Edward Rohs and Judith Estrine
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823240227
- eISBN:
- 9780823240265
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823240227.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter is an overview of the world of the Catholic orphanage system into which Ed Rohs was placed. It opens with a comparison between the fantasies of Hollywood's orphans and the reality of ...
More
This chapter is an overview of the world of the Catholic orphanage system into which Ed Rohs was placed. It opens with a comparison between the fantasies of Hollywood's orphans and the reality of life in an orphanage. The chapter describes how, until the 1960s, the Catholic orphanage system operated a silo system of childcare, separating boys and girls by age and gender. Children lived in an institution until they aged out and were sent on to the next home. Although in some ways their experiences were similar to the experiences of so-called “army brats” who endured frequent dislocations with their families, the important difference between the population of orphans who were moved and those of children born and raised by army personnel lay in the absence of consistent parent figures. With each move, institutionalized children were assigned to be supervised by different individuals—strangers to whom they had to adjust. After being discharged from the system at 18 (Ed Rohs remained until 19) some succumbed to a life of drugs and drug-related crimes but others, like Ed, overcame adversities.Less
This chapter is an overview of the world of the Catholic orphanage system into which Ed Rohs was placed. It opens with a comparison between the fantasies of Hollywood's orphans and the reality of life in an orphanage. The chapter describes how, until the 1960s, the Catholic orphanage system operated a silo system of childcare, separating boys and girls by age and gender. Children lived in an institution until they aged out and were sent on to the next home. Although in some ways their experiences were similar to the experiences of so-called “army brats” who endured frequent dislocations with their families, the important difference between the population of orphans who were moved and those of children born and raised by army personnel lay in the absence of consistent parent figures. With each move, institutionalized children were assigned to be supervised by different individuals—strangers to whom they had to adjust. After being discharged from the system at 18 (Ed Rohs remained until 19) some succumbed to a life of drugs and drug-related crimes but others, like Ed, overcame adversities.
Wendy B. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195375596
- eISBN:
- 9780199893355
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195375596.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
The challenges faced by youth who turn eighteen and “age out” of the foster care system began to receive greater public and research attention in the 1980s. Increased funding and services in the ...
More
The challenges faced by youth who turn eighteen and “age out” of the foster care system began to receive greater public and research attention in the 1980s. Increased funding and services in the years since has not resulted in significant improvements in generally poor educational, employment, economic, and housing outcomes. This book presents recent research and thinking from varied disciplines to propose a biological, psychological, and social perspective that is developmentally informed and emphasizes not only the presence, but the quality, of relationships with caring adults in the lives of foster youth. Developmental traumatology provides the reader with expanded understanding of the psychological and biological impacts of abuse, trauma, and disrupted attachments early in life. The sequelae of these experiences can affect children’s ability to learn, to form new attachments, and to develop positive identities. The book brings dynamic nonlinear systems theory together with neurobiology, attachment theory, child and adolescent development, and resiliency theory to suggest practice, program, and policy approaches that will provide greater healing to youth and enable them to transition more successfully into adulthood.Less
The challenges faced by youth who turn eighteen and “age out” of the foster care system began to receive greater public and research attention in the 1980s. Increased funding and services in the years since has not resulted in significant improvements in generally poor educational, employment, economic, and housing outcomes. This book presents recent research and thinking from varied disciplines to propose a biological, psychological, and social perspective that is developmentally informed and emphasizes not only the presence, but the quality, of relationships with caring adults in the lives of foster youth. Developmental traumatology provides the reader with expanded understanding of the psychological and biological impacts of abuse, trauma, and disrupted attachments early in life. The sequelae of these experiences can affect children’s ability to learn, to form new attachments, and to develop positive identities. The book brings dynamic nonlinear systems theory together with neurobiology, attachment theory, child and adolescent development, and resiliency theory to suggest practice, program, and policy approaches that will provide greater healing to youth and enable them to transition more successfully into adulthood.
Marieke Liem
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781479806928
- eISBN:
- 9781479860746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479806928.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This chapter draws from two predominant criminological theories that have been used to explain desistance from crime: Life-course theories and theories of cognitive transformation. Particular ...
More
This chapter draws from two predominant criminological theories that have been used to explain desistance from crime: Life-course theories and theories of cognitive transformation. Particular attention is paid to life-course notions including aging out and acquiring new social roles. This chapter also addresses the nature of the homicide and the influence of imprisonment to help us understand how the homicide offenders on which this study was based, fare post-release. Did prison act as a school of crime, as a deterrent, or simply as a ‘deep freeze’, which implies that offenders came out the exact way they came in? Finally, the chapter discusses potential harmful effects of imprisonment, including institutionalization. This chapter serves as a theoretical background in coming to understand the ability of lifers to build a life for themselves before, during, and most importantly, after release.Less
This chapter draws from two predominant criminological theories that have been used to explain desistance from crime: Life-course theories and theories of cognitive transformation. Particular attention is paid to life-course notions including aging out and acquiring new social roles. This chapter also addresses the nature of the homicide and the influence of imprisonment to help us understand how the homicide offenders on which this study was based, fare post-release. Did prison act as a school of crime, as a deterrent, or simply as a ‘deep freeze’, which implies that offenders came out the exact way they came in? Finally, the chapter discusses potential harmful effects of imprisonment, including institutionalization. This chapter serves as a theoretical background in coming to understand the ability of lifers to build a life for themselves before, during, and most importantly, after release.
Sandra M. Bucerius
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199856473
- eISBN:
- 9780199398133
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199856473.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance, Race and Ethnicity
The question of whether criminals age out of crime or whether certain life events, like the birth of a child or a wedding, trigger them to quit is a longstanding debate within criminology. This ...
More
The question of whether criminals age out of crime or whether certain life events, like the birth of a child or a wedding, trigger them to quit is a longstanding debate within criminology. This chapter focuses on the young men’s futures. For most dealers, especially those with lower status in the drug trade, selling drugs is a temporary occupation. The central question explored is how the young men imagined their future and why “marrying” and “religion” became central components of their vision of a “life after drug dealing” in Germany.Less
The question of whether criminals age out of crime or whether certain life events, like the birth of a child or a wedding, trigger them to quit is a longstanding debate within criminology. This chapter focuses on the young men’s futures. For most dealers, especially those with lower status in the drug trade, selling drugs is a temporary occupation. The central question explored is how the young men imagined their future and why “marrying” and “religion” became central components of their vision of a “life after drug dealing” in Germany.
