrendered to the guerrillas were sometimes treated well, but sometimes killed. The chapter concludes with some reflections on the Kilmichael ambush controversy: although nationalist historians have largely succeeded in discrediting Peter Hart's revisionist account, they have not succeeded in confirming the traditional version of events.Less
This chapter describes what it was like for police to fight in the Irish War of Independence, using their own testimony, obtained from the records of military courts of inquiry. It analyses the various types of engagements in which police fought — assassinations, ambushes, barracks battles, and encounter battles — and shows how, from the police perspective, the War of Independence was often frustratingly one-sided. Battles between guerrillas and police often ended in defeat for the police, who then were faced with a choice of fighting to the death, running away, or surrendering. Those who surrendered to the guerrillas were sometimes treated well, but sometimes killed. The chapter concludes with some reflections on the Kilmichael ambush controversy: although nationalist historians have largely succeeded in discrediting Peter Hart's revisionist account, they have not succeeded in confirming the traditional version of events.
Louis Rawlings
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719056574
- eISBN:
- 9781781700839
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719056574.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
The ancient Greeks experienced war in many forms. By land and by sea, they conducted raids, ambushes, battles and sieges; they embarked on campaigns of intimidation, conquest and annihilation; they ...
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The ancient Greeks experienced war in many forms. By land and by sea, they conducted raids, ambushes, battles and sieges; they embarked on campaigns of intimidation, conquest and annihilation; they fought against fellow Greeks and non-Greeks. Drawing on literary, epigraphic and archaeological material, this wide-ranging synthesis looks at the practicalities of Greek warfare and its wider social ramifications. Alongside discussions of the nature and role of battle, logistics, strategy and equipment are examinations of other fundamentals of war: religious and economic factors, militarism and martial values, and the relationships between the individual and the community, before, during and after wars. The book takes account of the main developments of modern scholarship in the field, engaging with the many theories and interpretations that have been advanced in recent years.Less
The ancient Greeks experienced war in many forms. By land and by sea, they conducted raids, ambushes, battles and sieges; they embarked on campaigns of intimidation, conquest and annihilation; they fought against fellow Greeks and non-Greeks. Drawing on literary, epigraphic and archaeological material, this wide-ranging synthesis looks at the practicalities of Greek warfare and its wider social ramifications. Alongside discussions of the nature and role of battle, logistics, strategy and equipment are examinations of other fundamentals of war: religious and economic factors, militarism and martial values, and the relationships between the individual and the community, before, during and after wars. The book takes account of the main developments of modern scholarship in the field, engaging with the many theories and interpretations that have been advanced in recent years.
William T. Bowers and John T. Greenwood
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813134529
- eISBN:
- 9780813135991
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813134529.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter follows the operations of Battery B, 999th Armored Field Artillery Battalion, in its efforts to support the Republic of Korea 1st Division during the opening days of the Spring ...
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This chapter follows the operations of Battery B, 999th Armored Field Artillery Battalion, in its efforts to support the Republic of Korea 1st Division during the opening days of the Spring Offensive. A Communist attack hit the ROK 1st division of the US 1 Corps hard and the Armored Field Artillery Battalion, an African American organization, reinforced the unit. The extensive accounts of the ambush and response, coupled with maps and illustrations, provide a complete picture of the Battery B unit, which continued to be an effective fighting organization even after the attack.Less
This chapter follows the operations of Battery B, 999th Armored Field Artillery Battalion, in its efforts to support the Republic of Korea 1st Division during the opening days of the Spring Offensive. A Communist attack hit the ROK 1st division of the US 1 Corps hard and the Armored Field Artillery Battalion, an African American organization, reinforced the unit. The extensive accounts of the ambush and response, coupled with maps and illustrations, provide a complete picture of the Battery B unit, which continued to be an effective fighting organization even after the attack.
Murray Colin and Sanders Peter
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748622849
- eISBN:
- 9780748652952
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748622849.003.0007
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
This chapter describes the process of instigating a murder; choosing a victim; beer-drinks and ambushes; mutilating and killing; disposing of the body; and the making the medicine, all in relation to ...
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This chapter describes the process of instigating a murder; choosing a victim; beer-drinks and ambushes; mutilating and killing; disposing of the body; and the making the medicine, all in relation to medicine murder. Information about the instigation and planning of medicine murders comes almost entirely from accomplice witnesses. Many were simply told, either by the chief or by one of his councillors, that the chief had decided to kill a certain person for medicine and that he wanted them to take part. If the intended victim was an adult, the most common plan was to invite them to a feast of some kind, a mokete, to let them get drunk, and then to attack them after they had left. Before the murderers got down to work, there were other precautions to be taken. Blood-stains had to be avoided, and paths that were less likely to be seen are chosen.Less
This chapter describes the process of instigating a murder; choosing a victim; beer-drinks and ambushes; mutilating and killing; disposing of the body; and the making the medicine, all in relation to medicine murder. Information about the instigation and planning of medicine murders comes almost entirely from accomplice witnesses. Many were simply told, either by the chief or by one of his councillors, that the chief had decided to kill a certain person for medicine and that he wanted them to take part. If the intended victim was an adult, the most common plan was to invite them to a feast of some kind, a mokete, to let them get drunk, and then to attack them after they had left. Before the murderers got down to work, there were other precautions to be taken. Blood-stains had to be avoided, and paths that were less likely to be seen are chosen.
Andy Miah
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262035477
- eISBN:
- 9780262343114
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035477.003.0011
- Subject:
- Sociology, Sport and Leisure
This chapter focuses on how digital culture is re-making our understanding of citizenship by creating alternative channels of communication, activity, connection, and expression. In particular, it ...
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This chapter focuses on how digital culture is re-making our understanding of citizenship by creating alternative channels of communication, activity, connection, and expression. In particular, it discusses instances of digital resistance around the Olympic Games, arguing that these antagonistic reactions are crucial components that justify the Olympic mission and a crucial means through which the Olympic idea can assert itself as a movement, rather than just a sports event. In this respect, it argues that the Olympic industries must seek to enable such expression, while also ensuring that it does not jeopardize the need for the Olympic Games to remain politically neutral.Less
This chapter focuses on how digital culture is re-making our understanding of citizenship by creating alternative channels of communication, activity, connection, and expression. In particular, it discusses instances of digital resistance around the Olympic Games, arguing that these antagonistic reactions are crucial components that justify the Olympic mission and a crucial means through which the Olympic idea can assert itself as a movement, rather than just a sports event. In this respect, it argues that the Olympic industries must seek to enable such expression, while also ensuring that it does not jeopardize the need for the Olympic Games to remain politically neutral.
Anthony King
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199658848
- eISBN:
- 9780191752483
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199658848.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Political Economy
This chapter begins the discussion of the professional soldier, assessing the definitions of professionalism propounded by Huntington, Janowitz, and Moskos. It argues that in the professional force ...
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This chapter begins the discussion of the professional soldier, assessing the definitions of professionalism propounded by Huntington, Janowitz, and Moskos. It argues that in the professional force not only has infantry doctrine been refined so that specific actions at each point of an infantry assault are specified comprehensively but the professional soldier is also sufficiently well trained to execute these drills in practice. The chapter draws on interviews, observation of training, and recent published accounts of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, including the famous Gatigal ambush, to illustrate the inculcation and implementation of battle drills. The chapter concludes with a discussion of ‘close-quarters battle’, the most advanced urban combat techniques initially developed by Special Forces in the 1970s, to highlight contemporary developments in infantry drills.Less
This chapter begins the discussion of the professional soldier, assessing the definitions of professionalism propounded by Huntington, Janowitz, and Moskos. It argues that in the professional force not only has infantry doctrine been refined so that specific actions at each point of an infantry assault are specified comprehensively but the professional soldier is also sufficiently well trained to execute these drills in practice. The chapter draws on interviews, observation of training, and recent published accounts of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, including the famous Gatigal ambush, to illustrate the inculcation and implementation of battle drills. The chapter concludes with a discussion of ‘close-quarters battle’, the most advanced urban combat techniques initially developed by Special Forces in the 1970s, to highlight contemporary developments in infantry drills.
James W. Pardew
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780813174358
- eISBN:
- 9780813174587
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813174358.003.0031
- Subject:
- History, Political History
The talks resolve most issues after the talks move to the shore of Lake Ohrid. But the execution of NLA fighters and the ambush of a Macedonian Army convoy threaten to destroy the negotiations. ...
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The talks resolve most issues after the talks move to the shore of Lake Ohrid. But the execution of NLA fighters and the ambush of a Macedonian Army convoy threaten to destroy the negotiations. President Trajkovski steps in to complete the agreement and prevent a destructive civil war. NATO then moves to disarm the NLA.
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The talks resolve most issues after the talks move to the shore of Lake Ohrid. But the execution of NLA fighters and the ambush of a Macedonian Army convoy threaten to destroy the negotiations. President Trajkovski steps in to complete the agreement and prevent a destructive civil war. NATO then moves to disarm the NLA.
Brian Heffernan
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719090486
- eISBN:
- 9781781706862
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090486.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
Many clerics who sympathised with Sinn Féin and who wished to see Ireland become an independent republic were nonetheless vociferous in condemning IRA violence. The discouragement of violence was ...
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Many clerics who sympathised with Sinn Féin and who wished to see Ireland become an independent republic were nonetheless vociferous in condemning IRA violence. The discouragement of violence was thus an important aspect of the clergy’s traditional political alignment. This goal was pursued principally by exerting moral pressure on Irish Catholics through denunciation. This chapter examines public clerical condemnation of the IRA campaign. It looks first at its incidence, showing that priests condemned IRA violence more often as it became more frequent up to the last quarter of 1920, when denunciations dropped as British violence became harsher. The chapter also analyses the means by which clerics communicated their message and examines its contents. It shows that specific tropes of condemnation were established in the aftermath of the Soloheadbeg ambush.Less
Many clerics who sympathised with Sinn Féin and who wished to see Ireland become an independent republic were nonetheless vociferous in condemning IRA violence. The discouragement of violence was thus an important aspect of the clergy’s traditional political alignment. This goal was pursued principally by exerting moral pressure on Irish Catholics through denunciation. This chapter examines public clerical condemnation of the IRA campaign. It looks first at its incidence, showing that priests condemned IRA violence more often as it became more frequent up to the last quarter of 1920, when denunciations dropped as British violence became harsher. The chapter also analyses the means by which clerics communicated their message and examines its contents. It shows that specific tropes of condemnation were established in the aftermath of the Soloheadbeg ambush.
Maureen Alden
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- November 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199291069
- eISBN:
- 9780191746963
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199291069.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Telemachus is encouraged to follow the example of Orestes’ return from abroad to take revenge on his mother’s suitors. (Orestes’ matricide is downplayed, so that he offers a pattern which does not ...
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Telemachus is encouraged to follow the example of Orestes’ return from abroad to take revenge on his mother’s suitors. (Orestes’ matricide is downplayed, so that he offers a pattern which does not compromise Telemachus’ moral standing.) Agamemnon is trapped in an ambush and murdered at a feast by a trick of his wife’s to achieve a cross-over parallel with the suitors, who are tricked (by Penelope), ambushed, and murdered at a feast. The fish-and-net simile used of the suitors’ bodies lying in the hall parodies Agamemnon’s traditional murder in the bath tangled up in a cloth. Penelope’s instructions for the care of her guest, the disguised Odysseus, parody the bath, textiles, and bed/bier which later appear in Aeschylus’ Oresteia.Less
Telemachus is encouraged to follow the example of Orestes’ return from abroad to take revenge on his mother’s suitors. (Orestes’ matricide is downplayed, so that he offers a pattern which does not compromise Telemachus’ moral standing.) Agamemnon is trapped in an ambush and murdered at a feast by a trick of his wife’s to achieve a cross-over parallel with the suitors, who are tricked (by Penelope), ambushed, and murdered at a feast. The fish-and-net simile used of the suitors’ bodies lying in the hall parodies Agamemnon’s traditional murder in the bath tangled up in a cloth. Penelope’s instructions for the care of her guest, the disguised Odysseus, parody the bath, textiles, and bed/bier which later appear in Aeschylus’ Oresteia.
Kaushik Roy
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780199485659
- eISBN:
- 9780199093939
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199485659.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Military History
In 1914 at the Battle of Tanga, the Indian troops performed badly because of inadequate training and hardware. After Tanga, mainly dispersed small actions rather than decisive great battles ...
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In 1914 at the Battle of Tanga, the Indian troops performed badly because of inadequate training and hardware. After Tanga, mainly dispersed small actions rather than decisive great battles characterized the campaign in East Africa. Sporadic small-unit actions resulted in mostly battalion-size engagements, rather than mass infantry armies colliding with each other within a confined space as in France. Bush fighting required skirmishing, sniping, ambush, reconnaissance patrol, and so on—tactical forms in which the Indian infantry, who were veterans of North-West Frontier fighting, were well acquainted. However, ‘raw’ sepoys required some time to adopt this specialized form of combat technique. From mid-1917 onwards, material superiority and adoption of proper techniques of bush warfare by the British and Indian troops enabled them to keep the Germans on the run.Less
In 1914 at the Battle of Tanga, the Indian troops performed badly because of inadequate training and hardware. After Tanga, mainly dispersed small actions rather than decisive great battles characterized the campaign in East Africa. Sporadic small-unit actions resulted in mostly battalion-size engagements, rather than mass infantry armies colliding with each other within a confined space as in France. Bush fighting required skirmishing, sniping, ambush, reconnaissance patrol, and so on—tactical forms in which the Indian infantry, who were veterans of North-West Frontier fighting, were well acquainted. However, ‘raw’ sepoys required some time to adopt this specialized form of combat technique. From mid-1917 onwards, material superiority and adoption of proper techniques of bush warfare by the British and Indian troops enabled them to keep the Germans on the run.
